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Yonsei Med J 2019 Jan;60(1):98-105

Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: The disease entity mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is characterized by an early onset of stroke-like episodes. MELAS is the most dominant subtype of mitochondrial disease. Molecular genetic testing is important in the diagnosis of MELAS. Read More

Yonsei Med J 2019 Jan;60(1):79-87

Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.

Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the anti-pancreatic fibrosis effects of matrine in rats.

Materials And Methods: Trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid was administrated to rats to establish a pancreatic fibrosis model. Rats were divided into four groups: Control, Sham, Model, and Matrine (n=8). Read More

Yonsei Med J 2019 Jan;60(1):38-47

Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.

Purpose: -infected gastric cancer (GC) is known to be a fatal malignant tumor, but the molecular mechanisms underlying its proliferation, invasion, and migration remain far from being completely understood. Our aim in this study was to explore miR-1915 expression and its molecular mechanisms in regulating proliferation, invasion, and migration of -infected GC cells.

Materials And Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analysis were performed to determine miR-1915 and receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) expression in -infected GC tissues and gastritis tissues, as well as human gastric mucosal cell line GES-1 and human GC cell lines SGC-7901 and MKN45. Read More

J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018 Dec 16. Epub 2018 Dec 16.

Kearney Lab, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin 2, Ireland.

Collagen-glycosaminoglycan (CG) scaffolds have been widely developed for a range of regenerative medicine applications. To enhance their efficacy, CG scaffolds have previously been pre-vascularised in vitro using human endothelial cells and mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC); however, at later time-points, a regression of vascularisation is observed. This is undesirable for longer pre-culture periods (e. Read More

Mol Ecol Resour 2018 Dec 16. Epub 2018 Dec 16.

Museum of Southwestern Biology and Department of Biology, MSC03 2020, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131-0001, USA.

Avian malaria and related haemosporidians (Plasmodium, [Para]Haemoproteus, and Leucocytoozoon) represent an exciting multi-host, multi-parasite system in ecology and evolution. Global research in this field accelerated after 1) the publication in 2000 of PCR protocols to sequence a haemosporidian mitochondrial (mtDNA) barcode, and 2) the development in 2009 of an open-access database to document the geographic and host ranges of parasite mtDNA haplotypes. Isolating haemosporidian nuclear DNA from bird hosts, however, has been technically challenging, slowing the transition to genomic-scale sequencing techniques. Read More

Transbound Emerg Dis 2018 Dec 16. Epub 2018 Dec 16.

Department of Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.

Many viruses that cause serious and often fatal disease in humans have spilled over from bats. Recent evidence suggests that stress may enhance virus shedding by bats increasing the possibility of transmission to other species. To understand the reasons for spillover it is therefore important to determine the molecular pathways that link stress to virus reactivation and shedding in bats. Read More

Transbound Emerg Dis 2018 Dec 16. Epub 2018 Dec 16.

National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.

African swine fever (ASF) is a devastating disease of pigs. Without a vaccine, early detection and rapid diagnosis of ASF is a crucial step towards effective disease control. In many countries where ASF is endemic, laboratory infrastructure including sampling and sample shipment is inadequate, and a rapid laboratory confirmation would require that the diagnosis is performed at regional laboratories close to the pig farms of concern, or even at the farm-side. Read More

J Appl Microbiol 2018 Dec 16. Epub 2018 Dec 16.

Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET). Los Reseros y Nicolas Repetto (1686), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Aims: Lignocellulosic biomass deconstruction is a bottleneck for obtaining biofuels and value-added products. Our main goal was to characterize the secretome of a novel isolate, Cellulomonas sp. B6, when grown on residual biomass for the formulation of cost-efficient enzymatic cocktails. Read More

Head Neck 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Background: Gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia (GDD) is a rare skeletal disorder that has not been well studied.

Methods: Sanger sequencing, whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and bioinformatics and structural modeling analyses were performed.

Results: A family with patients with fibro-osseous lesions of the jawbones were initially diagnosed with cherubism. Read More

Exp Dermatol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Institute of Immunology/Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.

