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Neurochirurgie 2022 May 16. Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of neurosurgery, Jolimont Hospital, Rue Ferrer, 159, 7100 Haine-Saint-Paul, Belgium. Electronic address:

Background: The fabella is a sesamoid bone situated in the tendon of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle behind the lateral femoral condyle. Common fibular nerve injury may occur anywhere on its course and the most common etiology remains compression at the level of the head of the fibula. Compression by a fabella is a very unusual cause of common fibular nerve palsy and only few case reports are described in the literature. Read More

J Clin Invest 2022 May 17. Epub 2022 May 17.

Neuroscience Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A), the most common inherited demyelinating peripheral neuropathy, is caused by PMP22 gene duplication. Over-expression of wild-type PMP22 in Schwann cells destabilizes the myelin sheath, leading to demyelination and ultimately to secondary axonal loss and disability. No treatments currently exist that modify the disease course. Read More

Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2022 May 13. Epub 2022 May 13.

Case Western Reserve University/Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Background: Type 1 diabetes is associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk, but little is known regarding the effects of diabetes-related factors on BMD. We assessed whether these factors are associated with lower hip BMD among older adults with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was embedded in a long-term observational study, the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications study (EDIC), a cohort of participants with type 1 diabetes, who were originally enrolled in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), and were followed-up for more than 30 years at 27 sites in the USA and Canada. Read More

Asian J Endosc Surg 2022 May 9. Epub 2022 May 9.

Department of Surgery, Yokohama Sakae Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

An 80-year-old woman presented to our emergency department with vomiting which had begun half a day prior to presentation. She had undergone open mesh plug repair for a right obturator hernia 1 year prior to presentation. Computed tomography detected recurrence of the right obturator hernia. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2022 May 6;101:52-56. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Neurosurgery, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia; Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.

Meralgia paraesthetica is an entrapment neuropathy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, usually due to compression at the inguinal ligament as the nerve passes from the pelvis into the thigh. Surgical decompression of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve is a simple and effective treatment option, but the surgical anatomy of the area is not always familiar to neurosurgeons and neurosurgical trainees alike. This paper is a simple review of the relevant surgical anatomy and the surgical steps of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve decompression, with the aim of providing the busy surgeon and trainee a quick and easy reference guide to the procedure. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2022 Apr 19:3635465211051757. Epub 2022 Apr 19.

Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.

Background: Peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs) are vital in the administration of surgical analgesia and have grown in popularity for use in lower extremity arthroscopic procedures because of their capacity to safely and effectively control pain. The number and specificity of PNBs, however, have made choosing the best option for a procedure nebulous for orthopaedic surgeons.

Purpose: To present a narrative literature review of the PNBs available for arthroscopic hip and knee procedures that is adapted to an audience of orthopaedic surgeons. Read More

Int Urogynecol J 2022 Apr 6. Epub 2022 Apr 6.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Neuropathy following pelvic surgery is an uncommon but important complication. The current literature about the natural history and treatment of these neuropathies is limited. We aim to describe the characteristics, treatments and natural history of postoperative neuropathy following benign gynecologic surgery. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Feb;101(7):e28876

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.

Rationale: Spontaneous retroperitoneal hematomas due to anticoagulant therapy rarely occur. Retroperitoneal hematomas can cause severe pain in the groin, quadriceps femoris muscle weakness, hemodynamic instability, and abdominal distension. They rarely cause compressive neuropathy of the femoral nerve transversing the iliacus muscle. Read More

Cureus 2022 Feb 8;14(2):e22015. Epub 2022 Feb 8.

Intervention and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Unit, Centro de Reabilitação do Norte, Vila Nova de Gaia, PRT.

Meralgia paresthetica (MP) is one of the most common mononeuropathies of the lower limb, characterized by injury or compression of the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve at the level of the anterior superior iliac spine and inguinal ligament. Many predisposing factors, such as weight gain, obesity, and restrictive clothing, contribute to the injury of the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve along its course from the pelvis towards the thigh. Although a great number of cases are successfully treated with conservative measures, a subgroup of patients suffer chronic dysesthetic pain with intermittent flare-ups in their lifetime, with a negative impact on quality of life, requiring additional treatment. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg 2022 05 11;149(5):1147-1151. Epub 2022 Mar 11.

From the Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of St. John of God Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg; Department for Plastic, Reconstructive, and Hand Surgery, Nuremberg Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University; and Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Macroscopic and Clinical Anatomy, Medical University Graz.

Background: Meralgia paraesthetica is a mononeuropathy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. According to the literature, the nerve travels beneath the inguinal ligament 1.3 to 5. Read More

Maedica (Bucur) 2021 Dec;16(4):707-712

Scientific Research Laboratory, Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus.

