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    Onychophagia Induced Melanonychia, Splinter Hemorrhages, Leukonychia, and Pterygium Inversum Unguis Concurrently.
    Case Rep Dermatol Med 2018 30;2018:3230582. Epub 2018 Jan 30.
    Department of Dermatology, Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey.
    Onychophagia, which refers to compulsive nail-biting behavior, is common among children and young adults. Onychophagia can cause destruction to the cuticle and nail plate, leading to shortening of nails, chronic paronychia, and secondary infections. Relatively uncommon effects include pigmentary changes, such as longitudinal melanonychia and splinter hemorrhages. Read More
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    Dermoscopic features of onychotillomania: A study of 36 cases.
    J Am Acad Dermatol 2018 Apr 13. Epub 2018 Apr 13.
    Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
    Background: Onychotillomania is a nail-picking disorder characterized by nail dystrophy and abnormal morphology of the nail plate, nail bed, and periungual skin.

    Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the dermoscopic features of onychotillomania.

    Methods: A retrospective study of the dermoscopy images of 36 patients affected by onychotillomania. Read More
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    Case Report: Dermoscopic features of oral lichen planus - the evolution of mucoscopy.
    F1000Res 2018 6;7:284. Epub 2018 Mar 6.
    Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia.
    Dermoscopy, a non-invasive technique for cutaneous diagnosis is being increasingly studied in various disorders of the skin, nails and scalp. However, it has been under-utilized for the diagnosis and characterization of mucosal disorders. The dermoscopic characterization of cutaneous lichen planus and its variants has been well documented with Wickham's striae constituting the hallmark of the condition. Read More
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    Subungual Atypical Lentiginous Melanocytic Proliferations in Children and Adolescents: A Clinicopathologic Study.
    J Am Acad Dermatol 2018 Mar 27. Epub 2018 Mar 27.
    Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. Electronic address:
    Background: Most subungual melanocytic lesions in children are benign, but some are difficult to classify due to prominent lentiginous growth and high-grade cytologic atypia.

    Objective: To characterize the clinicopathologic features of these rare lesions.

    Methods: Subungual atypical lentiginous melanocytic proliferations from patients under 20 years of age were collected for clinical and histopathologic review. Read More
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    Longitudinal Melanonychia: Differences in Etiology Are Associated with Patient Age at Diagnosis.
    Dermatology 2017 19;233(6):446-455. Epub 2018 Mar 19.
    Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
    Background: Longitudinal melanonychia (LM) may occur as a result of nail apparatus melanoma. Knowledge of etiology plays an important role in the management of LM.

    Objectives: The study is aimed to compare the diagnosis of LM in different age groups. Read More
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    Cutaneous Adverse Reactions of Chemotherapy in Cancer Patients: A Clinicoepidemiological Study.
    Indian J Dermatol 2018 Jan-Feb;63(1):41-46
    Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, S. P. Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India.
    Background: The diagnosis of cutaneous adversities in the cancer patient is especially difficult, given the complexity of their illness and combination protocols used for the treatment. The present study was undertaken to know the spectrum of cutaneous adversities in patients undergoing chemotherapy and the drug(s) most commonly associated with it.

    Materials And Methods: A total of 1000 patients with malignancies under chemotherapy in the oncology ward and outpatient department were screened in this observational study from January 2013 to February 2015. Read More
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    A pediatric case of unusual melanocytic proliferation of the nail.
    Dermatol Online J 2017 Jul 15;23(7). Epub 2017 Jul 15.
    New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York.
    Pigmentation of the nail plate, or melanonychia, is typically a benign condition caused by melanocyte activation. Although rare, melanonychia may be the initial presentation of melanoma, thus all cases require an in-depth examination. Evaluation in pediatric patients can prove especially difficult as benign cases have a higher prevalence of atypia compared to adults. Read More
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    Early Detection of Subungual Melanoma : Proposal of ABCD Strategy in Clinical Practice Based on Case Series.
    Ann Dermatol 2018 Feb 26;30(1):36-40. Epub 2017 Dec 26.
    Department of Dermatology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
    Background: Prevalence of subungual melanoma (SUM) in Asian population is relatively high and early clinical detection improves both quality of life and survival.

