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Surg Today 2020 Jun 23. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.

Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is a congenital disease manifesting various degrees of functional bowel obstruction caused by the absence of enteric ganglion cells, which are usually absent in the colonic segment of the HD patient. Because the aganglionic segment of HD always includes the rectum, pathological diagnosis can be made using a rectal sample. HD should be diagnosed as early as possible because serious complications, such as acute enterocolitis or toxic megacolon, can develop without a definitive diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Read More

Toxins (Basel) 2020 Jun 8;12(6). Epub 2020 Jun 8.

Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.

Harmful algal blooms (HAB) have become a major health concern worldwide, not just to humans that consume and recreate on contaminated waters, but also to the fauna that inhabit the environments surrounding affected areas. HABs contain heterotrophic bacteria, cyanobacterial lipopolysaccharide, and cyanobacterial toxins such as microcystins, that can cause severe toxicity in many aquatic species as well as bioaccumulation within various organs. Thus, the possibility of trophic transference of this toxin through the food chain has potentially important health implications for other organisms in the related food web. Read More

Surg Case Rep 2020 Jun 1;6(1):121. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Department of General Surgery, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, 50 Hachiken-nishi, Aotake-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi, 441-8570, Japan.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) developing during chemotherapy is very rare. Here, we describe a case of acute onset during chemoradiotherapy for lung adenocarcinoma, requiring a total proctocolectomy.

Case Presentation: A 52-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for chemoradiotherapy of lung cancer. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2020 11;71:151-154. Epub 2020 May 11.

Department of Pathology, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3, S529889, Singapore.

Introduction: Intestinal parasitic infections are a health burden to developing countries, but can also become more prevalent worldwide, even in developed countries, with the advent of globalization. While most of these infections are benign, some may be associated with acute infections with high morbidity and mortality rates.

Case Presentation: A 36 years old patient presented with toxic megacolon with poly-helminthic infections, likely a result of raw food ingestion. Read More

ANZ J Surg 2020 May 12. Epub 2020 May 12.

Department of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

ANZ J Surg 2020 Apr 8. Epub 2020 Apr 8.

Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Background: Idiopathic megacolon (IMC) is an uncommon disease in adults. To date, only a few laparoscopic experiences and functional outcomes of IMC have been reported. This study was to retrospectively analyse our 12 year surgical experience and functional outcomes in adult patients with IMC. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Mar 22;13(3). Epub 2020 Mar 22.

Department of General Surgery, Borders General Hospital, Melrose, UK.

A 58-year-old woman presented to the emergency department in a district general hospital with severe abdominal pain and diarrhoea, after collapsing at home. She was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in septic shock, and with acute kidney injury. An initial CT scan was suggestive of colitis. Read More

Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2020 Feb;112(2):90-93

Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, España.

Megacolon is a serious complication of inflammatory bowel disease that often requires a colectomy. Infliximab is a therapeutic alternative when conventional treatment fails, before resorting to surgery. Its use is currently based on the publication of isolated cases. Read More

Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 2019 ;51(4):273-282

Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital of Brussels (UZB), Jette, Belgium.

Background: Without timely diagnosis, acute primary abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is a potentially fatal syndrome and often goes unrecognized until severe symptoms appear. Early diagnosis may significantly improve the prognosis of these patients.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 54-year-old man, successfully treated for acute myeloid leukemia with cytosine arabinoside, admitted to the intensive care unit with severe shock, refractory to standard therapy with antibiotics, fluid resuscitation, and vasopressors. Read More

Transplant Proc 2019 Nov;51(9):3181-3185

Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California. Electronic address:

Small intestinal transplantation is performed for patients with intestinal failure who failed other surgical and medical treatment. It carries notable risks, including, but not limited to, acute and chronic cellular rejection and graft malfunction. Late severe acute intestinal allograft rejection is associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality and, in the majority of cases, ends with total enterectomy. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2019 Oct 5;18(4):2726-2730. Epub 2019 Aug 5.

Colorectal Surgery Department, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China.

Megacolon is a congenital disorder. Adult congenital megacolon (ACM), also known as adult Hirschsprung's disease, is rare and frequently manifests as constipation. ACM is caused by the absence of ganglion cells in the submucosa or myenteric plexus of the bowel. Read More

J Crohns Colitis 2020 May;14(4):465-479

Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.

