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Clin Neurophysiol Pract 2018 3;3:159-163. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Service of Neurology, University Hospital "Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL)", University of Cantabria and "Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)", Santander, Spain.

Objective: To describe the case of a patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) showing early reversible conduction failure (RCF) detected by means of serial deep tendon reflex response (T-reflex) study.

Methods: A 36-year-old woman had a 5-day history of foot and hand paresthesias ascending to thighs and arms, throbbing interscapular and neck pain, mild to moderate tetraparesis, and areflexia. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) were performed on days 7 and 33 after onset. Read More

J Med Internet Res 2018 Dec 17;20(12):e12460. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Siren Care Inc, San Francisco, CA, United States.

Background: Over 30 million people in the United States (over 9%) have been diagnosed with diabetes. About 25% of people with diabetes will experience a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) in their lifetime. Unresolved DFUs may lead to sepsis and are the leading cause of lower-limb amputations. Read More

J Neurol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Department of Neurology, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Hattingen, Bredenscheider Str. 54, 45525, Hattingen, Germany.

Objective: HRUS is increasingly being used in the diagnosis and evaluation of autoimmune neuropathies such as CIDP. Recently, studies focused not only on changes of nerves size, but also the fascicular structure and the echogenicity changes in CIDP. However, little is known about the alterations of echogenicity in the long-term course in CIDP. Read More

Med Eng Phys 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Anatomy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

Cubital tunnel syndrome is the most prevalent neuropathy of the ulnar nerve and its aetiology is controversial. Potential replacement materials should display similar viscoelastic properties. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and merit of quantifying the frequency-dependent viscoelastic properties of proximal and distal sections of the human ulnar nerve. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Office of Hematology and Oncology, FDA.

On December 20, 2017, the Food and Drug Administration granted regular approval to pertuzumab in combination with trastuzumab and chemotherapy for the adjuvant treatment of patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer (EBC) at high risk of recurrence. Approval was based on data from the APHINITY trial, which randomized patients to receive pertuzumab or placebo in combination with trastuzumab and chemotherapy. After 45. Read More

Acta Ortop Mex 2018 Jul-Aug;32(4):209-213

Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad de Traumatología y Ortopedia «Lomas Verdes» del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). México.

Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common compression neuropathy of the upper limb, and the release of the median nerve is the surgical treatment that is carried out. There are several surgical techniques used to treat this condition; However, this virtual cavity, which we call the carpal tunnel, undergoes several morphological and dimensional changes, prior to surgery and after surgery using the various techniques that the surgeon has a predilection for.

Material And Methods: Observational, prospective and longitudinal study conducted in the period from March to November 2009. Read More

J Neurosurg 2018 Dec;129(Suppl1):26-30

OBJECTIVEThis article is a preliminary evaluation of the efficacy of volume-staged Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in the treatment of patients with orbital venous malformations (OVMs).METHODSTwenty patients with moderate to large OVMs were treated with volume-staged GKRS between March 2005 and October 2015. The series included 8 male and 12 female patients with an average age of 22. Read More

Breast 2018 Dec 5;43:113-119. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Oncology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark.

Objectives: Hepatic arterial treatment (HAT) for liver metastases in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) has only been investigated in few studies.

Materials And Methods: Two phase II trials were initiated simultaneously to evaluate capecitabine in combination with oxaliplatin in patients with MBC and liver metastases. These two trials are reported together. Read More

Lancet 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

Background: Based on the encouraging activity and manageable safety profile observed in a phase 1 study, the ECHELON-2 trial was initiated to compare the efficacy and safety of brentuximab vedotin, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone (A+CHP) versus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) for the treatment of CD30-positive peripheral T-cell lymphomas.

Methods: ECHELON-2 is a double-blind, double-dummy, randomised, placebo-controlled, active-comparator phase 3 study. Eligible adults from 132 sites in 17 countries with previously untreated CD30-positive peripheral T-cell lymphomas (targeting 75% with systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma) were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive either A+CHP or CHOP for six or eight 21-day cycles. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Neurology, Kirikkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Yenişehir Mahallesi, Ankara Road 7.Km., Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Kampüsü, 71450 Yahşihan, Kırıkkale, Turkey. Electronic address:

Clinical diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is confirmed by nerve conduction studies (NCS). In some cases, NCS may be normal. We aimed to demonstrate changes of distal motor latency (DML) and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) pathology of demyelination in entrapment neuropathy with cold application in case of clinical CTS with normal NCS. Read More

Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

CELLTRION Healthcare Co. Ltd, Incheon, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: To investigate the safety and efficacy of 30-min maintenance infusions of trastuzumab in advanced gastric cancer positive for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2).

Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted across five Korean hospitals in patients with HER2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma treated with first-line, 3-weekly trastuzumab plus chemotherapy. The first dose of trastuzumab (8 mg/kg) was administered as a 90-min infusion, with all subsequent maintenance infusions (6 mg/kg) given over 30 min. Read More

Eur J Cancer 2018 Dec 7;107:46-52. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Medical Oncology Department, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France. Electronic address:

Background: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and platinum-based perioperative chemotherapy is standard of care for resectable gastric adenocarcinoma (RGA). Nanoparticle albumin-bound (Nab-) paclitaxel is active in advanced disease but has never been evaluated in the perioperative setting. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of Nab-paclitaxel in combination with FOLFOX for RGA patients. Read More

Reumatologia 2018 31;56(5):294-300. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.

Objectives: To determine the incidence and factors associated with median neuropathy at the wrist (MNW) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients using an electrodiagnostic (EDX) study.

Material And Methods: SSc patients who attended the scleroderma clinic, Srinagarind Hospital, were prospectively evaluated by questionnaire, physical examination, and EDX study. The questionnaire consisted of the baseline characteristics, type of scleroderma, clinical signs and symptoms associated with scleroderma, and the Boston questionnaire. Read More

Anticancer Res 2018 Dec;38(12):6911-6917

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.

Background/aim: Nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)-paclitaxel has demonstrated antitumor activity against advanced gastric cancer. However, gastric cancer patients can be difficult to treat with the recommended dose because of the high incidence of adverse toxicities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of low-dose nab-paclitaxel in a multicenter, single-arm, phase II study. Read More

Semin Hematol 2018 Oct 13;55(4):189-196. Epub 2017 Oct 13.

Haematology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Salamanca, Spain.

Bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone combination is one of the standards of care for nontransplant eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. However, bortezomib intravenous (twice weekly for 4 cycles then weekly for 5 cycles) results in ~13% of patients with grade 3-4 peripheral neuropathy. Bortezomib subcutaneous (SQ) and weekly delivery, improves tolerability without impairment of efficacy. Read More

J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2019 Jan;78(1):78-87

Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology.

Human immunodeficiency virus-associated sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) remains a frequent neurologic complication of HIV infection. Little is known about alterations in the peripheral nervous system during the early stages of HIV, a time when neuroprotective interventions may be most beneficial. We performed Nanostring gene expression analysis on lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG) from 6 simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected pigtailed macaques killed at 7 days post-inoculation and 8 uninfected controls. Read More

Hand (N Y) 2018 Nov 30:1558944718813669. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

1 NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York City, USA.

Background: Many patients treated for ulnar nerve compression at the elbow (UNE) are concomitantly treated for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). We sought to investigate the association between the conditions.

Methods: The Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database was used to determine the number of patients with UNE concomitantly treated for CTS in New York State from 2003 to 2014. Read More

Cardiovasc Diabetol 2018 Nov 28;17(1):150. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

University of Leicester, University Rd, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.

Background: The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes-related complications is not well described. We assessed prevalence of vascular complications at baseline in DISCOVER (NCT02322762; NCT02226822), a global, prospective, observational study program of 15,992 patients with type 2 diabetes initiating second-line therapy, conducted across 38 countries.

Methods: Patients were recruited from primary and specialist healthcare settings. Read More

Oncologist 2018 Nov 23. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center and Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Background: The randomized phase III RAINBOW trial established paclitaxel (pac) plus ramucirumab (ram) as a global standard for second-line (2L) therapy in advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, together gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA). Patients (pts) receiving first-line (1L) FOLFOX often develop neuropathy that renders continued neurotoxic agents in the 2L setting unappealing and other regimens more desirable. As such, FOLFIRI-ram has become an option for patients with 2L GEA. Read More

Br J Haematol 2018 Nov 20. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

There is a need for efficacious, convenient treatments with long-term tolerability for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). This phase 2 study evaluated the all-oral combination of ixazomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (ICd). Patients with RRMM received ixazomib 4 mg and cyclophosphamide 300 mg/m on days 1, 8 and 15, and dexamethasone 40 mg on days 1, 8, 15 and 22 in 28-day cycles. Read More

Pain Manag 2018 Nov 19. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.

