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Ecancermedicalscience 2021 11;15:1186. Epub 2021 Feb 11.

Department of Medical Oncology, Christian Medical College and Hospital Vellore, Vellore 632004, India.

Purpose: Primary mediastinal germ cell tumours (PMGCTs) are rare; with limited data available about their outcomes and optimal treatment in the low middle income countries setting. We studied the clinical profile of patients with PMGCT treated at our centre in order to estimate their survival outcomes and to identify prognostic factors affecting the same.

Patients And Methods: Fifty-seven patients with PMGCTs treated between April 2001 and June 2019 were included. Read More

Curr Oncol 2020 12 8;28(1):78-85. Epub 2020 Dec 8.

Department of Surgery, Urology Division, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada.

Extragonadal germ cell tumors account for 2-5.7% of germ cell tumors (GCTs). Of these, primary mediastinal GCTs (PMGCTs) are responsible for 16-36% of cases. Read More

Thorac Cancer 2021 03 27;12(6):807-813. Epub 2021 Jan 27.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.

Background: This study was performed to clarify the treatment outcome of patients with primary mediastinal germ cell tumors (PMGCTs), focusing on the clinical manifestations and management during definitive therapy and long-term follow-up.

Methods: In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with PMGCTs treated at Shinshu University School of Medicine, and examined the clinical profiles and treatment outcomes of 22 patients (mean age of 29 years) with primary mediastinal GCTs treated at our hospital between 1983 and 2019.

Results: Five patients were diagnosed with pure seminoma and 17 had nonseminomatous GCT. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2020 Oct 25;56(11). Epub 2020 Oct 25.

Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy.

Mutations in genes encoding one of the subunits of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) are involved in pheochromocytoma (PHEO) and paraganglioma (PGL) development. Over the last few years, such mutations have also been associated with non-chromaffin tumors. However, immunohistochemistry (IHC) on the tumor tissue and a study on the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) aimed at demonstrating the pathogenic role of genes have only been employed in a few cases. Read More

Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2021 Feb 8;4(1):e1306. Epub 2020 Oct 8.

Department of Radiodiagnosis, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, India.

Background: Malignant mediastinal germ cell tumor (MGCT) is rare and has poor outcomes even after multimodality treatment. Data from resource-poor countries are scarce in the literature.

Aims: To evaluate the clinicopathologic features and treatment outcome of primary malignant MGCT at our center. Read More

Cancer Invest 2021 Feb 6;39(2):195-201. Epub 2020 Nov 6.

Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France.

Background: Extragonadal germ cell tumors (GCTs) are thought to arise as a result of local transformation of primordial gonadal cells (PGCs) that become misplaced during embryogenesis. With the exception of bilateral testis tumors, metachronous GCT (i.e. Read More

J Ultrasound Med 2021 May 22;40(5):1023-1030. Epub 2020 Sep 22.

Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Interdisziplinäres Ultraschallzentrum Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg, Standort Marburg und Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldingerstraße, Germany.

Objectives: To determine contrast enhancing features of mediastinal masses (ML) using transcutaneous contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of n = 58 patients with histologically confirmed ML, which were examined in the period from October 2005 to February 2018 using transcutaneous B-mode ultrasound and CEUS. In n = 29 (50%) histological confirmation was performed by ultrasound guided core-needle biopsy. Read More

Curr Probl Cancer 2021 Apr 29;45(2):100641. Epub 2020 Aug 29.

Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China.. Electronic address:

Purpose: Germ cell cancer (GCC) is a group of neoplasms with heterogeneity. Predominant in young adults, GCC potentially mitigates a high number of productive years of life lost. Indeed, long-term side effects have arisen as a problem in GCC survivors, especially in adolescent and young adult (AYA) subgroup. Read More

IJU Case Rep 2020 Sep 7;3(5):211-214. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

Department of Urology Cancer Institute Hospital Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research Tokyo Japan.