There are many phenotypic variants of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. An Ancient Greek aryvallos painted c. 480-450 BC, now on display at the Louvre museum, was meticulously studied regarding its painted surface, which presents an outpatient clinic in Ancient Greece. Read More

Neurocirugia (Astur : Engl Ed) 2022 Mar 2. Epub 2022 Mar 2.

Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.

Meralgia paresthetica is a neurological disorder caused by a neuropathy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. Its aetiology can be spontaneous or iatrogenic. It is characterized by pain, paresthesia, and numbness in the anterolateral aspect of the thigh. Read More

Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2022 Feb 26;18(1):18. Epub 2022 Feb 26.

Department of Allergy and Respirology, Hiratsuka City Hospital, 1-19-1 Minamihara, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 254-0065, Japan.

Background: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is characterized by a necrotizing vasculitis with tissue and peripheral blood eosinophilia affecting small and medium-sized arteries, capillaries, and veins. Venous thromboembolic events are uncommon in EGPA. Moreover, there are only a few reported cases of EGPA complicated by pulmonary embolism or infarction. Read More

Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2022 Feb 11:103242. Epub 2022 Feb 11.

Surgery Department, Montreal University, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415, boulevard de l'Assomption, H1T 2M4 Montréal, Québec, Canada; Clinique Orthopédique Duval, 1487, boulevard des Laurentides, H7M 2Y3 Laval, Québec, Canada; Personalized Arthroplasty Society, 3525, Piedmont road NE, Building 5 suite 300, 30305 Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Complex anatomy of the proximal femur makes total hip arthroplasty (THA) more challenging. Short, straight, fluted and conical titanium stem like the Wagner Cone can be helpful to address small femoral canal, increased femoral neck version, important leg length discrepancy or proximal femoral deformity. The outcome in these patients is less assured and associated with high rate of complications. Read More

J Bone Miner Res 2022 May 8;37(5):837-847. Epub 2022 Mar 8.

Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is associated with an increased fracture risk, specifically at nonvertebral sites. The influence of glycemic control and microvascular disease on skeletal health in long-standing T1DM remains largely unknown. We aimed to assess areal (aBMD) and volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), bone microarchitecture, bone turnover, and estimated bone strength in patients with long-standing T1DM, defined as disease duration ≥25 years. Read More

Pain Manag 2022 May 21;12(4):409-416. Epub 2022 Jan 21.

Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Resident Physician, Memorial Rehabilitation Institute at Memorial Healthcare System, Memorial Regional Hospital South, 3600 Washington St, Hollywood, FL 33021, USA.

We present a 38-year-old morbidly obese male who presented with functionally limiting bilateral anterior thigh pain consistent with meralgia paresthetica. His symptoms had been unresponsive to conservative measures which included physical therapy, oral medications and multiple nerve blocks. Patient underwent a trial of spinal cord stimulation (SCS), experiencing 70% of pain relief. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Dec;100(52):e28379

Pain Management Unit, Hospital de Manises, Valencia, Spain.

Rationale: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a pain related to pelvic structures that arise from posttraumatic pain, postsurgical pain, or somatic or visceral pain syndromes. Despite the available treatment options, CPP remains mostly untreated, due to difficulties in covering such a large area.

Patient Concerns: A 46-year-old woman presented chronic low back pain and CPP for more than 1 year and 6 months respectively after multiple pelvic fractures. Read More

Cureus 2021 Nov 10;13(11):e19425. Epub 2021 Nov 10.

Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, TUR.

Introduction Neurologic complications after transplantation surgery are major causes of morbidity, and the incidence of neurologic complications among heart transplant recipients varies from 7% to 81%. In our study, we aimed to determine the incidence, etiologies, and risk factors of neurologic complications among patients readmitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) after heart transplantation. Method In this retrospective cohort study, the medical records of all patients who underwent cardiac transplantation from February 2003 to July 2019 were reviewed, and those admitted to the ICU due to neurologic complications during the early and late postoperative period were evaluated. Read More

Orthop J Sports Med 2021 Dec 7;9(12):23259671211055723. Epub 2021 Dec 7.

Department of Orthopedics, Xin-hua Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

Background: Subspine impingement (SSI) has been commonly managed with arthroscopic decompression. However, arthroscopic decompression is a demanding technique, as under- or over-resection of the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) could lead to inferior outcomes. An anterior mini-open approach has also been used in the management of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), and it could provide adequate visualization of the anterior hip joint without a long learning curve. Read More

Oxf Med Case Reports 2021 Nov 25;2021(11):omab112. Epub 2021 Nov 25.

Department of General Medicine, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore.

Meralgia paresthetica (MP) is a condition characterised by abnormal sensations on the anterolateral aspect of the thigh due to the dysfunction of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. Here, I present a case of a 64-year-old female cook who attended the General Medicine clinic with 2 months of persistent numbness and 'burning' sensation over the right anterolateral thigh. Subsequent physical examination revealed the diagnosis of meralgia paresthetica. Read More

Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021 Dec 10;72:103055. Epub 2021 Nov 10.

Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Forensic Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Purpose: Accidental femoral nerve injury is a well-known iatrogenic complication of orthopaedic, abdominal, and pelvic surgery. Because of the largely transitory nature of the symptoms associated with nerve damage, its true incidence is in all likelihood underestimated. This work aims to illustrate the surgical contexts within which this nerve injury is reported, based on the evidence obtained from a Scoping Review of the literature of the last 20 years, with specific reference to the underlying etiopathogenetic mechanisms and prognostic outcomes, to highlight the evaluation issues of medico-legal interest related to this pathology. Read More

Postgrad Med 2022 Jan 2;134(1):1-6. Epub 2021 Dec 2.

Department of Forensic Medicine, Nigde Training and Research Hospital, Nigde, Turkey.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (PFCN) lesions in patients referred to the electrophysiology laboratory with an initial diagnosis of sciatic nerve lesion following injection, and to create awareness that PFCN lesions can occur following intramuscular injections administered to the gluteal region.

Methods: Fifty-seven patients who were referred to the electrophysiology laboratory because of injection neuropathy were identified from the hospital records. In addition to the routine electrophysiological examination, PFCN sensory conduction study was performed according to the technique of Dumitru and Nelson. Read More

Neurol Clin 2022 02;40(1):175-190

University of California San Francisco, 400 Parnassus Avenue, 8th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.

Neuropathies are a common problem encountered by neurologist in the hospitalized setting. Nerve injury may occur secondary to compression, stretch, and direct trauma, among other causes. Common focal neuropathies include the ulnar, median, and radial nerve in the upper extremities and sciatic, peroneal, and femoral nerve in the lower extremities. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Nov;100(45):e27735

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Myongji Hospital, 14-55 Hwasu-ro, Deokyang-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.

Rationale: In recent years, the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment for pediatric patients with cardiorespiratory failure has increased, with emphasis being given to the prevention of complications in ECMO-treated patients. Several studies have reported ECMO-related central nervous system complications, such as intracranial hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, and seizure. However, few cases of peripheral nerve injury have been reported in ECMO-treated adults; there have also been no reported cases of peripheral nerve injury in the pediatric population. Read More

Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2022 Feb 10;62(2):75-79. Epub 2021 Nov 10.

Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School Hospital.

Peripheral nerve diseases are common. Para-lumbar spine diseases (PLSDs) include peripheral neuropathy around the lumbar spine, e.g. Read More

Orthop Rev (Pavia) 2021 29;13(2):24437. Epub 2021 May 29.

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston, MA; Pain Specialists of America, Austin, TX.

Meralgia paresthetica is a condition caused by entrapment of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve at the level of the inguinal ligament. This nerve is a purely sensory nerve and provides innervation to the anterolateral portion of the thigh. The condition can lead to numbness, paresthesia, dysesthesia, and pain over the anterolateral aspect of the thigh, which are exacerbated with walking, standing, and hip extension. Read More

Oper Orthop Traumatol 2022 Apr 5;34(2):90-97. Epub 2021 Nov 5.

Abteilung für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Brüder Salzburg, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität Salzburg, Kajetanerplatz 1, 5020, Salzburg, Österreich.

Objective: Treatment of non-responding pain to conservative treatment located at the anterolateral thigh with surgical decompression of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (LFCN).

Indications: Compression syndrome of the LFCN; patients suffering from the following symptoms: pain (dysesthesia), numbness (paresthesia), hypersensibility to temperature (or temperature changes) along the course of the LFCN located at the anterolateral thigh.

Contraindications: A new or recrudescent hernia with additional pain or recent laparoscopic hernia repair as a supposed iatrogenically induced compression of the LFCN. Read More

J Neurosci Rural Pract 2021 Oct 20;12(4):792-795. Epub 2021 Sep 20.

Department of Radiology, St. John's Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

 The traditional diagnosis of lumbar radiculoplexus neuropathy (LRN) is based on a classical sequence of symptoms and targeted electrodiagnostic examination by means of electromyography. Ultrasonography reliably indicates the level of lumbar radiculopathy by assessing edema mesial to the site of compression.  This case-control study was undertaken at a tertiary care hospital between July 2017 and June 2019 on 15 diabetic patients with symptoms of LRN. Read More

Cureus 2021 Sep 20;13(9):e18132. Epub 2021 Sep 20.

Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA.

This study includes three patients with various peripheral neuropathies after contracting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, treated both conservatively and surgically. While cases of neurological complications have been described, neuropathy associated with COVID-19 is under-reported in orthopaedic literature. These patients presented with ulnar neuropathy, critical care polyneuropathy (CCP) with anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) neuropathy, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) neuropathy. Read More

Pain Med 2021 Oct 20. Epub 2021 Oct 20.

Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey.