Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Ann Anat 2019 Apr 22. Epub 2019 Apr 22.

Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria.

Background: Recent reports in rat models have shown that fibroblasts in the epiligament, an enveloping tissue of the ligament, are not static cells and play an important role during the early ligament healing of isolated grade III injury of the collateral ligaments of the knee. Fibroblasts produce collagen types I, III and V and infiltrate within the ligament body via the endoligament. In addition, similarities have been reported between the structure of the epiligament of the medial collateral ligament and anterior cruciate ligament of the knee in rat and in human. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2019 Apr 17:363546519833925. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.

Background: The use of artificial turf in American football continues to grow in popularity, and the effect of these playing surfaces on athletic injuries remains controversial. Knee injuries account for a significant portion of injuries in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) football league; however, the effect of artificial surfaces on knee injuries remains ill-defined.

Hypothesis: There is no difference in the rate or mechanism of knee ligament and meniscal injuries during NCAA football events on natural grass and artificial turf playing surfaces. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Football Research Group, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

Purpose: Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury is the single most common traumatic knee injury in football. The purpose of this study was to study the epidemiology and mechanisms of MCL injury in men's professional football and to evaluate the diagnostic and treatment methods used.

Methods: Fifty-one teams were followed prospectively between one and three full seasons (2013/2014-2015/2016). Read More

Br J Sports Med 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Institute of Physiotherapy, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.

Background: This updated systematic review reports data from 2009 on the prevalence, and risk factors, for knee osteoarthritis (OA) more than 10 years after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear.

Methods: We systematically searched five databases (PubMed, EMBASE, AMED, Cinahl and SPORTDiscus) for prospective and retrospective studies published after 1 August 2008. Studies were included if they investigated participants with ACL tear (isolated or in combination with medial collateral ligament and/or meniscal injuries) and reported symptomatic and/or radiographic OA at a minimum of 10 years postinjury. Read More

Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 2019 Mar 30. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

Department of Orthopaedics, Bone and Joint Institute, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 30 Hope Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.

Purpose Of Review: The diagnosis and management of combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries have been a controversial topic for several decades. No single approach has proven optimal for treatment and there is no consensus between most specialists. This review seeks to describe and clarify the current state and the future of management. Read More

Arthroscopy 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: To evaluate the radiographic and clinical follow-up results of iatrogenic medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries caused by valgus stress during arthroscopic surgery of the knee.

Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated 15 knees in 15 patients (8 female and 7 male patients), with a mean age of 58 years (range, 45-66 years), with iatrogenic MCL injuries caused by valgus stress during arthroscopic surgery of the knee. All patients were treated conservatively without an immobilizer or brace. Read More

Arthrosc Tech 2019 Feb 22;8(2):e163-e173. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Knee Surgery-Arthroscopy and Sports Injuries Unit, Orthopedic Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.

Combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries are the most common type of combined ligamentous injury of the knee. The optimal treatment for these combined injuries is controversial. Combined ACL and MCL-posterior oblique ligament (POL) reconstruction avoids late anteromedial rotatory instability and chronic valgus instability of the knee and decreases the increased stress on the ACL graft. Read More

Knee Surg Relat Res 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Knee & Shoulder Clinic, New Delhi, India.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) femoral avulsions are a rare entity mainly seen in children. We describe a unique case of a bony ACL avulsion with a medial collateral ligament (MCL) and lateral meniscus (LM) tear in a 37-year-old patient who sustained a two-wheeler accident. The ACL femoral avulsion was fixed arthroscopically using a Knee Scorpion and a FiberTape fixed over a suture disc on the lateral cortex. Read More

Cells Tissues Organs 2019 Mar 15:1-17. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria.

The medial collateral ligament of the knee joint is one of the most commonly injured ligaments of the knee. Recent data have shown that the thin layer of connective tissue covering the ligament, known as the epiligament, is essential for its nutrition and normal function, as well as its healing after injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare the changes in the epiligament of the medial collateral ligament which occurred during operative and non-operative treatment throughout the first month after injury. Read More

Arthroscopy 2019 Mar 13. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A.

