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Am Surg 2019 Mar;85(3):e179-e181

Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne 2019 Jan 30;14(1):133-136. Epub 2018 May 30.

Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese PLA 153 Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.

There are no previous reports of Mallory-Weiss tears occurring as complications during esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). We present 3 cases of Mallory-Weiss tears occurring during treatment of superficial squamous cell neoplasms through ESD. Carbon dioxide was used for air insufflation, and the patient was adequately sedated without retching or struggling during the operation. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2019 02;64(2):349-352

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 1 University of New Mexico, MSC10-5550, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(49):e13191

Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, University of Genova, Genova.

Rationale: Spontaneous esophageal rupture (Boerhaave syndrome) is a rare, though frequently fatal, event. It is generally caused by a sudden increase in pressure inside the esophagus. In some cases, full-thickness perforations of the esophagus may develop from previous lesions that initially involve only the esophageal mucosa (Mallory-Weiss syndrome) and which, following further triggering events, give rise to a transmural lesion. Read More

ACG Case Rep J 2018 26;5:e66. Epub 2018 Sep 26.

Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western Michigan University, MD Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI.

Spontaneous intramural esophageal rupture (SIER) is a form of acute esophageal trauma defined as an injury deeper than a Mallory-Weiss tear but not extending completely through the muscular propria as in Boerhaave syndrome. SIER is a rare complication of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE); after extensive literature review, we found 7 case reports of SIER complicating EoE. We present a case of SIER complicating EoE in a 46-year-old man with an atypical presentation requiring endoscopic clipping to achieve successful hemostasis. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2018 12 21;63(12):3253-3261. Epub 2018 Aug 21.

Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.

Background And Aims: Compared with ulcer bleeding (UB) in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB), non-ulcer bleeding (NUB) is often considered to have a low risk of poor outcomes and is treated less intensively without any risk stratification. We conducted this study to assess the predictability of scoring systems for NUB and compare the outcomes of NUB and UB.

Methods: A total of 1831 UGIB patients were registered in the database during the period from February 2011 to December 2013. Read More

Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2018 Jul 17;28(3):291-306. Epub 2018 Apr 17.

Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive #0956, La Jolla, CA 92093-0956, USA.

Nonvariceal, nonulcer upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGIH) is a less common cause for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. However, nonvariceal, nonulcer UGIH is an important entity to identify and treat appropriately to prevent bleeding-related morbidity and mortality. Over the past 40 years, there has been a revolution in gastrointestinal endoscopy and a similar revolution in the management of UGIH. Read More

J Vasc Nurs 2018 06;36(2):91-93

Franciscan Health - Michigan City, Michigan City, Indiana. Electronic address:

Dis Mon 2018 Jul 7;64(7):333-343. Epub 2018 Mar 7.

Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 7400 Jones Drive, Apt 724, Galveston, TX 77551.

Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding continues to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The most common causes include peptic ulcer disease, Mallory-Weiss syndrome, erosive gastritis, duodenitis, esophagitis, malignancy, angiodysplasias and Dieulafoy's lesion. Initial assessment and early aggressive resuscitation significantly improves outcomes. Read More

J Gastrointest Surg 2018 03 19;22(3):553-556. Epub 2018 Jan 19.

Division of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Health System Singapore, National University of Singapore, 1E, Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 8, Singapore, Singapore.

Introduction: Endoscopic therapy remains the cornerstone of hemostasis for gastrointestinal bleeding. In situations where hemostasis cannot be achieved via endoscopic or radiological methods, surgery is necessary. Traditional open surgery for bleeding gastric ulcers can be very morbid and unsuitable especially in hemodynamically unstable patients in extremis. Read More

Am J Health Syst Pharm 2018 Feb 17;75(4):177-182. Epub 2018 Jan 17.

Memorial Regional Hospital, Hollywood, FL.

Purpose: A case report describing use of idarucizumab for dabigatran reversal without the use of hemostatic agents in a patient who developed acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding while receiving triple antithrombotic therapy is presented.

Summary: A 77-year-old man with a complex cardiac history presented to the emergency room with chief complaints of black tarry stools and low blood pressures for 4 days. His past medical history included recent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and drug-eluting stent (DES) placement, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, stage 3 chronic kidney disease, and cholecystectomy. Read More

J Anesth 2018 Apr 13;32(2):305. Epub 2018 Jan 13.

Department of Anesthesiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.

Am J Emerg Med 2018 Apr 12;36(4):665-668. Epub 2017 Dec 12.

Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ankara, Turkey.

