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Arch Pediatr 2019 Nov 17;26(8):459-465. Epub 2019 Oct 17.

Service d'imagerie médicale, hôpital Nord, AP-HM, 13015 Marseille, France.

Thoracic ultrasound (TUS) is increasingly studied in neonatal respiratory distress but chest x-ray (CXR) remains the first-line exam. We aimed to evaluate its diagnostic performance for the investigation of unselected causes of neonatal respiratory distress in daily practice. We conducted a descriptive, prospective, and single-center diagnostic accuracy study in a tertiary hospital, including term and preterm newborns who needed a CXR because of respiratory conditions occurring at birth or during the first 24h of life. Read More

J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2018 ;11(3):281-287

Departments of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

Background: Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is one of the most common causes of neonatal respiratory distress (RD). However, distinguishing TTN from other causes of RD may be difficult during the first 12:24 h after birth. Lung ultrasonography (LUS) has been successfully utilized in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of neonatal RD. Read More

JAMA Pediatr 2018 02;172(2):161-165

Princess Durru Shehvar Children's and General Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Importance: Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) as a primary respiratory therapy in meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) has not been studied extensively. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure, when applied in newborns with MAS, may resolve atelectasis by sufficiently expanding partially obstructed small airways and stabilizing the collapsing terminal airways to enhance oxygen exchange.

Objective: To compare NCPAP vs standard care in neonates with moderate to severe respiratory failure due to MAS in reducing the need for invasive ventilation. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018 Dec 21;31(23):3108-3114. Epub 2017 Aug 21.

a Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics , College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea.

Aim: Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) patients are at times accompanied by persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN), which is by itself another risk factor of adverse outcomes. We aimed to assess the outcome of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) in these patients whom we managed to reverse the shunt flow, as they are expected to be at much higher risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 116 HIE infants (13 with PPHN and 103 without PPHN) who underwent TH between 2012 and 2016. Read More

Rev Neurol 2017 Jul;65(2):57-62

Universidad Camilo Jose Cela, Instituto de Investigacion Hospital 12 de Octubre., Madrid, Espana.

Introduction: There is a huge disparity in the description of the prevalence and risk factors of periventricular leukomalacia in preterm infants.

Aims: To describe and compare, through a systematic review of the literature, the prevalence of periventricular leukomalacia in preterm infants, as well as to determine the main risk factors associated with its presentation.

Subjects And Methods: A systematic review was conducted consulting multiple databases of the last 20 years. Read More

Ultrasound 2017 May 29;25(2):80-91. Epub 2017 Jan 29.

Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, UK.

Background And Aim: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is a leading cause of morbidity in preterm new-born babies (<37 weeks gestation age). The current diagnostic reference standard includes clinical testing and chest radiography with associated exposure to ionising radiation. The aim of this review was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of lung ultrasound against the reference standard in symptomatic neonates of ≤42 weeks gestation age. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2017 Apr 21;84(4):267-270. Epub 2017 Jan 21.

Department of Radiology, MNJ Institute of Oncology and Regional Cancer, Hyderabad, India.

Objectives: To determine the diagnostic test performance of Point of care ultrasonography (PoC-USG) for identifying the etiology of respiratory distress (RD) in neonates when combination of radiological and clinical criteria is considered as the gold standard.

Methods: A neonate was included in the study if he/she had RD and underwent x-ray chest and ultrasound within 4 h of admission and the age was less than 24 h. The neonates admitted with non-respiratory illness were chosen as controls. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Jan;96(2):e5826

aDepartment of Neonatology and NICU of Bayi Children's Hospital,the Army General Hospital of the Chinese PLA affiliated to Southern Medical University, Beijing bDepartment of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, China.

The aim of this study was to study the features of lung ultrasonography (LUS) in lung disease and to evaluate the usefulness of LUS in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).All of 3405 neonates included in this study underwent an LUS examination. Diagnoses were based on medical history, clinical manifestation, laboratory examination, and signs on chest radiography (CR) and/or computed tomography (CT). Read More

J Int Med Res 2016 Dec 2;44(6):1534-1542. Epub 2016 Nov 2.

1 Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Bayi Children's Hospital, the Army General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of lung ultrasonography for neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). Methods This prospective observational study enrolled patients diagnosed with MAS based on medical history, clinical manifestations and chest X-ray and control newborns without MAS. During ultrasonography, each lung was divided into three regions (front, lateral, and back), using anterior and posterior axillary lines as the boundary. Read More

Neonatology 2016 25;110(3):198-203. Epub 2016 May 25.