Introduction: Testicular germ cell cancer has a relatively good prognosis even if visceral and/or lymph node metastases are present thanks to chemotherapy. Yet chemotherapy can lead to various adverse events. Therefore, it is crucial to distinguish whether a suspected metastatic disease is metastasis or not. Read More

Front Oncol 2020 16;10:1137. Epub 2020 Jul 16.

Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology-I, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.

Primary mediastinal germ cell tumors (PMGCTs) are rare. The natural history and optimal treatment strategies still need to be defined. The aim of the study was to summarize the clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and prognostic factors of PMGCTs. Read More

Hinyokika Kiyo 2020 May;66(5):153-155

The Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba.

A 19-year-old man with abnormal findings on his chest X ray was referred to our hospital. A chest computed tomography scan revealed a 57 mm mass in the anterior mediastinum, and percutaneous needle biopsy was performed. Histopathological diagnosis was pure seminoma. Read More

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020 Apr 22. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Ind.

Objective: Treatment of primary mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumors involves cisplatin-based chemotherapy followed by surgery to remove residual disease. We undertook a study to determine short and long-term outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients with primary mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumors who underwent surgery at our institution from 1982 to 2017 was performed. Read More

Semin Diagn Pathol 2020 Jul 13;37(4):174-178. Epub 2020 May 13.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Florida-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL.

Germ cell tumors in the mediastinum are rare and often occur in young patients but may occur in older patients. Seminoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma and teratoma have distinct morphologic features with high grade nuclei. They are the primary diagnostic consideration in young males but may be lower on the list in older patients, where they may be misdiagnosed as carcinomas. Read More

J Nucl Cardiol 2020 May 6. Epub 2020 May 6.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University/Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, No. 25 TaiPing St., Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.

Respiration 2020;99(5):426-430. Epub 2020 Feb 12.

Department of Respiratory Disease, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China,

Mediastinal biopsy is essential for the clinical diagnosis of mediastinal disease. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a well-established approach for obtaining diagnostic samples from mediastinal masses or enlarged lymph nodes which is proven to be minimally invasive and effective. However, the insufficiency of intact samples acquired might restrict the diagnostic efficacy of EBUS-TBNA for mediastinal lesions such as rare malignancy and granulomatous disorder. Read More

South Asian J Cancer 2020 Jan-Mar;9(1):27-29

Department of Radiotherapy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Background: Primary mediastinal malignant germ cell tumour (PMMGCT) is rare with unsatisfactory prognosis and pose difficulty in management due to lack of guidelines.

Methods: All cases of PMMGCT diagnosed and treated between years 2014 to 2018 were retrospectively evaluated for clinico-pathological features, multimodality treatment and follow up.

Results: Among a total of five PMMGCT cases, three were seminomatous and two were non seminomatous tumour [Yolk- sac tumour (n-1) and Mixed tumour (n-1)]. Read More

Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2019 1;12(8):3082-3088. Epub 2019 Aug 1.

Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu, China.

Primary mediastinal thymoma combined with germ cell tumor (GCT) is extremely rare, and is likely to be misdiagnosed. Here we report a case of mediastinal type B3 thymoma combined with seminoma in which the seminoma component was missed by histologic examination and initially diagnosed by using a pleural effusion sample. The patient was a 46 year old male with chest distress, cough, and supraclavicular lymph node enlargement. Read More

Kardiochir Torakochirurgia Pol 2019 Oct 28;16(3):109-113. Epub 2019 Oct 28.

Chest Diseases Clinics, Medicalpark Elazığ Hospital, Elazığ, Turkey.

Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the results of our patients with a primary mediastinal mass and the surgical techniques applied in our clinic retrospectively.

Material And Methods: Between March 2015 and March 2019, the results and treatment protocols of 32 patients with a primary mediastinal mass or cysts who were followed up and treated in our clinic were evaluated retrospectively. Twenty-six patients who underwent surgery for biopsy or resection were included in the study. Read More

Thorac Cancer 2019 12 30;10(12):2308-2311. Epub 2019 Sep 30.

Medical Oncology, Precision Medicine Department, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.

