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mSystems 2021 Jun 8:e0004921. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China.

Bacterial meningitis shows a higher incidence in children than adults, but signs may be scarce. Although some pathogenic microorganisms of meningitis from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been reported, the signature of the representative microbiota in CSF and blood samples from patients remains incompletely revealed. To extend the understanding of the microbiome in patients, we recruited 32 children with bacterial meningitis, 30 undiagnosed infectious children, and 10 matched healthy individuals, which was followed by untargeted metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and bioinformatic analysis. Read More

Antibiotics (Basel) 2021 May 21;10(6). Epub 2021 May 21.

Drug Development Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile.

There is an urgent need for the development of new antibiotics. Here, we describe the inhibitory activity of new quinone compounds against methicillin-resistant (ATCC 43300), methicillin-sensitive . (ATCC 29213), and two clinical isolates from Chile (ISP-213 and ISP-214). Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2021 May 27;21(1):493. Epub 2021 May 27.

King Edward Medical University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.

Introduction: Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium which may be a causative agent of meningitis in premature infants and enterocolitis and bacteremia in neonates and adults. While there have been multiple cases of C. sakazakii infections, there have been no acute cholangitis cases reported in humans. Read More

Curr Top Med Chem 2021 May 23. Epub 2021 May 23.

Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.

Tea, a worldwide popular beverage rich in polyphenols, contributes in the prevention of many diseases and thus is beneficial to human health. Tea is a product through processing the fresh leaves picked from the plant Camellia sinensis (C. sinensis, genus Camellia section Thea). Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 May 11;14(5). Epub 2021 May 11.

Intensive Care Unit, Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, Aventura, Florida, USA.

A woman in her 60s with diabetes presented to our institution with altered mental status. Preceding symptoms included headaches, nausea and vomiting. One month prior to presentation, she cut her left thumb and developed a pustule, which she occasionally manipulated with a non-sterile needle. Read More

Front Microbiol 2021 22;12:649757. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.

The increasing emergence of bacterial strains with high VAN MICs (BS ), such as , , , , and , results in growing concern that VAN is not effective against these isolates. Due to the limited data on VAN against BS and the application limits of drugs currently considered to be effective for BS , exploration of "new usages for old drugs" is reasonable to improve and maximize the efficacy of existing antibiotics. This study aimed to construct a novel dosing strategy to mine the competence of VAN in the management of BS infections. Read More

Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2021 May 8. Epub 2021 May 8.

Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School.

The complications of endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (ETSS) include meningitis and sinusitis, and these complications are troublesome. Some reports have investigated the type of bacteria and the susceptibility of sphenoid sinus mucosal flora to drugs. However, most specimens can be collected after perioperative antibiotic administration. Read More

Biosens Bioelectron 2021 Aug 23;185:113267. Epub 2021 Apr 23.

School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea. Electronic address:

Without appropriate treatment, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection can cause life-threatening diseases (e.g. Read More

Front Immunol 2021 29;12:585316. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Department of Neurology, Center for Mental and Neurological Disorders and Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Central nervous system immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (CNS-IRIS) describes clinical characteristics that may be observed in previously immunocompromised patients during rapid restoration of immunity function in the presence of a pathogen. There have been no reports about CNS-IRIS related to bacterial meningitis so far. Here, we report a 24-year-old pregnant female patient with bacterial meningitis. Read More

Intern Med 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan.

Infective endocarditis (IE) may be acquired in the community as community-acquired (CA) IE or in the healthcare setting. In Japan, cases of CA-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection as skin infection have been increasing. CA-MRSA strains, including the USA300 clone, have higher pathogenicity and are more destructive to tissue than healthcare-associated MRSA strains because of the toxins they produce, including arginine-catabolic mobile element (ACME) and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL). Read More

Pathogens 2021 Mar 8;10(3). Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Antimicrobial Research Unit, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa.

Although is a major threat to the veterinary, agricultural, and public health sectors because of its zoonotic potential, studies on its molecular characterisation in intensive animal production are rare. We phenotypically and genotypically characterised antibiotic-resistant in intensive pig production in South Africa, using the farm-to-fork approach. Samples ( = 461) were collected from the farm, transport vehicles, and the abattoir using the World Health Organisation on Integrated Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (WHO-AGISAR) sampling protocol. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Mar 16;11(1):6028. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.

