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    1 OF 59
    Sentinel lymph node biopsy in periocular merkel cell carcinoma: a case report.
    BMC Res Notes 2017 Sep 20;10(1):490. Epub 2017 Sep 20.
    University of Arizona COM Phoenix, University of Arizona Cancer Center at Dignity Health, 625 N 6th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
    Background: The National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for Merkel cell carcinoma recommend performance of the sentinel lymph node biopsy in all patients with clinically negative nodal disease for staging and treatment. Nevertheless, sentinel lymph node biopsy in the periocular region is debated as tumors are typically smaller and lymphatic variability can make performance procedurally problematic.

    Case Presentation: We present a case of a Caucasian patient in their seventies who presented with a 1. Read More
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    T cell therapies for human polyomavirus diseases.
    Cytotherapy 2017 Sep 15. Epub 2017 Sep 15.
    Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:
    Rapid restoration of virus-specific T immunity via adoptive transfer of ex vivo generated T cells has been proven as a powerful therapy for patients with advanced cancers and refractory viral infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). BK virus (BKV), John Cunningham virus (JCV), and Merkel cell carcinoma virus (MCV) are the members of the rapidly growing human polyomavirus (hPyV) family that commonly infects most healthy humans. These viruses have a clearly established potential for causing severe end-organ damage or malignant transformation, especially in individuals with weakened immunity who are unable to mount or regain endogenous T-cell responses as a result of underlying leukemia or iatrogenic immunosuppression in autoimmunity, bone marrow and solid organ transplant settings. Read More
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    Merkel cell carcinoma: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy.
    Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2017 Sep 16. Epub 2017 Sep 16.
    Center for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Liebermeisterstr. 25, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
    Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive skin cancer with a neuroendocrine phenotype. Incidence varies according to the geographic regions but is overall increasing. Different risk factors have been identified namely advanced age, immunosuppression, and ultraviolet light exposure. Read More
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    [Teledermoscopy by mobile phones : Reliable help in the diagnosis of skin lesions?]
    Hautarzt 2017 Sep 13. Epub 2017 Sep 13.
    Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Biederstein, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802, München, Deutschland.
    Background: Teledermoscopy is a promising modern technique to complement or to substitute dermatologic examination.

    Objective: In this pilot study, we compared the outcomes of teledermoscopic consultations with clinical examinations and histologic results.

    Methods: Conventional and dermatoscopic photos of single lesions were taken in 26 patients using a mobile phone and an attached handyscope optical system. Read More
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    Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase in Cutaneous Malignancies.
    Cancers (Basel) 2017 Sep 12;9(9). Epub 2017 Sep 12.
    Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
    Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of neoplasms. As suggested by its name, ALK was first described as part of a translocation product in cases of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, with other genetic and cytogenetic ALK mutations subsequently coming to attention in the development of many other hematologic and solid organ malignancies. ALK has now been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of several cutaneous malignancies, including secondary cutaneous systemic anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) and primary cutaneous ALCL, melanoma, spitzoid tumors, epithelioid fibrous histiocytoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma. Read More
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    Merkel cell polyomavirus and Merkel cell carcinoma.
    Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017 Oct;372(1732)
    Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
    Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) causes the highly aggressive and relatively rare skin cancer known as Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). MCPyV also causes a lifelong yet relatively innocuous infection and is one of 14 distinct human polyomaviruses species. Although polyomaviruses typically do not cause illness in healthy individuals, several can cause catastrophic diseases in immunocompromised hosts. Read More
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    Tumour virology in the era of high-throughput genomics.
    Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017 Oct;372(1732)
    Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 9A, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
    With the advent of massively parallel sequencing, oncogenic viruses in tumours can now be detected in an unbiased and comprehensive manner. Additionally, new viruses or strains can be discovered based on sequence similarity with known viruses. Using this approach, the causative agent for Merkel cell carcinoma was identified. Read More
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    Treatment of Metastatic Eyelid Carcinoma.
    J Craniofac Surg 2017 Sep 6. Epub 2017 Sep 6.
    *Head and Neck Departement, University of Naples Federico II, Naples †Neurosurgery Departement, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.
    Purpose: The aim of this study was to report management and outcomes in patients affected by eyelids carcinomas involving regional lymph nodes.

