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Neurol Sci 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.215 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang, 100050, Hebei, China.

Objective: To investigate the etiology of intracranial artery stenosis and the distribution characteristics of intracranial artery atherosclerotic stenosis using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI).

Methods: A total of 262 patients with intracranial artery stenosis that underwent HR-MRI from November 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. The etiology of intracranial anterior and posterior circulation artery stenosis was analyzed, and the relationship between the location of plaques and the distribution characteristics of plaques and the occurrence of ischemic stroke was summarized. Read More

Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2022 May;47(5):428-34

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040.

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivators-1-alpha (PGC-1α), Irisin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the ischemic peripheral cortex, hippocampus and local skeletal muscle in rats with focal cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury (CI/RI), so as to explore its underlying mechanism of improving of CI/RI.

Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham-operation, model and EA (11 rats in each group). The focal CI/RI model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Read More

Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2022 May;47(5):415-21

College of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China.

Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture on the expression of miR-34c-5p, autophagy-related proteins and apoptosis rate in hippocampus of rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI), so as to explore its mechanism in regulating autophagy in hippocampal neurons in CI/RI rats.

Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model, medication and acupuncture groups, with 20 rats in each group. The rat model of CI/RI was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Read More

Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2022 May;47(5):401-8

The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China.

Objective: To observe the effect of moxibustion treatment on the expression of Nogo-A, Nogo receptor (NgR), neurotrophin receptor p75 (p75NTR) and leucine rich repeat and Ig domain containing 1 (Lingo-1) in brain tissue of rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI), so as to analyze its mechanism underlying improvement of CI/RI.

Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (16 rats), model group (17 rats), NEP1-40 (extracellular peptide residues 1-40, a blocker targeting NgR) group (model+blocker, 17 rats) and moxibustion group (model+moxibustion, 17 rats). The CI/RI model was established by occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery (MCAO). Read More

Physiol Res 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Pukou Branch of Jiangsu People's Hospital, Pukou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.

100 rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated group and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) modeling groups. The sham group after surgery was observed for 14 days. After MCAO, some rats received isometric contraction training (ICT) which was as follows: an atraumatic tourniquet was placed around left or right hind limb to achieve hind limb ischemia for 5 min, followed by 5 min of reperfusion, 4 cycles for one time, once a day, and five days per week. Read More

J Neurosci Methods 2022 May 22:109630. Epub 2022 May 22.

Laboratory of Nonhuman Primate Disease Modeling Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. Electronic address:

Background: Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is pivotal in the pathophysiological process of ischemic stroke and is often measured in rodent stroke studies. Traditionally, rodent BBB permeability increase is determined by measuring cerebral leakage of certain dyes such as Evans Blue or sodium fluorescein (NaFL). However, due to the special processing of samples for BBB permeability measurement, they cannot be used afterward for determining other essential parameters such as cerebral infarction volume. Read More

Jpn J Radiol 2022 May 25. Epub 2022 May 25.

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.

Purpose: To compare the sensitivity of the hyperdense middle cerebral artery (MCA) sign between maximum intensity projection (MIP) and conventional averaged images in patients with acute focal neurological deficits with acute thromboembolic MCA occlusion (MCA occlusion group) and patients with acute focal neurological deficits without MCA occlusion (control group).

Materials And Methods: Initial computed tomography (CT) scans on admission were reconstructed with 5 mm thickness at every 3 mm interval for averaged and MIP images from 1 mm thickness non-contrast axial source images. Images were obtained from 30 cases each in the MCA occlusion and control groups. Read More

Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2022 May 9;25(3):180-193. Epub 2022 May 9.

Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) is a multisystem disorder characterized by intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations and complications. Cerebrovascular events (CVE) are rare extraintestinal complications in patients with PIBD. Statistics show that 3. Read More

J Neurosci 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195

The robust, reciprocal anatomical connections between the cerebellum and contralateral sensorimotor cerebral hemisphere underscores the strong physiological interdependence between these two regions in relation to human behavior. Previous studies have shown that damage to sensorimotor cortex can result in a lasting reduction of cerebellar metabolism, the magnitude of which has been linked to poor rehabilitative outcomes. A better understanding of movement-related cerebellar physiology as well as cortico-cerebellar coherence (CCC) in the chronic, post-stroke state may be key to developing novel neuromodulatory techniques that promote upper limb motor rehabilitation. Read More

J Tradit Chin Med 2022 Jun;42(3):408-416

Pharmacological Department, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.

Objective: To evaluate the compatibility of Tianma (, TM), Yanlingcao (, YLC) and Bingpian (, BP), and their efficacy in the treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke.