Bacterial meningitis is a neurological emergency with high morbidity and mortality. We herein investigated clinical features, etiology, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, and prognosis of bacterial meningitis in adults from a single tertiary center. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients with laboratory-confirmed bacterial meningitis from 2007 to 2016. Read More

Antibiotics (Basel) 2021 Feb 18;10(2). Epub 2021 Feb 18.

Antimicrobial Research Unit, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa.

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are increasingly associated with nosocomial infections, especially among the immunocompromised and those with invasive medical devices, posing a significant concern. We report on clinical multidrug-resistant CoNS from the uMgungundlovu District, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa, as emerging pathogens. One hundred and thirty presumptive CoNS were obtained from blood cultures. Read More

Infect Drug Resist 2021 15;14:565-574. Epub 2021 Feb 15.

Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.

Background: Bacterial meningitis is a bacterial infection that causes inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. The most frequent causes of bacterial meningitis are , and . This study aimed to determine bacterial meningitis and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns among adult patients. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2021 Feb 18;15(1):85. Epub 2021 Feb 18.

Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via Del Vespro, 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy.

Background: Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process. Healing of acute and chronic wounds can be impaired by patient factors (that is, comorbidities) and/or wound factors (that is, infection). Regenerative medicine products, such as autologous/homologous platelet-rich plasma gel, may speed up the healing process. Read More

Front Immunol 2020 15;11:612323. Epub 2021 Jan 15.

Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, India.

Background: There is paucity of literature on XLA from developing countries. Herein we report the clinical and molecular profile and outcome in a multicenter cohort of patients with XLA from India.

Methods: Data on XLA from all regional centers supported by the Foundation for Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases (FPID), USA and other institutions providing care to patients with PIDs were collated. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2021 Feb 14:1120672121994734. Epub 2021 Feb 14.

Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Health Ireland at Temple Street, Dublin, Ireland.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the aetiology, investigation and management of ophthalmia neonatorum (ON) presenting to a tertiary referral children's hospital over 5 years.

Methods: The eye swab data of all neonates presenting to Children's Health Ireland at Temple Street (Dublin, Ireland) between 1st January 2013 and 3rd September 2018 was analysed. The medical records of all patients with positive eye swab results were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Neuromodulation 2021 Feb 3. Epub 2021 Feb 3.

Division Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

Objectives: Intrathecal baclofen pump associated central nervous system (CNS) infection and meningitis is a rare but serious complication and may have dire consequences. Due to bacterial biofilm formation, the optimal treatment strategy is usually for removal of the pump, followed by systemic antibiotics for treatment of local and CNS infection. We describe this case of a patient with recurrent Staphylococcus aureus pump site empyema and meningitis leading to status dystonicus, who was successfully managed with radical debridement and intrareservoir baclofen-vancomycin co-infusion. Read More

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2021 01 30;10(1):24. Epub 2021 Jan 30.

Department of Pediatrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, No 20, 3rd Section of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.

Background: Pediatric bacterial meningitis (PBM) remains a devastating disease that causes substantial neurological morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, there are few large-scale studies on the pathogens causing PBM and their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns in China. The present multicenter survey summarized the features of the etiological agents of PBM and characterized their AMR patterns. Read More

Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2021 22;76:e2284. Epub 2021 Jan 22.

Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR.

Objectives: Bacterial and aseptic meningitis after neurosurgery can present similar clinical signs and symptoms. The aims of this study were to develop and test a molecular method to diagnose bacterial meningitis (BM) after neurosurgery.

Methods: A 16S ribosomal RNA gene PCR-based strategy was developed using artificially inoculated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) followed by sequencing. Read More

Int J Neurosci 2021 Jan 31:1-4. Epub 2021 Jan 31.

Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Purpose: The case with staphylococcus aureus meningitis accompanied by intracranial hemorrhage and cerebral infarction is very rare and cerebrovascular complications are often associated with poor outcome.

Materials And Methods: We describe the clinical characteristics and laboratory data of a patient with meningitis accompanied by cerebrovascular complications.