Neonatology Department, ICGON, BCNatal, Hospital Clínic - Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Background: The prognosis of neonatal respiratory distress may be difficult to estimate at admission. Lung ultrasound is a useful diagnostic tool that is quick, requires little training, and is radiation free.

Objective: This study aims to analyze whether early lung ultrasound can predict respiratory failure. Read More

Arch Pediatr 2016 Mar 12;23(3):317-21. Epub 2016 Feb 12.

Service de réanimation néonatale, hôpital Antoine-Béclère, hôpitaux universitaires Paris-Sud, AP-HP, 157, rue de la Porte-de-Trivaux, 92140 Clamart, France; Service de réanimation pédiatrique et néonatale, hôpital Bicêtre, hôpitaux universitaires Paris-Sud, AP-HP, 78, rue du Général-Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France. Electronic address:

Lung ultrasound (LU) is becoming a bedside point-of-care technique in critical care and emergency medicine as it is performed and immediately interpreted by the clinician. LU is quick, easy, relatively inexpensive, and provides accurate diagnostic information when compared with conventional lung imaging methods, such as CT scans and chest radiographs, with the additional advantage of being non-irradiating, adapted to bedside use, and easily repeatable with no side effects for the patient. LU is easy to learn, does not require sophisticated ultrasound machines or settings, and shows low intra- and interobserver variability when a standardized approach is used. Read More

Neonatology 2016 12;109(4):265-73. Epub 2016 Feb 12.

Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, N.Y., USA.

Background: The Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) recommends close monitoring of oxygenation during the resuscitation of newborns using a pulse oximeter. However, there are no guidelines for monitoring carbon dioxide (CO2) to assess ventilation. Considering that cerebral blood flow (CBF) correlates directly with PaCO2, continuous capnography monitoring of end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) may limit fluctuations in PaCO2 and, therefore, CBF during resuscitation of asphyxiated infants. Read More

Chest 2016 05 11;149(5):1269-75. Epub 2016 Jan 11.

Department of Neonatology and NICU of Bayi Children's Hospital, the Army General Hospital of the Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.

Background: This study explored the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for diagnosing transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN).

Methods: Ultrasound was performed by one export. Patients were placed in a supine, lateral recumbent, or prone position. Read More

BMC Res Notes 2016 Jan 19;9:31. Epub 2016 Jan 19.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Princess Marina Hospital, P.O. Box 258, Gaborone, Botswana.

Background: Despite advances in diagnostic imaging and focused antenatal care, cases of undiagnosed abdominal pregnancies at term are still reported in obstetric practice. It is atypical and very rare for a patient to be asymptomatic late in pregnancy and for the pregnancy to result in a live birth with no evidence of intrauterine growth restriction despite the unfavourable implantation site. This late term asymptomatic presentation despite routine antenatal care demonstrates a diagnostic challenge. Read More

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2015 Dec 13;94(12):1373-9. Epub 2015 Oct 13.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Falu Hospital, Falun, Sweden.

Introduction: Post-term pregnancies are associated with greater risks for mother and child. Accurate determination of gestational age is necessary for safe care. Female fetuses have been shown to be smaller than males at the time of second-trimester ultrasound (US) examination, leading to underestimation of their age and, potentially, greater impacts of perinatal complications in post-term girls than in post-term boys. Read More

Kardiochir Torakochirurgia Pol 2015 Mar 31;12(1):83-6. Epub 2015 Mar 31.

Department of Diagnostic Imaging, SPSK1, Zabrze, Poland.

The aim of the study was to analyze major radiological signs on chest X-ray images of neonates with respiratory disorders. The analyzed group consisted of 84 neonates; 56 were born prematurely. In total, 386 X-ray photographs of the neonates were taken; of these, 301 were chest radiographs. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016 30;29(11):1844-52. Epub 2015 Jul 30.

b Department of Electronics and Instrumentation , Kumaraguru College of Technology , Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu , India.

The classification of abnormalities in ultrasound images is the monitoring tool of fluid to air passage in the lung. In this study, the adaptive median filtering technique is employed for the preprocessing step. The preprocessed image is then extracted the features by the convoluted local tetra pattern, histogram of oriented gradient, Haralick feature extraction and the complete local binary pattern. Read More

Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2015 Apr 3;36(2):138-45. Epub 2015 Feb 3.

Department of Radiology, Arkansas Children׳s Hospital, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.

Respiratory distress is a common symptom in the newborn. Surfactant deficiency in the preterm infant and meconium aspiration and transient tachypnea in the term newborn are among the most common causes of respiratory distress, but primary airway abnormalities can also present with respiratory distress in the newborn. Delay in diagnosis of airway abnormality can be life threatening. Read More

N Engl J Med 2015 Apr;372(16):1550-62

Pediatr Clin North Am 2015 Apr;62(2):453-69

LSU Health, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA.

