Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2017 Jul 12. Epub 2017 Jul 12.

Department of Endocrinology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.

Context: McCune Albright Syndrome (MAS) is associated with numerous health problems. Comprehensive long term health problems of adults with MAS are less well defined in the literature.

Objective: Our objective is to report comprehensive health outcomes of adults with MAS (> 18 years). Read More

Case Rep Endocrinol 2017 6;2017:7898713. Epub 2017 Jun 6.

Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is a rare disease defined by the triad of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia of bone, café-au-lait skin spots, and precocious puberty. No available treatment is effective in changing the course of fibrous dysplasia of bone, but symptomatic patients require therapeutic support to reduce bone pain and prevent fractures and deformities. We report the case of a 27-year-old woman with MAS and severe fibrous dysplasia. Read More

Skeletal Radiol 2017 Jun 28. Epub 2017 Jun 28.

Dental Physical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK.

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are currently used in the treatment of diverse bone diseases including fibrous dysplasia of bone (FD). In pediatric patients, a radiographic consequence of cyclical administration of BPs is the development of apo-, epi-, and meta-physeal sclerotic bands, otherwise known as zebra lines, which result from the temporary inhibition of osteoclastic activity at the time of drug treatment. We report here on a child with McCune-Albright syndrome (FD in addition to hyperfunctioning endocrinopathies and skin hyperpigmentation) treated with cyclical intravenous infusions of pamidronate in which conventional radiography, contact microradiography, histology, and backscattered electron image analysis demonstrated that zebra lines formed only where bone was normal, were arrested at the boundary between FD-unaffected and FD-affected bone where bone is sclerotic, and were absent within the undermineralized FD bone. Read More

J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 2017 May-Jun;22(3):233-236

Infantile Cushing syndrome is an infrequent yet potentially fatal manifestation of McCune-Albright syndrome, for which there are few safe treatments available. Ketoconazole is limited by potential hepatotoxicity in this population. Metyrapone may be an effective treatment, but it may not be tolerated when given orally. Read More

Br J Haematol 2017 Jul 14;178(2):179. Epub 2017 Jun 14.

Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.

Sci Rep 2017 Jun 6;7(1):2836. Epub 2017 Jun 6.

Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein/α-subunit (GNAS) mutations are involved in fibrous dysplasia (FD) pathogenesis. Here, we analyzed GNAS mutations in FD which were performed by pyrosequencing DNA isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue. The mutation detection rate was determined in FD specimens with and without decalcification. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2017 16;2017. Epub 2017 May 16.

Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, Putrajaya Hospital, PutrajayaMalaysia.

Pachydermoperiostosis is a very rare osteoarthrodermopathic disorder whose clinical and radiographic presentations may mimic those of acromegaly. In the evaluation of patients with acromegaloid appearances, pachydermoperiostosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis. In this article, we report a 17-year-old boy who presented with 2-year history of acral enlargement and facial appearance changes associated with joint pain and excessive sweating. Read More

Indian J Nucl Med 2017 Apr-Jun;32(2):137-139

Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, Comprehensive Cancer Care Center, Kovai Medical Center and Hospital Limited, Coimbatore, India.

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) of the bone is characterized by the medullary cavity of bones becoming filled with fibrous tissue, and its etiology remains unknown. It is usually asymptomatic and found incidentally on imaging studies that are performed for other purposes. FD may closely mimic the appearance of bony metastatic disease on radiological examinations. Read More

Horm Res Paediatr 2017 May 19. Epub 2017 May 19.

Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.

Background: Bilateral adrenalectomy is performed in cases with infantile-onset Cushing syndrome due to bilateral adrenal hyperplasia in McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) because severe Cushing syndrome with heart failure and liver dysfunction can have a lethal outcome. This procedure can completely ameliorate hypercortisolism, although lifetime steroid replacement therapy and steps to prevent adrenal crisis are necessary. Recently, the efficacy of unilateral adrenalectomy has been reported in adult cases of bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia, but there is no consensus regarding the appropriate surgical treatment for bilateral adrenal hyperplasia in MAS. Read More

Orphanet J Rare Dis 2017 Apr 27;12(1):80. Epub 2017 Apr 27.