Purpose: To evaluate differences in repair and nonoperatively managed grade III medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Methods: Patients enrolled in a multicenter prospective longitudinal group who underwent unilateral primary ACL reconstruction between 2002 and 2008 were evaluated. Patients with concomitant grade III MCL injuries treated either operatively or nonoperatively were identified. Read More

Clin Sports Med 2019 Apr 19;38(2):275-283. Epub 2019 Jan 19.

The Wellington and Portland Children's Hospitals, Queen Anne Street Medical Centre, 18-22, Queen Anne Street, London W1G 8HU, UK.

The internal brace is a ligament repair bridging concept using braided ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene suture tape and knotless bone anchors to reinforce ligament strength to allow early mobilization during early-phase healing. This concept can be used in the management of anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, anterolateral ligament, medial collateral ligament, posteromedial corner, and posterolateral corner injuries. Ligament reinforcement is a concept in which a graft is reinforced and can be used in all aspects of knee ligament reconstruction. Read More

Clin Sports Med 2019 Apr 19;38(2):215-234. Epub 2019 Jan 19.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck Medical Center of the University of Southern California, 1520 San Pablo Street, Suite 2000, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.

The multiple ligament injured knee is a complex biomechanical environment. When primary stabilizers fail, secondary stabilizers have an increased role. In addition, loss of primary restraints puts undue stress on the remaining intact structures of the knee. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2019 Mar;47(4):863-869

Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Westphalian Wilhelms University Muenster, Waldeyerstraβe 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany.

Background:: Little is known about the dynamic restraints of the semimembranosus muscle (SM).

Purpose And Hypothesis:: The goal of the present study was to elucidate the role of (1) passive and (2) active restraints to medial-side instability and to analyze (3) the corresponding tightening of the posteromedial structures by loading the SM. It was hypothesized that points 1 to 3 will significantly restrain medial knee instability. Read More

Trauma Case Rep 2019 Apr 15;20:100174. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, sector 12, Chandigarh 160012, India.

Introduction: Proximal tibia intra-articular fractures are commonly associated with ligamentous injuries and require early diagnosis and intervention. An array of fracture patterns can be encountered, and Schatzker's classification is a standard description to identify them. However, several patterns have been described that fall outside the ambits of this classification. Read More

SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2019 11;7:2050313X18823102. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.

Knee dislocation with concomitant multiligament injury is a rare and devastating injury. We report the successful repair of a rare case of open knee dislocation with concomitant multiligament injury and patellar tendon rupture of an 18-year-old male due to a motorcycle accident. The patient presented with an open wound running parallel to the knee joint line and patellar tendon rupture with full exposure of the cartilage of the distal femur. Read More

Ann Biomed Eng 2019 Mar 17;47(3):790-801. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

McCaig Institute for Bone & Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Little effort has been directed towards the consequence of an injury on joint angular velocity. We hypothesized that the magnitude of knee joint angular velocity would be decreased after injury. Four injury groups were investigated in an ovine model: (1) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) transection (ACL/MCL Tx) (n = 5), (2) lateral meniscectomy (Mx) (n = 5), (3) partial ACL transection (p-ACL Tx) (n = 5), and (4) partial-ACL and MCL transection (p-ACL/MCL Tx) (n = 5). Read More

Knee 2019 Jan 8. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Grupo de Joelho, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Background: To report the functional outcomes and complications from reconstructing the knee posterolateral complex (PLC), associated with one-stage opening-wedge tibial valgus osteotomy, and discuss the technical feasibility of this procedure.