    Methods: We have retrospectively analyzed the data of patients affected by eyelids carcinoma with nodal involvement. The clinical records of 10 patients with malignant eyelid carcinoma and regional nodal metastasis treated between September 2011 and March 2015 have been analyzed. Read More
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    Subacute Cerebellar Degeneration due to a Paraneoplastic Phenomenon Associated with Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report.
    Case Rep Oncol 2017 May-Aug;10(2):764-768. Epub 2017 Aug 16.
    Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia.
    Purpose: The aim of this article is to illustrate the diagnostic challenges and management of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes in Merkel cell carcinoma.

    Materials And Methods: We describe a previously functionally independent 85-year-old woman who presented with subacute onset of dizziness and gait ataxia in the setting of metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma.

    Results: Diagnosis was made on biopsy after positron emission tomography imaging revealed increased metabolic activity in 2 left inguinofemoral lymph nodes. Read More
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    A thoracic vertebral localization of a metastasized cutaneous Merkel cell carcinoma: Case report and review of literature.
    Surg Neurol Int 2017 10;8:190. Epub 2017 Aug 10.
    Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Neurosurgical Clinic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
    Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine skin tumor, which may be related to sun exposure. It can metastasize to lungs, liver and bone, leading to severe morbidity and mortality. Vertebral metastases from MCC are rare. Read More
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    Merkel Cell Carcinoma with Distant Metastasis to the Clivus Causing Symptoms Mimicking Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review.
    Front Neurol 2017 18;8:409. Epub 2017 Aug 18.
    Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
    Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an uncommon but highly malignant neuroendocrine tumor of the skin. MCC can metastasize, but involvement of the central nervous system is rare. Here, we report a case of rapidly progressing metastatic MCC to the clivus and bilateral cavernous sinus in an immunocompromised patient. Read More
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    [A Case of Merkel Cell Carcinoma Complicated with Severe Thrombocytopenia Treated with Carboplatin/Etoposide Regimen after Surgery].
    Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2017 Aug;44(8):685-687
    Dept. of Pharmacy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital.
    Thrombocytopenia is often caused by myelosuppression during chemotherapy. However, when platelet transfusions are required, pathological conditions such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura( TTP)also occur. We report a case of Merkel cell carcinoma complicated with severe thrombocytopenia treated with carboplatin/etoposide regimen after surgery. Read More
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    Advances in Merkel cell carcinoma from a pathologist's perspective.
    Pathology 2017 Oct 23;49(6):568-574. Epub 2017 Aug 23.
    Sullivan Nicholaides Pathology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. Electronic address:
    Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rarely made but potentially devastating diagnosis. While local disease might be cured by surgery and radiotherapy, advanced disease is usually rapidly progressive and fatal. Until very recently, the only approach to metastatic MCC was cytotoxic chemotherapy with results so disappointing that current treatment guidelines discourage its use and recommend clinical trial as a more viable treatment option. Read More
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    Eyelid Merkel cell carcinoma in a patient treated with golimumab.
    Orbit 2017 Aug 25:1-5. Epub 2017 Aug 25.
    a Department of Oculoplastic & Orbital Surgery , The Rotterdam Eye Hospital , Rotterdam , The Netherlands.
    Purpose: To describe a clinical case of biopsy-proven Merkel cell carcinoma of the eyelid following golimumab therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

    Methods: Interventional case report.

    Results: A 73-year-old woman with a history of chronic RA presented with a right upper eyelid mass. Read More
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    Avelumab for the treatment of metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma.
    Drugs Today (Barc) 2017 Jul;53(7):377-383
    Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
    Avelumab is a promising new therapeutic agent for patients with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare and aggressive type of neuroendocrine tumor of the skin. Until the recent approval of avelumab (Bavencio), no therapies were approved by the U.S. Read More
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    CD200 Expression in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.
    Am J Clin Pathol 2017 Sep;148(3):236-242
    PhenoPath Laboratories, Seattle, WA.
    Objectives: CD200 expression has been well studied in hematopoietic malignancies; however, CD200 expression has not been well-characterized in neuroendocrine neoplasms. We examined CD200 expression in 391 neuroendocrine neoplasms from various anatomic sites.