Department of Medicine: Division Endocrinology, Center for Bone Quality Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Postzone J11, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Background: Fibrous dysplasia is a rare bone disorder, commonly associated with pain, deformity and fractures, which may significantly impact on quality of life. In this study we evaluate quality of life in patients with fibrous dysplasia using the Short Form-36 and the Brief Pain Inventory questionnaires. Data were compared with those of the general Dutch population. Read More

J Child Orthop 2017 ;11(1):64-70

Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, The Royal Children's Hospital, Victoria, Australia.

Aims: The severe form of coxa vara, the 'shepherd's crook deformity', is always a consequence of a locally extensive form of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia (or McCune-Albright syndrome). Treatment of this deformity is a challenge. The soft bone does not tolerate any implant that depends on the stability of the cortical bone (like plates or external fixators). Read More

Open Med (Wars) 2016 16;11(1):465-470. Epub 2016 Nov 16.

Chair of Dental Surgery, Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Surgery, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland.

McCune Albright syndrome (MCA) is a rare complication of genetic origin. The authors present a case study of a patient with MCA diagnosed with multifocal fibrous dysplasia in his limb and craniofacial bones. The symptoms of the disease in the patient's facial and oral tissue and the treatment administered have been described. Read More

Horm Res Paediatr 2017 23;87(5):342-349. Epub 2017 Mar 23.

Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital-AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.

Background/aim: The McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is a potentially severe disorder hallmarked by fibrous bone dysplasia, café-au-lait skin spots, and endocrine hyperfunction. It is caused by postzygotic activating mutations at the R201 codon of the GNAS gene, leading to a state of somatic mosaicism. Our aim was to improve the mutation detection rate and to quantify the presence of R201 GNAS mutations in different DNA samples from MAS patients. Read More

Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2017 Mar 14. Epub 2017 Mar 14.

Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, Inserm U1071, INRA USC2018, M2iSH, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France. Electronic address:

Objectives: Fibrous dysplasia of bone is a rare sporadic benign congenital condition in which normal cancellous bone is replaced by fibro-osseous tissue with immature osteogenesis. Sarcomatous transformation is exceptional. Lesions may involve one bone (monostotic) or several (polyostotic). Read More

J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2017 May;30(5):587-592

Department of General Surgery, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul.

Background: The objective of this study is to bring attention to the importance of differential diagnosis in adolescent patients with skeletal involvement and hypercalcemia.

Case: A 17-year-old male patient with a complaint of severe leg pain was admitted to our hospital. Seven months before he had a fracture of his distal humerus after falling on to his left shoulder and was treated conservatively. Read More

Arch Osteoporos 2017 Dec 27;12(1):21. Epub 2017 Feb 27.

NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK.

To develop consensus on improving the management of patients, we convened an international workshop involving patients, clinicians, and researchers. Key findings included the diagnostic delay and variability in subsequent management with agreement to develop an international natural history study. We now invite other stakeholders to join the partnership. Read More

Indian J Nucl Med 2017 Jan-Mar;32(1):25-29

Department of Nuclear Medicine, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

The McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is a triad of café-au-lait skin pigmentation, precocious puberty (PP), and polyostotic fibrous dysplasia of bone (FD). In general, FD seems to be the most common component of MAS but very rarely precocious puberty can be found in association with café-au-lait skin pigmentation in the absence of FD (about 1% of the cases). Therefore, a more clinically relevant definition of MAS is fibrous dysplasia of bone (FD) and at least one of the typical hyperfunctioning endocrinopathy and/or café-au-lait spots, with almost any combination possible. Read More

Orthopade 2017 Feb 21. Epub 2017 Feb 21.

Zentrum für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Deutschland.

We report on a 47-year-old woman with unilateral fibrous dysplasia and three intramuscular masses. Medical imaging revealed possible intramuscular myxomas, so that the suspected diagnosis was Mazabraud syndrome. After biopsy, the suspected diagnosis was verified by histology and molecular pathology. Read More

Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017 Feb;52(2):122-124

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710054, China.

J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2017 Aug 16;30(4):495-498. Epub 2017 Feb 16.

Children's National Medical Center, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC.

Study Objective: Mucinous cystadenomas (MCAs) are benign epithelial ovarian tumors that occur rarely in children and adolescents. Because children and adolescents typically have their childbearing years ahead of them, conservative therapy is indicated. However, there is concern that ovarian cystectomy might be associated with significant recurrence risk in patients with MCA. Read More

Virchows Arch 2017 Apr 10;470(4):391-400. Epub 2017 Feb 10.

Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

McCune-Albright Syndrome (MAS) is a rare sporadic syndrome caused by post-zygotic mutations in the GNAS oncogene, leading to constitutional mosaicism for these alterations. Somatic activating GNAS mutations also commonly occur in several gastrointestinal and pancreatic neoplasms, but the spectrum of abnormalities in these organs in patients with MAS has yet to be systematically described. We report comprehensive characterization of the upper gastrointestinal tract in seven patients with MAS and identify several different types of polyps, including gastric heterotopia/metaplasia (7/7), gastric hyperplastic polyps (5/7), fundic gland polyps (2/7), and a hamartomatous polyp (1/7). Read More

Case Rep Dent 2016 22;2016:6439026. Epub 2016 Dec 22.

Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, AJ Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a condition characterized by excessive proliferation of bone forming mesenchymal cells which can affect one bone (monostotic type) or multiple bones (polyostotic type). It is predominantly noticed in adolescents and young adults. Fibrous dysplasia affecting the jaws is an uncommon condition. Read More

Rev Bras Ortop 2016 Nov-Dec;51(6):730-734. Epub 2016 Oct 26.

Hospital Sarah Brasília, Cirurgia Plástica e Cirurgia de Mão, Brasília, DF, Brazil.

Fibrous dysplasia is a bone disease characterized by abnormal differentiation of fibrous tissue in the bones; it is often asymptomatic. It may affect one bone (monostotic) or several bones (polyostotic). The monostotic form primarily affects the ribs, but hardly ever affects the hand. Read More

Eur J Endocrinol 2017 Mar 22;176(3):295-303. Epub 2016 Dec 22.

Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health and Family Planning CommissionDepartment of Endocrinology

Objective: McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is a sporadic, postzygotic disease presenting with fibrous dysplasia, cafe-au-lait spots and multiple endocrinopathies. Growth hormone (GH) excess is an uncommon but potentially severe complication of MAS. This study aims to describe the clinical manifestations of GH excess in the context of MAS and analyze the responses of these patients to treatments. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2016 Nov;27(8):e719-e723

*Neurosurgery Department†Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.

Introduction: Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a non-neoplastic developmental fibro-osseous disease. It represents 2.5% of all bone tumors and 5% to 7% of the benign bone tumors. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2017 Jan;28(1):21-25

Cranio-maxillo-facial Surgery Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.

Background: The purposes of this study were to analyze the prevalence of various craniofacial bones involved in patients with craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (CFD) and to demonstrate the most common form and bone involvement in patients with CFD for surgeons.

Methods: To address the research purpose, the authors designed and performed a systematic review with meta-analysis. A comprehensive electronic search without date was performed in August 2013. Read More

Ceska Gynekol Fall 2016;81(5):377-383

Objective: To summarize literature data on peripheral precocious puberty.

Design: A literature review.

Setting: Středomoravská nemocniční a. Read More

Orphanet J Rare Dis 2016 Nov 28;11(1):160. Epub 2016 Nov 28.

Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Background: Health-related quality of life of adults with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), fibrous dysplasia (FD) and X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) remains poorly described. The aim of this study was to describe the HRQoL of adults with osteogenesis imperfecta, fibrous dysplasia and X-linked hypophophataemia and perform a cost-utility simulation to calculate the maximum cost that a health care system would be willing to pay for a hypothetical treatment of a rare bone disease.

Results: Participants completed the EQ-5D-5 L questionnaire between September 2014 and March 2016. Read More

Clujul Med 2016 20;89(4):559-564. Epub 2016 Oct 20.

Department of Radiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

McCune-Albright syndrome is a rare sporadic disease characterized by bone fibrous dysplasia, café-au-lait skin spots and a variable association of hyperfunctional endocrine disorders. Fibrous dysplasia (FD), which can involve the craniofacial, axial, and appendicular skeleton, may range from an isolated, asymptomatic monostotic lesion to a severe disabling polyostotic disease involving the entire skeleton. A twenty-five-year old male patient presented to our clinic with recently developed heart palpitations. Read More

Skeletal Radiol 2017 Feb 8;46(2):233-236. Epub 2016 Nov 8.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aghia Sofia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.