Methods: Five patients with chronic PLC injuries and varus deviation of the mechanical axis, associated with central pivot injuries or not, underwent medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy combined with PLC reconstruction. The lateral collateral ligament, popliteal tendon, and popliteofibular ligament were reconstructed using a single femoral tunnel. Read More

Phys Ther Sport 2018 Nov 24;34:227-237. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Faculty of Sport, Health and Applied Sciences, St Mary's University, Waldegrave Road, Twickenham, TW1 4SX, UK. Electronic address:

Objective: Strength training acute programme variables (APVs) can impact tibiofemoral joint injury outcomes. Exercise descriptors (EDs; e.g. Read More

Chin Med J (Engl) 2018 Nov;131(21):2608-2610

Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233; Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201306, China.

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018 Oct 29. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Purpose: To determine how concomitant medial collateral ligament (MCL) and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) injuries affect outcome after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Methods: Patients aged > 15 years who were registered in the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry for primary ACL reconstruction between 2005 and 2016 were eligible for inclusion. Patients with a concomitant MCL or LCL injury were stratified according to collateral ligament treatment (non-surgical, repair or reconstruction), and one isolated ACL reconstruction group was created. Read More

Am Fam Physician 2018 Nov;98(10):570-576

West Virginia University School of Medicine-Eastern Campus, Harpers Ferry, WV, USA.

Braces and splints can immobilize and protect joints, reduce pain, decrease swelling, and facilitate healing of acute injuries. They are also used for injury prevention and chronic pain reduction, and to alter the function of a joint. The medial unloading (valgus) knee brace is an option for patients with medial knee osteoarthritis, but evidence of long-term benefit is limited. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018 Oct 25. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 148 Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate whether supine lateral radiographs (SLRs) could replace stress radiographs for diagnosing chronic posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries and identifying combined PCL injuries (defined as PCL injury with medial collateral ligament or posterolateral ligament complex injury).

Methods: In this retrospective study, both SLRs at 30° and 90° of knee flexion (30/90 SLRs) and Telos stress radiographs of patients with chronic PCL injuries (n = 38) and only 30/90 SLRs of healthy controls (n = 84) were taken. Injured-to-normal differences on 30/90 SLRs and stress radiographs were assessed. Read More

Res Sports Med 2018 Oct 14:1-12. Epub 2018 Oct 14.

a Department of Exercise and Sport Science , University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , NC , USA.

Research on knee internal derangement (KID) injuries in high school girls' lacrosse is limited, yet needed to identify sport-specific risk factors. This study describes the epidemiology of KID injuries in United States high school girls' lacrosse during the 2008/09-2016/17 academic years. Athletic trainers (ATs) reported injury and athlete-exposure (AE) data to the High School Reporting Information Online (RIO) surveillance system. Read More

Clin Imaging 2019 Jan - Feb;53:32-34. Epub 2018 Sep 11.

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, 601 N. Caroline Street, JHOC 3142, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address:

The Segond fracture is a tibial avulsion injury of the insertion of the middle third of the lateral capsular ligament that is typically associated with anterior cruciate ligament and meniscal tears. The classically assigned mechanism of injury is a combination of internal rotation and varus stress. We report two cases of Segond fractures that presented with a variant pattern including osseous avulsion injuries of the medial collateral ligament at the femoral origin, anterior cruciate ligament tear, and pivot shift-type osseous contusion pattern, suggesting an alternative mechanism of injury that includes dominant valgus stress and external rotation components. Read More

J Knee Surg 2018 Oct 3. Epub 2018 Oct 3.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Anderson Orthopaedic Clinic, Alexandria, Virginia.

Partial knee arthroplasty is a procedure with long-term successful outcomes. However, there are several potential complications including retained cement fragments, bearing dislocation, infection, component loosening, medial collateral ligament injury, and overcorrection, leading to progressive arthritis. Periprosthetic fracture is an uncommon complication, with multiple reports showing an incidence of less than 1%. Read More

Int Orthop 2019 Jan 1;43(1):223-228. Epub 2018 Oct 1.

"La Sapienza" University of Rome, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Traumatology Sports Center "Kilk Kilgour", Via Di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, Rome, RM, Italy.