Aim: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a very common entrapment neuropathy characterized by pain and paresthesia in the territory of the median nerve. Although this syndrome has a considerable impact on the patient's quality of life, its medical treatment is far from optimal.

Material & Methods: We performed an observational study to evaluate Nucleo CMP Forte in patients with electromyography-confirmed, mild-moderate CTS. Read More

J Ultrasound Med 2018 Nov 16. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Departments of Radiology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Göztepe Training and Research Hospital, Kadikoy, Turkey.

Objectives: To investigate the utility of shear wave elastography (SWE) in detecting morphologic abnormalities of the median nerve and posterior tibial nerve in transverse and longitudinal axes in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) without diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).

Methods: The median nerves and posterior tibial nerves of 25 adolescents with diagnosis and follow-up of type 1 DM without DPN and 32 healthy volunteers were evaluated with SWE by 2 observers on the transverse and longitudinal axes. The cross-sectional area and thickness of the nerves and disease duration were noted, and probable associations of these parameters with SWE features were analyzed. Read More

Br J Anaesth 2018 Dec 6;121(6):1298-1307. Epub 2018 Sep 6.

Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory for Clinical Cardiovascular Physiology, Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Background: The baroreflex regulates arterial blood pressure (BP). During periods when blood pressure changes, cerebral blood flow (CBF) is kept constant by cerebral autoregulation (CA). In patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), low baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is associated with impaired CA. Read More

Glia 2018 11 11;66(11):2299-2315. Epub 2018 Nov 11.

Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.

Neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on peripheral nerve injury remain uncertain. This study investigated the efficacy of EPO in attenuating median nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathy. Animals received an intraneural injection of EPO at doses of 1,000, 3,000, or 5,000 units/kg 15 min before median nerve CCI. Read More

Lancet Oncol 2018 Dec 6;19(12):1630-1640. Epub 2018 Nov 6.

Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Electronic address:

Background: The optimal chemotherapy backbone for dual HER2 blockade in the neoadjuvant setting for early breast cancer is unknown. We investigated whether the addition of anthracyclines would improve pathological complete response compared with a carboplatin-taxane regimen, when given in combination with the HER2-targeted agents trastuzumab and pertuzumab.

Methods: The TRAIN-2 study is an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial being done in 37 hospitals in the Netherlands. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Oct;97(43):e12956

Department of Ultrasound.

The present study applied the shear wave elastography (SWE) to the median nerve in order to investigate the feasibility and reliability of its use in 40 healthy volunteers. Shear wave velocities of the median nerve on bilateral forearms and right carpal tunnel were obtained with relaxing or stretching conditions. The inter- and intraobserver agreements and differences of nerve elasticity among groups were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients, the paired t test, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, respectively. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 25;9:2468. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Mutations in , encoding a non-coding RNA molecule, underlie cartilage-hair hypoplasia (CHH), a syndromic immunodeficiency with multiple pathogenetic mechanisms and variable phenotype. Allergy and asthma have been reported in the CHH population and some patients suffer from autoimmune (AI) diseases. We explored AI and allergic manifestations in a large cohort of Finnish patients with CHH and correlated clinical features with laboratory parameters and autoantibodies. Read More

Blood Cancer J 2018 Nov 8;8(11):108. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.

Lenalidomide-RCHOP (R2-CHOP21) has been shown to be safe and effective in patients with untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The aim of this analysis is to report long-term outcome and toxicities in newly diagnosed DLBCL patients who received R2-CHOP21 in two independent phase 2 trials, conducted by Mayo Clinic (MC) and Fondazione Italiana Linfomi (FIL). All patients received R-CHOP21 plus lenalidomide. Read More

J Neuroimaging 2018 Nov 8. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Department of Neurology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.

Background And Purpose: Several studies have aimed to find potential biomarkers to simplify the diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and to monitor and predict the disease course. However, reliable markers are still lacking. We aimed to investigate whether high-resolution nerve ultrasound (HRUS) is suitable for monitoring the long-term clinical course of CIDP. Read More

Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018 Nov 7. Epub 2018 Nov 7.

