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Am J Otolaryngol 2022 Jun 6;43(5):103520. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Baylor College of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, United States of America; Texas Children's Hospital, United States of America; Section of Infectious Diseases, United States of America. Electronic address:

Background: To evaluate the epidemiology, management and outcome of acute mastoiditis (AM) in children and to improve strategies for antimicrobial stewardship.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of children aged >6 months to ≤18 years of age admitted to a tertiary care hospital with AM over an 8-year period (2011-2019). Electronic medical records were reviewed to collect data. Read More

Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2022 Jun 11. Epub 2022 Jun 11.

Service d'otorhinolaryngologie et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, HEGP, université Paris Cité, AP-HP, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France. Electronic address:

Objectives: Review of the scientific literature dedicated to clinical data and diagnosis modalities for aural tuberculosis published since the start of the 21st century.

Material And Methods: Search of the Medline, Cochrane and Embase databases for the period 2000-2020. Selection of articles in English, French and Spanish devoted to clinical cases and series documenting clinical data and diagnosis for aural tuberculosis of articles by two authors. Read More

Am J Med 2022 Jun 6. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Departments of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Electronic address:

ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2022 Jun 7:1-7. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Clinic of Ear, Nose, Throat and Eye Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic condition which could present as local infiltration of skull base structures. We report a case of IgG4-RD with infiltration of the temporal bone and surrounding structures in a patient with systemic vasculitis on systemic steroids. A 31-year-old woman presented with right-sided facial weakness, headache, and right ear hearing loss. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 30;14(4):e24629. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Microbiology, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy (BJ) Government Medical College & Sassoon General Hospitals, Pune, IND.

Background The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 infection was seen to be more infectious but less severe in children than adults with reduced hospitalization rates. There is a paucity of data on hospitalized children with confirmed Omicron variant. Objective We describe demographic, epidemiologic, clinical, radiological, laboratory features and outcomes of children with confirmed Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to a tertiary care teaching hospital in Pune, India. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 25;14(4):e24480. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

Hospital Medicine, University of Florida Health, Jacksonville, USA.

Ventriculitis is a rare intracranial disease with potentially life-threatening consequences. Here, we present a case of acute mastoiditis that progressed to meningitis evolving to ventriculitis. This case was complicated by hydrocephalus that subsequently required the placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Read More

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022 May 19. Epub 2022 May 19.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Cureus 2022 Apr 3;14(4):e23787. Epub 2022 Apr 3.

Otorhinolaryngology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.

Immunoglobulin G4 related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic autoimmune disease process that classically presents with multi-organ involvement; however isolated involvement of various structures within the body has also been described. Histopathologic examination is considered the gold standard for diagnosis. Glucocorticoids are well established as first-line treatment, but relapses are common, and consultation with rheumatology, immunology, and/or oncology teams is almost always warranted for proper medical management and disease maintenance. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Jul 27;158:111163. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.

Introduction: Septic arthritis of the Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a rare complication of acute middle ear infection. Presentation is elusive and could be easily missed. Often diagnosis is made only with consequential development of TMJ ankylosis. Read More

S Afr J Surg 2022 Mar;60(1):62-66

Division of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa and Division of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) otitis media is an uncommon site of extrapulmonary TB and can primarily present as a complicated TB mastoiditis (TBM). This complication is rare in children, even in TB endemic areas but necessitates early identification as delays can lead to severe morbidities. We describe the clinical characteristics as a case series to raise awareness of the condition, and highlight fundamentals related to diagnosis and management. Read More

Tomography 2022 04 1;8(2):920-932. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Section of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy.

Bezold's abscess is a deep neck abscess related to otomastoiditis. Due to the insidious clinical presentation, diagnosis can be extremely challenging, leading to delays in treatment and possible life-threatening complications. The literature currently provides a fragmented picture, presenting only single or small number of cases. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2022 Apr 13;15(4). Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

We describe the case of a patient with the rare complication of a chronic postaural fistula following repeated and extensive surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy to the head and neck for a pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland. This case demonstrates the importance and value of thorough preoperative planning for major head and neck reconstruction, particularly if the area for reconstruction has distorted anatomy due to prior treatment or damage. In complex free flap reconstruction, it is important to investigate the recipient site with the help of arteriography and give due consideration to the donor site and its postoperative management. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2022 05 29;156:111124. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Otorhinolaryngology Department, Niño Jesus University Children's Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Cureus 2022 Feb 15;14(2):e22262. Epub 2022 Feb 15.

Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, GRC.

Sigmoid sinus thrombosis is a relatively rare, but severe complication of acute otitis media and mastoiditis among other conditions. We report a case of a 3-year-old boy with a history of recurrent acute otitis media which was initially partially treated with antibiotics for 1 month before his admission to our department for high fever and headache. Although initially, no signs of central nervous system (CNS) involvement were present, clinical suspicion for CNS pathology led our whole work-up to conclude the diagnosis of sigmoid sinus thrombosis. Read More

Clin Otolaryngol 2022 Jul 30;47(4):529-535. Epub 2022 Mar 30.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

J Neurol 2022 Jul 22;269(7):3389-3399. Epub 2022 Mar 22.

Department of Neurology, LVR-Klinik Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

Background And Objectives: In 2020, a wide range of hygiene measures was implemented to mitigate infections caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In consequence, pulmonary infections due to other respiratory pathogens also decreased. Here, we evaluated the number of bacterial and viral meningitis and encephalitis cases during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2022 Mar 10;10(3):e05516. Epub 2022 Mar 10.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland.