Results: The patient, a young male, was admitted to hospital with 3 weeks of fever, 10 days of slow reaction and 2 days of left limb strength decline. Read More

Mol Cell Proteomics 2021 Jan 11:100034. Epub 2021 Jan 11.

Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address:

Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of infections worldwide and infection results in a variety of diseases. As of no surprise, protein phosphorylation is an important game player in signaling cascades and has been shown to be involved in S. aureus virulence. Read More

J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 2021 4;26(1):92-98. Epub 2021 Jan 4.

Objective: Daptomycin is a lipopeptide antibiotic with rapid bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Reports regarding the use of daptomycin in infants are still limited. Thus, the objective of this report is to describe the safety and efficacy of daptomycin in premature infants with persistent coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) infection. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 Dec 30;22(1). Epub 2020 Dec 30.

Department of Obstetrics and Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.

During pregnancy, infections caused by the gram-positive bacteria (), (), and () are major reasons for preterm labor, neonatal prematurity, meningitis, or sepsis. Here, we propose cytokine responses to bacterial infections by the immature perinatal immune system as central players in the pathogenesis of preterm birth and neonatal sepsis. We aimed to close the gap in knowledge about such cytokine responses by stimulating freshly isolated umbilical blood mononuclear cells (UBMC) with lysates of , , and collected from pregnant women in preterm labor. Read More

Front Microbiol 2020 14;11:596175. Epub 2020 Dec 14.

Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Laboratory of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has become a widely used technology that can accurately detect individual pathogens. This prospective study was performed between February 2019 and September 2019 in one of the largest clinical neurosurgery centers in China. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of mNGS on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from neurosurgical patients for the diagnosis of external ventricular and lumbar drainage (EVD/LD)-associated ventriculitis and meningitis (VM). Read More

mBio 2020 12 15;11(6). Epub 2020 Dec 15.

Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

, a major cause of pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis worldwide, has the nasopharynges of small children as its main ecological niche. Depletion of pneumococci from this niche would reduce the disease burden and could be achieved using small molecules with narrow-spectrum antibacterial activity. We identified the alkylated dicyclohexyl carboxylic acid 2CCA-1 as a potent inducer of autolysin-mediated lysis of , while having low activity against 2CCA-1-resistant strains were found to have inactivating mutations in , known to be required for uptake of host polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as through inactivation of the transcriptional regulator gene , vital for endogenous, fatty acid synthesis regulation. Read More

Hosp Pediatr 2021 Jan 14;11(1):100-105. Epub 2020 Dec 14.

Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.

Objectives: To describe the characteristics and outcomes of afebrile infants ≤60 days old with invasive bacterial infection (IBI).

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study of infants ≤60 days old with IBI presenting to the emergency departments (EDs) of 11 children's hospitals from 2011 to 2016. We classified infants as afebrile if there was absence of a temperature ≥38°C at home, at the referring clinic, or in the ED. Read More

Infect Drug Resist 2020 23;13:4193-4202. Epub 2020 Nov 23.

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.

Introduction: Bacterial meningitis is a medical emergency that requires immediate medical attention. It causes an estimated 288,649 deaths worldwide per year, of which 94,883 death occur among children under 5 years old. Up to 24% of survivors suffer from long-term sequelae such as epilepsy, mental disability, or sensorineural deafness, especially when the disease is contracted during early childhood. Read More

Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2020 Jul-Aug;23(4):477-481. Epub 2020 Aug 14.

Department of General Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Background: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) secondary to infectious aetiology has become rare in the antibiotic era, but is still encountered in clinical practice occasionally. In this study, we describe the clinical profile, diagnosis, and management of patients with CVT secondary to an infectious aetiology.

Methods: This retrospective study included all adult patients over 15 years (1 January 2002 to 1 January 2017). Read More

J Infect Chemother 2021 Mar 15;27(3):526-529. Epub 2020 Oct 15.

Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Lincoln Medical Center, NY, USA.

Invasive pneumococcal infection, defined as the combination of pneumonia with endocarditis and meningitis, was described as Austrian syndrome in the 1800s. We report the case of a 63-year-old woman with underlying human immunodeficiency virus who presented with fever and altered mental status. Subsequent workup supported a diagnosis of Austrian syndrome. Read More