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J Vet Intern Med 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, South Australia, Australia.

Little is known about genetic causes of congenital methemoglobinemia in dogs. Here, we report a CYB R mutation in a Pomeranian dog with congenital methemoglobinemia. A 6-year-old neutered female Pomeranian dog was investigated for cyanosis noticed during anesthesia for an orthopedic procedure. Read More

Pediatrics 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Departments of Neonatology and.

Congenital methemoglobinemia is a rare condition caused by cytochrome b5 reductase deficiency, cytochrome b5 deficiency, or hemoglobin M disease. Newborn pulse oximetry screening was developed for the early detection of critical congenital heart disease; however, it also enables the early identification of other hypoxemic conditions. We present the case of a term neonate who was admitted to the neonatal unit after a failed pulse oximetry screening at 3 hours of age. Read More

Am J Perinatol 2019 Feb 1. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, AOUP "P. Giaccone," Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "G. D'Alessandro," University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.

Objective:  Methemoglobinemia (MetHb) is a rare congenital or acquired cause of infantile cyanosis. We examined the role of MetHb in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Study Design:  A retrospective observational study was conducted reviewing blood gas analyses of hospitalized newborns over a 2-year period. Read More

Oxf Med Case Reports 2019 Jan 24;2019(1):omy111. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Dermatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Sarawak General Hospital, Sarawak, Malaysia.

Limited data regarding methemoglobinemia in pregnancy, particularly secondary to dapsone is available up to date. We report a case of dapsone-induced methemoglobinemia in a pregnant mother with multibacillary leprosy who presented with fever, productive cough and cyanosis of 2 days duration 2 weeks after multidrug therapy was commenced. On examination, she had central cyanosis with low oxygen saturation (SpO = 84-88%). Read More

J Family Community Med 2019 Jan-Apr;26(1):30-35

Ministry of Water and Electricity, Riyadh, KSA.

Background: Methemoglobin (MetHb) level in blood indicates exposure to nitrogenous compounds. Acquired methemoglobinemia as a result of exposure to nitrates in drinking water is primarily an issue for infants. The amount of nitrates in Zamzam water is said to be on the high side. Read More

Clin Ther 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Stephen A. Cooper DMD, PhD, LLC, Palm Beach Gardens, FL, USA.

Purpose: CTY-5339A is an investigational topical anesthetic spray containing 14% benzocaine/2% tetracaine in a metered canister. Each spray delivers ∼0.2 mL of solution. Read More

Pediatrics 2019 Jan 17. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, Missouri.

Methemoglobinemia occurs when the heme moiety of hemoglobin (Hb) is oxidized from the ferrous to ferric state, leading to impairments in oxygen transport and delivery. Methemoglobinemia is rare in pediatric patients but has been described in the setting of congenital abnormalities in the Hb structure, inherited enzyme deficiencies, oxidative Hb injury in response to illness, and oxidative Hb injury due to toxicants. We present a 1-week-old infant born with a cervical lymphangioma who developed persistent desaturations that were unresponsive to oxygen after sclerotherapy with doxycycline. Read More

Am J Med Sci 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Geroscience and Chronic Disease Department, The 8th Municipal People's Hospital, Chengdu, China. Electronic address:

The mortality rate of cupric sulfate is relatively high in contrast to that of other heavy metals. Cases of orally ingested cupric sulfate poisoning are very rare, with a reported half lethal dose of 10 g. Cupric sulfate poisoning leads to gastrointestinal corrosion, intravascular hemolysis, hemolytic anemia, methemoglobinemia and acute renal and hepatic impairment. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2019 Jan 7. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis

Purpose: Development of tumor-specific therapies for the treatment of recalcitrant non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) are urgently needed. Here, we investigated the ability of ß-lapachone (ß-lap, ARQ761 in clinical form) to selectively potentiate the effects of ionizing radiation (IR, 1-3 Gy) in NSCLCs that over-express NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1).

Experimental Design: The mechanism of lethality of low dose IR in combination with sublethal doses of ß-lap were evaluated in NSCLC lines in vitro and validated in subcutaneous and orthotopic xenograph models in vivo. Read More

Neuroradiol J 2019 Jan 7:1971400918822153. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Department of Radiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Saudi Arabia.