Respiratory disorders are the most frequent cause of admission to the special care nursery both in term and preterm infants. Pediatricians and primary care providers may encounter newborn infants with respiratory distress in their office, emergency room, delivery room, or during physical assessment in the newborn nursery. The authors have proposed a practical approach to diagnose and manage such infants with suggestions for consulting a neonatologist at a regional center. Read More

Pediatr Int 2015 Aug 25;57(4):734-8. Epub 2015 Mar 25.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.

Neonatal transient eosinophilic colitis (NTEC) is a new disease concept within eosinophilic gastroenteritis, which was proposed by Ohtsuka et al. It causes hematochezia as a result of eosinophilia, in neonates who have not yet started to receive enteral nutrition, although the whole-body status of the infant is in fact relatively good. To date, there have been no reports of this disease in which abnormalities were noted during gestation, and the clinical phenomena surrounding it, along with any complications, are not yet clear. Read More

Paediatr Respir Rev 2015 Jun 10;16(3):157-61. Epub 2015 Feb 10.

Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, MRC Centre for Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, King's College London. Electronic address:

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of new born (PPHN) is associated with mortality and morbidity; it may be idiopathic or secondary to a number of conditions. The mainstay of diagnosis and to exclude structural abnormalities is echocardiography. Brain type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels are elevated in PPHN, but are insufficiently sensitive to contribute to routine diagnosis. Read More

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015 Apr 10;45(4):494-6. Epub 2015 Mar 10.

Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Kagawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, Japan.

Tunis Med 2014 Apr;92(4):285-6

Early Hum Dev 2014 Sep;90 Suppl 2:S41-3

Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University Hospital "A. Gemelli", Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Rome Italy; Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, FAME Department, South Paris University Hospitals, "A. Beclère" Medical Center Paris France.

Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is a rare and life-threatening neonatal lung injury induced by meconium in the lung and airways. Lung ultrasound (LUS) is a quick, easy and cheap imaging technique that is increasingly being used in critical care settings, also for newborns. In this paper we describe ultrasound findings in MAS. Read More

Arch Cardiol Mex 2014 Apr-Jun;84(2):121-7. Epub 2014 May 3.

Área de Investigación en Pediatría, Unidad Neonatal, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Floridablanca, Colombia.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is considered a rescue therapy and complex vital support with benefits in cardiorespiratory diseases during neonatal period that fulfil the characteristics of being reversible in neonates older than 34 weeks. The criteria for patient selection and its prompt use are critical for the final result. Even though new alternatives for management of hypoxemic respiratory failure in full term and almost full term neonates have decreased its use, congenital diaphragmatic hernia continues being a complex disease where it can have some applicability. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol 2014 Feb;34(2):138-40

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy.

Spontaneous neonatal pneumomediastinum (PNM) is associated with the aspiration of blood or meconium and birth-related trauma and it seems to be more frequent in post-term newborns. It is generally asymptomatic, but it is occasionally accompanied by mild tachypnoea. Only rarely, it requires oxygen therapy or develops into pneumothorax. Read More

J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2013 Jan;6(4):355-7

Department of Neonatology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.

Aspiration of uncontaminated amniotic fluid as a cause of neonatal respiratory distress is scarcely documented. A term neonate who presented with early onset respiratory distress with a radiographic appearance of an aspiration syndrome is therefore reported. Differential diagnosis and implication of this diagnosis in the management of neonatal respiratory distress are discussed. Read More

Early Hum Dev 2013 Jun;89 Suppl 1:S17-9

Department of Neonatology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy.

Background: Lung ultrasound (LUS) has become more and more popular in the first decade of the 21(st) century, both in neonatal and in pediatric age groups. Several papers addressed the usefulness of this procedure mainly because of its possibility to be utilised at the bedside, without risk of irradiation along with simple and immediate interpretations of the images.

Aims: The purpose of this paper is to update the knowledge on LUS related to the most common neonatal respiratory diseases and some pediatric acute lung diseases. Read More

Brain Dev 2013 Oct 21;35(9):881-4. Epub 2012 Dec 21.

Ege University Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Izmir, Turkey.

Intracerebellar hemorrhage is very rare in term infants and only severe cases with massive intracranial hemorrhage, posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and clinical deterioration due to increased intracranial pressure require neurosurgical evacuation. In recent adult studies endoscopic hematoma evacuation has been shown as a rapid, effective, and safe technique. A term newborn hospitalized for meconium aspiration syndrome showed hypertonia, jitteriness and abnormal amplitude integrated electroencephalogram findings. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2012 Oct 17;25(10):1953-9. Epub 2012 Apr 17.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.