Background And Aims: Gastrointestinal ultrasound is useful in the assessment of patients with Crohn's disease, but its application in ulcerative colitis [UC] is less well established. Here we systematically review the role of gastrointestinal ultrasound in patients with UC.

Methods: Searches of the PUBMED and EMBASE databases were performed with the following search strategy: [ultrasound OR sonography] AND [intestinal OR bowel] AND [ulcerative colitis OR inflammatory bowel disease]. Read More

Cir Cir 2019 ;87(5):568-571

Servicio de Cirugía General. Hospital Civil de Tepic Dr. Antonio González Guevara, Servicios de Salud de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México.

Exposure and infections by Trypanosoma cruzi are the fourth cause of loss of potential life years between parasitic and infectious diseases. We describe the case of a 11-year-old patient with intestinal occlusion, surgically treated with intestinal volvulus, the surgical specimen is sent to histopathology reporting Chagasic megacolon. The age range of presentation is a challenge in the absence of nonspecific symptoms. Read More

Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 2019 8;6(7):001175. Epub 2019 Jul 8.

Hospital Professor Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Amadora, Portugal.

Ogilvie's syndrome or acute colonic pseudo-obstruction is characterized by massive colon dilation in the absence of mechanical obstruction or toxic megacolon. The phenotype associated with secretory diarrhoea is rare and is related to increased potassium channel activity in the colon, inducing excessive potassium loss, with increased sensitivity to normal serum aldosterone levels. The recommended therapy is potassium-sparing agents. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 May 24;12(5). Epub 2019 May 24.

Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA.

A female aged 84 years with a history of -associated diarrhoea presented from an extended care facility with altered mental status and respiratory distress. She was haemodynamically unstable and initial laboratory results revealed hyperleucocytosis (110.3×10/L). Read More

Trop Doct 2019 Oct 20;49(4):256-259. Epub 2019 May 20.

Consultant Surgeon, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

In sub-Saharan Africa, there is a high burden of paediatric surgical conditions and a paucity of data regarding outcomes of congenital colorectal anomalies. A retrospective, descriptive analysis utilizing the Kamuzu Central Hospital (Lilongwe, Malawi) paediatric acute care surgery database (age ≤ 18 years) over 44 months was performed. Of the 133 children presenting, 82 had Hirschsprung disease (HD) (2. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2019 Jul 7;45(7):1215-1221. Epub 2019 May 7.

Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease rarely arising during gestation. Because the available information is based on case reports or small retrospective studies, diagnosis may be difficult and treatment is still controversial. A case of toxic megacolon developing in late pregnancy associated to a sudden fetal decompensation is described. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2019 Apr 29;13(1):124. Epub 2019 Apr 29.

Department of Visceral Surgery, Carcassonne Hospital, 1060 Chemin de la Madeleine, 111000, Carcassonne, France.

Background: Hirschsprung disease is a neonatal discovery in almost all cases, and the association of Hirschsprung disease in adults with symptomatic intestinal malrotation is unusual. This combination delays diagnosis and can lead to mistake in surgical strategy.

Case Presentation: A 43-year-old patient with a history of colectomy for colonic inertia and megadolichocolon was admitted to the Carcassonne Hospital emergency room for a volvulus of small bowel obstruction in a chronic intestinal obstruction context with episodes of acute, variable-looking occlusive syndromes. Read More

Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2019 05;111(5):405

Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín.

In relation to the interesting article published recently in your scientific journal titled "Hirschsprung disease with debut in adult age as acute intestinal obstruction: a case report" , we would like to provide an exceptional case where the evolution of Hirschsprung's disease and an infrequent surgical complication developed in the long term are combined. Read More

Dis Mon 2019 Dec 2;65(12):100851. Epub 2019 Mar 2.