Methods: Network pharmacology was used to determine the compatibility of TM, YLC, and BP, and their potential mechanism. The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model was used to evaluate the curative effect of the six combinations of TM, YLC, and BP (TZB1-TZB6) on cerebral ischemia, by using the weight matching method to form. Read More

Neuroradiology 2022 May 24. Epub 2022 May 24.

Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, 1403 29th Street NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 2T9, Canada.

Purpose: CT angiography (CTA) is the imaging standard for large vessel occlusion (LVO) detection in patients with acute ischemic stroke. StrokeSENS LVO is an automated tool that utilizes a machine learning algorithm to identify anterior large vessel occlusions (LVO) on CTA. The aim of this study was to test the algorithm's performance in LVO detection in an independent dataset. Read More

Case Rep Pediatr 2022 13;2022:7890566. Epub 2022 May 13.

Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is an infrequent but feared life-threatening complication of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). CAPS is characterized by the rapid development of numerous thromboses across multiple organs resulting in multiorgan failure. It is rare but well-documented in the adult population. Read More

Front Cardiovasc Med 2022 6;9:876087. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.

Background: Maclpil is a proinflammatory long non-coding RNA highly expressed on monocyte-derived macrophages in the ischemic brain. This study investigated the impact and the mechanisms of systemically delivering nanoparticle Maclpil short interfering RNA (siRNA) on experimental ischemic stroke in a mouse model.

Methods: Ischemic stroke (focal cerebral ischemia) was induced in male C57BL/6 mice through the middle cerebral artery occlusion. Read More

J Patient Cent Res Rev 2022 18;9(2):108-116. Epub 2022 Apr 18.

Aurora Neuroscience Innovation Institute, Advocate Aurora Health, Milwaukee, WI.

Purpose: In previous trials, the Stroke Network of Wisconsin (SNOW) scale accurately predicted large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke in the hospital setting. This study evaluated SNOW scale performance in the prehospital setting and its ability to predict LVO or distal medium vessel occlusion (DMVO) in patients suspected of having acute ischemic stroke (AIS), a scenario in which transport time to an endovascular treatment-capable facility (ECSC) is critical.

Methods: All potential AIS patients with last-known-well time of ≤24 hours were assessed by Milwaukee County Emergency Medical Services for LVO using SNOW. Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022 May 18;31(8):106557. Epub 2022 May 18.

Innovation, IMPlementation and Clinical Translation (IIMPACT) in Health, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.

Objective: To investigate whether cognitive reserve modifies the relationship between functional connectivity, lesion volume, stroke severity and upper-limb motor impairment and recovery in stroke survivors.

Methods: Ten patients with first-ever ischemic middle cerebral artery stroke completed the Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire at baseline. Upper-limb motor impairment and functional connectivity were assessed using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment and electroencephalography respectively at baseline and 3-months post-stroke. Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022 May 19;31(8):106142. Epub 2022 May 19.

Department of Anesthesiology, the Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430050, Hubei, China. Electronic address:

Background: The neuroprotective roles of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in brain injury are elicited at least partially through the secretion exosomes containing microRNAs (miRNAs). We herein investigate the protective function of bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs)-derived exosomes harboring miR-455-3p against hippocampal neuronal injury in mouse and N2a cell damage model.

Methods: First, BMSC surface markers were detected by flow cytometry, followed by extraction of BMSCs-derived exosomes (BMSCs-Exos). Read More

J Ethnopharmacol 2022 May 18:115309. Epub 2022 May 18.

School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China. Electronic address:

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Piperine (PIP), a main active component isolated from Piper nigrum L., exerts neuroprotective effects in a rat model of ischemic stroke (IS). However, studies on the effects of PIP on neuroprotection and autophagy after IS are limited. Read More

Mol Neurobiol 2022 May 21. Epub 2022 May 21.

Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.

Promoting neurogenesis and proliferation of endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) is considered a promising strategy for neurorehabilitation after stroke. Our previous study revealed that a moderate dose of artesunate (ART, 150 mg/kg) could enhance functional recovery in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ART treatment on neurogenesis and proliferation of NSPCs using a rodent MCAO model. Read More

Neuroreport 2022 May 8;33(7):297-303. Epub 2022 Apr 8.

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology.

Objective: Delayed tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) treatment increases the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage in patients with ischemic stroke. We previously demonstrated that tPA treatment caused hemorrhagic complications in a 4-h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model when administered after reperfusion. In the present study, we administered an anti-high mobility group box 1 (αHMGB1) antibody to 4-h MCAO mice to evaluate the usability of αHMGB1 antibody treatment in the delayed phase of ischemia, beyond the therapeutic time window of tPA. Read More

Neuroreport 2022 Jun 11;33(9):399-407. Epub 2022 May 11.

School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.

