Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Hastings Cent Rep 2019 Apr 22. Epub 2019 Apr 22.

Vaccination is one of history's most successful public health interventions. Since 2000, vaccination campaigns against measles, which is highly contagious but preventable through the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, have reduced both the global incidence of the disease and measles deaths by 80 percent. However, progress toward measles elimination has slid backward in several previously well-protected global regions. Read More

Rev Esp Salud Publica 2019 Apr 22;93. Epub 2019 Apr 22.

Subdirección General de Promoción de la Salud y Vigilancia en Salud Pública. Dirección General de Salud Pública, Calidad e Innovación. Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar Social. Madrid. España.

Seroprevalence studies are designed in population samples to assess the level and distribution of immunity induced by natural infection of certain infectious agents or by immunization against them. The purpose of the 2nd Seroprevalence Study in Spain is to assess the prevalence and distribution of immune status against vaccine-preventable diseases and generated by natural infection by other microorganisms. Pathologies specifically included in the study are: poliomyelitis, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, measles, rubella, mumps, varicella, invasive meningococcal disease by serogroup C, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis E, hepatitis C and HIV. Read More

Clin Transplant 2019 Apr 19:e13563. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Transplant Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, Toronto, ON.

These updated guidelines of the AST IDCOP review vaccination of solid organ transplant candidates and recipients. General principles of vaccination as well as the use of specific vaccines in this population are discussed. Vaccination should be reviewed in the pre-transplant setting and appropriate vaccines updated. Read More

J Public Health Res 2019 Mar 11;8(1):1436. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy.

Vaccine hesitancy has increased worldwide with a subsequent decreasing of vaccination rates and outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases (i.e. measles, poliomyelitis and pertussis) in several developed countries, including Italy. Read More

Ann Ig 2019 Mar-Apr;31(2 Supple 1):54-64

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, Italy.

The National Plan for Vaccine Prevention 2017-2019 has expanded the vaccination offer including new vaccines, enlarging the target population and introducing for the first time in Italy a life-course approach to vaccination. A "lifetime immunization schedule" is aimed to reduce the burden and the related costs of vaccine-preventable diseases through effective vaccination programs. However, to counteract the national steady downward trend in the uptake of vaccinations that caused a drop of the vaccination coverage below the 95% threshold to allow herd immunity, it was decided to make 10 vaccinations mandatory by the law 119/2017. Read More

Vaccine 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil.

We analyzed the time trends and spatial distribution of MMR vaccine coverage in Brazil during 2007-2017. In early 2018, a measles outbreak started in the North region of Brazil, reaching 11 of the 27 federal units by January 24, 2019. In this period, 10,302 cases were confirmed. Read More

Annu Rev Virol 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Immunization Safety Office, Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA; email:

Autism is a developmental disability that can cause significant social, communication, and behavioral challenges. A report published in 1998, but subsequently retracted by the journal, suggested that measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine causes autism. However, autism is a neurodevelopmental condition that has a strong genetic component with genesis before one year of age, when MMR vaccine is typically administered. Read More

Front Pediatr 2019 26;7:84. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China.

In China, the vaccination of children with epilepsy (EP) and cerebral palsy (CP) has no specific protocol. Parents are often concerned that vaccination of their children may cause complications due to negative recommendations from vaccinators, resulting in a decline in vaccination. It is therefore is essential to investigate the vaccination status of these specific populations, and the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of vaccinators. Read More

Am J Infect Control 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Columbia University, School of Nursing, New York, NY.

Background: Staff nurse and infection preventionist (IP) workload increases in response to exposures and outbreaks. Understanding the time burden associated with responding to specific pathogens may improve resource allocation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate workload increases reported by nurses and IPs in response to common exposures and outbreaks. Read More

BMC Med 2019 Apr 9;17(1):75. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Psychiatry, Center for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland.