Orf virus (Parapoxvirus ovis, ORFV) is a dermatotropic virus causing pustular dermatitis in small ruminants and humans. We analyzed isolated human primary keratinocytes (KC) and dermal fibroblasts (FB) for cell death and virus replication by infection with a patient-derived ORFV isolate. ORFV infection was associated with rapid induction of cell death in KC allowing for considerable virus removal. Read More

Head Neck 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Background: Recommendations for perioperative therapy in head and neck cancer are not explicit and recurrence occurs frequently. Circulating tumor DNA is an emerging cancer biomarker, but has not been extensively explored for detection of recurrence in head and neck cancer.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma were recruited into the study protocol. Read More

J Oral Pathol Med 2018 Dec 16. Epub 2018 Dec 16.

Department of Pathology, Basic Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais-UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Background: Benign neoplasms exhibit most of the cellular phenomena considered hallmarks of cancer, except the capacity to metastasize. Thus, the elucidation of the mechanisms associated with the progression of benign neoplasms may complement and clarify the mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis. Benign odontogenic tumours often result in facial deformities and morbidities, and have complex pathogenesis, mainly due to the diversity of interactions between the odontogenic epithelium and the ectomesenchyme. Read More

Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2018 Nov 22. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University (WMU), Wakayama, Japan.

Development of external genitalia and perineum is the subject of developmental biology as well as toxicology and teratology researches. Cloaca forms in the lower (caudal) end of endoderm. Such endodermal epithelia and surrounding mesenchyme interact with various signals to form the external genitalia. Read More

Eur J Neurosci 2018 Dec 16. Epub 2018 Dec 16.

Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA.

The gut microbiota has recently gained attention as a possible modulator of brain activity. A number of reports suggest that the microbiota may be associated with neuropsychiatric conditions such as major depressive disorder, autism, and anxiety. The gut microbiota is thought to influence the brain via vagus nerve signaling, among other possible mechanisms. Read More

Exp Dermatol 2018 Dec 16. Epub 2018 Dec 16.

Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.

Sunburn causes inflammation, which increases melanin production in skin and causes hyperpigmentation. Angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTL) 2 is an inflammatory mediator induced in sun-exposed skin areas. However, whether ANGPTL2 functions in melanin production remains unclear. Read More

Exp Dermatol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.

Tyrosinase is a key enzyme that catalyzes the initial rate-limiting steps of melanin synthesis. Due to its critical role in melanogenesis, various attempts were made to find potent tyrosinase inhibitors although many were not safe and effective in vivo. We evaluated tyrosinase inhibitory activity of six compounds. Read More

Eur J Neurosci 2018 Dec 16. Epub 2018 Dec 16.

Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E5, Canada.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading major cause of morbidity and mortality in youth and individuals under 45 year age. A wide variety of cellular and molecular mechanisms have been identified contributing to the pathogenesis of TBI. A better understanding of the pathophysiology behind TBI is essential for providing more effective treatment. Read More

Cell Mol Neurobiol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base For TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.

Retinoic acid-induced 14 is a developmentally regulated gene induced by retinoic acid and is closely associated with NIK/NF-κB signaling. In the present study, we examined the effect of RAI14 on mTOR-mediated glial inflammation in response to inflammatory factors and chemical ischemia. A U87 cell model of LPS- and TNF-α-induced inflammation was used to investigate the role of RAI14 in glial inflammation. Read More

Pediatr Nephrol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.

Proper renal function relies on the tightly regulated development of nephrons and collecting ducts. This process, known as tubulogenesis, involves dynamic cellular and molecular changes that instruct cells to form highly organized tubes of epithelial cells which compartmentalize the renal interstitium and tubular lumen via assembly of a selective barrier. The integrity and diversity of the various renal epithelia is achieved via formation of intercellular protein complexes along the apical-basal axis of the epithelial cells. Read More

Neurol Sci 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy.

Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are genetic disorders due to mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in the neuromuscular junction structure and function. CMS usually present in young children, but perinatal and adult onset has been reported. Clinical presentation is highly heterogeneous, ranging from mild symptoms to severe manifestations, sometimes with life-threatening respiratory episodes, especially in the first decade of life. Read More

Neurol Sci 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.