    Methods: Tissue blocks containing pulmonary small cell carcinoma, pulmonary carcinoid, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, gastrointestinal carcinoid, and Merkel cell carcinoma were evaluated for CD200 expression by immunohistochemistry. Read More
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    Primary low-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin: An exceedingly rare entity.
    J Cutan Pathol 2017 Aug 16. Epub 2017 Aug 16.
    Cockerell Dermatopathology, Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
    Low-grade neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), also known as carcinoid tumor, commonly arise from the gastrointestinal (GI) and pulmonary tracts, but rarely occur in the skin. Cutaneous NET typically occurs as metastases or high-grade primary lesions, called Merkel cell carcinoma. In the few cases described in literature, primary low-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin (LGNECS) are usually indolent cutaneous nodules, presenting on the head and trunk of elderly patients. Read More
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    Efficacy of isolated limb perfusion (ILP) in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC): A multicenter experience.
    Eur J Surg Oncol 2017 Aug 3. Epub 2017 Aug 3.
    Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Plesmanlaan 121, NL-1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address:
    Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and potentially aggressive neuroendocrine tumor of the skin, with a propensity for locoregional metastases. In two expert referral centers, isolated limb perfusion (ILP) is used to obtain locoregional control in selected locoregionally advanced MCC patients. This study describes our experience. Read More
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    Update on Merkel Cell Carcinoma.
    Clin Lab Med 2017 09 13;37(3):485-501. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
    Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, 3261 Medical Science I, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5602, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, 3261 Medical Science I, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5602, USA. Electronic address:
    Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive cutaneous neuroendocrine malignancy. Merkel cell polyomavirus, a tumorigenic DNA virus, is present in most MCC tumors, with implications for tumor biology, diagnosis, and management. Merkel cell polyomavirus-negative tumors have a high burden of UV-signature mutations, similar to melanoma. Read More
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    The diagnostic utility of Merkel cell polyomavirus immunohistochemistry in a fine needle aspirate of metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma of unknown primary to the pancreas.
    Diagn Cytopathol 2017 Aug 12. Epub 2017 Aug 12.
    Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390.
    Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin tumor with a high tendency for metastases. We report a case of MCC initially presenting as axillary and pancreatic metastases. A 33-year-old HIV-positive Hispanic male presented with a history of a rapidly growing axillary mass. Read More
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    Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase A Expression on Merkel Cell Carcinoma Cells.
    JAMA Dermatol 2017 Aug 9. Epub 2017 Aug 9.
    Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
    Importance: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a malignant neuroendocrine skin tumor frequently associated with the Merkel cell polyomavirus. Immune checkpoint therapy showed remarkable results, although not all patients are responsive to this therapy. Anti-tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA)-targeted treatment has shown promising results in several tumor entities. Read More
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    Mushroom-Like Skin Tumours: Report of Three Cases.
    Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2017 Jul 21;5(4):515-517. Epub 2017 Jul 21.
    Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical Institute of Ministry of Interior, and Onkoderma Policlinic for Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Sofia, Bulgaria.
    Mushroom like the growth of skin tumour is a rare phenomenon although described already in 1806 by Alibert, who focused on mycosis fungicides. We identified only four case reports in PUBMED database using the terms "mushroom-like growth" and "skin tumour". We analysed our files and identified three elderly female patients (69 to 94 years old). Read More
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    Expression of Merkelcell polyomavirus (MCPyV) large T-antigen in Merkel cell carcinoma lymph node metastases predicts poor outcome.
    PLoS One 2017 1;12(8):e0180426. Epub 2017 Aug 1.
    Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
    Background: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MCPyV in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) primaries versus lymph node metastasis and to evaluate possible prognostic factors.

