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Neurol Sci 2022 Mar 11;43(3):1659-1666. Epub 2022 Jan 11.

Zhujiang Hospital (The Second School of Clinical Medicine), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.

Background: Vestibular migraine (VM) is considered the most common cause of spontaneous episodic vertigo and the second most common cause of vertigo. However, without a biomarker or a complete understanding of the pathophysiology, VM remains underrecognized and underdiagnosed. Therefore, definite diagnostic criteria are urgently needed. Read More

Acta Neurol Belg 2021 Aug 9. Epub 2021 Aug 9.

Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.

Background: Vestibular migraine (VM) commonly causes episodic vertigo/dizziness; however, its clinical features are unknown. Based on the evidence that central sensitization is related to VM pathogenesis, we hypothesized that cutaneous allodynia is frequently associated with patients with VM compared with patients without VM. This study aims to (1) elucidate the clinical features of patients with VM and (2) evaluate whether patients with VM were more frequently associated with cutaneous allodynia than patients without VM. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2021 May 11;57(5). Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška Cesta 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

: Numerous authors have reported that the commonest type of vertigo in children is migraine-associated vertigo (vestibular migraine and benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood-BPV). We aimed to provide the possible etiological background of vertigo and dizziness in Slovenian children. : A retrospective case series of pediatric vertigo and dizziness children referred to the tertiary pediatric otorhinolaryngology center from 2015 to 2020. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2021 Jul 11;146:110761. Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Otorhinolarynglogy Unit IV, Christian Medical College Vellore, Ida Scudder Road, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632004, India.

Introduction: Pediatric dizziness is an uncommon complaint presenting to the Otolaryngology clinic. While the term dizziness may be used to describe any altered sensation of orientation to the environment which includes presyncope, light-headedness and ataxia, vertigo refers to a false sensation of motion of self or surroundings. Although a variety of etiologies are known to cause dizziness and vertigo, evaluation of this symptom becomes challenging in children who are unable to clearly explain what they experience, the provoking factors, associated symptoms and the duration of attacks. Read More

Expert Rev Neurother 2021 05 6;21(5):503-516. Epub 2021 Apr 6.

Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO-Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research - Pfizer/University of Granada/Junta De Andalucía, Granada, PTS, Spain.

: Vestibular migraine (VM) is a complex disease characterized by recurrent episodes of migraine associated with vertigo attacks that are observed in 1-3% of the general population. Given its high prevalence and the impact on the health system, it is important to characterize these patients, in order to offer an accurate diagnosis and a proper treatment. As the diagnosis of VM is based on clinical features, the study of potential biomarkers has gained more interest in the last years, to improve the precision in the diagnosis of this disease. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Feb 2;279(2):713-721. Epub 2021 Mar 2.

Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Lariboisière University Hospital, Paris, France.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the rate of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) on MRI and the rate of otolithic dysfunction with cVEMP and oVEMP, in patients with recurrent vertigo such as Menière's disease (MD), vestibular migraine (VM) and vestibular Menière's disease (vMD).

Methods: In this retrospective study, we performed 3D-FLAIR sequences with delayed acquisition in 20 MD, 20 VM and 20 vMD patients. Each subject was then assessed for the presence of EH on MRI. Read More

Turk J Med Sci 2020 12 17;50(8):1951-1954. Epub 2020 Dec 17.

Department of Pediatrics, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

Background/aim: Vertigo is one of the rarely diagnosed disorders during childhood due to insufficient description of the children regarding their experiences to the physicians. The clinical features of children and adolescents admitted by acute vertigo symptoms were investigated to elaborate the subject retrospectively.

Materials And Methods: BetweenJanuary 2017–July 2019, records of cases admitted with acute vertigo complaints to pediatric neurology were retrospectively examined. Read More

J Gen Fam Med 2020 Jul 11;21(4):140-142. Epub 2020 Mar 11.

Development of Community Healthcare Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine Aomori Japan.

A 35-year-old woman presented with recurrent vertigo without headache, which had persisted for 10 years. Detailed medical history revealed that she experienced hearing loss, tinnitus, nausea, photophobia, phonophobia, and slight discomfort in the head during vertigo attacks, which often led to absence from work. Based on the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders, third edition, she was diagnosed with vestibular migraine and was prescribed lomerizine, as prophylaxis. Read More

Expert Rev Neurother 2020 09 9;20(9):943-951. Epub 2020 Jul 9.

Headache Department, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran.

Introduction: Despite the available prophylactic and acute drugs for migraine management, this disabling disorder remains undertreated especially among pediatrics. In this review, the authors aim at assessing the preventive role cinnarizine plays in treating migraine based on previously published studies.