The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Purpose: Breast cancer survivors face numerous challenges after diagnosis and treatment. Several models have been developed to attempt to improve quality of care. Here, we describe characteristics and outcomes of patients who participated in survivorship visits (SV) at Johns Hopkins (JH). Read More

J Am Acad Audiol 2018 Nov 8. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Background: The detection of precise hearing thresholds in infants and children with auditory neuropathy (AN) is challenging with current objective methods, especially in those younger than six months of age.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the thresholds using auditory steady-state response (ASSR) and cochlear microphonics (CM) in children with AN and children with normal hearing.

Research Design: The thresholds of CM, ASSR, and visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) tests were recorded; the ASSR and VRA frequencies used were 250, 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz. Read More

Gut Liver 2018 11;12(6):728-735

Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background/aims: The combination of nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine (nab-P/Gem) is widely used for treating metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC). We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic outcomes and prognostic role of treatment-related peripheral neuropathy in patients with MPC treated with nab-P/Gem in clinical practice.

Methods: MPC patients treated with nab-P/Gem as the first-line chemotherapy were included. Read More

Scand J Rheumatol 2018 Nov 5:1-7. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

a Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology , Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine , Gunma , Japan.

Objective: We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and treatment course of hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HPM) in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV).

Methods: We retrospectively analysed 15 patients (11 men and four women). HPM was diagnosed based on thickening and enhancing of the brain and/or spinal dura mater on gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1 sequence. Read More

Pain Manag 2018 Nov 5;8(6):455-463. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

CS General Ricardos. Madrid 28019, Spain.

Aim: To determine the predictive factors of the neuropathic pain in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), and the impact of such neuropathic pain on patient's activity.

Methods: Douleur Neuropathique 4 questionnaire, Short Form-Brief Pain Inventory test and Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire were completed and results were stratified according neuropathic pain and work activity of the patients.

Results: 69 of 90 patients with CTS had neuropathic pain (76. Read More

Orphanet J Rare Dis 2018 Nov 3;13(1):194. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Center for Neurology, and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.

Objective: High-resolution nerve ultrasound (HRUS) is a painless tool to quickly evaluate peripheral nerve morphology in vivo. This study set out to characterize peripheral nerve involvement in X-linked adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) by HRUS.

Methods: Thirteen adults with genetically proven AMN were examined using the Ultrasound pattern sum score (UPSS) to evaluate morphological abnormalities of peripheral nerves, vagal nerves, as well as cervical nerve roots. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(44):e13020

Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Province Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, China.

Background: Prostaglandin E1 (P) or methylcobalamin (M) treatment has been suggested as a therapeutic approach for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in many clinical trial reports. However, the combined effects of 2 drugs still remain dubious.

Objective: The aim of this report was to evaluate the efficacy of M plus P (M + P) for the treatment of DPN compared with that of P monotherapy, in order to provide a reference resource for rational drug use. Read More

Anat Sci Int 2018 Oct 31. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Laboratory Medicine (PALM), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA.

Gantzer muscles are variant muscles in the anterior forearm inserting into the flexor pollicis longus or, less often, the flexor digitorum profundus. The presence of Gantzer muscles can cause a compressive neuropathy affecting the anterior interosseous nerve (Kiloh-Nevin syndrome). These muscles must also be considered when anterior forearm fasciotomies are performed for the management of acute compartment syndrome. Read More

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2018 Oct;45(10):1549-1551

Dept. of Surgery, Gifu Municipal Hospital.

From January 2016 through December 2017, 18 patients received paclitaxel plus ramucirumab combination therapy and 1 patient received ramucirumab monotherapy. Thus, a total of 19 patients were analyzed in terms of both therapeutic effect and adverse events. The response evaluation of the targeted lesion was as follows; CR: 0, PR: 1, SD: 16, PD: 2. Read More

Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2018 Sep-Oct;29(5):1139-1149

Department of Neurology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

The objective was to study the prevalence, clinical features, electrophysiological features, and severity of peripheral neuropathy in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and effect of the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM). Between May 2015 and December 2016, 100 CKD patients on PD were assessed. The prevalence of peripheral neuropathy was 65% based on clinical symptoms and 92% based on electrophysiological parameters. Read More

J Nucl Cardiol 2018 Oct 29. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Background: Nuclear imaging modalities using Iodine-metaiodobenzylguanidine (I-MIBG) and bone seeking tracers identify early cardiac involvement in ATTRm amyloidosis patients. However, little is known whether results from I-MIBG scintigraphy actually correlate to markers for either cardiac autonomic neuropathy or cardiomyopathy.

