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Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 2019 28;6(2):001022. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Medicine Department, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal.

We present the case of a 22-year-old man who presented with cough, haemoptysis and fever of 3 days' duration. A teratoma had been diagnosed 2 years previously. Physical examination was unremarkable but laboratory tests showed anaemia, neutrophilic leucocytosis and an increase in C-reactive protein. Read More

Cureus 2019 Jan 7;11(1):e3834. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Surgery, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, SAU.

Teratomas are rare germ cell tumors usually found in the gonads. Extra-gonadal teratomas are especially rare, mostly occurring in the thorax. Only a few cases of intrathoracic teratomas have been reported in medical literature and most reported were located in the mediastinum. Read More

J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2019 Apr;32(4):403-407

Consultant Paediatric Endocrinologist, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.

Context Germ cell tumours (GCTs) secreting β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) are a rare cause of gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty (GIPP). Case description A 5.7-year-old boy presented with GIPP. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Mar;98(9):e14703

Rationale: Teratomas are extremely rare in the thyroid gland. A cervical teratoma presenting as a cystic or mixed thyroid lesion can be easily confused with a thyroglossal duct cyst. It is difficult for pediatricians to differentiate between these 2 types of lesions. Read More

Ann Diagn Pathol 2019 Feb 10;39:69-73. Epub 2019 Feb 10.

Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. Electronic address:

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of mediastinal masses allows for rapid on-site evaluation and the triaging of material for ancillary studies. However, surgical pathology is often considered to be the gold standard for diagnosis. This study examines the sensitivity and specificity of FNAC compared to a concurrent or subsequent surgical pathology specimen in 77 mediastinal lesions. Read More

Kyobu Geka 2019 Feb;72(2):108-111

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.

Pigmented paraganglioma of the anterior mediastinum is extremely rare. We report a 72-year-old female patient who was pointed out an anterior mediastinum tumor showed by chest computed tomography(CT) scan during a medical check up. The tumor was 50×35 mm showing gradual enlargement and was slightly homogenously contrasted by CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Read More

Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 2018 ;109(1):40-44

Department of Urology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine.

A 61-year-old man had undergone resection of teratoma with a histological component of seminoma occurring in the anterior mediastinum at 26 years of age in 1978, followed by radiation treatment to the resected area. He had a recurrence tumor in the left retroperitoneum 2 years later, which was resected combined with left nephrectomy and was proved to be the same pathology as the initial tumor. At 36 years after the initial treatment, the tumor recurred in the right lung. Read More

Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2019 Feb 15;27(2):98-104. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

5 Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Pondicherry, India.

Background: Growing teratoma syndrome is a rare phenomenon seen in nonseminomatous germ cell tumors after chemotherapy, where the tumor grows paradoxically despite normalization of tumor markers. It has been found in various locations, most commonly, the retroperitoneum in association with metastatic disease. The occurrence of growing teratoma syndrome in a mediastinal primary is very rare and there are only a few reports in the literature. Read More

Kyobu Geka 2018 12;71(13):1077-1080

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.

A 21-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of an abnormal shadow on a routine chest radiogram. Enhanced computed tomography showed an 83×74 mm mass in the anterior mediastinum, with invasion of the superior vena cava (SVC). Surgical resection with sternotomy was performed. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Nov 28;11(1). Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Pathology, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India.

We report the case of an elderly man who had visited many physicians with breathlessness and was treated in an outpatient care. The cause of breathlessness was not evaluated, which turned out to be a slow-growing tumour in the mediastinum. Later, we diagnosed it to be a case of neuroendocrine carcinoma arising from the anterior mediastinum. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(50):e13642

Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China.

Rationale: Adult recurrent neuroblastoma is extremely rare, especially in the posterior mediastinum and retroperitoneal cavity. The surgical treatment of this special part of the tumor is also a clinical difficulty.

Patient Concerns: This study reports a case of a 24-year-old man with a history of treated posterior mediastinal neuroblastoma. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Dec;14(Supplement):S1220-S1222

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.

Neurilemmomas are rare tumors of neural crest cell origin that occur most commonly in the head and neck region. Intercostal neurilemmomas are extremely rare and are mostly seen as solitary tumors in the posterior mediastinum. Only one case report of multiple intercostal neurilemmomas has been documented previously. Read More

Indian J Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 18;9(4):624-628. Epub 2018 May 18.

