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Acta Ortop Mex 2018 Jul-Aug;32(4):229-233

Departamento de Anatomopatología del Hospital Ángeles León. León, Guanajuato. México.

Background: Carcinoma of the parathyroid gland (PC) described by De Quervain since 1909, it represents the least common neoplasm, with an incidence of 1,25/10,000,000 peoples. It has been reported approximately 1,000 cases of CP in world literature. There are two series in Mexico, one of eight patients and other with four cases. Read More

Innovations (Phila) 2018 Nov/Dec;13(6):451-454

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Center, Cebeci Hospitals, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

We report a case of 53-year-old woman with the parathyroid adenoma (PA) located in the aortopulmonary window with an aberrant right subclavian artery. Her preoperative calcium level was 11.3 mg/dL (reference range = 8. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2014 Jan 13;9(1):40-43. Epub 2013 Dec 13.

Department of Radiotherapy-Oncology, UHC Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco.

Primary pericardial synovial sarcoma is extremely rare, with few published cases in the literature. We report the case of an adolescent aged 13 years with primary pericardial synovial sarcoma discovered during tamponade, confirmed by molecular biology, and for whom treatment combined radiosurgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. The particularity of the case we are reporting stems from the young age of our patient (13 years) as well as the duration of remission, which is quite long (21 months) prior to a superior mediastinal relapse compared to cases reported in the literature. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2012 Nov 28;6(5):e141-e144. Epub 2012 Aug 28.

Department of Surgery, Sagamihara Kyodo Hospital, Japan.

A 52-year-old woman presenting with shortness of breath and having no related past medical history was diagnosed with takotsubo cardiomyopathy. However, she revealed respiratory failure atypical with takotsubo cardiomyopathy. We diagnosed myasthenia gravis with myasthenic crisis by acetylcholine receptor-binding antibody titer with mediastinal tumor. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2016 May 26;13(5):143-145. Epub 2016 Feb 26.

King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Cardiac tuberculosis is rare. We report an unusual case of cardiac tuberculoma diagnosed in vitam in a 38-year-old woman, with end-stage renal disease and discovered to have mediastinal tuberculosis in 2013. She presented to the emergency department complaining of fever and chills during hemodialysis. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2015 Nov 27;12(5):156-158. Epub 2015 Jul 27.

Department of Medicine, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.

We report the case of a 36-year-old woman with a recent upper respiratory illness who presented with chest pressure, lasting for five days, which improved with leaning forward. Physical examination and laboratory studies were unremarkable. Chest computed tomography scan revealed a 6. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2015 Oct 3;12(4):130-132. Epub 2015 Jul 3.

Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Chalkida, Chalkida, Greece.

Pericardial cysts are uncommon paracardiac lesions, usually located within the right cardiophrenic space. They usually do not cause symptoms and are detected by chance. Chest X-ray, echocardiography, and chest computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging are useful diagnostic tools. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2010 Aug 25;2(1):e45-e47. Epub 2010 Mar 25.

Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Turin, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, C.so Bramante 88, 10135 Turin, Italy.

Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are heterogeneous lymphoid proliferations representing a major complication of solid organ transplant. PTLDs are serious complications and may happen at different times after transplantation. Many risk factors are known, such as age, type of organ transplanted, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection before transplant and immunosuppressive therapy. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2017 Jan 17;15(1):25-27. Epub 2016 Nov 17.

Department of Cardiology, Apollo Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

A 62-year-old female, who had undergone dual chamber pacemaker implantation through left subclavian approach, developed tension pneumothorax of left side. This resulted in shift of entire mediastinum and lead displacement with altered lead parameters. Pacemaker implantation can be complicated by tension pneumothorax in 0. Read More

Surg Case Rep 2018 Dec 13;4(1):144. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Surgery, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Iwate, Japan.

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) grow relatively slowly and without specific symptoms; therefore, they are typically incidental findings. We report a rare gastric GIST in the mediastinum associated with chest discomfort and an esophageal hiatal hernia.