    Methods: Samples of MCC primaries and lymph node metastases were stained immunohistochemically for the MCPyV large T-antigen and expression was compared to patients´ clinical outcome.

    Results: 41 MCC patients were included. Read More
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    Merkel Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Recommendations for Diagnostics and Treatment.
    Ann Surg Oncol 2017 Jul 31. Epub 2017 Jul 31.
    Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Würzburg University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany.
    Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive tumor that often occurs in the head and neck region. Because of these features, the classifications and diagnostic and treatment regimens are frequently modified. Especially in the anatomically complex head and neck region, it is crucial to be aware of the current recommendations for diagnostics and treatment of MCC to ensure appropriate treatment. Read More
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    Coincident Metastatic Melanoma and Merkel Cell Carcinoma with Complete Remission on Treatment with Pembrolizumab.
    Acta Derm Venereol 2017 Aug 1. Epub 2017 Aug 1.
    Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, DE-97080 Würzburg, Germany.
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    Identifying an Optimal Adjuvant Radiotherapy Dose for Extremity and Trunk Merkel Cell Carcinoma Following Resection: An Analysis of the National Cancer Database.
    JAMA Dermatol 2017 Jul 26. Epub 2017 Jul 26.
    Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
    Importance: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive cutaneous neuroendocrine neoplasm with a high risk of recurrence following resection. Despite a rising incidence over the past 3 decades, there is a paucity of prospective data owing to the rarity of this disease.

    Objective: To determine the optimal adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) dose following resection of localized MCC of the extremities or trunk. Read More
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    Postoperative radiation therapy is associated with a reduced risk of local recurrence among low risk Merkel cell carcinomas of the head and neck.
    Adv Radiat Oncol 2016 Oct-Dec;1(4):244-251. Epub 2016 Oct 20.
    Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
    Purpose: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and often aggressive skin cancer. Typically, surgery is the primary treatment. Postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) is often recommended to improve local control. Read More
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    Increased Expression of EZH2 in Merkel Cell Carcinoma Is Associated with Disease Progression and Poorer Prognosis.
    Hum Pathol 2017 Jul 21. Epub 2017 Jul 21.
    Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address:
    Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a histone methyltransferase that affects tumorigenesis by epigenetic gene silencing. Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma that has a high risk of disease progression with nodal and distant metastases. Here, we evaluated EZH2 expression by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 85 MCC tumors (29 primary tumors, 41 lymph node metastases, 13 in-transit metastases, and 2 distant metastases) with clinical follow-up. Read More
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    Surgical Management of Periocular Cancers: High- and Low-Risk Features Drive Treatment.
    Curr Oncol Rep 2017 Sep;19(9):57
    Section of Ophthalmology, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1445, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
    Purpose Of Review: Recent advances in the treatment of eyelid tumors have centered on the excision, evaluation of margins, role of sentinel lymph node biopsy, and adjunctive/adjuvant systemic and radiation therapy. The purpose of this review is to elaborate on these advances.

    Recent Findings: Mohs excision of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma continues to provide the greatest success in complete excision of the cancer, especially in those cases of high-risk disease including medial canthal location and recurrent disease. Read More
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    Novel Additions to the AJCC's New Staging Systems for Skin Cancer.
    Actas Dermosifiliogr 2017 Jul 18. Epub 2017 Jul 18.
    Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, España; IBSAL Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, España.
    The eighth edition of the staging manual of the American Joint Committee on Cancer incorporates important changes in the classification of skin cancers. Coming 40 years after the first edition, the latest manual preserves its specific system for Merkel cell carcinoma and takes into account recent publications on the prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma by defining a completely new T category for this neoplasm. Staging for squamous cell carcinoma considers head and neck tumors (excluding the eyelid) and does not offer solutions for other sites except the vulva, penis, and perianal region. Read More
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    Color Doppler Sonography of Merkel Cell Carcinoma.
    J Ultrasound Med 2017 Jul 20. Epub 2017 Jul 20.
    Institute for Diagnostic Imaging of the Skin and Soft Tissues, Santiago, Chile (X.W.); Department of Imaging, Clinica Servet, Santiago, Chile (X.W.); and Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
    We illustrate the color Doppler sonographic findings in primary cutaneous Merkel cell carcinoma. Eight cases (4 female and 4 male; mean age, 75.4 years) were collected. Read More
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    Preclinical evaluation of NF-κB-triggered dendritic cells expressing the viral oncogenic driver of Merkel cell carcinoma for therapeutic vaccination.
    Ther Adv Med Oncol 2017 Jul 13;9(7):451-464. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
    Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Research Campus, Hartmannstraße 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.
    Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but very aggressive skin tumor that develops after integration of a truncated form of the large T-antigen (truncLT) of the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) into the host's genome. Therapeutic vaccination with dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with tumor antigens is an active form of immunotherapy, which intends to direct the immune system towards tumors which express the respective vaccination antigens.