    Objective: We sought to establish screening strategy for SUM .

    Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 8 patients pathologically diagnosed as SUM between January 2015 and September 2016. Read More
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    Congenital longitudinal melanonychia: a case report.
    Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Pannonica Adriat 2017 Dec;26(4):119-120
    Department of Dermatology, University Medical Centre, Maribor, Slovenia.
    Congenital longitudinal melanonychia is rarely seen in Caucasians and poses a diagnostic dilemma. It is characterized by the presence of hyperpigmented brown or black streaks visible in the nail plate. We present the case of 20-month-old boy with congenital longitudinal melanonychia, the diagnostic procedure, and management. Read More
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    Laugier-Hunziker syndrome: A case report.
    J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018 Apr 12;119(2):158-160. Epub 2017 Dec 12.
    Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 210008 Nanjing, China. Electronic address:
    Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS) is a rare, benign, acquired pigmentary condition mainly affecting lips, oral mucosa and acral area, frequently associated with longitudinal melanonychia. Herein, we reported a 45-year-old female case with LHS. The clinical, dermoscopic, histopathologic features of LHS were reviewed and the important differential diagnosis was discussed. Read More
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    A Novel Window Technique Using CO2 Laser, and a Review of Methods for Nail Matrix Biopsy of Longitudinal Melanonychia.
    Dermatol Surg 2017 Nov 6. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
    *Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; †Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; ‡Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging and Hair Research, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
    Background: Nail matrix histopathological examination is essential to diagnose longitudinal melanonychia (LM). Several methods for nail matrix biopsy have been introduced but are often difficult to perform because of their invasiveness and technical difficulty. Therefore, a less invasive and novel biopsy technique is needed. Read More
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    Clinicopathologic features of 28 cases of nail matrix nevi (NMNs) in Asians: Comparison between children and adults.
    J Am Acad Dermatol 2018 Mar 26;78(3):479-489. Epub 2017 Oct 26.
    Department of Dermatology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
    Background: Clinical distinction between nail matrix nevus (NMN) and subungual melanoma (SUM) can be challenging. More precise delineation of the clinicodermoscopic characteristics specific for NMNs is needed.

    Objective: We sought to analyze the clinicopathologic features of childhood and adult NMNs and to propose clinicodermoscopic features that can aid in differentiating NMNs from SUM. Read More
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    "Dots and lines": A melanonychia striata in regression: Report of a case.
    Pediatr Dermatol 2017 Nov 2;34(6):e321-e323. Epub 2017 Oct 2.
    Department of Dermatology, Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
    A 2-year-old Caucasian boy with melanonychia striata with multiple striking pits on the nail plate of one fingernail is described. Nail disorders often pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for clinicians, especially melanonychia striata, because of the fear of a subungual melanoma. Only a few childhood cases of melanonychia striata have been described, and the multiple pits are even less common. Read More
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    Distinct Patterns and Aetiology of Chromonychia.
    Acta Derm Venereol 2018 Jan;98(1):108-113
    Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseo-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, Korea.
    Abnormal colouring of the nails may be a sign of underlying systemic or local disorders. This study investigated the prevalence and causes of chromonychia as a whole, as well as of each subtype. Among 163 patients with chromonychia, trauma was the pathogenesis in up to 20. Read More
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    Twenty-Nail Transverse Melanonychia Induced by Hydroxyurea: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
    J Drugs Dermatol 2017 Aug;16(8):814-815

    Twenty-nail transverse melanonychia from hydroxyurea is a rare phenomenon, only reported four times previously. Here we describe a 51-year-old female who presented with 20-nail transverse melanonychia 3 months after initiating hydroxyurea therapy. Transverse melanonychia is a benign process but can cause patients significant distress, and thus is an entity with which dermatologists should recognize. Read More