Aim Of The Study: To describe the surgical findings of the anterolateral complex in patients with the "unhappy triad" lesion of the knee.

Method: One hundred and twenty-five consecutive patients presenting with acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears were selected for this study. Only cases, evaluated with a valgus stress test under fluoroscopy, with a medial opening more than 5 mm of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) were included in the study (11 patients). Read More

Arthrosc Tech 2018 Sep 13;7(9):e921-e926. Epub 2018 Aug 13.

Department of Orthopaedics, New York Presbyterian, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, U.S.A.

The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is the most commonly injured ligament of the knee. Given its extra-articular location, the MCL has great healing capacity such that the mainstay of treatment for most injuries remains conservative management. However, certain injury patterns place patients and athletes at risk of residual valgus laxity, which may require delayed surgical care and prolonged time out from sports. Read More

Orthop J Sports Med 2018 Sep 19;6(9):2325967118794367. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Department of Orthopaedics and Spine Surgery, Ganga Hospital, Coimbatore, India.

Background: The knee dislocation-3 (KD3) injury pattern is the most common form of multiligamentous injury. Medial KD3 (KD3-M) and lateral KD3 (KD3-L) are 2 anatomically different varieties of this injury.

Purpose: To compare the surgical outcomes of KD3-M and KD3-L multiligamentous knee injury patterns and to determine the factors that could influence the outcomes after single-stage reconstruction. Read More

EFORT Open Rev 2018 Jul 2;3(7):398-407. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 'La Paz' University Hospital-IdiPaz, Spain.

Tears of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) are the most common knee ligament injury.Incomplete tears (grade I, II) and isolated tears (grade III) of the MCL without valgus instability can be treated without surgery, with early functional rehabilitation.Failure of non-surgical treatment can result in debilitating, persistent medial instability, secondary dysfunction of the anterior cruciate ligament, weakness, and osteoarthritis. Read More

J Knee Surg 2018 Sep 18. Epub 2018 Sep 18.

Department of Orthopaedics, Rothman Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Superficial medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury is an occasional intraoperative complication during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) that can lead to failure. Although previous studies have recommended complex repair or conversion to a constrained implant, the authors evaluated results of superficial distal MCL reapproximation using bone staples. Records of 31 patients who underwent staple reapproximation for superficial MCL avulsion from the tibial attachment during primary TKA from 2005 to 2015 were reviewed. Read More

J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev 2017 Aug 14;1(5):e019. Epub 2017 Aug 14.

Richmond Bone and Joint Clinic Surgical, Richmond, TX (Dr. Motamedi); Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine and Research Institute, Roanoke (Mr. Gowd, Mr. Nazemi, and Dr. Behrend); the Department of Orthopedics, Carilion Clinic, Roanoke (Mr. Gowd, Dr. Nazemi, and Dr. Behrend); and St. Joseph Health and Mission Hospital, Laguna Beach, CA (Dr. Gardner).

Introduction: We studied injury to the medial collateral ligament (MCL) in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I football players, their incidence, magnitude of injury, distribution by position, and missed time, which has not previously been described in a consecutive series.

Methods: The knee injuries sustained in 163 consecutive NCAA Division I collegiate football players at our institution were evaluated over a span of 6 years.

Results: The incidence of MCL injuries with any knee injury was 29% (47 of 163). Read More

J Knee Surg 2018 Sep 11. Epub 2018 Sep 11.

Department of Orthopaedics, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, China.