    Methods: Cytokine-matured monocyte-derived DCs of healthy donors and MCC patients were electroporated with mRNA encoding the truncLT. Read More
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    Management of cutaneous Merkel cell carcinoma.
    Acta Oncol 2017 Jul 15:1-4. Epub 2017 Jul 15.
    c Department of Otolaryngology , University of Florida College of Medicine , Gainesville , FL , USA.
    Purpose: To report the outcomes of patients with previously untreated cutaneous Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) managed with curative intent.

    Material And Methods: Between December 1984 and August 2015, 59 patients with previously untreated cutaneous MCC were managed with curative intent with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy (54 patients) or radiotherapy alone (5 patients) at the University of Florida. Primary sites included head and neck (45 patients), extremities (11 patients) and trunk (3 patients). Read More
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    Reviewing the current evidence supporting early B-cells as the cellular origin of Merkel cell carcinoma.
    Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017 Aug 3;116:99-105. Epub 2017 Jun 3.
    Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands. Electronic address:
    Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a highly malignant skin cancer characterized by early metastases and poor survival. Although MCC is a rare malignancy, its incidence is rapidly increasing in the U.S. Read More
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    EUS-FNA of the Merkel cell carcinoma metastasis to the pancreas: Cytomorphology and immunocytochemistry on direct cytological smears.
    Cytopathology 2017 Aug 6;28(4):307-311. Epub 2017 Jul 6.
    Department of Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia.
    Objective: To report two cases of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) metastatic to the pancreas diagnosed with endoscopic ultrasound-guided-fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and to add the case of concomitant chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) and MCC to the literature. The aim is to alert the cytopathologists once more to the problems of differential diagnosis of pancreatic metastasis of MCC and to describe the possibilities of ancillary methods performed on direct cytological smears.