Background: Comorbidity patterns of childhood infections, atopic diseases, and adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are related to immune system programming conditions. The aim of this study was to make a step beyond the hygiene hypothesis and to comprehensively classify these patterns with latent class analysis (LCA). A second aim was to characterize the classes by associations with immunological, clinical, and sociodemographic variables. Read More

Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka. Electronic address:

Vaccination against vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) is highly recommended for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients by several guidelines; however, the safety and seropositivity after live attenuated vaccines remain unclear in adult HSCT recipients. We analyzed titers of antibodies against measles, rubella, mumps, and varicella zoster virus (VZV) from Japanese adult patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT (allo-HSCT) (n = 74), autologous HSCT (auto-HSCT) (n = 39), or chemotherapy (n = 93). The seropositive rates for measles, rubella, mumps, and VZV in allo-HSCT recipients were 20. Read More

Infect Chemother 2019 Mar;51(1):58-61

Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

There are only limited data regarding the seroprevalence of measles of healthcare workers (HCWs) in Korea. We evaluated the seroprevalence of measles in HCWs in a tertiary care hospital in Korea. A total of 7,411 HCWs born from 1952 to 1995 underwent antibody test. Read More

Antiviral Res 2019 Mar 30;166:35-41. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre @ SingHealth-Duke NUS, Singapore; Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. Electronic address:

Vaccination is an effective approach to reduce disease burden. High vaccination coverage blocks pathogen transmission to ensure herd immunity. However, the concept of herd immunity assumes that vaccinated individuals cannot be infected and mediate silent pathogen transmission. Read More

Euro Surveill 2019 Mar;24(12)

Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.

IntroductionWith growing amounts of data available, identification of clusters of persons linked to each other by transmission of an infectious disease increasingly relies on automated algorithms. We propose cluster finding to be a two-step process: first, possible transmission clusters are identified using a cluster algorithm, second, the plausibility that the identified clusters represent genuine transmission clusters is evaluated.AimTo introduce visual tools to assess automatically identified clusters. Read More

Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2019 Mar;21(3):195-198

Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518038, China.

In countries and regions with high vaccination coverage, several vaccine-preventable diseases have been resurged in recent years, such as measles, varicella, pertussis and mumps. Some studies have found that the clinical manifestation and epidemiological characteristics of these diseases were different from those in pre-vaccine era. This article reviewed the clinical and epidemiological features of vaccine-preventable diseases before and after wide immunization implementation, focusing on the situation in China, in order to attract the attention of clinicians, raise awareness, strengthen prevention and control, and promote in-depth research for these diseases. Read More

Prev Med 2019 Mar 20;123:278-287. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Institut national de santé publique du Quebec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.

Childhood vaccination efforts in Canada have been negatively impacted by parents' vaccine hesitancy based on their knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs (KAB) about vaccinations. Less understood is the extent to which child vaccination receipt and KAB vary by parents' socioeconomic status (SES). Analyzing different age groups of children and vaccinations, we examine the extent to which (a) family SES (parent education, household income) is a determinant of Canadian parents' vaccination KAB and child vaccination receipt, and (b) whether SES was indirectly associated with receipt via KAB. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Mar 20;12(3). Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Family Medicine, Ascension Providence Hospital, Novi, Michigan, USA.

A 43-year-old previously healthy man presented to the primary care clinic with concurrent ipsilateral viral parotitis and herpes zoster ophthalmicus. The patient experienced painful swelling below the right ear as well as painful vesicles on the right forehead, eyelid and cheek in the V1 dermatomal region. There were no lesions in the oral cavity or nose. Read More

Nursing 2019 Apr;49(4):18-19

BMC Res Notes 2019 Mar 19;12(1):155. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.

Objective: Mumps-containing vaccine is currently not a component of the national immunization schedule in Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR). Mumps itself is not a notifiable disease in the country and the seroprevalence of anti-mumps immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the general population is unknown. In this study, anti-mumps IgG was measured in 2058 blood samples to evaluate population immunity in the country. Read More

Health Psychol Open 2019 Jan-Jun;6(1):2055102919833057. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany.

We investigated how recipients disentangle social and content-related cues in physicians' communication. We presented 53 students with four different statements by physicians concerning the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine. In a 2 × 2 within-subject design, we manipulated politeness and the use of technical terms. Read More

Pediatr Infect Dis J 2019 Apr;38(4):377-383

From the Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.

Background: While adverse events following immunization (AEFI) are frequent, there are limited data on the safety of reimmunizing patients who had a prior AEFI. Our objective was to estimate the rate and severity of AEFI recurrences.

Methods: We analyzed data from the AEFI passive surveillance system in Quebec, Canada, that collects information on reimmunization of patients who had a prior AEFI. Read More

Epidemiol Infect 2019 Jan;147:e109

Direction des maladies infectieuses,Santé publique France,Saint-Maurice,France.