Objective: The hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9orf72 is an associated genetic cause in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). In the "ALS/FTD" spectrum prevails clinical heterogeneity and an in vivo knowledge of the underling brain dysfunction in patients carrying C9orf72 mutation remain limited and only described at group level. The study aimed to assess the brain metabolic alterations characterizing patients with C9orf72 mutation using FDG-PET in single individuals. Read More

Acta Neurol Belg 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Department of Molecular biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Armeiska 11 str, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.

IL-12-family cytokines play a pivotal role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The aim of the study was to evaluate whether two polymorphisms in IL12B gene, rs17860508 and rs3212227, are associated with RRMS, and to define their function effect on serum level of IL-12p40 and IL-23 and degree of disability in RRMS cases. In total 156 Bulgarian patients with Expanded Disability Status Scale score ranging from 1. Read More

Acta Neurol Belg 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 046, India.

Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder and the cause of autism is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of socioeconomic, environmental, pregnancy and newborn-related risk factors among children with autism spectrum disorders. This was a population-based case-control study. Read More

Endocrine 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy.

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is an emerging cause of skeletal fragility. Mechanism of bone damage are probably multifactorial in line with the different skeletal phenotypes that can be found in clinical practice. A structured approach to clinical management of bone metabolic complication in EDS is proposed. Read More

Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.

Combining bortezomib with other anti-cancer drugs or glucocorticoids is more efficient in multiple myeloma than bortezomib alone. However, the molecular mechanism of this beneficial effect is largely unknown. To investigate the effects of these compounds on bortezomib's anti-proliferative potency and its intracellular accumulation and potency to inhibit the chymotrypsin-like proteasomal subunit, seven myeloma cell lines were investigated after exposure to bortezomib alone or either combined with adriamycin plus dexamethasone (PAD regimen) or melphalan plus prednisolone (VMP regimen), respectively. Read More

Adv Ther 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Analytical Method Development Team, Samsung Bioepis Co., Ltd., Incheon, South Korea.

Introduction: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) inhibitors, such as adalimumab, have shown success in treating autoimmune inflammatory diseases but are associated with substantial financial burdens to the healthcare system. Biosimilars, which are highly similar to biologic agents, offer the potential to reduce the financial burden of treatment. In the case of TNF-alpha inhibitors, they may also offer improved stability and enable prolonged use. Read More

Eat Weight Disord 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.

Purpose: Oxidized LDL cholesterol (oxLDL) has been considered as a sensor of oxidative stress (OS) in childhood obesity. We integrated and related our oxLDL existing results previously assessed in overweight/obese children to lifestyle variables to investigate OS-related lifestyle variables.

Methods: 178 Caucasian children/adolescents have been evaluated and according to BMI percentiles have been classified as normal weight (BMI < 75th); overweight (BMI 75-97th) and obese (BMI > 97th). Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.

Organic matter (OM), a complex entity with diverse functional groups and molecular sizes, has important effects on aquatic systems. We studied the optical compositions and sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and particulate organic matter (POM) in Lake Taihu, a large, shallow and eutrophic lake in China. Significant differences in optical compositions and sources occurred between the POM and DOM. Read More

Mol Biol Rep 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

School of Arts and Sciences, St. Bonaventure University, St. Bonaventure, New York, 14778, USA.

A rapidly growing area of interest in biomedical science involves the reciprocal crosstalk between the sensory nervous and immune systems. Both of these systems are highly integrated, detecting potential environmental harms and restoring homeostasis. Many different cytokines, receptors, neuropeptides, and other proteins are involved in this bidirectional communication that are common to both systems. Read More

Mol Biol Rep 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.

In this paper we report the isolation and taxonomic characterization of exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing bacteria followed by the role of EPS in conferring acid tolerance to the soil bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens p16. The role of EPS in promoting soil aggregation is also presented. A total of 75 isolates were tested for acid tolerance and biofilm production under acid stress of which, 54 isolates were further tested for EPS production. Read More

Mycopathologia 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Grupo de Investigación Dermatológica, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Carrera 51D No. 62-29, Oficina 303, Edificio Manuel Uribe Angel, Medellín, Colombia.

Background: Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis that affects humans and other animals. Infection prevails in tropical and subtropical countries. Until a few years ago, it was considered that two varieties of Sporothrix schenckii caused this mycosis, but by applying molecular taxonomic markers, it has been demonstrated that there are several cryptic species within S. Read More

J Fluoresc 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Computational Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, 80832, Mauritius.