Multiple non-ossifying fibromas (MNOFs) occur either isolated or in association with other anomalies, are usually localized in the long bones of the lower limbs, may be radiographically confused with other skeletal lesions, and tend to heal spontaneously with the completion of the skeletal growth. Segmental distribution, either monomelic or polymelic and ipsilateral, is rare and commonly observed in the context of developmental diseases known as "RASopathies", which are caused by mutations in genes that encode components or regulators within the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. We describe here the radiographic and pathologic features of an 18-year-old Caucasian boy, whose clinical history started at the age of 3 when the diagnosis of aneurysmal bone cyst was made on a lytic lesion of his left clavicle. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol India 2016 Oct 26;66(Suppl 2):672-674. Epub 2016 Mar 26.

Department of Paediatrics, V.M.M.C. and Safdarjang Hospital, South Delhi, Delhi 110029 India.

Int J Pediatr Endocrinol 2016 28;2016:20. Epub 2016 Oct 28.

Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina ; Departamento de Biología Celular, Histología, Embriología y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

In pediatric patients, basal testosterone and gonadotropin levels may be uninformative in the assessment of testicular function. Measurement of serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has become increasingly widespread since it provides information about the activity of the male gonad without the need for dynamic tests, and also reflects the action of FSH and androgens within the testis. AMH is secreted in high amounts by Sertoli cells from fetal life until the onset of puberty. Read More

J Pediatr 2016 Nov 31;178:298. Epub 2016 Aug 31.

Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Ishikawa, Japan.

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016 Nov 21;74(11):2229.e1-2229.e4. Epub 2016 Jun 21.

Department Chair, Division Chief, and Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals/Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH. Electronic address:

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign fibro-osseous lesion that typically behaves as a painless, slowly expanding tumor. On rare occasion, FD will undergo malignant transformation. When sarcomatous change occurs, osteosarcoma is the typical variant, followed by chondrosarcoma and fibrosarcoma. Read More

Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2016 Sep 30;21(3):136-142. Epub 2016 Sep 30.

Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the etiology, clinical features, and outcomes of patients with gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty (GIPP).

Methods: The study included 16 patients (14 female and 2 male patients) who manifested secondary sexual characteristics, elevated sex hormones, or adrenal androgens with prepubertal luteinizing hormone levels after gonadotropin releasing hormone stimulation diagnosed between May 1994 and December 2015. Patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia were excluded. Read More

Hum Pathol 2017 Apr 19;62:170-174. Epub 2016 Oct 19.

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.

Malignant transformation of fibrous dysplasia (FD) is exceedingly rare, occurring in less than 1% of all FD cases, and has been described in both monostotic and polyostotic forms of this entity. We report a case of a large proximal femur mass arising in a 45-year-old man. The biopsy revealed a high-grade pleomorphic malignancy that focally expressed multiple keratins. Read More

Med Clin (Barc) 2016 Dec 17;147(12):547-553. Epub 2016 Oct 17.

Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Clínic, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.

Fibrous dysplasia is a skeletal disorder that is associated with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, including localized asymptomatic forms and extensive severe forms with severe bone deformities and endocrinological alterations, depending on age, location, extent and associated processes. Although the treatment of choice is based on bisphosphonates, the therapeutic efficacy of these agents in the control of disease activity remains uncertain. This article reviews the current data available on the treatment of this disease as well as the preliminary data on new therapeutic approaches. Read More

Growth Horm IGF Res 2016 Oct - Dec;30-31:52-57. Epub 2016 Oct 12.

Department of Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium. Electronic address:

Growth hormone (GH) secreting pituitary tumors may be caused by genetic abnormalities in a variety of genes including AIP, MEN1, CDKN1B, and PRKAR1A. These can lead to GH secreting pituitary adenomas as an isolated occurrence (e.g. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2016 Oct;22(20):5030-5042

Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.

Recently, a number of novel genetic alterations have been identified that predispose individuals to pituitary adenomas. Clinically relevant pituitary adenomas are relatively common, present in 0.1% of the general population. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2016 Dec;41(12):982-985

From the *Nuclear Medicine and PET Department, Nepean Hospital, Penrith; and †Nepean Medical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

A 33-year-old woman with McCune-Albright syndrome was referred for a Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT study for evaluation and staging of a biopsy-proven pancreatic tail neuroendocrine tumor. The scan demonstrated intense focal octreopeptide uptake corresponding to the known neuroendocrine tumor at the pancreatic tail/splenic hilum. There was no evidence of octreopeptide-avid metastases. Read More

Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2016 ;160(0):D304

LUMC, Centrum voor Botkwaliteit, Leiden.

Fibrous dysplasia is a rare genetic bone disorder with a wide variation in clinical expression, ranging from asymptomatic patients to severely affected patients with extensive bone disease, pain, repetitive fractures and deformities and serious endocrinological symptoms (McCune-Albright syndrome). Here, we report on three different cases of fibrous dysplasia. First, a 46-year-old woman with a small solitary lesion in the proximal femur. Read More

Growth Horm IGF Res 2016 Oct - Dec;30-31:37-41. Epub 2016 Aug 10.

Section on Endocrinology & Genetics (SEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Electronic address:

Gigantism and acromegaly are rare disorders that are caused by excessive GH secretion and/or high levels of its mediator, IGF-1. Gigantism occurs when excess GH or IGF-1 lead to increased linear growth, before the end of puberty and epiphyseal closure. The majority of cases arise from a benign GH-secreting pituitary adenoma, with an incidence of pituitary gigantism and acromegaly of approximately 8 and 11 per million person-years, respectively. Read More

J Bone Miner Res 2017 Feb 8;32(2):264-276. Epub 2016 Nov 8.

Center for Bone Quality, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.

McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is a rare bone disorder characterized by fibrous dysplasia (FD), endocrinopathies, and café-au-lait patches. FD patients have been shown to respond favorably to treatment with bisphosphonates, but data are scarce in the more severe polyostotic form (PFD), including MAS, and factors determining treatment outcome are not known, particularly in the long-term. We evaluated the biochemical (bone turnover markers [BTMs]) and clinical (pain reduction) outcome of bisphosphonate therapy in 11 patients with MAS and 30 patients with PFD: median duration of treatment 6 years (range, 2 to 25 years). Read More

Adv Exp Med Biol 2016;908:347-69

Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 401 N Broadway Weinberg 2242, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.

Gastric polyps occur in 1-4 % of patients undergoing gastroscopy. Although most are sporadic, some gastric polyps are part of an underlying hereditary syndrome. Gastric polyps can be seen in each of the well-known gastrointestinal polyposis syndromes, but also in Lynch syndrome and in several rare not primarily gastrointestinal syndromes. Read More

Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2016 Sep;17(3):259-267

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, First Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

The human skin is a well-organized organ bearing different types of cells in a well-structured interference to each other including epidermal and follicular keratinocytes, sebocytes, melanocytes, dermal papilla cells and fibroblasts, endothelial cells, sweat gland cells as well as nerves. Several hormones act on different cell types of the skin, while it is also considered an endocrine organ secreting hormones that act at several sites of the organism. GH receptors are found in almost all cell types forming the skin, while IGF-1 receptors' expression is restricted to the epidermal keratinocytes. Read More

Eur J Endocrinol 2016 11 25;175(5):477-483. Epub 2016 Aug 25.

Section on Skeletal Disorders and Mineral HomestasisCraniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Objective: McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is a rare disorder with a broad spectrum including precocious puberty (PP) due to recurrent estrogen-secreting ovarian cysts. This study evaluates the long-term safety and efficacy of letrozole treatment in large cohort of girls with MAS-associated PP.

Design: Retrospective cohort analysis. Read More

Endocr Relat Cancer 2016 Sep 18;23(9):739-46. Epub 2016 Jul 18.

National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

Carney complex (CNC) is a multiple neoplasia syndrome that is caused mostly by PRKAR1A mutations. Cardiac myxomas are the leading cause of mortality in CNC patients who, in addition, often develop growth hormone (GH) excess. We studied patients with CNC, who were observed for over a period of 20 years (1995-2015) for the development of both GH excess and cardiac myxomas. Read More

Przegl Lek 2016 ;73(4):250-61

Thyrotoxicosis is a pathological syndrome in which tissue is exposed to excessive amounts of circulating thyroid hormones. Including its subclinical form, it is considered as one of the most frequent endocrine disorders in the general population. If not detected in a timely fashion, thyrotoxicosis can have serious health consequences. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2016 Oct;27(7):1792-1794

*Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Chinese PLA 309 Hospital †Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.

Background: Contouring is a minimal invasive procedure to remove excess lesions and restore facial appearance of patients with craniofacial fibrous dysplasia; however, it is difficult to measure the amount of excess lesions. This study is to demonstrate the use of reduction template produced by three-dimensional printer in contouring procedure.

Methods: Computed tomography data were reconstructed into a three-dimensional model by Mimics software. Read More