The ipsilateral peroneus longus tendon (PLT) was utilized as an autograft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction of patients with acute ACL rupture and grade III medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury. We investigated the efficacy and safety of this alternative autograft compared with autologous hamstring tendon (HT). Biomechanical testing of the graft options was performed and compared with the native ACL. Read More

J Knee Surg 2018 Sep 6. Epub 2018 Sep 6.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the prevalence of anterolateral ligament abnormality and associated injuries among patients with complete and partial anterior cruciate ligament tears. In addition, the prevalence of associated injuries with anterolateral ligament abnormality was further analyzed. Of the 158 patients diagnosed with acute anterior cruciate ligament tear, 82 patients were diagnosed with acute complete anterior cruciate ligament confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and arthroscopic procedures (Group C), and 74 patients were diagnosed with acute partial anterior cruciate ligament tears confirmed by MRI (Group P). Read More

Arthrosc Tech 2018 Aug 16;7(8):e839-e843. Epub 2018 Jul 16.

Orthopaedic Trauma Service, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, U.S.A.

Knee dislocations often result in a severe multiligament injured knee (MLIK) with complex instability. Multiligament reconstruction can successfully restore knee stability and is commonly recommended, although surgical morbidity is induced by graft harvesting and tunnel drilling, and convergence of multiple tunnels can complicate the surgery. Therefore, as an alternative, primary repair of knee ligaments is currently reconsidered. Read More

Injury 2018 Oct 16;49(10):1871-1877. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI, United States. Electronic address:

Purpose: To assess plain radiographic morphology of arcuate fractures in order to identify patterns and help shape treatment algorithm for proximal fibula fracture.

Methods: A search of radiographic reports at a level 1 trauma center from 2014 to 2016 using MONTAGE search software for the phrases "arcuate fracture", "fibular head avulsion", or "fibular head fracture" was conducted. Descriptive measurements were obtained including dimensions of the fragment, the displacement of the fragment from its anatomic position, and the orientation of the primary fracture line relative to the axis of the fibular diaphysis in both the sagittal and coronal plane. Read More

Orthopedics 2018 Sep 10;41(5):e738-e740. Epub 2018 Aug 10.

Medial collateral ligament reconstruction is often performed in knees with multiligamentous injury, and numerous techniques have been previously described. A novel method of internally bracing and reconstructing the medial collateral ligament with a semitendinosus autograft is described. This provides several advantages, including reproducible isometric graft placement, optimized fixation strength, and internal bracing. Read More

Orthop J Sports Med 2018 Jul 30;6(7):2325967118787182. Epub 2018 Jul 30.

The Steadman Clinic, Vail, Colorado, USA.

Background: The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is one of the most commonly injured structures in the knee, especially in young athletes. The impact of MCL injury on National Football League (NFL) performance in elite collegiate athletes has not yet been described in the literature.

Purpose: We aim to (1) describe the prevalence and severity of MCL injuries in NFL Combine participants, (2) detail injury management, and (3) analyze the impact of MCL injury on NFL performance in terms of draft position, games played, games started, and snap percentage. Read More

J Knee Surg 2018 Aug 1. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University Hospital Sports Centre, National University Health System, Singapore.

Females are well known to have a two to nine times increase in relative risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture as compared with males. However, there is limited literature available regarding the rates of associated intra-articular and extra-articular injuries associated with ACL ruptures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender differences in intra-articular and extra-articular injuries associated with ACL ruptures in an acute setting. Read More

J Med Ultrasound 2017 Jul-Sep;25(3):167-172. Epub 2017 Aug 17.

University of California-Irvine, Dept of Emergency Medicine, USA.

Background: Ultrasound has become an increasingly utilized tool for the imaging of the musculoskeletal system, especially for imaging the components of the knee. Even though MRI is touted as being the golden standard for identifying knee pathologies, the use of ultrasound has gained popularity in this field given its ability for rapid diagnosis. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to diagnose injuries to the medial knee compartment when compared to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Read More

Int J Sports Phys Ther 2018 Jun;13(3):520-525

Orthopaedic Surgeon, Andrews Sports Medicine & Orthopaedic Center, Birmingham, AL.