As part of the evaluation of the French plan for the elimination of measles and rubella, we conducted a seroprevalence survey in 2013, aimed at updating seroprevalence data for people 18-32 years old. A secondary objective was to estimate measles incidence in this population during the 2009-2011 outbreak, and thus estimate the exhaustiveness of measles mandatory reporting. We used a cross-sectional survey design, targeting blood donors 18-32 years old, living in France since 2009, who came to give blood in a blood collecting site. Read More

Tohoku J Exp Med 2019 03;247(3):173-178

Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases.

Infection control in nursery schools and schools is important for community health and the health of children. In Japan, caregivers of children or students usually report the absence due to illness to their attending nurseries or schools, including symptoms and diagnosed diseases. The (Nursery) School Absenteeism Surveillance System, (N)SASSy, covers about 60% of schools and 40% of nurseries in Japan. Read More

BMC Public Health 2019 Mar 12;19(1):290. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: Herd immunity levels of vaccine uptake are still not reached in some high-income countries, usually in countries with persisting social inequities in uptake. Previous studies have focused on factors within one health care system. This study takes a broader health care systems approach by reviewing the socioeconomic distribution of vaccination coverage on the national level in light of structural and organizational differences of primary care for children. Read More

J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2019 Mar 13:1078390319831763. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

4 Lacey Eden, MS, FNP, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.

Background: Adults who suffer with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) rarely access medical care to receive preventive vaccines.

Aims: To increase the rate of vaccines among the SPMI population in an outpatient community mental health center (CMHC).

Methods: A review of the literature identified a gap between the general population and SPMI clients in receiving preventive vaccinations. Read More

Med Clin (Barc) 2019 Mar 8. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

Subdirección General de Epidemiología, Dirección General de Salud Pública de la Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, España.

Introduction: Mumps is characterised by parotid inflammation and fever and is preventable by vaccination with MMR vaccine. The objective of the study is to assess the impact and effectiveness of the vaccine.

Material And Methods: Cases notified to the Notifiable Disease System between 1998 and 2016 were used for the study. Read More

Tex Med 2019 Mar 1;115(3):47. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

More than 2,000 U.S. mumps cases occurred in 2018. Read More

Curr Opin Virol 2019 Feb 7;34:110-116. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Viral Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA. Electronic address:

The measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine has an outstanding safety record and is highly efficacious. High coverage with MMR has led to the elimination of endemic measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome in the US. The biggest challenges to global measles and rubella control and elimination are insufficient vaccination coverage globally and increasing hesitancy. Read More

Vaccine 2019 Mar 5;37(14):1905-1909. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Occupational Health Service, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Electronic address:

After treatment of an inpatient with measles, an outbreak occurred within the unprotected healthcare workers (HCW) of a regional hospital in Hesse, Germany in February and March 2017. Overall, 10 HCW contracted measles. Remarkably, none of the affected HCW had direct contact to the index patient. Read More

J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2019 Mar 8. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

GlaxoSmithKline, Rockville, Maryland.

Background: MMR II (M-M-R II [Merck & Co, Inc.]) is currently the only measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine licensed in the United States. A second MMR vaccine would mitigate the potential risk of vaccine supply shortage or delay. Read More

BMC Med Res Methodol 2019 Mar 7;19(1):51. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Centre for Health Economics Research and Modelling Infectious Diseases (CHERMID), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.

Background: Our work was motivated by the need to, given serum availability and/or financial resources, decide on which samples to test in a serum bank for different pathogens. Simulation-based sample size calculations were performed to determine the age-based sampling structures and optimal allocation of a given number of samples for testing across various age groups best suited to estimate key epidemiological parameters (e.g. Read More

Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2019 Mar 7;114:e180517. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Bio-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Background: Field testing required to license the combined measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine must take into account the current recommendation of the vaccine in Brazil: first dose at 12 months and second dose at 15 months of age in combination with a varicella vaccine.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical consistency, immunogenicity, and reactogenicity of three batches of MMR vaccine prepared with active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) from Bio-Manguinhos, Fiocruz (MMR-Bio), and compare it to a vaccine (MMR produced by GlaxoSmithKline) with different API.

Methods: This was a phase III, randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority study of the MMR-Bio administered in infants immunised at health care units in Pará, Brazil, from February 2015 to January 2016. Read More

Ann Intern Med 2019 03 5. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Statens Serum Institut and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California (M.M.).

Background: The hypothesized link between the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine and autism continues to cause concern and challenge vaccine uptake.

Objective: To evaluate whether the MMR vaccine increases the risk for autism in children, subgroups of children, or time periods after vaccination.