Division of Gastroenterology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, M2, C Wing, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disorder of the colon that causes continuous mucosal inflammation extending from the rectum to the more proximal colon, with variable extents. UC is characterized by a relapsing and remitting course. UC was first described by Samuel Wilks in 1859 and it is more common than Crohn's disease worldwide. Read More

J Infect Chemother 2019 May 21;25(5):379-384. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan; Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan. Electronic address:

A 76-year-old Japanese woman was admitted due to uncontrolled cellulitis of the right lower leg. She had deep vein thrombosis on the right limb. Moreover, she had a long history of rheumatoid arthritis treated with corticosteroids. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2019 Jan 13;13(1):10. Epub 2019 Jan 13.

Sickle Cell Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica.

Background: It is important that multiple genetic diagnoses are not missed. This case report describes the clinical features and management of a patient with co-inheritance of Waardenburg syndrome type 4 or Waardenburg-Shah syndrome, an extremely rare disease, and homozygous sickle cell disease not uncommon in the Caribbean. This case is unusual as it may be the first documented case of the co-inheritance of both these diseases. Read More

Acta Biomed 2018 12 17;89(9-S):153-157. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Pediatric Emergency Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Maternal and Infant Department, Parma, Italy.

Background: Shiga-toxin Escherichia coli productor (STEC) provokes frequently an important intestinal damage that may be considered in differential diagnosis with the onset of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The aim of this work is to review in the current literature about Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) and IBD symptoms at the onset, comparing the clinical presentation and symptoms, as the timing of diagnosis and of the correct treatment of both these conditions is a fundamental prognostic factor. A focus is made about the association between typical or atypical HUS and IBD and a possible renal involvement in patient with IBD (IgA-nephropathy). Read More

JAAPA 2018 Dec;31(12):30-33

Dan M. Tzizik practices in the ED at Portsmouth (N.H.) Regional Hospital. Roy A. Borchardt is supervisor of advanced practice providers at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center's Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, in Houston, Tex. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

Chagas disease is a parasite infection primarily transmitted to humans via the bite of triatomine insect vectors. Up to 8 million people are estimated to be infected with Chagas disease in the Americas. Patients who do not receive treatment can develop severe cardiac debility, gastrointestinal organ dysfunction, and may die. Read More

J Gastrointest Surg 2019 06 4;23(6):1269-1270. Epub 2018 Sep 4.

Department of Surgery, Traumatology and Acute Care, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.

Am J Case Rep 2018 May 14;19:557-561. Epub 2018 May 14.

Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Surgery Section, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

BACKGROUND Intestinal hypoganglionosis is very rare and accounts for 3% to 5% of all classified congenital intestinal innervation disorders. Isolated hypoganglionosis of the colon is a particularly rare form of the disease, and differential diagnosis includes association with Hirschsprung's disease and chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) related to visceral myopathies. Most cases are diagnosed at an early age or in childhood with only a few cases reported in adults. Read More

J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2018 Mar-Apr;32(2):415-423

DIBIMIS, Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia – Vincenzo Cervello, Division of Internal Medicine, Palermo, Italy.

Few data are available about the clinical course of severe colonic Crohn’s disease (CD). The aim of this study is to describe the clinical course of severe Crohn’s colitis in a patient cohort with isolated colonic or ileocolonic CD, and to compare it with the clinical course of patients with severe ulcerative colitis (UC). Thirty-four patients with severe Crohn’s colitis were prospectively identified in our cohort of 593 consecutive hospitalized patients through evaluation of the Crohn’s Disease Activity Index score and the Harvey-Bradshaw Index. Read More

Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018 06;24(7):1510-1519

Interventional Inflammatory Bowel Disease (i-IBD) Unit, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.

Background And Aims: Pouch sinus is a serious complication in patients undergoing ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. The aim of this study was to verify the efficacy and safety of endoscopic needle knife sinusotomy (NKSi) in the management of pouch sinus.

Methods: All consecutive patients with a pouch sinus treated with NKSi from 2008 to 2016 were identified. Read More

Rozhl Chir Spring 2018;97(3):133-138

Hirschsprungs disease (HD) in adults is extremely rare, only three publications in Czech and Czechoslovak journals making reference to the condition after childhood. We present two cases of adult patients with HD. The first case is a 46-year-old male patient suffering from chronic constipation since childhood and diagnosed with megacolon at the age of 16; however, no further detailed diagnosis was done. Read More

Front Microbiol 2018 1;9:351. Epub 2018 Mar 1.

Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.