Methods: All TTR mutation carriers and ATTRm patients who underwent both I-MIBG and Technetium-hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (Tc-HDP) scintigraphy were included. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2018 Oct 25. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

Background/aims: To measure health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with uveitis using time trade-off (TTO) and standard gamble (SG) methods of direct utility analysis.

Methods: Consecutive patients attending a tertiary referral uveitis clinic were administered standardised, interview-delivered TTO and SG questionnaires and completed the European Quality of Life Five Dimensions Five Level (EQ5D-5L) questionnaire. Clinical data recorded included best-corrected visual acuity, uveitis anatomical and clinical classifications, duration since diagnosis, disease activity, current medication and any ocular or systemic comorbidities. Read More

Radiother Oncol 2018 Oct 22. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

National Institutional of Radiological Sciences Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.

Purpose: We investigated the efficacy and safety of carbon-ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) for locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC).

Patients And Methods: Data from patients with LRRC treated with C-ion RT from November 2003 to December 2014 at three institutions were retrospectively analyzed. The endpoints of this clinical trial were overall survival (OS), local control (LC), and acute/late toxicity. Read More

Blood 2018 Dec 23;132(24):2546-2554. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada; and.

Selinexor is an oral inhibitor of the nuclear export protein exportin 1. Preclinical studies demonstrated synergistic antimyeloma activity between selinexor and proteasome inhibitors (PI) through suppression of NF-κB signaling and nuclear retention of tumor suppressor proteins. We tested selinexor in combination with low-dose bortezomib and dexamethasone (SVd) for the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM). Read More

Eur J Neurol 2018 Oct 23. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Centre National de Référence pour la Neuropathie Amyloïde Familiale, CHU Bicêtre, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin- Bicêtre, France.

Background And Purpose: The aim is to describe an uncommon phenotype of hereditary ATTR neuropathy with upper limb onset.

Methods: The French TTR Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy database was used for a retrospective evaluation of 32 consecutive patients with upper limb onset of the neuropathy (study group) and they were compared to 31 Portuguese early-onset patients and 99 late-onset patients without upper limb onset.

Results: Initial upper limb symptoms were mostly sensory. Read More

Clin Interv Aging 2018 11;13:1953-1962. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden,

Background: Accurate diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), the most common entrapment neuropathy, and its differentiation from other diseases are essential, especially in older individuals with advanced symptoms and modified electrophysiological abnormalities. The current study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography (US), regarding sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of CTS in elderly patients.

Methods: Individuals with upper limb complaints and reference subjects were recruited from the Rofaydeh Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from June 2013 to October 2014 - (15 months). Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018 11 22;115(45):E10720-E10729. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 40402;

Adequate pain management remains an unmet medical need. We previously revealed an opioid-independent analgesic mechanism mediated by orexin 1 receptor (OX1R)-initiated 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) signaling in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG). Here, we found that low-frequency median nerve stimulation (MNS) through acupuncture needles at the PC6 (Neiguan) acupoint (MNS-PC6) induced an antinociceptive effect that engaged this mechanism. Read More

BMC Cancer 2018 Oct 22;18(1):1019. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong an road, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

Background: Nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)-paclitaxel has better efficacy, safety profiles, and no need to use prophylactic steroids compared with solvent-based paclitaxel. We performed a single arm, phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of weekly nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine combination in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and explored role of tumor/stromal Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) as a predictive biomarker for the efficacy.

Methods: Nab-paclitaxel (125 mg/m) and gemcitabine (800 mg/m) were administered on days 1, 8, and 15 in a 4-week cycle. Read More

Lancet 2018 10;392(10156):1423-1433

Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK; Haywood Academic Rheumatology Centre, Haywood Hospital, Staffordshire and Stoke-on-Trent Partnership NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, UK. Electronic address:

Background: To our knowledge, the comparative effectiveness of commonly used conservative treatments for carpal tunnel syndrome has not been evaluated previously in primary care. We aimed to compare the clinical and cost-effectiveness of night splints with a corticosteroid injection with regards to reducing symptoms and improving hand function in patients with mild or moderate carpal tunnel syndrome.

Methods: We did this randomised, open-label, pragmatic trial in adults (≥18 years) with mild or moderate carpal tunnel syndrome recruited from 25 primary and community musculoskeletal clinics and services. Read More

Lancet 2018 10;392(10156):1383-1384

Department of Clinical Sciences and Department of Orthopaedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics, Hässleholm-Kristianstad, Hässleholm SE 28125, Sweden. Electronic address: