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Urologe A 2020 Mar;59(3):261-265

Zentrum für Kinder‑, Jugend- und rekonstruktive Urologie, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Deutschland.

A primary, congenital megaureter means a dilatation of the ureter with a ureteric diameter ≥7 mm due to a structural or functional obstruction of the ureterovesical junction and represents the second most likely cause of neonatal hydronephrosis. Conservative management is the primary treatment option for many patients due to a high spontaneous remission rate of up to 85%. Concerning diagnostic management, meticulous and repeat postnatal evaluation by ultrasound is mandatory to identify patients who are at risk of renal deterioration. Read More

Urology 2018 Mar 1;113:e7-e8. Epub 2017 Dec 1.

Department of Urology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.

We describe the imaging findings of a 19-year-old female patient who presented with recurrent urinary tract infections and pain abdomen which was diagnosed to be due to a left-sided focal segmental megaureter with a calculus. The highlights of the case are functioning moiety with no other associated anomalies like vesicoureteral reflux, Duplex system, and so on. Read More

Int Urol Nephrol 2016 Dec 2;48(12):1937-1941. Epub 2016 Sep 2.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated To Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.

Purpose: To describe a modified ureteral orthotopic reimplantation method in infant with primary obstructive megaureter (POM) and report our initial experience.

Methods: Thirteen children with POM (range 1-7 months) underwent modified transvesical ureteral implantation surgery. Treatment consists of transecting the ureter proximal to the obstruction and performing orthotopic reimplantation in end freely fashion with distal ureter protruding into the bladder, providing dilated ureteral diameter: ureteral exposure length in bladder ratio of 1:1. Read More

Anat Sci Int 2016 Jun 19;91(3):290-4. Epub 2015 Aug 19.

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Ostraviensis Universitas, Syllabova 19, 703 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic.

The ureter is a derivate of the Wolffian mesonephric duct and undergoes complex changes during development. The most common developmental anomaly is complete duplication of the ureter. Duplication of the ureter may be complete or incomplete. Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2014 Oct 28;10(5):824-30. Epub 2014 Feb 28.

Pusan National University Hospital & College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.

Objective: An obstructed megaureter can be managed using a number of techniques, with the primary goal being to minimize the potential for further injury to the affected kidney. Classically, these obstructed ureters have been treated using cutaneous ureterostomy. However, this technique has certain limitations including the potential for stenosis. Read More

Chin Med Sci J 2011 Jun;26(2):103-8

Department of Radiology, Peking University Peopleos Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.

Objective: To observe the imaging findings of congenital megaureter in order to enhance the understanding of this disease.

Methods: Image data of 5 patients with congenital megaureter and 2 misdiagnosed patients were analyzed, and image findings of congenital megaureter were summarized.Elscint Prestig 2. Read More

Med Arh 2011 ;65(1):58-60

Department of nuclear medicine and oncology, University Clinical Center of Kosova, Prishtina, Kosova.

Aim: There are lots of factors which cause the dilatation of one or both ureteres. Congenital absence of ureterovesical junction was reported as very rare cause of megaureter. Early detection of congenital absence of normal ureterovesical junction offers utilities for reconstruction and prevents the complications such as megaureter and vesicoureteral reflux. Read More

Pediatr Surg Int 2009 Jun 13;25(6):513-7. Epub 2009 May 13.

Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India.

Aim: To review cases of congenital ureteric stenosis treated in the period between 1999 and 2007. We propose to analyze the type of presentation, management and results.

Material And Methods: We report 17 children aged 20 days to 8 years with obstructive uropathy due to congenital stenosis of the ureter at one or more levels. Read More

Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2008 May;8(2):126-30

Institute of Histology and Embryology, University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Medicine, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Congenital anomalies of the urinary system are relatively common anomalies. In Bosnia and Herzegovina there is no existent unique evidence of congenital anomalies and registries. The aim of this study was to obtain the frequency of different urinary tract anomalies types and their sex distribution among cases hospitalized in the Department of Pediatric Surgery of the University of Sarajevo Clinics Centre, Bosnia and Herzegovina, during the period from January 2002 to December 2006. Read More

Lymphat Res Biol 2008 ;6(1):39-44

Department of Pediatrics, NYU Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA.

Consanguinity allows for the expression of rare genetic disorders. We present the first case of an infant, born to consanguineous parents, with congenital lamellar ichthyosis, congenital lymphatic malformation, congenital hypothyroidism, bilateral megaureter, benign external hydrocephalus, and syrinx of the spinal cord. We review the disorders, examine their genetic causes, and explore the genetic connection among them. Read More

Rom J Morphol Embryol 2007 ;48(4):381-90

Department of Anatomy, Compartment of Clinical Anatomy and Surgical Techniques, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.

Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract are frequent. They can be detected once every 500 ultrasonography fetal examinations. Causes that determine a dilated ureter compared to the rest of the urinary tract are still partly unknown. Read More

Int J Urol 2007 Jun;14(6):491-5

Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Pediatric Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.

Aim: To evaluate if a complete urological screening is justified by potential urological anomalies in newborns or infants with asymptomatic renal ectopia (RE).

Methods: The database records of 60 consecutive neonatal cases of RE diagnosed at the authors' hospital from 1990 to 2004 were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: At diagnosis, mean patient age was 1. Read More

Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2006 Oct-Dec;110(4):905-7

Clinica a III-a Obstetrica Ginecologie, Spitalul de Obstetrica Ginecologie "Elena Doamna", Iaşi.

Unilateral mild hydronephrosis with ureteral dilatation is a condition that can be detected by careful prenatal ultrasound examination. We present such a case, in a 26 year pregnant woman with hereditary antecedents (mother with Ombredan disease). The fetal ultrasound at 34 weeks indicated a left anechogenic sinuous image, identified as dilated ureter, and connected to a grade 2 hydronephrotic kidney. Read More

Med Pregl 2004 Nov-Dec;57(11-12):573-8

Institut za zdravstvenu zastitu dece i omladine, Novi Sad.

Congenital gastrointestinal anomalies include spectrum of malformations, simple ones as well as complex, which are associated with anomalies of other organs and systems of organs. Most infants (50-60%) with imperlbrate anus also have genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and vertebral anomalies. This case report is of a female newborn with prenatally diagnosed duodenal atresia and right hydronephrosis. Read More

Pediatr Surg Int 2005 Mar 2;21(3):212-6. Epub 2004 Dec 2.

The Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland.

Congenital obstructive uropathy is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the human neonate. The pathophysiology of congenital obstructive uropathy is poorly understood. There are very few experimental models of prenatal obstruction of the urinary tract, except in the fetal lamb or inbred rats. Read More

Arch Ital Urol Androl 2003 Sep;75(3):158-60

Servicio de Urologia, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

The diagnosis of congenital anomalies of the urogenital tract in the adult is uncommon. Complete ureteral duplication represents a congenital anomaly of the ureters, usually draining a duplex kidney, with a second orifice entering the bladder, urethra or other structures. In the majority of cases, this pathology is completely asymptomatic; sometimes it's diagnosed because of complications such as infections, hydronephrosis, lithiasis, or in the evaluation of the urinary tract. Read More

Pediatr Int 2003 Oct;45(5):598-604

Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN, USA.

Ectopic budding of the initial ureter from the Wolffian duct is the first ontogenic misstep that leads to many congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). The ectopia results in hypoplastic kidney, ectopia of ureterovesical orifice, urinary outflow obstruction and/or reflux. Recent studies on several mutant mouse models verified that ectopic ureteric budding indeed occurs prior to the formation of CAKUT. Read More

Radiographics 2002 Sep-Oct;22(5):1139-64

Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hospital Infantil La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046, Spain.

Congenital anomalies of the lower urinary tract are a significant cause of morbidity in infancy. Radiologic investigation is an important source of clinical information in lower urinary tract disorders but should not inconvenience the patient, expose the patient to unnecessary radiation, or delay surgical correction. In pediatric patients with suspected underlying urologic structural anomalies, screening ultrasonography is commonly the initial diagnostic study. Read More

Arch Esp Urol 2001 Nov;54(9):926-36

Servicio de Urología, Unidad de Litiasis, Ciudad Sanitaria, Universitaria de Bellvitge, Barcelona, España.

Objective: To evaluate the treatment of urinary calculi in renoureteral malformations.

Methods: From April 1988 to December 2000, we have treated 158 patients with renoureteral malformations (36 horseshoe kidneys, 32 caliceal diverticula, 2 megacaliosis, 2 crossed renal ectopy, 3 polycystosis, 7 hydrocalyx, 24 complete duplex ureter, 18 incomplete duplex ureter, 22 ureterocele, 2 segmental megaureter).

Results: Renoureteral malformations were diagnosed in 158 of 19,000 patients that were treated in our stone unit from April 1988 and December 2000. Read More

J Endourol 2000 Apr;14(3):263-7

Maharashtra Medical Foundation, Pune, India.

Background And Purpose: Congenital obstructive megaureter (COMU) may be unilateral or bilateral and may present in later years of life. If the obstruction is not relieved in good time, deleterious effects on the proximal ureter and kidney are well known. Stones may complicate the situation further. Read More

Ann Urol (Paris) 1998 ;32(4):197-201

Service de Chirurgie Infantile, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris.