Case Presentation: An 81-year-old woman with chest discomfort was admitted to the hospital, where barium esophagography showed a sliding esophageal hiatal hernia and a tumor of the lower esophagus and gastric wall. Read More

Eur Radiol 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.

Objectives: Increasing awareness of potential side effects from gadolinium-based contrast agents has underlined the need for contrast-free magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Numerous recent articles evaluated the risk of potential brain deposits, with the result that research is putting the focus more on alternative unenhanced imaging techniques. The aim of this study was to determine the need for contrast media for chest MRI in primary staging and follow-up care of lymphoma. Read More

Mol Clin Oncol 2018 Dec 5;9(6):647-650. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

Department of Family Medicine, Rząśnia Community-Based Health Center, 98-332 Rząśnia, Poland.

Small-cell lung carcinoma is a type of lung cancer characterized by very poor prognosis, as the majority of the patients have already developed metastases at initial diagnosis. Small-cell lung cancer accounts for ~15% of all lung cancer cases. The present study reports the case of a female patient with advanced-stage small-cell lung cancer. Read More

Pathologica 2018 Sep;110(2):116-120

Department of Pathology, University General Hospital of Catalonia, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.

Bronchogenic cysts represent congenital malformations deriving from an abnormal development of the primitive foregut during embryogenesis. These lesions are rarely found and they are most frequently localized in the mediastinum, or in lung parenchyma. Intramuscular localization is extremely rare, especially within the diaphragm. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(49):e13563

Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.

Rationale: An association between inflammatory myopathy and malignancy has been recognized particularly in patients positive for anti-transcription intermediary factor 1γ (TIF1γ) antibody. We report a case of anti-TIF1γ antibody positive dermatomyositis (DM) associated with thymic carcinoma which radiographically mimicked benign tumor.

Patient Concerns: A 72-year-old man presented typical characteristic cutaneous manifestations and proximal muscle weakness with elevated levels of myogenic enzymes. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(49):e13469

Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital.

Rationale: About 50% of patients with a diagnosis of nonsmall cell lung carcinoma exhibit metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. The preferential sites of extrapulmonary spread are the lymph nodes, liver, brain, adrenal glands, and bones; gastrointestinal tract perforation secondary to metastatic lung cancer is extremely rare.

Patient Concerns: A 60-year-old male nonsmoker patient presented with a 20-day history of facial, neck, and right upper limb edema. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(49):e13427

Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.

Rationale: For metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with no epidermal growth factor receptor mutations or anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene rearrangements, programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) blockade is preferentially recommended post first-line chemotherapy. However, still many patients do not respond to these agents. After development of resistance to PD-1 blockade, further evaluation of chemotherapy regimen will be necessary. Read More

Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the early and long-term outcomes of our multidisciplinary strategy for treating deep sternal wound infection after aortic grafting, which consisted of debridement by a plastic surgeon, negative pressure wound therapy with continuous irrigation and chest wall reconstruction.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 18 patients who had a deep sternal wound infection following aortic grafting through a median sternotomy between January 2009 and December 2017. All patients had organisms cultured from mediastinal tissue within 2 months from the initial aortic surgery. Read More

Klin Onkol 2018 ;31(4):301-304

Background: Although chylothorax is rare in patients with malignant lymphoma, it has been reported in cases with mediastinal lymphadenopathy, a bulky retroperitoneal mass, or thoracic ducts blocked by lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The clinical picture is not specific. Patients become more immunocompromised and malnourished after repeated evacuations. Read More

Cesk Slov Oftalmol 2018 ;73(5-6):189-197

Aim: To introduce the range of eye changes in sarcoidosis in the individual casuistics.

Materials: At the Ophthalmic Clinic of Teaching Hospital Královské Vinohrady in Prague were examined and treated six patients with ocular forms of sarcoidosis in the years from 1998 to 2015. Three patients were unilateral lesions of the lacrimal gland without systemic symptoms. Read More

Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne 2018 Dec 22;13(4):546-550. Epub 2018 May 22.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenomas are uncommon. Here, we report the successful thoracoscopic removal of a mediastinal parathyroid adenoma from a patient with hypercalcemia. A 58-year-old female patient was referred to our department with persistent hypercalcemia. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 21;9:2714. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.

