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Molecules 2022 Jun 17;27(12). Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Division of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.

, a Gram-positive bacterium, is an important swine and human pathogen, with serotype 2 being the most prevalent strain found worldwide. Deafness, meningitis, and death (in severe cases) are observed in -infected cases. Development of the ligands that can bind to with high affinity and specificity could be beneficial for the diagnosis and treatment of infection. Read More

Microorganisms 2022 May 31;10(6). Epub 2022 May 31.

Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt.

) constitutes the main part of the human skin microbiota. It is widespread in hospitals and among medical staff, resulting in being an emerging microbe causing nosocomial infections. , especially strains that cause nosocomial infections, are more resistant to antibiotics than other coagulase-negative Staphylococci. Read More

Infect Dis Rep 2022 Jun 3;14(3):420-427. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Å alata 3b, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.

Healthcare associated meningitis and ventriculitis (HCAMV) are serious complications of neurosurgical procedures. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with HCAMV treated at the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases Zagreb during the 2013-2019 period. A total of 144 patients with 151 episodes of HCAMV were included. Read More

Access Microbiol 2022 29;4(3):000335. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Department of Medical Microbiology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK.

Hydrocephalus is a common condition worldwide, and is frequently managed by diversion of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), either externally with a drain or internally with a shunt. An external ventricular drain (EVD) can be an essential treatment modality, but is associated with a risk of infection, most commonly caused by species, which can result in meningitis or ventriculitis and a delay in the definitive management of the hydrocephalus. Here, we report the case of a patient who required an EVD to manage post-operative hydrocephalus following a craniotomy and microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia. Read More

Infect Dis Ther 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Inserm CIC 1425, 75018, Paris, France.

Introduction: We aimed to describe patients with coexisting infective endocarditis (IE) and bacterial meningitis (BM).

Methods: We merged two large prospective cohorts, an IE cohort and a BM cohort, with only cases of definite IE and community-acquired meningitis. We compared patients who had IE and BM concurrently to patients with IE only and BM only. Read More

Chem Rev 2022 May 24. Epub 2022 May 24.

GSK, R&D, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is emerging as the next potential pandemic. Different microorganisms, including the bacteria , , , , , , , non-typhoidal , and , and the fungus , have been identified by the WHO and CDC as urgent or serious AMR threats. Others, such as group A and B , are classified as concerning threats. Read More

Int J Microbiol 2022 4;2022:9130700. Epub 2022 May 4.

Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.

() is responsible for several disorders including skin and soft tissue infections, bacteremia, pulmonary infections, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, meningitis, gastroenteritis, toxic-shock syndrome, and urinary tract infections. Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) contains penicillin-binding protein 2a (SauPBP2a) responsible for catalyzing the peptidoglycan production within the bacterial cell wall. The binding affinity of SauPBP2a to beta-lactam antibiotics is low, and thus, it is necessary to discover new effective SauPBP2a inhibitors to combat mortality and morbidity in patients affected by MRSA. Read More

PLoS One 2022 11;17(5):e0267949. Epub 2022 May 11.

Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique.

Background: Meningitis remains an important cause of morbi-mortality in adults in sub-Saharan Africa. Data on the etiological investigation of meningitis in adults in Mozambique is limited and most studies were conducted in southern Mozambique. Identification of the etiology of meningitis in adults are crucial to guide prevention and treatments strategies. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 7;14(4):e23907. Epub 2022 Apr 7.

Neurology, Sisters of St. Mary (SSM) Health DePaul Hospital, St. Louis, USA.

Ventriculitis is the inflammation of the ependymal lining of the ventricles in the brain which usually occurs as a complication of meningitis, intraventricular devices, intracranial surgery, or brain abscess. Common clinical features include fever, altered mental status, headache, and neck rigidity. Some commonly associated organisms are gram-negative , , and Here, we report the case of a 57-year-old female presenting with fever, headache, and altered mental status, along with positive physical examination findings of Kernig's and Brudzinski's signs without any focal neurological deficits. Read More

Microbes Infect 2022 Apr 29:104984. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Av. Francisco I. Madero, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, México. Electronic address:

Neonatal bacteremia remains the major cause of infectious diseases-related death, especially in preterm newborns. Gram-positive bacteria are the main causative agent of neonatal bacteremia and exhibit a high risk of causing pneumonia and/or meningitis. The pathogenesis of bacteremia in preterm newborn is poorly understood. Read More

Intern Emerg Med 2022 Apr 29. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.