Design: Nationwide cohort study. Read More

Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2019 Apr;62(4):450-461

Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Bundesinstitut für Impfstoffe und biomedizinische Arzneimittel, Langen, Deutschland.

In all developed countries there is the possibility to protect oneself from vaccine-preventable diseases. However, not all individuals make use of this option. It is precisely in highly developed countries where a trend to vaccination hesitancy is noticeable, i. Read More

Indian Pediatr 2019 Feb;56(2):101-104

Mangla Hospital and Research Center, Shakti Chowk, Bijnor, Uttar Pradesh, India. Correspondence to: Dr Vipin M. Vashishtha, Director and Consultant Pediatrician, Mangla Hospital and Research Center, Shakti Chowk, Bijnor, Uttar Pradesh, 246 701, India.

Adolescent immunization is one of the important yet a neglected field in India. There is no adolescent-specific schedule in the government's Universal Immunization Program. Though a separate adolescent immunization schedule exists for the private sector, there is almost no data on the coverage rates of the adolescent vaccines. Read More

J Med Virol 2019 Feb 28. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.

Between September 2014 and December 2015, 298 sera from rash and fever patients from all over Cuba were investigated for specific IgM antibodies against measles, rubella, dengue, human parvovirus B19 (B19V) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. B19V IgM positive and equivocal samples were investigated by a polymerase chain reaction and genotyping. No measles, rubella or dengue cases were detected. Read More

Vaccine 2019 Mar 25;37(13):1725-1735. Epub 2019 Feb 25.

Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Electronic address:

Objective: To systematically review literature on uptake and timeliness of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, measles-mumps-rubella, and/or polio-containing vaccines ininfants who were born preterm, with a low birth weight, and/or with chronic health conditions that were diagnosed within the first 6 months of life.

Methods: Using a standardized search strategy developed by a medical librarian, records were extracted from MEDLINE, Embase, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, and CINAHL up to May 8, 2018.

Results: Out of the 1997 records that were screened, we identified 21 studies that met inclusion criteria. Read More

J Public Health Manag Pract 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia (Drs Marlow, Patel, and Marin); Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee (Dr Moore); and Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline, Washington (Ms DeBolt).

Context: During January 2016 to June 2017, US health departments (HDs) reported 150 mumps outbreaks. Most occurred among populations with high 2-dose measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine coverage, prompting the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices to examine the evidence for use of a third dose of MMR vaccine.

Objective: To evaluate HD experiences with mumps outbreak control and use of a third MMR dose during outbreaks. Read More

J Public Health Manag Pract 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia (Drs Pike, Marin, Routh, and Zhou); University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (Ms Schwartz and Drs Jenkins and Duchin); Public Health-Seattle & King County, Seattle, Washington (Drs Kay and Duchin); and Washington Department of Health, Olympia, Washington (Dr Perez-Osorio and Ms DeBolt).

Objectives: To estimate costs of labor and materials by the University of Washington (UW) and state and local public health departments (PHDs) to respond to the February to June 2017 UW mumps outbreak, where 42 cases were identified among students (primarily sorority and fraternity members), staff, and associated community members.

Design: We applied standard cost analysis methodology using a combined public health and university perspective to examine the cost of responding to the outbreak.

Setting: UW's Seattle campus encompasses 703 acres with approximately 32 000 undergraduate students. Read More

Int J Med Mushrooms 2018 ;20(10):935-945

Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India; Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.

Phellinus rimosus is a host-specific wood-rotting polypore that has been reported to be used by some tribes in Kerala, India, for curing mumps. We isolated a novel polysaccharide-protein complex from Ph. rimosus (PPC-Pr) that possessed significant antitumor activity. Read More

Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2019 Apr;62(4):422-432

Abteilung für Infektionsepidemiologie, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland.

The Standing Committee on Vaccination recommends adult measles and pertussis vaccination. The measles vaccine has been recommended since 2010 to adults born after 1970 with less than two doses in childhood, and an acellular pertussis vaccine (ap) since 2009 to be administered to all adults, with the next recommended decennial tetanus (T) and diphtheria (d) booster as a Tdap combination vaccine.We aim to determine the annual uptake of the measles vaccine (vaccination incidence) and its proportion in pediatric and gynecological practices as interdisciplinary services (2009-2016). Read More

Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Ministry of Health, Sofia, Bulgaria.