Autoimmune myocarditis often leads to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Although T cell reactivity to cardiac self-antigen is common in the disease, it is unknown which antigen presenting cell (APC) triggers autoimmunity. Experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) was induced by immunizing mice with α-myosin loaded bone marrow APCs cultured in GM-CSF. Read More

Am J Surg Pathol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

INSERM1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon-Sud Charles Mérieux Lyon-1 Faculty, Claude Bernard University.

Gray-zone lymphoma (GZL) with features intermediate between classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) was introduced as a provisional entity into the World Health Organization classification in 2008. However, as diagnostic criteria are imprecise, reliable identification of GZL cases remains challenging. Here, we describe the histopathologic features of 139 GZL cases from a retrospective Lymphoma Study Association (LYSA) study with the goal to improve classification accuracy. Read More

Chin Med J (Engl) 2018 Dec;131(24):3015-3016

Department of Cardiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea.

J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Dec;14(Supplement):S1220-S1222

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.

Neurilemmomas are rare tumors of neural crest cell origin that occur most commonly in the head and neck region. Intercostal neurilemmomas are extremely rare and are mostly seen as solitary tumors in the posterior mediastinum. Only one case report of multiple intercostal neurilemmomas has been documented previously. Read More

Wien Med Wochenschr 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Klinisches Institut, Universität Wien, Martinstraße 7, 3400, Klosterneuburg, Österreich.

After his medical studies in Vienna and Graz, Georg von Hofmann-Wellenhof, born in 1860 in Vienna, became an assistant at the Pathology Institute at the University of Graz. In 1887, he described a bacterium in the pharynx which resembled diphtheria bacillus. As it was not pathogenic in animal experiments, he named it Bacillus pseudodiphthericus, now Corynebacterium pseudodiphthericum. Read More

Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018 Dec 12;52(6):462-467. Epub 2018 Sep 12.

1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505 South Korea.

Diagnosing tumor-induced osteomalacia is often challenging because conventional imaging modalities may fail to locate the responsible tumor. This report describes the ability of Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT to successfully distinguish between the responsible phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor and concurrent lymphoma lesions. A 52-year-old man with bone pain for several years was diagnosed with a vitamin D-resistant hypophosphatemic osteomalacia. Read More

Indian J Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 18;9(4):624-628. Epub 2018 May 18.

1Department of Histopathology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajender Nagar, New Delhi, India.

Extragonadal germ cell tumors are most commonly encountered in the anterior mediastinum. The presence of sarcomatous malignancies in these tumors is a rare phenomenon that adversely impacts patient prognosis because of poor response to conventional cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Even more unusual is the presence of florid benign somatic proliferations that overshadow the germ cell component, often resulting in misdiagnosis and inappropriate management. Read More

Curr Health Sci J 2015 Jul-Sep;41(3):239-245. Epub 2015 Mar 15.

Radiology and Imaging Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania.

Transthoracic needle biopsy (TNB) is a fast and safe method used to establish definitive diagnosis for most thoracic lesions, whether the lesion is located in the pleura, the lung parenchyma, or the mediastinum. Diffuse disease and solitary lesions are equally approachable.TNB can avoid (when technically possible) more complex diagnostic interventions such asmediastinoscopy, thoracoscopy and exploratory thoracotomy. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2014 Feb 16;9(2):48-49. Epub 2013 Dec 16.

Baylor College of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Houston, TX, USA.

A 57-year-old male underwent mechanical mitral valve replacement for severe mitral regurgitation of a prolapsed myxomatous mitral valve. The patient's post-operative recovery period was uneventful until the eighth day when he decompensated into pulseless electrical activity arrest. A bedside transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a large, smooth-edged mass nearly obliterating the right atrial cavity. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2013 Mar 29;7(3):e61-e63. Epub 2013 Jan 29.

Cardiology Department, Hospital General Universitario "Gregorio Marañón", c/Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain.