Objective: To determine the composite risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity in pregnancies with suspected fetal macrosomia.

Methods: In a retrospective study of laboring women delivering singleton, term neonates, we defined 3 groups of patients by estimated fetal weight (EFW) in grams, using ultrasound: (1) <4000, (2) 4000-4499, and (3) 4500+, and tested them for association with a composite outcome using multivariable logistic regression models. The measure of composite morbidity included: shoulder dystocia, third/fourth degree perineal laceration, postpartum hemorrhage, maternal length of stay (LOS) ≥ 5 days, neonatal birth trauma, meconium aspiration syndrome, perinatal infection, and neonatal LOS ≥ 5 days. Read More

Pediatr Cardiol 2011 Oct 28;32(7):972-6. Epub 2011 Jun 28.

Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.

Premature closure or restriction of foramen ovale (FO) is a rare but known entity. FO diameter <2 mm and Doppler velocity >120 cm/s, diameter <3 mm with Doppler velocity measured gradient >5 mmHg have all being used by various authors to describe this entity. Some neonates with restrictive FO have been noted to have severe pulmonary hypertension with no clinical signs or symptoms and with spontaneous resolution without any intervention. Read More

Isr Med Assoc J 2011 Jan;13(1):29-33

Child Neurology and Development Unit, Dana Children's Hospital, Israel.

Background: Major advances in the treatment of perinatal asphyxial-hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (PA-HIE) followed the translation of hypothermia animal studies into successful randomized controlled clinical trials that substantially influenced the current standard of care.

Objectives: To present our preliminary experience with the first cases of clinical application of therapeutic hypothermia for PA-HIE in what we believe is the first report on nonexperimental hypothermia for PA-HIE from Israel.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records, imaging scans, electroencephalograms and outcome data of the six identified asphyxiated newborns who were managed with hypothermia in our services in 2008-2009. Read More

Adv Neonatal Care 2010 Dec;10(6):307-10

Department of Paediatrics, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan.

We report a case of emergent massive meconium peritonitis due to intrauterine volvulus without malrotation. Fetal ascites was detected on a regular ultrasonographic examination, and fetal distress was found on cardiotocographic monitoring. The mother had noticed a slight decrease in fetal movements over the preceding 24 hours. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2010 Dec 14;26(12):1825-9. Epub 2010 Aug 14.

Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Afr J Paediatr Surg 2010 Jan-Apr;7(1):36-7

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Regional Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey.

Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a rare congenital abnormality characterised by overinflation of a pulmonary lobe. Its aetiology is unknown. The management of CLE has traditionally been surgical. Read More

Pediatr Radiol 2009 Jan 8;39(1):73-6. Epub 2008 Oct 8.

Department of Radiology, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL, USA.

Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn (SCFN) is an uncommon, benign disorder found in full-term or post-mature neonates. It usually presents in neonates who have experienced perinatal difficulty such as asphyxia, peripheral hypoxemia, hypothermia, meconium aspiration or trauma. We present a newborn with abnormal findings on MRI and US within the axilla, neck, and abdominal walls that were pathologically proved via biopsy to be subcutaneous fat necrosis. Read More

Pediatr Cardiol 2006 May-Jun;27(3):360-3

Division of Cardiology, Carman Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, 3901 Beaubien, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.

We describe a neonate with ductal-dependent congenital heart disease on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for persistent pulmonary hypertension, who required markedly high doses of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) to maintain patency of the ductus arteriosus: The effects of ECMO on the pharmacokinetics of PGE1 are discussed. Read More

Cardiol Young 2006 Apr;16(2):184-6

Department of Paediatric Cardiology, University Medical Centre, Heidelberg, Germany.

Anomalous drainage of the right superior caval vein into the morphologically left atrium as an isolated cardiac malformation is a rare anomaly. Most patients present with cyanosis. Thus far, about 20 cases have been reported in the literature. Read More

Am J Perinatol 2005 Aug;22(6):341-4

Department of Neonatology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.

A complication during the course of meconium aspiration syndrome associated with persistent pulmonary hypertension in a newborn results in hypotension, bradycardia, and desaturation. The dilemmas and critical actions during the resuscitation are presented. Read More

Early Hum Dev 2005 Aug;81(8):683-8

Department of Radiology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Radiology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.