Comparative study of nonlinear optical properties of red fluorescent coumarins was carried out with density functional theory based ab initio method using the popular global hybrid (GH) and range separated hybrid (RSH) functionals and correlated with the spectroscopic values. The GHs - M06 L, PBE1PBE, M06, BHHLYP, M062X and M06HF and RSHs - HISSbPBE, wB97, wB97X, HSEH1PBE, CAM-B3LYP and wB97XD in combination with the double zeta basis function 6-311 + G(d,p) were used. The computed polarizability (α), hyperpolarizability of the first order (β) and second order (γ) computed by the RSHs are closer to the spectroscopic values compared to GHs. Read More

World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018 Dec 15;35(1). Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Department of Microbiology, Severo Ochoa (C6) building, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.

Flor yeasts confer a wide range of organoleptic properties to Sherry-type wines during a process called "biological aging" that takes place after alcoholic fermentation. These kinds of yeasts adapt to a biological aging condition by forming a biofilm known as "flor velum" and by changing from fermentative to oxidative metabolism. It has been reported that some functions such as increase of cell surface hydrophobicity or changes to lipid metabolism are enhanced when yeasts switch to biofilm lifestyle. Read More

World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018 Dec 15;35(1). Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada (IMBA), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña Nº 352, (B1876BXD), Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

In the present study, we evaluated the transcriptional response of four stress-related genes in three Oenococcus oeni strains after acclimation at two different temperatures. Gene expression was analyzed at time zero and after 48 h acclimation at 18 and 21 °C. After the acclimation period cells were inoculated into sterile Pinot noir wine and MLF was followed for 25 days to investigate if different acclimation temperatures could influence cell survival and MLF performance. Read More

J Mol Model 2018 Dec 15;25(1). Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Rosales y Luis Encinas s/n, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.

We report results of a molecular dynamics simulation study of the effect of one general anesthetic, halothane, on some properties of mixed DPPC/DPPE phospholipid membranes. This is a suitable model for the study of simple, two-phospholipid membrane systems. From the simulation runs, we determined several membrane properties for five different molecular proportions of DPPC/DPPE. Read More

Mikrochim Acta 2018 Dec 15;186(1):22. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.

A star-shaped molecularly imprinted coating was prepared starting from octavinyl-modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (Ov-POSS). It possesses a relatively open structure and has good site accessibility and a larger capacity even at lower cross-linking. The imprinted coating was prepared from S-amlodipine (S-AML) as the template and analyte, Ov-POSS as the cross-linker, and methacrylic acid as the functional monomer. Read More

Ann Ig 2019 Jan-Feb;31(1):13-20

Hygiene and Health Organization, Hospital "Careggi", Florence, Italy.

Background: Flexible bronchoscopes are heat labile, complex and difficult to clean, and some nosocomial outbreaks related to bronchoscopy have been reported in literature. The aim of our study was to determine, through a systematic monitoring, whether bronchoscopes' cleaning and disinfection procedures have been correctly adopted by health operators.

Methods: We conducted a 19 months-long prospective study in the Unit of Pulmonology at Careggi Teaching Hospital (Florence, Italy), analyzing endoscopes that were reprocessed through a high-level disinfection procedure. Read More

Digestion 2018 Dec 14;99(1):59-65. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.

Background And Aim: The incidence of gastric cancer occurring after successful Helicobacter pylori eradication has been increasing. We aimed to clarify the influence of eradication therapy on the ability to diagnose early gastric cancer after successful H. pylori eradication in patients who underwent annual endoscopic screening. Read More

Digestion 2018 Dec 14;99(1):39-45. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Background: Liquid biopsy is a collective term that refers to the analysis of tumor-derived biomarkers isolated from biological fluids of cancer patients. Recently, many authors reported the usefulness of liquid biopsy for the management of malignancy. Summary and Key Messages: The peripheral blood of cancer patients is a pool of cells and/or cell products derived from the primary or metastatic tumor, including circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating free (cf) DNA or RNA, and exosomes containing proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Read More

Nephron 2018 Dec 14;141(2):1-14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ Systems Cluster, KU Leuven, Leuven,

Mutations in the CTNS gene encoding the lysosomal membrane cystine transporter cystinosin are the cause of cystinosis, an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease. More than 140 CTNS mutations have been reported worldwide. Recent studies have discovered that cystinosin exerts other key cellular functions beyond cystine transport such as regulation of oxidative state, lysosomal dynamics and autophagy. Read More

Digestion 2018 Dec 14;99(1):6-13. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation of Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.