Background: Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries are one of the most commonly treated knee pathologies in sports medicine. The MCL serves as the primary restraint to valgus force. The large majority of these injuries do not require surgical intervention. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2018 Aug 18;46(10):2341-2354. Epub 2018 Jul 18.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Background: The double-bundle reconstruction technique was developed to resemble the properties of the native anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) more closely than the conventional single-bundle technique. The clinical benefit of the operative procedure is controversial, and there is a need for studies with a focus on patient-reported outcomes (PROs).

Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Read More

Orthop J Sports Med 2018 Jun 12;6(6):2325967118777825. Epub 2018 Jun 12.

Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, USA.

Background: Vascular-derived progenitor and endothelial cell populations (CD31, CD34, CD146) are capable of multipotent differentiation at the site of injured ligamentous tissue to aid in the intrinsic healing response. Proximal ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) tears have been reported to have better healing capability when compared with distal UCL tears.

Purpose: To compare the vascular composition of the proximal and distal insertions of the anterior bundle of the UCL of the elbow via known markers of endothelial and vascular-derived progenitor cells (CD31, CD34, CD146). Read More

Cureus 2018 Mar 1;10(3):e2251. Epub 2018 Mar 1.

Orthopaedics, Evangelisches Krankenhaus.

Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries are the most common knee ligament injuries. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the investigation of choice for detecting such injuries. We report two cases of acute grade 3 MCL tears in young adults in which the injury was suspected clinically and was later confirmed by surgical exploration. Read More

Injury 2018 Aug 4;49(8):1602-1606. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

A femoral shaft fracture is usually a high-energy injury and, thus, is likely to be accompanied by an injury of adjacent joints such as a knee ligament injury. However, these associated injuries are often neglected because of severe pain and deformity. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the incidence, type and risk factors of ipsilateral knee injuries associated with femoral shaft fractures. Read More

Arthrosc Tech 2018 May 30;7(5):e557-e567. Epub 2018 Apr 30.

Knee Surgery-Arthroscopy and Sports Injuries Unit, Department of Orthopedic, Mansoura University, Mansoura City, Egypt.

An untreated posterolateral corner (PLC) injury in patients with a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) may be a leading cause of ACL reconstruction failure. Combined ACL and PLC reconstruction is discussed in few studies in the literature. Femoral tunnel intersection in combined reconstruction has been reported to be high. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2018 Jul 4;46(9):2113-2121. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are catastrophic events that affect athletic careers and lead to long-term degenerative knee changes. As injuries are believed to occur within the first 50 milliseconds after initial contact during a rapid deceleration task, impact simulators that rapidly deliver impulse loads to cadaveric specimens have been developed. However, no impactor has reproducibly and reliably created ACL injures in a distribution that mimics clinical observation. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 23;2018:7189714. Epub 2018 Apr 23.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the approach of using an electromagnetic tracking (EMT) system for measuring the effects of stepwise, simulated knee injuries on patellofemoral (PF) and tibiofemoral (TF) kinematics.

Methods: Three cadaver knees were placed in a motion rig. EMT sensors were mounted on the patella, the medial/lateral femoral epicondyles, the tibial condyle, and the tibial tuberosity (TT). Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018 May 30. Epub 2018 May 30.

Centre Albert Trillat, Orthopaedic Surgery, Croix-Rousse Hospital, Lyon, France.

Purpose: Soft tissue balancing is of central importance to outcome following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, there are lack of data analysing the effect of tibial bone cut thickness on valgus laxity. A cadaveric study was undertaken to assess the biomechanical consequences of tibial resection depth on through range knee joint valgus stability. Read More

Arthroscopy 2018 Aug 19;34(8):2446-2453. Epub 2018 May 19.

The Steadman Clinic, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A.; Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A.. Electronic address:

Purpose: To evaluate whether players with a history of an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) before the National Football League (NFL) Combine played or started fewer games and/or participated in fewer eligible snaps compared with NFL Combine participants without a history of knee injury or surgery.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all players who participated in the NFL Combine between 2009 and 2015 and who had a history of an ACLR. NFL Combine participants were included if they had a previous ACLR or combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and nonoperatively managed medial collateral ligament injury. Read More