Measles is a disease with almost a hundred year history of existing registration in Bulgaria and has been subject to mass immunization since 1969. In 2017, after a three-year period with a low number of measles cases registered, an epidemic upsurge has been recorded affecting 3 of the total 28 regions in the country. The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes of measles morbidity in Bulgaria over the period of 1921-2017 and focus on the epidemiological characteristics of the last outbreak in the region of Plovdiv in 2017. Read More

Structure 2019 Apr 21;27(4):660-668.e4. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address:

Nipah virus is a highly lethal zoonotic pathogen found in Southeast Asia that has caused human encephalitis outbreaks with 40%-70% mortality. NiV encodes its own RNA-dependent RNA polymerase within the large protein, L. Efficient polymerase activity requires the phosphoprotein, P, which tethers L to its template, the viral nucleocapsid. Read More

Vaccine 2019 Mar 20;37(13):1775-1784. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

The development and wide-spread use of mumps vaccine resulted in a dramatic and sustained decrease in the incidence of mumps disease; however, since 2000, an increase in the size and number of mumps outbreaks in the United States and other countries has sparked renewed interest in the durability of mumps-specific immunity elicited by mumps vaccination. The most likely explanation for mumps cases in previously immunized persons may be secondary vaccine failure, or waning immunity. In the current study, we examined changes in markers of measles and mumps immunity at two timepoints, approximately 7 and 17 years after two-dose MMR-II® vaccination, in a cohort of 98 healthy adults. Read More

Immunol Cell Biol 2019 Feb 21. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.

It is proposed that measles-containing vaccines have immunomodulatory effects which include a reduction in all-cause childhood mortality. The antibody response to heterologous vaccines provides a means to explore these immunomodulatory effects. This is the first study to investigate the influence of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine on the persistence of antibodies to a broad range of heterologous infant vaccinations given in the first year of life. Read More

J Public Health Manag Pract 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia (Drs Marlow, Marin, and Patel); and Tennessee Immunization Program, Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, Tennessee (Dr Moore).

Context: In response to numerous mumps outbreaks reported throughout the United States in 2016 and 2017, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended a third dose of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine for groups of persons determined by public health authorities to be at increased risk for acquiring mumps because of an outbreak.

Objective: To provide guidance for health departments when implementing the ACIP recommendation.

Design: Draft guidance was developed by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention subject matter experts based on technical consultations with health departments and review of published and unpublished data regarding mumps outbreaks. Read More

Hum Vaccin Immunother 2019 Feb 20:1-14. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

a See Contributors section.

In many countries, a second dose of a combined measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended at 4-6 years of age - similarly to the booster of diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, and inactivated polio vaccine (DTaP-IPV) and the second dose of varicella vaccine (VV). Vaccine co-administration is generally encouraged if no interferences exist among the vaccines. This phase IIIa, randomized, controlled trial (NCT01621802) evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of MMR-RIT (Priorix, GSK) when given as a second dose with or without co-administration of DTaP-IPV and VV, using MMR II (M-M-R II, Merck & Co Inc. Read More

Hum Vaccin Immunother 2019 Feb 19:1-4. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

a Department of Biomedicine and Prevention , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy.

Health Care Workers (HCWs) have an increased risk of contracting contagious disease, including mumps. In January 2017 the Italian National Vaccine Prevention Plan 2017-2019, recommended the administration of a dose of MMR vaccine (Measles-Mumps-Rubella) to the Health Care Workers (HCWs) that, working in a risky environment, did not carry out the complete vaccination cycle of MMR or that are seronegative for at least one of the three vaccine viruses. In October of the same year, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended a third dose of a vaccine containing Mumps Virus for people previously vaccinated with 2 doses, belonging to a group or to a population at increased risk of acquire mumps in the event of an epidemic. Read More

Hum Vaccin Immunother 2019 Feb 19:1-6. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

c Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics , School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China.

In 2016, an outbreak of mumps occurred in a primary school in China with a student population having high vaccination coverage. An unmatched case-control study was performed to identify risk factors contributing to this outbreak, and a retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of mumps-containing vaccine (MuCV). A total of 97 cases were identified during the outbreak, and the overall attack rate was 8. Read More

Indian Dermatol Online J 2019 Jan-Feb;10(1):19-26

Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India.

Background: Most therapeutic modalities for common warts remain unsatisfactory.

Objectives: To evaluate efficacy and safety of intralesional MMR (measles, mumps, rubella virus) vaccine in the treatment of common warts in adults.

Patients And Methods: There were 110 (M:F = 61:49) patients aged 19-62 years having 1-211 warts over dorsal hands, feet, palms, soles, and periungual skin for 1-252 months. Read More