Background: The incidence trend of esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinoma in Japan has not been sufficiently investigated. Little is known about the microsatellite instability (MSI) status of this tumor.

Summary: Previously published studies analyzing the trend of EGJ adenocarcinoma in Japan were reviewed. Read More

Respiration 2018 Dec 14:1-7. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Center for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg,

Background: Transbronchial cryobiopsy (cTBB) may offer an alternative to surgical lung biopsy (SLB) for histopathological diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). However, real-life experience is limited, although case series are increasingly reported.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the value of cTBB performed under real-life conditions in a tertiary care center for ILDs. Read More

Digestion 2018 Dec 14;99(1):33-38. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan.

Background: Colorectal cancers (CRCs) develop through the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. In addition to the well-characterized adenoma-carcinoma sequence, the serrated neoplasia pathway is now recognized as an alternative pathway for CRC development.

Summary: Through analysis of the colonoscopic, pathological, and molecular features of colorectal tumors, we identified a novel microsurface structure characteristic of serrated lesions. Read More

J Neurosurg 2018 Dec 14:1-11. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

OBJECTIVEIntraoperative molecular imaging with tumor-targeted fluorescent dyes can enhance resection rates. In contrast to visible-light fluorophores (e.g. Read More

G3 (Bethesda) 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.

Molecular mapping of crown rust resistance genes is important to effectively utilize these genes and improve breeding efficiency through marker-assisted selection. is a major race-specific crown rust resistance gene initially identified in the wild hexaploid oat in the early 1970s. This gene was transferred to cultivated oat () and has been used as a differential for identification of crown rust races since 1974. Read More

J Biol Chem 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Structural Biology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Australia.

The membrane-associated RING-CH (MARCH) family of membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin ligases regulates the levels of cell-surface membrane proteins, many of which are involved in immune responses. Although their role in ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis and degradation of cell-surface proteins is extensively documented, the features of MARCH proteins and their substrates that drive the molecular recognition events leading to ubiquitin transfer remain poorly defined. In this study, we sought to determine the features of human MARCH9 that are required for regulating the surface levels of its substrate proteins. Read More

Thorax 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Introduction: Skeletal muscle dysfunction is a clinically important complication of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), a prognostic marker in PAH, has been associated with muscle loss in other conditions. We aimed to define the associations of GDF-15 and muscle wasting in PAH, to assess its utility as a biomarker of muscle loss and to investigate its downstream signalling pathway as a therapeutic target. Read More

Eur J Med Chem 2018 Dec 7;163:560-568. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China. Electronic address:

It is urgently necessary to develop more effective anti-influenza agents due to the continuous emergence of drug-resistant strains of influenza virus. Our earlier studies have identified that certain pentacyclic triterpene derivatives are effective inhibitors of influenza virus infection. In the present study, a series of C-28 modified pentacyclic triterpene derivatives via conjugation with a series of polyphenols were synthesized, and their antiviral activities against influenza A/WSN/33 (H1N1) virus in MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney) cells were evaluated. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2018 Dec 13;110:825-833. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China. Electronic address:

Background: The long noncoding RNA colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) was reported to be involved in the initiation and development of multiple cancers. However, the detailed biological role of CRNDE in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains largely unclear. Herein, we aimed to explore the biological function and underlying molecular mechanism of CRNDE in NSCLC. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2018 Dec 13;110:775-785. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Molecular Medicine Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address:

Angiogenesis is a critical step in the progression of almost all human malignancies and some other life-threatening diseases. Anti-angiogenic therapy is a novel and effective approach for treatment of angiogenesis-dependent diseases such as cancer, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration. In this article, we will review the main strategies developed for anti-angiogenic therapies beside their clinical applications, the major challenges, and the latest advances in the development of anti-angiogenesis-based targeted therapies. Read More