1Department of Histopathology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajender Nagar, New Delhi, India.

Extragonadal germ cell tumors are most commonly encountered in the anterior mediastinum. The presence of sarcomatous malignancies in these tumors is a rare phenomenon that adversely impacts patient prognosis because of poor response to conventional cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Even more unusual is the presence of florid benign somatic proliferations that overshadow the germ cell component, often resulting in misdiagnosis and inappropriate management. Read More

Diagn Cytopathol 2019 Apr 23;47(4):334-336. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology - Histopathology Section, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, State of Qatar.

Germ cell tumors can occur in the mediastinum. They account for about 20% of tumors at this location. The majority are located in the anterior mediastinum and usually occur in young adult males. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(47):e13286

Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Rationale: Thymic carcinoids are a rare type of malignant neuroendocrine tumors which have a poor prognosis due to their distant metastasis, invasive behaviour, and postoperative recurrence. Surgical resection is still the fundamental mode for treating thymic carcinoids. Here, we report the rapid shrinkage of an atypical thymic carcinoid with multiple metastases following chemoradiation plus octreotide as a first-line therapy PATIENT CONCERNS:: A 39-year-old Chinese man presented with chest tightness, dyspnea with a history of lumbago and untreated malignant thymoma. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Nov 1;2018. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Surgery, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

Anterior mediastinal masses present a significant challenge in the perioperative period. Standard anaesthetic induction and airway management are often not feasible due to the risk of complete respiratory and/or cardiovascular collapse. Invasive manoeuvres, such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, cardiac bypass, or tracheal or bronchial stenting, are sometimes not applicable due to significant anatomic aberration. Read More

Ann Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 10;25(13):3919-3927. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Section "Endocrine Surgery", Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Background: At the time of diagnosis, one-third of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) patients show lymph node (LN) or distant metastasis. A metastasized MTC requires different surgical strategies.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the value of ultrasound and [18F]fluoro-dihydroxyphenylalanine positron emission tomography with computed tomography (F-DOPA-PET-CT) in localizing MTC, as well as LN and distant metastasis. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Sep;14(Supplement):S806-S808

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.

Ectopic extrarenal renin-producing tumor is a rare disease with approximately 30 case reports in English literature. We herein present the first case of renin-producing germ cell tumors in the pineal apparatus and mediastinum. A 26-year-old man who had undergone craniotomy for the treatment of pineal tumor was found to have hypertension at a regular visit postoperatively. Read More

Surg Today 2019 Feb 10;49(2):143-149. Epub 2018 Sep 10.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in the differential diagnosis of anterior mediastinal tumors.

Methods: A total of 94 patients with anterior mediastinal masses or nodules (male, n = 41; female, n = 53; age, 17-84 years) were retrospectively evaluated. All patients were evaluated by PET/CT and the masses or nodules were histologically diagnosed in our institution. Read More

Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 2018 Aug;40(4):468-472

Department of Radiology,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China.

Objective To explore the clinical features of primary neuroendocrine tumor of thymus (pNET) on computed tomography (CT). Method CT findings and clinical features of 7 patients with pathologically confirmed primary pNET were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were 2 male and 5 female patients aged (52. Read More

Asian J Endosc Surg 2018 Sep 5. Epub 2018 Sep 5.

Department of Pathology, Suwa Red Cross Hospital, Suwa, Japan.

Mediastinal seminoma is an uncommon tumor that accounts for 25% of primary mediastinal germ cell tumors, which in turn comprise fewer than 5% of all germ cell tumors. Although CT normally shows a solid, lobulated tumor, mediastinal cystic seminoma has rarely been described. Here, we report a 24-year-old man who presented with a mediastinal cystic tumor that was resected after an 18-month delay via video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery while in the supine position; the procedure involved lifting the chest wall with a subcutaneous Kirschner wire. Read More

J Emerg Med 2018 10 20;55(4):e101-e105. Epub 2018 Jul 20.

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.

Background: Extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas, or paragangliomas, originate from neural crest chromaffin cells and can be found anywhere along the sympathetic chain from head to toe.