We describe the use of calcium sulfate beads as antibiotic carrier in a patient, who suffered from chronic mastoiditis with consecutive otogenic meningitis due to Burkholderia cenocepacia. Our findings suggest a possible role of calcium sulfate matrix as a local antibiotic carrier in the mastoid in complicated mastoiditis cases. Read More

West J Emerg Med 2022 Feb 9;23(2):238-245. Epub 2022 Feb 9.

The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Hershey, Pennsylvania.

Objective: Temporal bone computed tomography (CT) requires a relatively high radiation dose to produce high-resolution images required to define surgical anatomy. In the acute setting, the need for this detailed evaluation of temporal bone pathology may not be required for nonsurgical management and clinical decision-making. We performed a retrospective review of the clinical characteristics and subsequent management of children who underwent CT of the temporal bone with the goal of optimizing clinical decision-making and mitigating the risks of radiation exposure in children. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2022 May 4;156:111093. Epub 2022 Mar 4.

University College Dublin School of Medicine, Ireland; Department of Neurosurgery, Beaumont Hospital, Ireland.

Objective: Intracranial complications of sinusitis and acute otitis media (AOM) are rare but life-threatening events. In children with suppurative intracranial complications, concurrent neurosurgical and otolaryngological (ORL) intervention has been recommended to optimize outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate outcomes following concurrent neurosurgical and ORL intervention. Read More

Intractable Rare Dis Res 2022 Feb;11(1):37-39

Operative Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, "Dimiccoli" General Hospital, Barletta, Italy.

Lemierre's syndrome (LS) is a "forgotten" condition characterized by septic thrombophlebitis of the jugular vein that follows an otolaryngological infection. Fusobacterium necrophorum is the aetiological agent responsible for the syndrome in adolescents and young adults whereas in older people even common bacteria are involved. Complications arise from spreading of septic emboli distally, to the brain, lungs, bones and internal organs everywhere in the body. Read More

Cureus 2022 Jan 30;14(1):e21732. Epub 2022 Jan 30.

Radiodiagnosis, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, IND.

In this report, we present the case of a rare tumor in the sphenoclival region and discuss the potential pitfalls in its diagnosis and management. Intraosseous lipoma is a rare benign tumor, mostly accounting for 0.1% of all bone tumors. Read More

Cureus 2022 Jan 23;14(1):e21533. Epub 2022 Jan 23.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, SAU.

Bezold's abscess (BA) is a severe and rare extracranial complication of suppurative acute mastoiditis. The diagnosis of BA requires a high index of suspicion due to its rarity. In this study, we present a rare case of BA, in addition to a review of literature over 20 years. Read More

Pediatr Infect Dis J 2022 04;41(4):297-301

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boston University, Boston, MA.

Background: The objective of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of treatment options for the most frequently reported complications of acute mastoiditis in the English literature. PubMed, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library were searched from database inception through March 29, 2019.

Methods: Two independent reviewers (M. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 02 15;12(1):2537. Epub 2022 Feb 15.

Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.

Archaeological research in the Dolmen of El Pendón (Reinoso, Burgos, Spain) has brought to light the complex biography of a megalithic monument used throughout the 4th millennium cal. BC. The ossuary of this burial holds the bones of nearly a hundred individuals who suffered from diverse pathologies and injuries. Read More

Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2021 12 8;165. Epub 2021 Dec 8.

Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht, Utrecht, afd. KNO.

A 4-year-old boy was diagnosed with intracranial abscess following adequately treated otorrhea and mastoiditis. This is an uncommon finding. He underwent mastoidectomy with drainage of the abscess. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2022 Feb 7;15(2). Epub 2022 Feb 7.

Neurosurgery, Beneficência Portuguesa de Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Intracranial abscess is a life-threatening disease that is uncommon in paediatric populations. Although there have been few reports in the literature, some aetiologies, such as mastoiditis and sinusitis, have been proposed. The pathophysiology is not completely known, and there are no data regarding the long-term follow-up of these patients. Read More

Arch Iran Med 2022 01 1;25(1):71-75. Epub 2022 Jan 1.

Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.

The Spanish flu spread from September 23, 1918 to 1920. This disease was one of the historical catastrophes in Iran, and a large number of people in Tehran were infected. Evidence also shows that 5000-10000 out of the 250000 infected people died in Tehran over three years. Read More

Auris Nasus Larynx 2022 Oct 21;49(5):875-879. Epub 2022 Jan 21.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan.

Objective: Hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) is a rare disorder that causes localized or diffuse inflammatory fibrosis and thickening of the dura mater. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV)-related HP is the most frequent form of HP. Otitis media with AAV (OMAAV) patients with HP are associated with higher rates of both ANCA-negative phenotypes and disease-related mortality. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021 7;11:749911. Epub 2022 Jan 7.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samson Assuta Ashdod University Hospital, Ben Gurion University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ashdod, Israel.

The global coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the prevalence and management of many pediatric infectious diseases, including acute otitis media (AOM). Coronaviruses are a group of RNA viruses that cause respiratory tract infections in humans. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, coronavirus serotypes OC43, 229E, HKU1, and NL63 were infrequently detected in middle ear fluid (MEF) specimens and nasopharyngeal aspirates in children with AOM during the 1990s and 2000s and were associated with a mild course of the disease. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2022 Mar-Apr;43(2):103369. Epub 2022 Jan 11.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States of America. Electronic address:

Purpose: The pandemic related to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has led to a decrease in communicable diseases due to social distancing and mask-wearing. How have the prevalence of otitis media (OM) and its associated procedures changed during the pandemic?

Study Design: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using the Pediatric Health Information System® (PHIS) database, which consists of 48 children's hospitals. Read More