Recessive congenital methemoglobinemia type II is a very rare autosomal recessive hematologic disorder due to NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase deficiency, usually caused by full-stop mutations or deletions. This disease classically presents with mild neonatal cyanosis, early onset severe progressive developmental delay, movement disorders, and progressive microcephaly. We report two siblings with recessive congenital methemoglobinemia type II whose evaluation revealed a novel p. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2018 Nov-Dec;7(6):1573-1575

Department of Medicine, Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India.

Clofazimine is commonly used for the treatment of leprosy and chronic use of it can lead to methemoglobinemia, which is a rare but major concern. Iron of hemoglobin remains in the form of ferric (Fe3+) in methemoglobinemia as compared with ferrous form (Fe2+) in normal situation. This transformation prevents oxygen carriage and results in higher level of MetHb in blood which could be dangerous to life. Read More

Respir Med Case Rep 2019 23;26:142-145. Epub 2018 Dec 23.

Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, USA.

Rasburicase is a recombinant urate-oxidase enzyme and is a very important medication for tumor lysis syndrome. Methemoglobinemia and hemolysis are known side effects of rasburicase that result from oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide, a byproduct generated during the breakdown of uric acid to allantoin. Patients with G6PD deficiency have a decreased tolerance to oxidative stress and are therefore at a greater risk of hemolysis and methemoglobinemia with rasburicase. Read More

Ann Pharmacother 2019 Jan 2:1060028018823532. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

J Affect Disord 2018 Dec 25. Epub 2018 Dec 25.

Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de Bicêtre, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94275, France; INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, "Depression and Antidepressants" team, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Université Paris Sud, France.

Background: The underlying mechanism involved in dapsone-induced mania remains unknown.

Methods: We report the case of a 54-year-old man with a dapsone-induced mania.

Results: The maximum of manic symptoms was correlated with the maximum of methemoglobinemia and mania decreased concomitantly with the methemoglobinemia level. Read More

Pediatrics 2019 Jan;143(1)

Departments of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact and.

: media-1vid110.1542/5852339542001PEDS-VA_2018-1173 CONTEXT: The eutectic mixture of lidocaine (EMLA) cream has been used to reduce the pain during venipuncture in infants.

Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of EMLA in infants <3 months of age requiring venipuncture in comparison with nonpharmacological interventions in terms of pain reduction, change in physiologic variables, and methemoglobinemia. Read More

Mikrochim Acta 2018 12 10;186(1). Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, Republic of China.

A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with a nanocomposite prepared from carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (c-MWCNT) and titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticles to obtain a sensor for nitrite. The nanocomposite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, elemental mapping, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. Electrochemical studies results show the modified GCE to possess a low electrochemical resistance (Rct = 7 Ω) and a large electroactive surface (A = 0. Read More

Turk J Emerg Med 2018 Dec 13;18(4):176-178. Epub 2018 Apr 13.

Marmara University Pendik Education and Research Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

Methemoglobinemia is a rare but clinically important condition that should be considered among differential diagnosis' in cyanosis. The conventional treatments of methemoglobinemia are high flow oxygen and methylene blue therapies. We present a 52-year-old male patient who admitted to emergency room with severe cyanosis and dyspnea after he was exposed to paint thinner and zinc phosphate solution. Read More

BMC Genomics 2018 Dec 5;19(1):877. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

U.S. Army Public Health Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, MD, 21010, USA.

Background: The health and resilience of species in natural environments is increasingly challenged by complex anthropogenic stressor combinations including climate change, habitat encroachment, and chemical contamination. To better understand impacts of these stressors we examined the individual- and combined-stressor impacts of malaria infection, food limitation, and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) exposures on gene expression in livers of Western fence lizards (WFL, Sceloporus occidentalis) using custom WFL transcriptome-based microarrays.

Results: Computational analysis including annotation enrichment and correlation analysis identified putative functional mechanisms linking transcript expression and toxicological phenotypes. Read More

Can Vet J 2018 Nov;59(11):1216-1222

Department of Emergency and Critical Care, VCA West Los Angeles Animal Hospital, Los Angeles, California, USA.

An 8-year-old, spayed female Chihuahua mixed breed dog was presented for dyspnea and was subsequently mechanically ventilated. Propofol was utilized as part of the anesthetic protocol. The dog developed rhabdomyolysis, myoglobinuria, cardiac arrhythmias, liver enzyme elevation, and methemoglobinemia. Read More

Ir Med J 2018 03 14;111(3):718. Epub 2018 Mar 14.

Paediatric Infectious Disease Department, Children's University Hospital, Temple Street, Dublin 1.