The azygos system is the most important pathway for decompression of the superior vena cava (SVC) when a blood flow obstruction to the right atrium is present. Thoracic and mediastinal malignancies, mainly lung cancers, are responsible for 60%-85% of superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) cases. An uncommon origin of SVCS is primary malignant mediastinal germ cell tumor (PMMGCT) which represent 1%-4% of all mediastinal tumors and can be divided into two broad groups: seminomas and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCTs). Read More

Rare Tumors 2019 9;11:2036361319873196. Epub 2019 Sep 9.

Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.

A 32-year-old man with vague abdominal pain was found to have enlarged para-aortic and mediastinal lymph nodes on computed tomography. He was diagnosed with retroperitoneal mixed germ cell tumor as confirmed on percutaneous biopsy. At the time of diagnosis, lactic dehydrogenase, human beta-chorionic gonadotropin, and alpha-fetoprotein were elevated. Read More

Case Rep Oncol 2019 May-Aug;12(2):500-505. Epub 2019 Jun 26.

Department of Central Laboratory, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.

Patients with stage I testicular germ cell tumors have a long life expectancy, but the tumors have a potential to relapse after treatment. Although relapse is observed within a few years in most cases, late relapse over 10 years after initial treatment has also been reported in patients with stage I testicular germ cell tumors. We encountered a case of testicular seminoma that developed mediastinal lymph node metastasis 13 years after radical surgery for the primary tumor. Read More

J Clin Oncol 2019 09 24;37(26):2329-2337. Epub 2019 Jun 24.

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY.

Purpose: In men with metastatic germ cell tumors (GCTs), risk-directed treatment is determined, in part, by a distinction between seminoma and nonseminomatous GCT (NSGCT). The importance of NSGCT cell type is uncertain. We evaluated the long-term impact of teratoma on survival in patients with NSGCT. Read More

J Cardiothorac Surg 2019 Jun 4;14(1):100. Epub 2019 Jun 4.

Thoracic Surgery Unit, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia, 2, I-80138, Naples, Italy.

Background: Chylothorax is a life-threatening pathological condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. If chyle leakage does not close spontaneously with medical therapy, surgical treatment is inevitable. Herein, we reported a case of spontaneous persistent chylothorax from mediastinal seminoma that was successfully closed between the descending thoracic aorta, and the vertebral column through a left mini-thoracotomy. Read More

J Clin Pathol 2019 Aug 4;72(8):536-541. Epub 2019 May 4.

Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Milan Bicocca, Milan, Italy

Aims: Very recent papers proposed a possible role for the expression of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) in the tumourigenesis of gonadal and extragonadal germ cell-derived tumours (GCTs). Our multicentric study evaluated the magnitude of the immunoreactivity for TdT in GCTs, encompassing seminoma, dysgerminoma, mature teratoma and mixed GCTs.

Methods And Results: The histological series was stained with both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, yielding a positivity of 80% of cases with well-defined nuclear reactivity. Read More

Respir Med Case Rep 2019 15;27:100847. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Brooklyn, NY, 11212, USA.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a highly vascular tumor, which may spread to the lungs and other organs. It often presents with localized or systemic manifestation, including paraneoplastic syndromes. Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous inflammatory disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas that typically afflicts the respiratory system. Read More

Niger J Clin Pract 2019 Mar;22(3):342-349

Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China.

Background: Primary malignant mediastinal germ cell tumors (PMMGCTs) including seminomas and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCTs) are rare, and sometimes the diagnosis is very difficult.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical characteristics, biomarkers, and imaging findings of seminomas and NSGCTs and to determine whether these features could help distinguish these two types of PMMGCT.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study of 24 male patients with histopathologically proven PMMGCT was performed. Read More

Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019 Feb 25;7(3):384-387. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Acibadem Sistina Hospital, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.

Background: Primary mediastinal seminomas most commonly occur in young men, and they are localised in the anterior mediastinum.

Case Presentation: The presented study is a case report of a 34-year-old man suffering from a mediastinal tumour in size of 19 cm, with pleural and pericardial effusion. The patient complains of cough, difficulty breathing, weight loss, and pronounced tiredness. Read More