Areas Covered: Randomized clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, non-randomized open-label trials, and retrospective studies concerning cinnarizine in migraine prevention in children and adults were reviewed. Read More

Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2020 Aug 23;53(4):617-626. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794, USA. Electronic address:

The search for an effective medication that will eliminate tinnitus has a long history. Currently, no drugs exist that universally cure tinnitus. Pharmacologic interventions that have been investigated can be divided into those that attempt to eliminate the perception of tinnitus, and those that are designed to treat the negative comorbidities associated with tinnitus, thereby mitigating tinnitus' negative impact on quality of life. Read More

Semin Neurol 2020 Feb 14;40(1):76-82. Epub 2020 Jan 14.

Department of Neurology and Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Ronald Regan Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.

Vestibular migraine (VM), also known as migrainous vertigo or migraine-associated vertigo, is characterized by recurrent vestibular attacks often accompanied by migraine headaches and other migraine symptoms. It is one of the most common presenting complaints to physicians in primary care, otolaryngology, and neurology. Epidemiologic data suggest that VM may affect 1 to 3% of the general population and 10 to 30% of patients seeking treatment for dizziness. Read More

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019 ;119(6):128-136

Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia.

The review considers the results of domestic and foreign studies of modern neurophysiological diagnosis of vestibular disorders in migraine and epilepsy. Currently, there is a large number of physiological and clinical methods to evaluate the functions of the peripheral and central parts of the vestibular sensory system. However, among the tests, the samples for the assessment of the physiological state of horizontal semicircular canals and associated stem canals predominate. Read More

Can J Neurol Sci 2019 09 1;46(5):512-517. Epub 2019 Jul 1.

Seton Hall University/Saint Francis Medical Center, Neuroscience Institute, Trenton, NJ, USA.

Background: Migraine is a common disorder most typically presenting as headache and often associated with vertigo and motion sickness. It is a genetically complex condition with multiple genes ultimately contributing to the predisposition and development of this episodic neurological disorder. We identified a large American family of 29 individuals of which 17 members suffered from at least one of these disorders, migraine, vertigo, or motion sickness. Read More

Orv Hetil 2019 Jun;160(25):967-972

Fül-Orr-Gégészeti és Fej-, Nyaksebészeti Klinika, Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Klinikai Központ Pécs, Munkácsy M. u. 2., 7621.

The existence of cervical vertigo is still a question under debate. The basic hypothesis of the disease is that the abnormalities of the neck cause dizziness. The name itself is not accurate, as on the basis of the descriptions we cannot talk about true vertigo. Read More

J Neuroophthalmol 2019 06;39(2):208-219

Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics (SCB), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.

Background: Vestibular migraine (VM) is the most common neurologic cause of vertigo in adults and results in significant utilization of health care resources, but remains under-recognized and underdiagnosed.

Evidence Acquisition: Review of literature in PubMed using the following terms: vestibular migraine, migraine-associated vertigo, vertiginous migraine, benign recurrent vertigo, migraine-associated dizziness, migraine, migraine treatment, Meniere disease (MD), vertebrobasilar ischemia (VBI), posterior circulation stroke, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, and episodic-ataxia Type 2 (EA2).

Results: VM can manifest with a variety of vestibular symptoms, including spontaneous vertigo, triggered vertigo, positional vertigo, and head-motion dizziness. Read More

Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2019 15;82:119-126. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

This chapter is a brief overview of migraine associated vertigo (MAV), focusing on the points most relevant to the practicing clinician. We review the definition of MAV, theories regarding its underlying pathophysiology, clinical presentation, epidemiology, findings on physical examination and oto vestibular testing, differential diagnosis, management and prognosis. Read More

Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2018 Jul 30;22(4):667-673. Epub 2018 Mar 30.

Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.

Introduction: Migraine variant disorders of childhood include benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy (BPTI) and benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood (BPVC). This study aimed to review our experience with BPTI and BPVC and determine the incidence of children transitioning between each of these disorders and to vestibular migraine (VM).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients seen at the Balance and Vestibular Program at Boston Children's Hospital between January 2012 and December 2016 who were diagnosed with BPTI, BPVC, and/or VM. Read More

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018;118(3):97-102

Russian Scientific Center for Medical Rehabilitation and Balneology, Moscow, Russia.

Cervical vertigo (CV) hasn't yet been recognized by many neurologists, as it has no specific clinical symptoms and reliable diagnostic criteria. However, over the past 150 years, there has been accumulated numerous experimental and clinical evidence to support the legitimacy of CV allocation as a separate nosology. This review presents data regarding the vertigo associated with neck pathology: possible evidence of CV existence and the description of its type as well. Read More

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017 Dec 4;69(4):563-567. Epub 2017 Feb 4.

Department of ENT and Head-Neck Surgery, Hinduja Sindhi Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560027 India.

Migraine related vertigo (MRV) is largely accepted in the vestibular community and probably represents the second most common cause of vertigo after benign positional vertigo by far exceeding Meniere's disease. The data on vestibular migraine management is still relatively poor, despite its enormous importance in daily practice. A 55-year old male presented with history of giddiness, imbalance, sweating and sensation of nausea with severe pulsating headache of one day duration. Read More

Curr Treat Options Neurol 2017 Sep 30;19(11):38. Epub 2017 Sep 30.

Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, 900 Walnut St Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.

Opinion Statement: Vestibular migraine (VM) is a disorder with a spectrum of clinical presentations and among the most common causes of chronic vestibular symptoms. Some present with attacks before or during typical migraine, but many others have fluctuating or daily symptoms. While the symptoms and pathogenesis of vestibular migraine may have elements of both central and peripheral disorders, hearing loss should be absent. Read More

J Clin Med Res 2017 Sep 27;9(9):733-744. Epub 2017 Jul 27.

Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montreal University Hospital Center (CHUM), University of Montreal; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

The diagnosis of Meniere's disease (MD) and vestibular migraine (VM) is primarily based on clinical criteria and their differentiation is often difficult. Currently, there are no known definitive diagnostic tests that can reliably distinguish the two conditions. Patients with MD and patients with VM are treated differently, therefore improving the diagnosis of these two pathologies should avoid errors in management. Read More

J Laryngol Otol 2017 Jun 2;131(6):508-513. Epub 2017 Mar 2.

Department of Surgery,Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery,Pennsylvania State University,College of Medicine,Hershey,USA.

Background: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and migraine-associated dizziness are common. The prevalence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo seems to be higher in patients with migraine-associated dizziness than in those without migraine.

Methods: A database of 508 patients seen at the primary author's balance clinic was analysed to determine the prevalence of migraine, as defined by International Headache Society criteria, in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2016 12;20(23):4913-4917

Neurology Department 2, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China.

Objective: To study the impact of migraine-associated vertigo (MV) on the cognitive state of patients and their quality of life.

Patients And Methods: A total of 120 patients were enrolled in the study, including 40 diagnosed with MV, forty with a simple migraine and 40 healthy volunteers. Cognitive assessments were done using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), and a battery of tests for cognitive functions in performance, memory, language, space and attention during interictal periods. Read More

Headache 2017 Mar 2;57(3):455-459. Epub 2016 Dec 2.

Department of Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Objective: To use modern high-resolution inner ear imaging modalities to evaluate for endolymphatic hydrops (EH) in a patient with migraine-associated fluctuating hearing loss without vertigo spells or dizziness.

Background: EH has been well described in patients with Meniere's disease on both human temporal bone studies and modern high-resolution imaging; however, there is no study to date, to our knowledge, that examines the presence of EH in a patient with migraine and bilateral hearing loss. We present the MRI findings using a sequence for detecting EH in a unique case of a patient experiencing migraine headaches accompanied by fluctuating hearing loss without vertigo. Read More

Otol Neurotol 2016 12;37(10):1614-1619

*Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary†Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School‡Department of Audiology§Eaton Peabody Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Massachusetts.

Objective: To assess the cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) ability to track disease progression in Ménière's disease patients over time and identify the most sensitive outcome measurement.

Study Design: Retrospective.

Setting: Large specialty hospital, department of otolaryngology. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2016 Nov 9;273(11):3567-3572. Epub 2016 Mar 9.

Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, National Hospital Abuja, Plot 132, Central area, Garki (Phase II), Abuja, Nigeria.

The clinician's major role in management of the dizzy patient involves determining what dizziness is vertigo, and what vertigo is of central or peripheral origin. These demand attention to details of history, otolaryngological workup including vestibular assessment, and often use of diagnostic and management algorithms. There is paucity of published reports of the management outcomes of peripheral vestibular diseases from Africa. Read More

Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2016 Jan 22;20(1):85-92. Epub 2015 Oct 22.

Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Objective: Epidemiologic studies have shown Vestibular migraine (VM) to be the most common cause of vertigo in children, but little is known about the typical presentation and response to treatment of this disorder in the pediatric population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic features and response to therapy of VM in children managed at a pediatric vestibular clinic.

Methods: Twenty-eight patients ≤18 years old with a diagnosis of VM were identified from 208 patients seen at the Balance and Vestibular Program at Boston Children's Hospital from July 2012-July 2014, after excluding 12 patients with a history of major otologic or neurologic surgery, recent concussion, or additional vestibular disorders. Read More

Headache 2015 Nov-Dec;55(10):1475-6. Epub 2015 Oct 8.

Harvard Beth Israel Deaconess, Department of Medicine, Forestdale, MA, USA.

Pain Physician 2015 Jul-Aug;18(4):E583-95

Postgraduate Training Base of General Hospital of Armed Police Force of Liaoning Medical University, Beijing; Department of Spinal Surgery, General Hospital of Armed Police Force, Beijing 100039, China.

Cervical vertigo is characterized by vertigo from the cervical spine. However, whether cervical vertigo is an independent entity still remains controversial. In this narrative review, we outline the basic science and clinical evidence for cervical vertigo according to the current literature. Read More