Case Report: A 34-year-old female presented 4 days postpartum with episodes of palpitations, hypertension, and shortness of breath. Two episodes in the emergency department confirmed hypertension and supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Read More

Rev Chil Pediatr 2018 Jun;89(3):373-379

Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Dr. Hernán Henríquez Aravena, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.

Introduction: Among the causes of peripheral precocious puberty in men are the beta-human cho rionic gonadotropin (Β-HCG)-secreting tumors, such as hepatoblastomas, dysgerminomas, chorio carcinomas, and immature teratomas. In pediatrics, the mediastinal teratomas are rare, representing the 7-10% of extragonadal teratomas.

Objective: To describe the case of a patient with peripheral precocious puberty due to a Β-HCG -secreting thymic teratoma. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Jul;97(27):e11212

Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.

Rationale: Paraganglioma is rare in children and most pheochromocytomas originate in the adrenal gland.

Patient Concerns: The clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and managements in a 9-year-old boy who presented with vomiting and occasional headache with a blood pressure of 210/170 mm Hg was retrospectively reviewed. CT scan of the chest revealed a 7 × 5-cm-sized soft tissue mass in the left paraspinal area. Read More

Thorac Cancer 2018 08 20;9(8):1087-1089. Epub 2018 Jun 20.

Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China.

Lower posterior mediastinal tumors are traditionally excised by conventional thoracotomy or thoracoscopic approaches; however, use of the transdiaphragmatic retroperitoneoscopic approach for these tumors has rarely been reported. Herein, we report a case of a left lower posterior mediastinal paravertebral benign schwannoma in an adult male that was successfully treated with transdiaphragmatic retroperitoneoscopic surgery. The patient presented with no symptoms but had noticed a lesion in the left lower posterior mediastinum two months prior. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Sep 7;117:40-45. Epub 2018 Jun 7.

Department of Neurosurgery, Rio Hortega University Hospital, Valladolid, Castilla y León, Spain.

Background: Ganglioneuroma (GN) is a slow-growing tumor originating from the neural crest-derived cells, which form the sympathetic nervous system. These tumors can affect anywhere along the peripheral autonomic ganglion sites and are most commonly found in the mediastinum and retroperitoneum. Spinal GNs are extremely rare and, so far, only 1 case arising from a lumbar nerve root has been reported in the English literature. Read More

Indian J Cancer 2017 Jul-Sep;54(3):556-559

Department of Medical and Paediatric Oncology, Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Primary neuroendocrine tumors of the thymus are unusual anterior mediastinal tumors with a variable prognosis. A retrospective analysis of five patients with primary neuroendocrine tumors of the thymus admitted to the Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, between 2012 and 2016, was done to study the clinical profile and outcome of these patients. The role of various prognostic factors such as surgical resection, histological grade, and Masaoka-Koga staging was also analyzed. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2018 May 9;12(1):125. Epub 2018 May 9.

Medical Faculty, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo.

Background: Immature teratoma in a mediastinal location is a rare disease that might present as a valve pathology. Germ cell tumors with mediastinal locations account for up to 6% of immature teratoma cases. We present a case of an immature teratoma located primarily in the anterior mediastinum that manifested solely through symptoms of pulmonary stenosis. Read More

Exp Oncol 2018 Mar;40(1):82-84

Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta 13230, Indonesia.

Background: As a rare tumor, yolk sac tumor is a type of neoplasm that appears like the yolk sac, extraembryonic mesenchyme, and allantois. The mediastinum is the second most frequent area after the gonadal area.

Case Report: We present an extremely rare case of 15 years old boy with mediastinal yolk sac tumor. Read More

Eur Spine J 2018 07 29;27(Suppl 3):520-525. Epub 2018 Mar 29.

Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, School of Medicine, 59, Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.

Background: Ganglioneuromas are rare, benign, well-differentiated tumors arising from neural crest cells that commonly occur in the posterior mediastinum, retroperitoneum, cervical spine, and adrenal gland. We report an unusual case of an extensive spinal extradural ganglioneuroma, circumferentially and longitudinally affecting the extradural space of the lumbar spine and continuously invading bilateral psoas muscles.

Case Description: A 32-year-old man presented with a 1-week history of abdominal pain and diarrhea. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Mar;97(12):e0090

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital.

Rationale: Ganglioneuroblastoma is usually located in the adrenal gland, retroperitoneal ganglia, or posterior mediastinum, but rarely occurs in the parapharyngeal space.