We report the case of a 51-year-old woman who presented with acute myocardial infarction as initial symptom of an infiltrative lung neoplasia. The patient was admitted to our center following an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation which was cardioverted. On electrocardiography an anterior wall ST-elevation was found and urgent coronary angiography was performed. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2011 Dec 6;4(3):e176-e178. Epub 2011 Sep 6.

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Völklingen Heart Centre, D-66333 Völklingen, Germany.

Very late valvular and/or coronary artery diseases after mediastinal radiation are rare but well known. Late radiation induced osteonecrosis of the sternoclavicular joint is very rare. The combination of both or all three diseases has not yet been described to the best of our knowledge. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2010 Dec 8;2(3):e132-e134. Epub 2010 Oct 8.

Department of Pediatrics, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan.

A 14-year-old boy was referred to our hospital because of treatment of germ cell tumor in the anterior mediastinum. Computerized tomographic (CT) scan of the chest and abdomen revealed a large tumor in the anterior mediastinum and multiple metastatic tumors in the lung, liver, kidney, pancreas, and heart. There was a mass in the interventricular septum. Read More

Hum Pathol 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Pathology, The university of Texas, M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX. Electronic address:

Eight cases of primary thymic epithelial neoplasms corresponding to seven thymomas and one thymic carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation are presented. The patients are five men and three women between the ages of 45 and 63years (average: 54years) who presented with non-specific symptomatology related to their mediastinal mass. All patients underwent complete surgical resection of the mediastinal mass. Read More

J Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.

Background And Objective: To investigate the role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in IIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and subgroups which derived benefit from PORT.

Methods: A total of 576 patients with pathological IIIA-N2 NSCLC, who underwent complete resection, were identified. Propensity score matching (PSM) methods were used to balance the patients' characteristics between two groups. Read More

J Cell Mol Med 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Pathology, Laboratory for Experimental Patho-Oncology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Germ cell tumours predominantly of the testis ((T)GCTs) are remarkably chemotherapy sensitive. However, a small proportion of patients fail to be cured with cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy. miR-371a-3p is a new liquid biopsy biomarker for (T)GCTs. Read More

Int J Hematol 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Department of Haematology, Atomic Bomb Disease and Hibakusha Medicine Unit, Atomic Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.

We present the case of a 63-year-old male with pure white cell aplasia (PWCA), a rare complication of thymoma, who was successfully treated with cyclosporine A (CyA) and thymectomy. The patient presented with high fever and agranulocytosis. Complete blood count revealed a white blood cell count of 0. Read More

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Nuclear Medicine Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168, Roma, Italia.

Purpose: In oncological patients, F-FDG PET/CT performance for pulmonary nodules' characterization is not well-established. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the F-FDG PET/CT diagnostic performance in pulmonary nodules detected during follow-up in oncological patients and the relationship between malignancy and nodules' characteristics.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 182 pulmonary nodules (121 solitary, 61 multiple; mean size = 16. Read More

Respirol Case Rep 2019 Feb 4;7(2):e00394. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan.

Surgical resection remains the treatment of choice for mature mediastinal teratoma, and the operation itself is sometimes complicated or life-threatening, especially when it ruptures into adjacent vital structures. We describe a rare case of unanticipatedly delayed complete resection of a symptomatic teratoma with simultaneous infection, followed by extended rupture into the pleural space, lung, and bronchus. The clinical presentation and the microbiological and radiologic features may lead to the impression of a lung abscess until it can be proven otherwise pathologically after an initial thoracic aspiration. Read More

Autops Case Rep 2018 Apr-Jun;8(2):e2018025. Epub 2018 Jun 8.

a Centro Hospitalar de São João, Medical Oncology Department. Porto, Portugal.

Large-cell neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are poorly differentiated malignancies of rare incidence and aggressive nature. NETs mostly arise in the lung followed by the gastrointestinal tract, although they are potentially ubiquitous throughout the body. Primary unknown NET has a worse prognosis and shorter survival comparing with other NETs, with limited available data in the literature concerning this subgroup. Read More

Respir Med Case Rep 2019 23;26:56-58. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Saint Francis Hospital, Evanston, IL, United States.