The length of the ossified part of the long bones of the upper (humerus) and lower limb (femur) as well as the axial length (that is, height) of the vertebral body of L1 were measured on a plain supine radiograph in 347 newborn babies (228 males, 119 females) with the gestational age (GA) from 26 to 41 weeks. All were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Reasons for admission included hyaline membrane disease, meconium aspiration syndrome, neonatal asphyxia or transient tachypnea of the newborn. Read More

Pediatr Res 2004 Dec 6;56(6):901-6. Epub 2004 Oct 6.

Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland.

Neonatal meconium aspiration frequently produces severe respiratory distress, which is associated with patchy pulmonary neutrophil influx and inflammatory injury. To examine the effects of pentoxifylline (PTX), a potent anti-inflammatory agent, on regional pulmonary inflammation and ventilation after meconium aspiration, we studied 17 anesthetized and ventilated neonatal piglets (age <2 d) for 12 h. After unilateral intrapulmonary instillation of meconium, PTX treatment was started in nine animals, and eight untreated animals served as controls. Read More

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2004 Oct;24(5):534-7

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between Doppler parameters in the umbilical and fetal middle cerebral arteries and pregnancy outcome in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: A prospective study was performed on 169 singleton GDM pregnancies in a university teaching hospital from January to December 2002. Umbilical artery (UA) pulsatility index (PI) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) PI and peak systolic velocity (Vmax) were measured every 4 weeks until delivery from the time of diagnosis of GDM. Read More

Pediatrics 2004 Jul;114(1):269-72

Division of Neonatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.

We describe 3 cases of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in near-term infants, born from mothers with severe intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Common pictures of the cases were: good indices of lung maturity in the amniotic fluid; severe RDS requiring mechanical ventilation; high serum bile acid (BA) levels in the early days of life; no meconium aspiration; negative cultures; and absence of indirect laboratory signs of infection. After the first case, we hypothesized that abnormally high BA levels could have reversed the action of phospholipase A2 in the lungs, causing a degradation of phosphatidylcholines to lysophosphatidylcholines and the consequent lack of surfactant activity, leading to the severe respiratory distress. Read More

Neurology 2004 Jun;62(11):2088-91

Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, CA 94143-0663, USA.

In a prospective cohort of 124 encephalopathic term infants, six infants had an acute focal stroke. All six encephalopathic patients with strokes presented with seizures. Neurodevelopmental outcome at 30 months was abnormal in all six patients and significantly worse when compared with the entire cohort overall. Read More

Yonsei Med J 2004 Feb;45(1):49-55

Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-dong, Kangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Korea.

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn infant (PPHN), is a clinical syndrome characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular resistance, resulting from reactive vasoconstriction or structural remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature. Although inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) has emerged as a novel selective treatment of PPHN, responses to iNO are variable according to the etiologies or the clinical situation. A retrospective chart review of 51 newborn infants with PPHN and treated with iNO, was undertaken to evaluate the factors affecting response to iNO. Read More

J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris) 2003 Oct;32(6):575-81

Clinique Gynécologique et Obstétricale, Pavillon Mère-Enfant, Hôpital Charles-Nicolle, 76031 Rouen Cedex.

Meconium peritonitis is an inflammatory peritonitis induced by meconium extruding into the peritoneal cavity through a perforation of the fetal intestine. Antenatal diagnosis is possible. Prognosis depends on the pathology having caused perforation. Read More

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2003 Sep;82(9):828-33

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Malmö University Hospital, University of Lund, Malmö, Sweden.

Background: The best mode of delivery in cases of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) with umbilical artery blood flow changes is not well elucidated.

Objective: To evaluate outcome in IUGR with umbilical artery blood flow changes planned for vaginal delivery after a negative oxytocin challenge test (OCT).

Methods: In 84 term singleton pregnancies with suspected IUGR and no unanimous indication for abdominal delivery, Doppler velocimetry and OCT were performed. Read More

Pediatr Surg Int 2003 May 10;19(3):172-5. Epub 2003 Apr 10.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871 Osaka, Japan.

Pulmonary hypoplasia is involved in patients with various surgical diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of measurement of the chest/trunk-length ratio (C/T) for predicting pulmonary hypoplasia in patients with congenital anomalies, with the exception of mass-like lesions in the thorax such as diaphragmatic hernia and cystic lung diseases. For measurement of C/T on fetal ultrasound, the sagittal section of the body trunk, including the spine, was analyzed. Read More

Akush Ginekol (Sofiia) 1999 ;38(1):26-30

The persistent pulmonary hypertension syndrome is a heavy and very often a lethal complication in the neonatal period. It is more common in full-term infants with perinatal asphyxia, meconium aspiration or inborn infection. We discuss two clinical cases of newborns, delivered by Caesarian section in the 38th week of gestation without history of prenatal asphyxia or inborn infection. Read More