Patient Concerns: A 4-year-old girl presented with complaint of progressive inspiratory dyspnea and dysphagia, accompanying left-side Horner's syndrome.

Diagnose: Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a giant mass with irregular low density in left oropharyngeal and posterior pharyngeal wall. Read More

Panminerva Med 2018 09 15;60(3):132-133. Epub 2018 Mar 15.

Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2018 03;28(3):243-244

Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The Aga Khan University and Hospital, Karachi.

Teratomas can be found in different organs of the body and may involve gonads, saccrococcygeal region, mediastinum and other sites. Intrathoracic teratomas always occur in mediastinum and less often arise within the lung. As teratomas mostly involve sex organs (gonads), they rarely occur as extra-gonadal tumors accounting for only 3% of all the cases and very small percentage of such tumors occur in mediastinum. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Mar 13;2018. Epub 2018 Mar 13.

Department of Surgery, University of Santo Tomas Hospital, Manila, Philippines.

Neurogenic tumours of the mediastinum in adults occur most often at the posterior mediastinum, majority of which are benign of nerve sheath in origin. A 72-year-old woman, known asthmatic, presented with chronic symptoms of hoarseness, dysphagia, chest heaviness, easy fatigability, cough, epigastric pain, feeling of abdominal fullness and choking with food intake and at a supine position. Treated for other disorders, routine chest X-ray incidentally found a homogenous convex radiodensity at the right paratracheal area; mass which was also observed with CT and 18F-fludeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/CT scan studies. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2018 03 5;18(1):97. Epub 2018 Mar 5.

Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: Germ cell tumors (GCTs) in children are rare neoplasms with diverse pathological findings according to the site and age of presentation. The most common symptoms in children with mediastinal GCTs, which are nonspecific, are dyspnea, chest pain, cough, hemoptysis, vena cava occlusion syndrome, and fatigue/weakness. Because of these nonspecific symptoms, it is difficult to suspect a mediastinal mass. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Dec;96(52):e9457

Rationale: This is a rare case of mediastinal typical carcinoid tumor with elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) and hypercalcemia detected by Tc -methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile(Tc-MIBI) single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging.

Patient Concerns: A 65-year-old male patient presented with hypercalcemia and elevated PTH.

Diagnoses: The preoperative diagnosis was ectopic parathyroid adenoma in the right superior mediastinum. Read More

Thorac Cancer 2018 04 10;9(4):491-494. Epub 2018 Jan 10.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Peking, China.

Background: Primary mediastinal yolk sac tumor, which is also known as endodermal sinus tumor, is a rare but lethal neoplasm, and it is a kind of mediastinal non-seminomatous germ cell tumor. The current standard treatment in mediastinal non-seminomatous germ cell tumors is chemotherapy combined with postchemotherapy residual mass resection. We report on seven cases of primary mediastinal yolk sac tumor treated with platinum-based chemotherapy and extended resection. Read More

Clin Radiol 2018 05 6;73(5):479-484. Epub 2018 Jan 6.

Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:

Aim: To investigate the clinical and image features of thymic neuroendocrine tumours (NETs), and characterise the radiological patterns of recurrence and metastasis on serial imaging studies.

Materials And Methods: The study included 14 patients (11 males) with a histopathological diagnosis of thymic NETs (one typical carcinoid, eight atypical carcinoid, and five large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma). Preoperative images were assessed for features of primary tumours. Read More

Thorac Cancer 2018 02 22;9(2):273-277. Epub 2017 Dec 22.

Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.

Background: Pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a relatively rare subtype of lung malignancy. According to revised 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for the pathological diagnosis of LCNEC, neuroendocrine markers must be examined by immunohistochemistry. In this study, we reevaluated endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) samples of patients previously diagnosed with LCNEC using the revised WHO criteria. Read More

Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2017 Dec 4;38(6):584-593. Epub 2017 Aug 4.

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX.

Intrathoracic paragangliomas are uncommon and only represent 1%-2% of paragangliomas. They are most commonly found in mediastinal compartments (aortopulmonary window or posterior mediastinum). Computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and specific nuclear medicine radiotracers are routinely used to characterize these lesions and help exclude other more common conditions. Read More

Int J Surg Pathol 2018 May 23;26(3):213-220. Epub 2017 Nov 23.