Chagas disease is a multisystemic disorder caused by the protozoan parasite , which affects ~8 million people in Latin America, killing 7,000 people annually. Chagas disease is one of the main causes of death in the endemic area and the leading cause of infectious myocarditis in the world. infection induces two phases, acute and chronic, where the infection is initially asymptomatic and the majority of patients will remain clinically indeterminate for life. Read More

Parasitol Res 2018 Apr 22;117(4):1147-1158. Epub 2018 Feb 22.

Morphology Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31.270-901, Brazil.

Chagas disease is an infection caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi that affects millions of people worldwide and is endemic in Latin America. Megacolon is the most frequent complication of the digestive chronic form and happens due to lesions of the enteric nervous system. The neuronal lesions seem to initiate in the acute phase and persist during the chronic phase, albeit the mechanisms involved in this process are still debated. Read More

Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am 2018 Mar 29;30(1):109-121. Epub 2017 Nov 29.

College of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, Walden University, 100 Washington Avenue South, Suite 900, Minneapolis, MN 55401, USA.

Gastrointestinal (GI) motility problems are common complications in critical care patients. GI problems contribute to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Toxic megacolon (TM) is a type of acquired megacolon categorized as a medical emergency and includes severe inflammation affecting all layers of the colon wall. Read More

Vojnosanit Pregl 2017 Jan;74(1):78-80

Introduction: Transverse colon volvulus is an uncommon cause of bowel obstruction in general. Predisposing factors are mental retardation, dysmotility disorders, chronic constipation and congenital megacolon.

Case Report: We presented transverse colon volvulus in a 16-year-old boy with cerebral palsy. Read More

Clin Med Insights Gastroenterol 2017 13;10:1179552217746692. Epub 2017 Dec 13.

Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.

Restorative proctocolectomy (RPC) with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the standard surgical treatment for ulcerative colitis (UC). Emergency colectomies are performed for fulminant colitis (ie, toxic megacolon, profuse bleeding, perforation, or sepsis). The RPC and IPAA involve manipulation of the proximal ileum, which may influence the essential physiological function of gut-associated lymphoid tissues. Read More

Eur J Pediatr 2018 Mar 22;177(3):403-408. Epub 2017 Dec 22.

Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, National Consultant Laboratory for Clostridium difficile, University of Saarland Medical Centre, Homburg, Germany.

In a German pediatric oncology unit, the attending physicians diagnosed 27 cases of Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDI) from January 01, 2010 to October 31, 2013. This refers to a CDI incidence density of 2.0/1000 inpatient days. Read More

Z Gastroenterol 2017 Dec 6;55(12):1499-1508. Epub 2017 Dec 6.

Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin A, Universitätsklinikum Greifswald.

In patients with ileus with dilated intestine in imaging studies, endoscopic decompression appears a feasible option. However, its use is often uncritical and without scientific evidence. Before considering endoscopic intervention, CT-imaging should differentiate between mechanical obstruction and paralytic ileus/intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Read More

Semin Pediatr Surg 2017 Dec 5;26(6):367-372. Epub 2017 Oct 5.

Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Electronic address:

The incidence of pediatric-onset ulcerative colitis (UC) is rising. Children often present with a more severe disease phenotype as compared to adults with over a third requiring hospitalization for the management of acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC). Further, in pediatric patients presenting with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) limited to the colon, a definitive diagnosis of UC vs. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2017 Oct 9;2017. Epub 2017 Oct 9.

The Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, UK.

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO), or Ogilvie's syndrome, is a rare clinical entity in which there is massive non-toxic colonic dilatation in the absence of a mechanically obstructing lesion. It is an important yet poorly recognised cause of surgical morbidity and mortality occurring typically in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. ACPO can often be reversed conservatively with colonoscopic or nasogastric decompression. Read More

S Afr J Surg 2017 Sep;55(3):20-26

Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town.

Background: Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis (ASUC) is a life-threatening condition which requires urgent and aggressive medical therapy to reduce mortality, morbidity and avoid surgery. To facilitate this process, it is essential to identify patients at high risk of poor outcomes and emergency colectomy. Numerous such risk factors have been described in Western literature, however there is no local data addressing this issue. Read More

Clin Auton Res 2018 02 20;28(1):67-81. Epub 2017 Jul 20.