An increase in invasive group A streptococcus (GAS) cases referred to the paediatric infectious disease (PID) department of the Children's University Hospital (CUH), Temple Street, prompted review of all invasive GAS cases in 2016. All of the 10 cases identified occurred over a 16-week period from February to June, of which 6 (60%) required admission to the paediatric intensive care unit. The median length of stay was 21. Read More

Case Rep Crit Care 2018 25;2018:8198565. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

The D'Or Institute for Research & Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the commonest enzyme deficiency in humans with a wide range of possible clinical manifestations depending on the specific genetic variant in each case. Here we present the case of an 86-year-old male of African descent who acutely developed symptoms of G6PD deficiency immediately after he received methylene blue for treating methemoglobinemia. The contrast between a low SO on pulse oximetry and a normal arterial gas sampling raised the possibility of methemoglobinemia. Read More

Wien Med Wochenschr 2019 Feb 22;169(1-2):41-43. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Center of Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Academic Teaching Hospital, Dresden, Germany.

Methemoglobinemia is characterized by an increased level of methemoglobin (MetHb) in the peripheral blood. MetHb levels increase after tumescent anesthesia and need to be monitored. If a patient becomes symptomatic and/or the MetHb levels increase >10%, intravenous injection of an antidote is recommended. Read More

Cureus 2018 Aug 15;10(8):e3147. Epub 2018 Aug 15.

Internal Medicine, University of Maryland Prince George's Hospital Center, Cheverly, USA.

Naphthalene poisoning is a rare form of toxicity that may occur after ingestion, inhalation, or dermal exposure to naphthalene-containing compounds such as mothballs. Clinically, patients present with acute onset of dark brown urine, watery diarrhea, and non-bloody bilious vomiting 48-96 hours after exposure. Vital sign abnormalities include fever, tachycardia, hypotension, and persistent pulse oximetry readings of 84%-85% despite oxygen supplementation. Read More

AJP Rep 2018 Oct 15;8(4):e227-e229. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.

Methemoglobinemia can result in severe hypoxia. It has been frequently reported during the use of inhaled nitric oxide, but can occur where nitrate containing medications are used. Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) patches have been used in the treatment of digital and limb ischemia in prematurely born infants. Read More

Cureus 2018 Aug 1;10(8):e3084. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

Critical Care, St Luke's Health System, Kansas City, USA.

We present a rare case of rasburicase-induced methemoglobinemia and hemolytic anemia in the setting of presumed glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. A 78-year-old male with a known history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia presented to the clinic with fever of unknown origin. Laboratory results were significant for hyperuricemia. Read More

J Clin Med 2018 Oct 10;7(10). Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Departamento de Anatomía, Fisiología y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.

Cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (CYB5R3) is a membrane-bound NADH-dependent redox enzyme anchored to the mitochondrial outer membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, and plasma membrane. Recessive hereditary methaemoglobinaemia (RHM) type II is caused by CYB5R3 deficiency and is an incurable disease characterized by severe encephalopathy with mental retardation, microcephaly, generalized dystonia, and movement disorders. Currently, the etiology of type II RHM is poorly understood and there is no treatment for encephalopathy associated with this disease. Read More

Indian J Crit Care Med 2018 Sep;22(9):670-673

Institute of Critical Care Medicine, Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an x-linked recessive genetic disorder with mutation in the G6PD gene. Defect in the enzyme G6PD causes red blood cells (RBCs) to breakdown prematurely causing hemolytic anemia. Hemolytic anemia is also a known hematological complication associated with viral hepatitis. Read More

Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2019 Mar 6;15(1):102-105. Epub 2018 Oct 6.

Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Belgrade - School of Medicine, 31a Deligradska str, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.

Sodium nitrite is used as a coloring agent or preservative in food, as well as an antimicrobial agent in meat and fish and some cheeses. In high amounts it can be toxic for humans, causing methemoglobinemia. This is an unusual and potentially fatal condition in which hemoglobin is oxidized to methemoglobin (MHb), reducing the amount of oxygen that is released from hemoglobin, similar to carbon monoxide poisoning. Read More

Clin Exp Emerg Med 2018 Sep 30;5(3):192-198. Epub 2018 Sep 30.

Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.

Objective: Dapsone (diaminodiphenyl sulfone, DDS) is currently used to treat leprosy, malaria, dermatitis herpetiformis, and other diseases. It is also used to treat pneumocystis pneumonia and Toxoplasma gondii infection in HIV-positive patients. The most common adverse effect of DDS is methemoglobinemia from oxidative stress. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Jan 27;215:18-24. Epub 2018 Sep 27.

Institute of Biology, University of Leiden, Leiden 2300 RA, the Netherlands.

While it has been known for a while that some snake species are extremely sensitive to acetaminophen, the underlying mechanism for this toxicity has not been reported. To investigate if essential detoxification enzymes are missing in snake species that are responsible for biotransformation of acetaminophen in other vertebrate species, livers were collected from a variety of snake species, together with samples from alligator, snapping turtle, cat, rat, and cattle. Subcellular fractions were analyzed for enzymatic activities of phenol-type sulfotransferase and UDP‑glucuronosyltransferase, total glutathione S‑transferase, and N‑acetyltransferase. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2018 Jul 15;24(7). Epub 2018 Jul 15.

Naval Medical Center, San Diego, California.

Linear IgA bullous dermatosis is a rare bullous disease in children and adults that can be associated with autoimmune conditions, malignancies, infections, or medication exposure. The definitive diagnosis relies on the biopsy. A 58-year-old man presented to our clinic with a pruritic vesicular and bullous eruption. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018 Dec 20;166:48-55. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Av. Artículo 123 s/n Fracc. Filadelfia, C.P. 35010 Gómez Palacio, Durango, Mexico. Electronic address:

Nitrate pollution has emerged as a problem of great importance because in recent years, the levels of nitrate in soil and groundwater have increased, mainly through anthropogenic activities, such as the use of fertilizers in agriculture, domestic wastewater and septic tanks, industrial waste and deforestation. In animals, nitrate reduction to nitrite (NO) and nitric oxide (NO) promote the formation of methemoglobin in the blood and the generation of highly reactive intermediates that induce oxidative stress in target organs. Exposition to nitrates has been associated with methemoglobinemia, reproductive toxicity, metabolic and endocrine alterations and cancer. Read More

J Forensic Sci 2018 Sep 19. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA.

Ochronosis is the blue-gray discoloration of collagen-containing tissues due to homogentisic acid (HGA) deposition, secondary to endogenous alkaptonuria or exogenous enzyme inhibition. In renal disease, accumulation of HGA in serum can cause methemoglobinemia. A 60-year-old woman with renal disease and anemia presented with 3 days of weakness and months of gray skin discoloration. Read More

Data Brief 2018 Aug 2;19:2133-2138. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

Bottled water is one of the sources of drinking water in many arid and semi-arid countries, including Iran. The greatest concern is the health effects of exposure to excessive nitrate concentrations in drinking water due to the development of methemoglobinemia in children. Therefore, the present study was aimed at determining the concentration of nitrate and its risk assessment in drinking water bottled in Iran. Read More

Pharmacogenomics J 2018 Sep 12. Epub 2018 Sep 12.

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.

Phenotypic rather than genotypic tests remain the gold standard for diagnosing glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. However, with increasing use of genomic arrays and whole exome or genome sequencing, G6PD genetic data are increasingly available. We examined the utility of G6PD genetic data in patients with hematologic malignancies and the association of G6PD genotype and phenotype with rasburicase-induced methemoglobinemia. Read More

Data Brief 2018 Oct 13;20:394-401. Epub 2018 Aug 13.

Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Nitrate is a groundwater pollutant which in higher concentrations limits, leads to health hazard such as Methemoglobinemia and formation of nitrosamine compounds. In this research, the nitrate and nitrite concentrations in all water resources in the villages of Songor plain were determined and the relationship between these values with the water table and zonation of nitrate concentration were investigated in the GIS environment. In this study, 37 samples of all groundwater resources of Sonqor plain were taken in, high water (March 2016) and low water (October 2017) periods. Read More

J Crit Care 2018 Dec 18;48:63-65. Epub 2018 Aug 18.

Section of Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W. 10th St. #6200, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

Purpose: Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) has been associated with safety risks including reports of methemoglobinemia. While standard of care recommends routine monitoring of methemoglobin in subjects on iNO therapy, the utility of this practice remains unknown.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective chart review aimed to determine the frequency of methemoglobinemia in pediatric patients receiving iNO. Read More

Food Chem Toxicol 2018 Oct 19;120:709-723. Epub 2018 Aug 19.

ToxStrategies, Newport, KY, USA.