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    Spontaneous Regression of a Nail Matrix Melanocytic Nevus in a Child.
    Pediatr Dermatol 2017 Sep 14;34(5):e254-e256. Epub 2017 Aug 14.
    Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
    A 14-year-old Hispanic boy presented with a 0.25-mm wide, sharply demarcated, dark brown band of longitudinal melanonychia of the left thumbnail. A clinical diagnosis of nail matrix nevus was made and the boy was scheduled for follow-up. Read More
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    Acral Lentiginous Melanoma, Indolent Subtype Diagnosed by Excision: A Case Report.
    Ann Dermatol 2017 Jun 11;29(3):327-330. Epub 2017 May 11.
    Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
    Nail unit melanoma is a type of acral lentiginous melanoma and requires histopathologic examination for a confirmed diagnosis. However, inadequate biopsy techniques make definitive diagnosis difficult. A 61-year-old man presented with progressive nail pigmentation for 15 years, which was clinically highly suspicious for malignancy. Read More
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    Dermoscopy in the Evaluation of Nail Disorders.
    Skin Appendage Disord 2017 May 8;3(2):70-82. Epub 2017 Mar 8.
    Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
    Nail dermoscopy was initially used only in the assessment of nail pigmentation, but now it is widely utilized for the evaluation of many nail disorders. In daily practice, dermoscopy may confirm clinical diagnoses and guides in the management of nail diseases and treatments, permitting a better visualization of symptoms. Dry dermoscopy is required for evaluation of the nail plate surface, while gel as an interface is necessary for assessment of nail pigmentation and onycholysis, as well as for the evaluation of the distal nail margin. Read More
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    Longitudinal melanonychia in childhood: a clinical and histopathological review of Korean patients.
    Eur J Dermatol 2017 Jun;27(3):275-280
    Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.
    Longitudinal melanonychia is not frequently observed in children, and few studies exist on longitudinal melanonychia in paediatric patients, especially in Asian populations. We aimed to evaluate the clinical and histological findings of longitudinal melanonychia in Korean paediatric patients. A retrospective review of paediatric patients (≤18 years old) with longitudinal melanonychia who underwent nail biopsy between January 2010 and October 2015 was performed. Read More
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    Longitudinal melanonychia in an Iranian population: a study of 96 patients.
    Int J Womens Dermatol 2016 Jun 29;2(2):49-52. Epub 2016 Apr 29.
    Autoimmune Bullous Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.
    Background: Longitudinal melanonychia (LM) can be a challenging sign since it may be caused by a wide variety of benign and malignant conditions. Cutaneous melanoma is the most important cause of LM. Objective: We performed this study to examine different aspects of LM in Iran, where cutaneous melanoma is rare. Read More
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    Onychotillomania: Diagnosis and Management.
    Am J Clin Dermatol 2017 Dec;18(6):763-770
    Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1305 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
    Onychotillomania, defined as self-induced trauma to the nail unit, either by picking or pulling at the nails, affects 0.9% of the population. It may lead to severe irreversible nail dystrophy, melanonychia, or infections. Read More
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    Dermoscopic evaluation of melanonychia.
    J Dermatol 2017 May;44(5):515-517
    Department of Dermatology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
    The prevalence of melanonychia is approximately 1%, and it is a common symptom encountered in daily practise. However, it may also be the first symptom of melanoma of the nail apparatus. Evaluation of adult melanonychia with clinical information and clinical images is sometimes difficult for clinicians. Read More
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    Pigmented onychomatricoma: Four cases.
    Australas J Dermatol 2018 Feb 23;59(1):e66-e69. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
    Dermatology Department, Municipal Public Hospital of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
    Onychomatricoma (OM) presenting as a longitudinal melanonychia is a very uncommon clinical presentation with very few cases in the literature. Our aim in this article is to report four cases of pigmented OM, and describe their clinical and dermoscopic findings and the importance of the differential diagnoses, especially with melanoma. Read More
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    Frequency of Subungual Melanoma in Longitudinal Melanonychia: A Single-Center Experience.
    Dermatol Surg 2017 Jun;43(6):798-804
    *Weill Cornell/New York Presbyterian, Division of Dermatology, New York, New York; †Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Dermatology Service, New York, New York; ‡Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, New York, New York.
    Background: Clinical and dermatoscopic guidelines are used to differentiate between benign longitudinal melanonychia (LM) and subungual melanoma; however, the frequency of malignancy among patients undergoing a biopsy for LM is not well defined.

    Objective: To describe the histologic diagnoses and malignancy among patients undergoing a biopsy for clinical LM.