We report a case of patient who presented to the hospital due to shoulder pain and was later diagnosed with ruptured thymoma. Shortly after being admitted to the hospital for the work up patient developed respiratory distress and underwent emergent endotracheal intubation. CT scan of the chest showed anterior mediastinal mass with associated right sided hemothorax. Read More

Respir Med Case Rep 2019 22;26:53-55. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Iizuka Hospital, 3-83 Yoshiomachi, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-0018, Japan.

We herein report a case of huge lymphatic and venous malformations of the mediastinum (LVM). A 19-year-old man presented for evaluation of a mediastinal mass. On chest computed tomography, the mass demonstrated contrast enhancement and showed dilated veins draining into the superior and inferior vena cava, with multiple scattered calcifications. Read More

Respir Med Case Rep 2019 19;26:45-49. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Department of Pathology, Kobe City Medical Center West Hospital, Japan.

The co-presence of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and lung cancer is rare. We report a 70-year-old male with exposure to asbestos. Chest computed tomography revealed a right mediastinal mass combined with an enlarged ipsilateral lymph node and left pleural effusion. Read More

Int J Pediatr 2018 8;2018:5450697. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA.

Objective: The study was undertaken to determine the etiology, review management, and outcome in children diagnosed with acute pericarditis during 11 years at tertiary pediatric institution.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of children diagnosed between 2004 and 2014. Patients with postsurgical pericardial effusions were excluded. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2018 Oct 30. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK. Electronic address:

Objectives: Pediatric patients born with single functional lung can be associated with symptomatic airway abnormalities. Management of such patients is not only technically demanding but is also ethically challenging. This study reports our experience of managing symptomatic airway abnormalities in pediatric patients with congenital single functional lung. Read More

Arch Bronconeumol 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Hospital de Base, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.

Objective: To assess the impact of patient-, lesion- and procedure-related factors on the risks of complications and final diagnosis of malignancy in PCNB of mediastinal and lung lesions.

Material And Methods: We studied a large single-center cohort of 235 consecutive patients (66.8% men; 58. Read More

Eur J Radiol 2018 Dec 5;109:108-113. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address:

Background: Reactive thymic hyperplasia (RTH) is seen in children and adolescents receiving chemotherapy for various malignancies. However, it is not clear why this occurs only in some patients. The aim of this study was to identify the predictors for RTH in children and adolescents receiving chemotherapy for lymphoma and to determine the effect of RTH on prognosis. Read More

Lung Cancer 2018 Dec 30;126:97-105. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 4A6, Canada. Electronic address:

Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to systematically review all pertinent literature related to the use of ultrasonographic features to predict malignancy in mediastinal lymph nodes seen during endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) procedures.

Materials And Methods: Two independent reviewers completed the search and review (PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, and Cochrane databases) of the resulting titles and abstracts. Following full-text screening, thirteen articles met the inclusion criteria. Read More

BMC Pulm Med 2018 Dec 7;18(1):192. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, China.

Background: The optimal procedure for maximizing the diagnostic yield and minimizing the procedural complexity of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is controversial. We conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial to determine the optimal procedure of EBUS-TBNA for mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy, with a particular focus on the roles of the inner-stylet and suction.

Methods: Consecutive patients with enlarged mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes (LNs), detected by computed tomography (CT) or positron emission tomography-CT (PET-CT), who underwent EBUS-TBNA were included. Read More

J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus, Ohio.

Background: Ectopic parathyroid glands can present in a challenging location in the superior posterior mediastinum.

Methods: Two patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were operated on for ectopic paraesophageal parathyroid glands in the superior posterior mediastinum. Sestamibi scan, computed tomography (CT) scan, and photon emission CT were used to identify the exact location of these glands. Read More

Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2018 Dec 7:218492318818966. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Extramedullary hematopoiesis is a rare condition characterized by the formation of blood cells outside the bone marrow. It is commonly seen in patients with hematopoietic disorders or chronic anemia. Here, we report the case of a 55-year-old patient who had extramedullary hematopoiesis that manifested as an asymptomatic posterior mediastinal mass. Read More