    Methods: EUS-FNA procedures were performed according to standard institution protocol, using 22-G needles with cytopathologist on-site. Read More
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    Laparoscopic dissection of Merkel cell carcinoma recurrence at the pelvic lymph node.
    Asian J Endosc Surg 2017 Jul 6. Epub 2017 Jul 6.
    Gastroenterological Center, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.
    Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. It has a high propensity for recurrence and metastasis, and there is no clearly defined treatment. MCC recurrence at the pelvic lymph node has rarely been reported. Read More
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    Detection and quantification of Merkel cell polyomavirus. Analysis of Merkel cell carcinoma cases from 1977 to 2015.
    J Med Virol 2017 Jul 6. Epub 2017 Jul 6.
    Department of Microbiology, Unit of Virology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.
    This study investigates the presence of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) in skin lesions of patients with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). MCPyV was quantified using quantitative Real-Time-PCR (qRT-PCR) in 34 paraffinized MCC samples (resected/biopsied) originally taken between 1977 and 2015, and six non-MCC samples. In 31 (91. Read More
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    TdT expression in normal and neoplastic sebaceous cells.
    Histopathology 2017 Jul 5. Epub 2017 Jul 5.
    Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
    Aims: Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) is a DNA polymerase expressed in immature, normal and neoplastic, lymphoid or haematopoietic cells and in neuroendocrine carcinomas, such as Merkel cell carcinoma and small-cell carcinoma. It has not yet been described in cells of epithelial origin. After observing TdT immunoreactivity in normal sebaceous glands, we analysed its spectrum of expression in cases of sebaceous cell hyperplasia (SGH) and sebaceous cell neoplasm. Read More
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    Merkel cell carcinoma, melanoma, metastatic mimics of breast cancer.
    Semin Diagn Pathol 2017 Sep 31;34(5):479-495. Epub 2017 May 31.
    Stanford University School of Medicine, Dept of Pathology, L235 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, United States. Electronic address:
    Merkel cell carcinoma and melanoma can each occur primarily in breast skin, or metastasize to the breast. The breast is a rare site of metastasis of essentially any and every type of tumor, including carcinomas, sarcomas, and hematolymphoid neoplasms, and 10-30% of breast metastases may represent the initial presentation of disease. Although metastases generally recapitulate histologic features of the primary tumor, they are diagnostically challenging given their rarity and morphologic overlap with breast carcinoma, including special types of breast cancer. Read More
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    Tumor vascularization and clinicopathologic parameters as prognostic factors in merkel cell carcinoma.
    J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017 Jun 21. Epub 2017 Jun 21.
    Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
    Purpose: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive neuroendocrine tumor of the skin with an increasing incidence. The clinical course is variable and reliable prognostic factors are scarce. Tumor angiogenesis has been shown to have prognostic impact in different types of cancer. Read More
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    Frequent detection of Merkel cell polyomavirus DNA in tissues from 10 consecutive autopsies.
    J Gen Virol 2017 Jun 14;98(6):1372-1376. Epub 2017 Jun 14.
    2​Department of Pathology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy 1​Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont 'Amedeo Avogadro', Novara, Italy.
    Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) has been identified in samples of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), an aggressive skin cancer. Seroepidemiologic studies indicated a high frequency of MCPyV infection in humans, suggesting respiratory and faecal-oral routes, or transmission by skin contact. Since MCC is more frequent in immunocompromised patients, a reactivation of MCPyV latently infecting target cells has been proposed. Read More
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    Age and Gender Associations of Virus Positivity in Merkel Cell Carcinoma Characterized Using a Novel RNA In Situ Hybridization Assay.
    Clin Cancer Res 2017 Sep 12;23(18):5622-5630. Epub 2017 Jun 12.
    Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
    Purpose: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine tumor of the skin. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) plays an oncogenic role in the majority of MCCs. Detection of MCPyV in MCCs has diagnostic utility and prognostic potential. Read More
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    Constitutive and acquired mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint blockade in human cancer.
    Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2017 Aug 2;36:17-24. Epub 2017 Jun 2.
    San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
    Cancer immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies directed against regulatory pathways in T lymphocytes has been revolutionizing medical oncology, and the clinical success of monoclonal antibodies targeting either cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) or program death-1 (PD-1) in patients affected by melanoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, and head and neck, bladder, renal cell or non-small cell lung cancer is way beyond the most optimistic expectation. However, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has failed to arrest progression in a consistent amount of patients affected by those tumors, and various histological types, including breast, colon and prostate cancer, are less sensitive to this therapeutic approach. Such clinical findings have fueled massive research efforts in the attempt to identify pre-existing and acquired mechanisms of resistance to ICB. Read More
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    Real-world treatment outcomes in patients with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma treated with chemotherapy in the USA.
    Future Oncol 2017 Aug 13;13(19):1699-1710. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
    Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
    Aim: This retrospective study of patients in the USA with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (mMCC) aimed to assess patient responses to second-line and later (2L+) and first-line (1L) chemotherapy.

    Patients & Methods: Out of 686 patients with MCC identified in The US Oncology Network, 20 and 67 patients with mMCC qualified for the 2L+ and 1L study, respectively; the primary analysis population was restricted to immunocompetent patients.

    Results: In the 2L+ primary analysis population, objective response rate (ORR) was 28. Read More
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