Background: Increasing data show that structural changes of spastic muscle and hyperexcitability of reticulospinal tract (RST) are involved in the pathogenesis of spasticity after stroke (SAS). Our previous study has indicated that the anti-spastic effect of acupuncture, especially waggle needling (WN, a multiple directional needling method with joint movement), on SAS rats was related to the KCC2-GABAA pathway in cerebral cortex. Furthermore, as a peripheral stimulation to treat upper motor neuron injury-related spasticity, acupuncture's effect on peripheral spastic muscles and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the brainstem, the origin of the RST, should be further clarified. Read More

Neurochem Res 2022 May 20. Epub 2022 May 20.

Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Neuroinflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiological process of acute cerebral infarction, which may aggravate brain injury and hinder neuro-repair. Microglia are innate immune cells in the brain. Ginkgetin has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, but the mechanism remains unclear. Read More

Int J Neurosci 2022 May 20:1-7. Epub 2022 May 20.

Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center.

First line treatment for cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is systemic anticoagulation. In cases with symptoms of elevated ICP, endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is pursued. We describe two cases in which dual stent-retrievers were used for EVT. Read More

Curr Med Imaging 2022 May 18. Epub 2022 May 18.

Pediatric Unit, Annunziata Hospital of Cosenza, Cosenza, Italy.

Background: Fabry disease (FD) is a rare X-linked multisystem lysosomal storage disease caused by partial or total deficiency of a-galactosidase A (GLA). A progressive involvement of the kidneys, heart, and brain arteries was reported. Using the transcranial color-coded duplex Doppler (TCCD), we report the case of Fabry's disease (FD) patients with a reduction in the cerebrovascular reactivity of the basilar artery (BA). Read More

Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2022 May 18. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University / Naval Medical University, 325 Guo He Road, Shanghai 200433, China.

Objective: This study determined for the first time the distribution of intravenous nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and its metabolite nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) in normal and ischemic stroke mice, examined therapeutic effect of NMN on ischemic brain infarction, and evaluated acute toxicity of NMN after intravenous injection of NMN.

Methods: NMN and NAD was were determined using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in biological samples from mice with or without middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) at different time points post intravenous NMN injection (300 mg/kg). Brain infarction was evaluated 24 h post MCAO. Read More

Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022 May 16. Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Variety Children Hospital, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Pituitary apoplexy typically presents with acute headache, vomiting, visual disturbance and confusion. We report a rare presentation of ischaemic stroke due to pituitary apoplexy. A 16. Read More

Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022 10;2022:6839385. Epub 2022 May 10.

Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.

Inflammation is dominant in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke (IS). Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), according to previous studies, has demonstrated a variety of pharmacological effects such as antioxidation and inhibitive inflammation activities. However, whether AKG ameliorates cerebral ischemic injury, as well as the underlying molecular events, is still unclear. Read More

Front Neurol 2022 3;13:784836. Epub 2022 May 3.

Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Background And Purpose: Dynamic cerebral autoregulation is impaired after ischemic stroke. External counterpulsation (ECP) augments the cerebral blood flow of patients with ischemic stroke by elevation of blood pressure (BP). We aimed to investigate if cerebral augmentation effects during ECP were associated with impaired dynamic cerebral autoregulation in patients after acute ischemic stroke. Read More

Front Immunol 2022 3;13:870029. Epub 2022 May 3.

Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Background: Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of human death and disability. Brain edema and peri-infarct astrocyte reactivity are crucial pathological changes, both involving aquaporin-4 (AQP4). Studies revealed that acute inhibition of AQP4 after stroke diminishes brain edema, however, its effect on peri-infarct astrocyte reactivity and the subacute outcome is unclear. Read More

Acta Biomater 2022 May 16. Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of Pharmaceutics and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China. Electronic address:

Reperfusion injury is one of the major causes of disability and death caused by ischemic stroke, and drug development focuses mainly on single neuron protection. However, different kinds of cells in the neurovascular units (NVUs), including neurons, microglia and vascular endothelial cells, are pathologically changed after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, resulting in an urgent need to develop a drug delivery system to comprehensively protect the kinds of cells involved in the NVU. Herein, we have constructed a c(RGDyK) peptide modified, NF-κB inhibitor caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE)-loaded and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) stimuli-responsive liposomal nanocarrier (R-Lipo-CAPE) to target ischemic lesions and then remodel the NVU to reduce the progression of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2022 2;13:683898. Epub 2022 May 2.

Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.

Previous studies have shown that Salt-induced kinase-2(SIK2) is involved in the regulation of various energy-metabolism-related reactions, and it also can regulate angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. However, it is unclear whether SIK2 can regulate energy metabolism in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. As mitochondria plays an important role in energy metabolism, whether SIK2 regulates energy metabolism through affecting mitochondrial changes is also worth to be explored. Read More