Neurology Department, Raigmore Hospital, Inverness, UK.

Objectives: To review infectious diseases that may cause autonomic dysfunction.

Methods: Review of published papers indexed in medline/embase.

Results: Autonomic dysfunction has been reported in retrovirus (human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T-lymphotropic virus), herpes viruses, flavivirus, enterovirus 71 and lyssavirus infections. Read More

Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017 Oct 19;29(10):1-13. Epub 2017 May 19.

Department of Histology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.

Background: Experimental and clinical studies have shown that myenteric neuron cell death during infection with Trypanosoma cruzi mainly occurs in the esophagus and colon, resulting in megaesophagus and megacolon, respectively. Evidence suggests that the cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX) is involved in the T. cruzi invasion process. Read More

Colorectal Dis 2017 Apr;19(4):O97-O102

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Beaujon Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris VII, Clichy, France.

Aim: To evaluate the contribution of CT for the management of patients with severe acute exacerbation of colitis (SAC) complicating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); in particular, its contribution to surgical decision making.

Method: All patients who were admitted to our institution for SAC complicating IBD were divided into two groups: group A (those who received surgical treatment); and group B (those who received medical treatment). Admission CT results were compared between groups. Read More

Blood Res 2016 Dec 23;51(4):281-285. Epub 2016 Dec 23.

Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea.

Pediatr Emerg Care 2016 Nov;32(11):785-788

From the Departments of *Pediatric Surgery and †Pediatrics, University of Mannheim, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.

Objectives: Enterocolitis remains the most significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Hirschsprung disease (HD). It could progress into toxic megacolon (TM)-acute dilatation of the colon as accompanying toxic complication of Hirschsprung enterocolitis. It is a devastating complication, especially in infants with so far undiagnosed HD. Read More

Internist (Berl) 2016 Dec;57(12):1182-1190

Klinik für Innere Medizin IV (Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie), Universitätsklinikum Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Deutschland.

Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is an anaerobic, Gram-positive, spore-forming, toxin-secreting bacillus. It is transmitted via a fecal-oral route and can be found in 1-3 % of the healthy population. Read More

Arq Bras Cir Dig 2016 Jul-Sep;29(3):201-205

Discipline of Coloproctology, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Introduction: Acute severe colitis is a potentially lethal medical emergency and, even today, its treatment remains a challenge for clinicians and surgeons. Intravenous corticoid therapy, which was introduced into the therapeutic arsenal in the 1950s, continues to be the first-line treatment and, for patients who are refractory to this, the rescue therapy may consist of clinical measures or emergency colectomy.

Objective: To evaluate the indications for and results from drug rescue therapy (cyclosporine, infliximab and tacrolimus), and to suggest a practical guide for clinical approaches. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2016 Oct 12;2016. Epub 2016 Oct 12.

Madras Medical College, Institute of Surgical Gastroenterology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.

A 23-year-old woman presented to the outpatients department with symptoms of acute onset perianal pain of 2 weeks' duration and constipation. She was a known case of Hirschsprung's disease and was operated on in infancy. Rectal examination ruled out acute fissure or perianal sepsis, and subsequent colonoscopy was normal. Read More

World J Gastroenterol 2016 Jul;22(26):5867-78

Varut Lohsiriwat, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.

Anorectal emergencies refer to anorectal disorders presenting with some alarming symptoms such as acute anal pain and bleeding which might require an immediate management. This article deals with the diagnosis and management of common anorectal emergencies such as acutely thrombosed external hemorrhoid, thrombosed or strangulated internal hemorrhoid, bleeding hemorrhoid, bleeding anorectal varices, anal fissure, irreducible or strangulated rectal prolapse, anorectal abscess, perineal necrotizing fasciitis (Fournier gangrene), retained anorectal foreign bodies and obstructing rectal cancer. Sexually transmitted diseases as anorectal non-surgical emergencies and some anorectal emergencies in neonates are also discussed. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2016 Nov 5;51(11):1782-1785. Epub 2016 Jul 5.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. Electronic address:

Background: Neonatal sigmoid volvulus is a rare entity. It is associated with Hirschsprung's disease. Presentation is acute abdominal distention, vomiting and obstipation. Read More