    Methods: Retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients who underwent a nail biopsy for LM at a single cancer center between 2000 and 2014. Read More
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    Fungal Melanonychia: Ungual Phaeohyphomycosis caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea.
    Acta Derm Venereol 2017 06;97(6):765-766
    Noguchi Dermatology Clinic, 1834-1 Namazu, Kashima-machi, Kamimashiki-gun, Kumamoto 861-3101, Japan. Noguchi Dermatology Clinic, 1834-1 Namazu, Kashima-machi, Kamimashiki-gun, Kumamoto 861-3101, Japan.
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    Cyclophosphamide and Doxorubicin Induced Melanonychia: A Case Report.
    J Clin Diagn Res 2017 Jan 1;11(1):OD04-OD05. Epub 2017 Jan 1.
    Lady Medical Officer, Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University , Manipal, Karnataka, India .
    Chemotherapeutic agents may rarely cause discoloration and hyperpigmentation of the nails. We present a patient who developed blackish discoloration of nails also referred as melanonychia during six cycles of R-CHOP chemotherapy regimen (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) for the treatment of Non Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) follicular type. The patient developed blackish brown discoloration in all the nails. Read More
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    Nail neoplasms.
    J Dermatol 2017 Mar;44(3):279-287
    Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
    Nail neoplasms include all tumors occurring in the nail or periungual apparatus tissue. While some nail tumors can be similar to tumors located on the skin, others are unique. Both benign and malignant lesions can affect the nail apparatus. Read More
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    Nail apparatus melanoma initially diagnosed as nail matrix blue nevus: a case report with dermatoscopy and dermatopathology.
    Dermatol Pract Concept 2017 Jan 31;7(1):63-66. Epub 2017 Jan 31.
    Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Australia.
    We present a case of nail apparatus melanoma in a 50-year-old woman presenting as new and changing longitudinal melanonychia of the right thumb. Very heavy melanin pigmentation involving both the epidermis and dermis interfered with dermatopathological assessment, which initially leads to a diagnosis of nail matrix blue nevus. After consultation with a specialist multidisciplinary clinic the diagnosis was revised to invasive melanoma, a diagnosis consistent with the clinical and dermatoscopic assessment. Read More
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    Assessment of Patient Knowledge of Longitudinal Melanonychia: A Survey Study of Patients in Outpatient Clinics.
    Skin Appendage Disord 2017 Jan 9;2(3-4):156-161. Epub 2016 Nov 9.
    Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
    Importance: Subungual melanoma (SM) is a rare subtype of cutaneous melanoma but carries a worse prognosis than similarly staged cutaneous melanomas. Assessing patient knowledge of melanonychia is integral to early diagnosis of SM.

    Objectives: The aim of this paper is to determine patient knowledge of longitudinal melanonychia (LM) and warning signs for SM, frequency of nail self-examinations, and satisfaction of patients with their physician's nail examinations. Read More
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    Onychomatricoma: A Case Report with 5-year Follow-up.
    J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2016 Oct-Dec;9(4):270-273
    Sector of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
    The authors present a case of onychomatricoma, a rare benign tumour of the nail matrix, first described by Baran and Kint in 1992. The lesion appeared on the proximal nail fold, covering half the nail of the second left finger. The nail was thickened and yellowish with longitudinal melanonychia. Read More
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    Nail disorders: Kids are not just little people.
    Clin Dermatol 2016 Nov - Dec;34(6):736-741. Epub 2016 Jul 11.
    Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY. Electronic address:
    Nail disorders comprise an important subset of dermatologic conditions and often pose both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to the clinician. Presentation and management can differ in adults and children. Proper understanding of these differences is important in delivering optimal patient care. Read More
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    Dermoscopic patterns of fungal melanonychia: A comparative study with other causes of melanonychia.
    J Am Acad Dermatol 2017 Mar 25;76(3):488-493.e2. Epub 2016 Oct 25.
    Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
    Background: Diagnosing fungal melanonychia (FM) is often difficult because it mimics melanonychia caused by other factors. Dermoscopy is helpful in the setting of nail pigmentation. However, the diagnostic characteristics of FM on dermoscopy are not fully elucidated. Read More
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