J Int Med Res 2022 Apr;50(4):3000605221093216

Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Serbia.

Methicillin-resistant (MRS) predominantly colonizes the skin and mucous membranes of humans and other animals. We describe the case of a male newborn of gestational age 39 weeks whose primary and repeated blood cultures and cerebrospinal fluid samples isolated MRS. The choice and duration of antibiotic therapy were determined by the clinical presentation, infection parameters, and results of bacteriological analyses of blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples obtained from the newborn on the day 5 of life. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2022 Apr 14;23:e936096. Epub 2022 Apr 14.

Department of Internal Medicine, Olive View - UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, CA, USA.

BACKGROUND Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, also known as acute adrenal insufficiency due to adrenal gland hemorrhage, is an uncommon and frequently fatal condition classically presenting with fever, shock, rash, and coagulopathy. Although most often associated with Meningococcemia, many other etiologies have been implicated, including reports of Staphylococcus aureus infection on autopsy examinations. This report details an adult intravenous drug user with adrenal hemorrhage associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia. Read More

Mikrochim Acta 2022 04 1;189(4):169. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.

Functional bacterial enrichment magnetic beads ([email protected]@Fc-MBL) and Gram staining were combined for the fast diagnosis of infecting bacteria in meningitis. [email protected]@Fc-MBL has excellent microbial binding ability and can be used for bacterial enrichment from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The enriched bacteria are recognized by Gram stain at very low concentrations (10 CFU·mL). Read More

J Am Geriatr Soc 2022 Mar 29. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Background: Advanced age is a risk factor for unfavorable outcome in community-acquired bacterial meningitis, but clinical characteristics and outcome in meningitis patients of 80 years or older have not been defined.

Methods: We compared clinical characteristics and outcome of community-acquired bacterial meningitis patients aged 80 years or older and adults under 80 years old within a prospective nationwide cohort study.

Results: Out of 2140 episodes identified between March 2006 and July 2018, 149 occurred in patients aged 80 years or older (7%). Read More

Front Biosci (Schol Ed) 2022 01;14(1)

Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy.

Among central nervous system (CNS) infections (e.g., meningitis, brain abscess, ventriculitis, transverse myelitis), those caused by (SA) are particularly challenging both in management and treatment, with poor clinical outcomes and long hospital stay. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2022 Mar 23;23:e935198. Epub 2022 Mar 23.

Department of Critical Care Medicine, St. Joseph's University Medical Center, Paterson, NJ, USA.

BACKGROUND Sepsis is a leading global cause of mortality, with the most common causative agents being Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli. In septic patients with liver cirrhosis, the mortality rates are higher than in the general population due to altered liver function and an excessive innate immune response. In this demographic, sepsis is typically caused by spontaneous bacterial peritonitis or urinary tract infections and the causative agents are very predictable owing to known dysregulated immunological pathways studied in patients with cirrhosis. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2022 Mar 1;10(3):e05548. Epub 2022 Mar 1.

Department of Neurology Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine Kathmandu Nepal.

is one of the common causes of infective endocarditis (IE). IE can present with various neurological complications such as stroke, brain abscess, and meningitis, the mortality rate can be very high in such cases. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2022 Mar 3;22(1):210. Epub 2022 Mar 3.

Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Background: Community-acquired Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is an emerging pathogen that leads to severe outcomes, especially in pediatric patients with multiple sites infection.

Case Presentation: We report a case of multiple sites and life-threatening infection caused by CA-MRSA in a 6-year-old girl who manifested sepsis, myelitis, purulent arthritis, purulent meningitis, hydropericardium, pneumonia, and empyema. The girl exhibited good response to the combination therapy of linezolid and rifampicin after treatment failure of vancomycin with maximum dose due to its serum concentration unable to reach therapeutic goal. Read More

Antibiotics (Basel) 2022 Jan 24;11(2). Epub 2022 Jan 24.

CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.

is a nosocomial bacterium causing different infectious diseases, ranging from skin and soft-tissue infections to more serious and life-threatening infections such as sepsis, meningitis and endocarditis, which may be exacerbated by antibiotic resistance. Plant products may be seen as an alternative as antibacterial agents, namely, against . Thus, the aim of this work was to characterize the chemical composition and evaluate the bioactive properties of the essential oil (EO), with a focus on antimicrobial activity against . Read More

Infect Dis Clin North Am 2022 03;36(1):73-100

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, MSC 8116-43-10, St Louis, MO 63110, USA. Electronic address:

Staphylococcus aureus is a common skin commensal with the potential to cause severe infections resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Up to 30% of individuals are colonized with S aureus, though infection typically does not occur without skin barrier disruption. Infection management includes promptly addressing the source of infection, including sites of metastatic infection, and initiation of effective antibiotics, which should be selected based on local antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Read More

J Infect Chemother 2022 Jun 11;28(6):828-832. Epub 2022 Feb 11.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan; Department of Microbiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) can cause a wide variety of infections, ranging from skin and soft tissue infections to life-threatening invasive diseases such as necrotizing pneumonia and infective endocarditis. Here, we present a case of a healthy young female presenting with fever, headache and nausea, who was diagnosed with mitral valve infective endocarditis due to CA-MRSA and whose course was complicated by meningitis and multiple septic emboli. The causative MRSA strain belonged to sequence type 97 and harbored SCCmec â…£c but not lukS/F-PV genes. Read More

Microbiol Spectr 2022 02 9;10(1):e0146221. Epub 2022 Feb 9.

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the main pathogens in health care-associated ventriculitis and meningitis (HCAVM). This study aimed to assess antimicrobial susceptibility. Moreover, the treatment and clinical outcome were described. Read More

Open Forum Infect Dis 2022 Feb 25;9(2):ofab649. Epub 2021 Dec 25.

Department of Pharmacy, UCHealth - University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

Background: The relative distribution of cefazolin into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) remains debated. Determining the distribution of cefazolin into the CSF in noninfected adults may allow for further treatment applications of cefazolin. This prospective pharmacokinetic study aimed to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of cefazolin in serum and CSF from external ventricular drains (EVDs) in neurologically injured adults. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2022 02;71(2)

Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Wiad Lek 2022 ;75(1):27-33

BOGOMOLETS NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, KYIV.

Objective: The aim: To obtain the first estimates the incidence of surgical site infection in patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures and antimicrobial resistance of responsible pathogens, and determine their impact on inpatient mortality in Ukraine.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: We performed a multicenter prospective study was patient-based data of SSIs were according to CDC/NHSN methodology. This study included patients undergoing a neurosurgical procedure in 11 tertiary care hospitals from different regions of Ukraine from January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2020. Read More

J Neurosurg 2022 Jan 28:1-8. Epub 2022 Jan 28.

Objective: The efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in treating the symptoms of movement disorders can be life changing for patients. Thus, the 5%-15% incidence of stimulator-related infection requiring removal of the device can be particularly disheartening. Although DBS system reimplantation is generally successful, this is not always the case. Read More

Asian J Neurosurg 2021 Oct-Dec;16(4):714-718. Epub 2021 Dec 18.

Department of Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar.

Background And Objectives: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) have emerged as a major pathogen in nosocomial meningitis. This study was designed to describe the clinical profile, laboratory parameters, treatment, and outcomes of CoNS meningitis in patients admitted to Hamad General Hospital, Qatar.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective hospital-based study described the patients with CoNS meningitis from 2009 to 2013. Read More

Front Immunol 2021 7;12:807937. Epub 2022 Jan 7.

Neuro-intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.

A severely comatose female patient was diagnosed with Japanese encephalitis (JE). Her condition was complicated by Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). After antiviral, glucocorticoid, and immunoglobulin treatment, the patient's consciousness was restored, and she could breathe spontaneously. Read More

Lancet Reg Health West Pac 2022 Mar 3;20:100361. Epub 2022 Jan 3.

The Institute for Disease Prevention and Control of PLA, Beijing, China.

Background: Acute meningitis or encephalitis (AME) results from a neurological infection causing high case fatality and severe sequelae. AME lacked comprehensive surveillance in China.

Methods: Nation-wide surveillance of all-age patients with AME syndromes was conducted in 144 sentinel hospitals of 29 provinces in China. Read More