Dietary nitrate has been associated with health benefits as well as potential risks, thus presenting a paradox for consumers and health professionals. To address the issue, we applied the Benefit-Risk Analysis for Foods (BRAFO) framework to evaluate dietary exposure to nitrate by considering how the risks and benefits might vary under the reference scenario of the acceptable daily intake (ADI) set forth by JECFA (3.7 mg/kg-day), or under an alternative scenario of a higher ADI (independently developed herein). Read More

Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018 Aug 16. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Groupe hospitalier Lariboisiere Fernand-Widal, 26934, Paris, France ;

Wiad Lek 2018;71(4):839-842

Higher State Educational Institution Of Ukraine, Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy, Poltava, Ukraine.

Objective: Introduction: The topicality is determined bypriority and importance of researches that have preventive referral directed on provision of harmonious growth and early childhood development, children's resistance to the infection's effects and other unfavorable external factors. There are problems about the role of permanent nitrate load in the formation of children health issues, especially children who live in the area with high nitrate levels in drinking well water. The aim is to evaluate the physical development of children who live in nitrate-contaminated areas. Read More

Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med 2018 Aug 16;2(3):207-210. Epub 2018 Jul 16.

Duke University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.

A patient presented after ingesting the contents of a lava lamp that he believed to contain alcohol. It was later discovered that this product was comprised of 76% calcium nitrate, leading to his subsequent development of methemoglobinemia. This disease is a medical emergency secondary to poor transportation of oxygen and resultant tissue hypoxic effects. Read More

Am J Ind Med 2018 Jul 27. Epub 2018 Jul 27.

Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea.

We report a Korean worker who experienced dermal exposure to a hot copper sulfate solution at his workplace and developed severe acute copper sulfate poisoning. A 53-year-old male worker, who was employed in a lead smelter for 5 years, slipped, and his right lower leg entered a copper sulfate solution, leading to severe burns of the right lower leg. Two days later, he developed severe intravascular hemolysis with methemoglobinemia. Read More

A A Pract 2019 Feb;12(4):96-98

Department of Intensive Care Medicine.

We present a case of a 73-year-old cancer patient with low transcutaneous oxygen saturation who was transferred to the intensive care unit after deployment of the rapid response team. Differential diagnosis remained broad until methemoglobinemia (MetHb) was detected.MetHb was induced by administration of rasburicase, which was given to prevent tumor lysis syndrome. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018 07 23;15(7). Epub 2018 Jul 23.

Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW-school for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Nitrate levels in our water resources have increased in many areas of the world largely due to applications of inorganic fertilizer and animal manure in agricultural areas. The regulatory limit for nitrate in public drinking water supplies was set to protect against infant methemoglobinemia, but other health effects were not considered. Risk of specific cancers and birth defects may be increased when nitrate is ingested under conditions that increase formation of -nitroso compounds. Read More

Toxicol In Vitro 2018 Oct 18;52:286-296. Epub 2018 Jul 18.

DOS in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru 570 006, India; Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Tumkur University, Tumakuru 572103, India. Electronic address:

Exposure of human population to industrial chemicals is believed as a significant contributing factor to the outgrowth of occupational diseases especially in developing countries due to improper safety measures and sanitary conditions. Para-tertiary butylcatechol (PTBC) widely employed in petrochemical, thermofax and phototypesetting industries, induces melanocytotoxicity and contact dermatitis leading to occupational leukoderma/vitiligo. Few vitiligo patients were reported for oxidative stress-induced hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, however its impact on blood components is still not clear. Read More

Arch Argent Pediatr 2018 Aug;116(4):e612-e615

Hospital Zonal de Agudos "Magdalena V. de Martínez", Pacheco, Buenos Aires.

Methemoglobinemia is a condition characterized by a high blood concentration of methemoglobin. Methemoglobinemia is a disorder that occurs when hemoglobin in the blood is oxidized to form methemoglobin, rendering it unable to transport oxygen. Although it can be congenital in cyanotic newborn, it is more often an adverse medication effect. Read More

Biomed Opt Express 2018 Jul 25;9(7):3284-3305. Epub 2018 Jun 25.

Natural Phenomena Simulation Group, D. R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

Methemoglobinemia and sulfhemoglobinemia are potentially life-threatening blood-related disorders characterized by similar symptoms and markedly distinct treatment procedures. In this paper, we investigate the causal relationship between these conditions and the onset of cyanosis, which is typically associated with a purple or bluish skin coloration. More specifically, we perform controlled experiments to elicit cyanotic appearances resulting from different severity levels of these disorders and varying physiological conditions. Read More