3 Department of Pathololgy, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Few paraganglioma (PG) cases include frozen section diagnoses, and therefore, the accuracy of frozen section diagnosis for PG remains unknown. To better understand the histologic characteristics and pitfalls of frozen section findings for PG, 15 PG cases with frozen section diagnoses were selected from 12 articles through PubMed (1984-2015). In addition, we included 3 cases of PG for which intraoperative consultations were requested during a 5-year period (2012-2016) in 2 hospitals. Read More

Ethiop Med J 2017 Jan;55(1):69-71

Ganglioneuroma (GN) is benign tumor arising from sympathetic ganglion which commonly occurs at posterior mediastinum, retroperitoneum and adrenal gland. Rarely, it may also present in cervical region as slow growing painless neck mass. Here we present a 7 years old female child with 4 years duration of slow growing left lateral neck mass. Read More

Thorac Cancer 2018 01 6;9(1):185-188. Epub 2017 Nov 6.

Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea.

A mediastinal germ cell tumor with a sarcomatous component is extremely rare and is accompanied by a poor prognosis. Clinical and radiologic diagnosis is very difficult. Herein, we report a rare case of anterior mediastinal malignant teratoma containing a growing liposarcomatous component and detail the diagnostic process. Read More

Kyobu Geka 2017 Nov;70(12):1033-1036

Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Sakaide City Hospital, Sakaide, Japan.

A 16-year old young man was referred to our hospital due to abnormal mass of mediastinum on chest radiography. Chest computed tomography scan revealed 45 mm mass in diameter with low density areas and ring shaped calcification at right upper mediastinum. However, chest magnetic resonance imaging showed no existence of fat nor calcification. Read More

Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2017 Oct;42(10):1222-1227

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.

Primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma in male is not a very common disease, with nonspecific clinical manifestations. Gynecomastia and testicular atrophy are present in some cases. The levels of serum human chorionic gonadotropin are often significantly increased. Read More

Ann Oncol 2018 01;29(1):209-214

Melvin & Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.

Background: Despite remarkable results with salvage standard-dose or high-dose chemotherapy ∼15% of patients with relapsed germ-cell tumors (GCT) are incurable. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have produced significant remission in multiple tumor types. We report the first study of immunotherapy in patients with GCT. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2018 Jul 2;53(7):1365-1368. Epub 2017 Oct 2.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba 260-8677, Japan.

Purpose: Fatality resulting from respiratory collapse (RC) during general anesthesia (GA) induction in children with mediastinal tumors has been reported. We explored potentially useful parameters for predicting the risk of RC based on objective imaging results.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 31 patients (median age: 4years; range: 4months-15years) with mediastinal tumors treated between 2000 and 2015. Read More

Einstein (Sao Paulo) 2017 Oct-Dec;15(4):496-499. Epub 2017 Sep 21.

Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual, Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual "Francisco Morato de Oliveira", São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Germ cell tumors are rare neoplasms that mostly occur in the gonads, although they can also affect other body sites, especially the anterior mediastinum (50 to 70% of all extragonadal germ cell tumors). We report a case of a primary mediastinal yolk sac tumor, a rare and aggressive germ cell tumors subtype. This was a 38-year-old man who was admitted to Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual "Francisco Morato de Oliveira", complaining about dyspnea and dry cough for 1 year. Read More

Oncotarget 2017 Aug 18;8(35):59845-59853. Epub 2017 Apr 18.

Department of Pathology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

The objective of this study was to identify the differences in histopathological distribution and clinical features of mediastinal lesions (MLs) across the age spectrum in Chinese series of patients and to compare with the available literature. A total of 409 cases of MLs, including 137 pediatric and 272 adult patients from a single institution, was reviewed and categorized into groups according to age. Among the 409 cases, the age showed a bimodal distribution with an increased incidence of MLs among (< 10 year) and (60-< 70 year) age groups. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2018 Mar/Apr;34(2):e38-e41

Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

A 3-month-old male developed intermittent left upper eyelid ptosis at the age of 1 month that was gradually increasing in frequency and duration. Examination revealed anisocoria and left upper and lower eyelid ptosis, consistent with a left Horner syndrome. Imaging showed a mass in the left superior posterior mediastinum, which was resected, and pathology was consistent with neuroblastoma. Read More