Between 1989 and 1997, 23 children with primary obstructive megaureter underwent surgical repair, routinely using a vesico-psoas hitch ureteroneocystostomy. Ten of them had a antenatal diagnosis. Mean postoperative follow-up was 3 years. Read More

Prog Urol 1997 Feb;7(1):112-9

Service d'Urologie, Hôpital Huriez, Lille, France.

Primary megaureter is a congenital dilatation of the ureter secondary to obstruction of its terminal portion. It must be corrected surgically only when its obstructive nature can be demonstrated and/or in the presence of complications (especially when it is associated with vesicoureteric reflux). Surgical treatment must always include resection of the obstructive part and ureterovesical reimplantation with an anti-reflux device. Read More

Ann Univ Mariae Curie Sklodowska Med 1996 ;51:109-13

Zakład Radiologii Pediatrycznej Akademii Medycznej w Lublinie.

In this report cases of the coincidence of vesicoureteral reflux with different congenital abnormalities have been described. Radiological and ultrasonographic examinations of 240 children with 324 vesicoureteral refluxes showed the presence in 8.7% additional congenital anomalies such as: duplex pelvicaliceal system and duplex ureter, ureterocele, horseshoe kidney, primary megaureter, ureteropelvic junction obstruction, posterior urethral valves, neurogenic bladder. Read More

Eur J Pediatr Surg 1995 Dec;5(6):338-41

Department of Paediatric Surgery, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.

Due to the widespread use of obstetrical ultrasonography with concomitant fetal screening, congenital uropathies are usually diagnosed in asymptomatic neonates. The main issue is to distinguish those cases of dilatation which are clearly obstructive and need surgical treatment from those which are within the normal anatomical range. Out of 47 patients with primary megaureter, 23 were nonobstructive and these are the subject of our study. Read More

Cir Pediatr 1995 Apr;8(2):51-4

Departamento de Cirugía Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario Materno-Infantil Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona.

We present our follow-up protocol of congenital megaureter (PCM) diagnosed early thanks to showing prenatal ultrasound the dilatation in the urinary system. 47 PCM were studied retrospectively in 35 babies, out of 240 cases of prenatal renal dilatation, from 1984 to 1993. The final diagnosis was established with the early use of ultrasound, cystography, intravenous urography (IVU) and isotope test. Read More

Urol Nefrol (Mosk) 1995 Mar-Apr(2):19-21

The paper reports the analysis of 62 cases of posterior urethra valves treated from 1988 to 1993 in the Central Children's Hospital of Russia. The patients' age ranged from 6 months to 14 years. The patients were examined with the use of urethroscopy, urethrography and urodynamic tests providing accurate differential diagnosis of the urethral valves and other infravesical obstructions. Read More

Actas Urol Esp 1993 Jun;17(6):351-6

Sección de Urología Pediátrica, Hospital 12 de Octubre.

Due to the widespread use of obstetrical ultrasonography with concomitant fetal screening, congenital uropathies are usually diagnosed in asymptomatic neonates. The main issue is to distinguish those cases of dilatation which are clearly obstructive and need surgical treatment from those which are within the normal anatomical range. Out of 47 patients with primary megaureter, 23 were nonobstructive, these are the aim of our study. Read More

Eur Urol 1993 ;24(4):505-10

Division of Urology, Hôpital Debrousse, Lyon, France.

Systematic antenatal ultrasonography has significantly altered the conditions of diagnosis of megaureters. Pediatric urologists are now confronted with a large group of neonates with asymptomatic megaureter. Furthermore, reports of spontaneous resolution of primary megaureter without reflux have become common. Read More

Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 1990 Jan;81(1):122-9

Department of Urology, Hyogo College of Medicine.

The routine use of maternal ultrasonography has led to frequent discovery of fetal anatomical abnormalities of the urinary tract. Herein we report on 35 cases with congenital urogenital anomalies which were found during the last 5 years by the prenatal ultrasonography and referred to our clinic either for treatment or consultation. 1. Read More

J Urol 1984 Feb;131(2):383-90

We have previously reported the relevance of muscle dysplasia to the nonreflux megaureter. On electron microscopy, muscle cells which are scattered in large amounts of connective tissue without any bundle formation are found to be deficient in myosin filaments, which, with actin filaments, are believed to be an essential contractile unit of smooth muscle. Investigations of these dysplastic features of the ureter were extended to various other congenital disorders of the ureter experienced in our institution from 1963 to 1981. Read More