Introduction: Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common problem in pediatric emergency department (PED). Some of these patients can lose significant amount of blood which may lead to shock. The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors predicting clinically significant gastrointestinal (GIS) bleeding in patients presenting to PED. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2018 05 27;63(5):1286-1293. Epub 2017 Dec 27.

Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Suite 803, MSC 623, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.

Background: Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGIH) is common and carries substantial mortality requiring frequent hospitalizations.

Aim: To investigate trends in etiology and outcome of UGIH in hospitalized patients in the USA.

Methods: Retrospective, observational cohort study of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 2002 to 2012 was carried out. Read More

Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2017 Dec 9;20(4):248-257. Epub 2017 Oct 9.

Department of Radiology, Division of Interventional Radiology and Image Guided Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.

Hematemesis and acute postsurgical upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage are common emergent on-call consultations for the interventional radiologist. Upper GI bleleding (UGIB) is a relatively frequent problem. The incidence and mortality vary among patient populations, but studies have shown an overall incidence ranging from 36-172 cases per 100,000 adults per year, with a mortality rate of 5%-14%. Read More

Children (Basel) 2017 Nov 3;4(11). Epub 2017 Nov 3.

Department of Paediatric Surgery, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Derby Road, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.

The aim of this study was to review the aetiology, presentation and management of these patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) at a tertiary children's unit in the United Kingdom. This was a retrospective single-institution study on children (<16 years) who presented with acute UGIB over a period of 5 years using known International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. A total of 32 children (17 males, 15 females) were identified with a total median age at presentation of 5. Read More

Gut Liver 2017 Nov;11(6):813-820

Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea.

Background/aims: Various clinical scoring systems, including the Glasgow-Blatchford score (GBS), Rockall risk score (RS), and AIMS65 score (AIMS65), have been validated to predict the clinical outcomes in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). We compared the performance of these three scoring systems in predicting clinical outcomes in patients with UGIB in Korea.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 286 patients with UGIB who visited emergency department. Read More

J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect 2017 Jan 31;7(1):37-39. Epub 2017 Mar 31.

Department of Gastroenterology, Providence - Providence Park Hospital, Southfield, MI, USA.

We present an unusual case of a 44-year-old male who developed violent hiccups soon after a ureteroscopy for nephrolithiasis; later, the forceful hiccups were followed by hematemesis. Upper esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed Mallory-Weiss tears and esophageal erosions in the lower esophagus. Esophageal biopsy was unremarkable. Read More

N Z Med J 2017 Jun 2;130(1456):80-82. Epub 2017 Jun 2.

General Surgery, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch.

An 85-year-old female presented to hospital with haemoptysis. She underwent investigations which confirmed oesophageal submucosal haematoma. Oesophageal haematoma along with Mallory-Weiss and Boerhaave's syndromes make up acute mucosal injury of the oesophagus. Read More

Gastroenterol Res Pract 2017 27;2017:5454791. Epub 2017 Feb 27.

Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

In some cases of iatrogenic Mallory-Weiss tears (MWTs), hemostasis is needed due to severe mucosal tearing with bleeding. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the risk factors for severe iatrogenic MWTs and the methods of endoscopic bleeding control. Between January 2008 and December 2012, 426,085 cases of screening upper endoscopy were performed at the Asan Medical Center. Read More

Insights Imaging 2017 Jun 17;8(3):365-376. Epub 2017 Mar 17.

Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 648, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.

Non-malignant oesophageal diseases are critical to recognize, but can be easily overlooked or misdiagnosed radiologically. In this paper, we cover the salient clinical features and imaging findings of non-malignant pathology of the oesophagus. We organize the many non-malignant diseases of the oesophagus into two major categories: luminal disorders and wall disorders. Read More

Arab J Gastroenterol 2017 Mar 3;18(1):35-38. Epub 2017 Mar 3.

Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Antalya, Turkey.

Background And Study Aims: Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a common medical emergency. Endoscopic treatments often lead to better therapeutic outcomes than conventional conservative treatments. This study aimed to investigate and compare the use of heater probe coagulation (HPC) and argon plasma coagulation (APC) together with epinephrine injection for the treatment of Mallory-Weiss tears and high-risk ulcer bleeding. Read More

Gastroenterology 2017 05 4;152(6):1310-1318.e1. Epub 2017 Feb 4.

Department of Biomathematics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.

Background & Aims: For 4 decades, stigmata of recent hemorrhage in patients with nonvariceal lesions have been used for risk stratification and endoscopic hemostasis. The arterial blood flow that underlies the stigmata rarely is monitored, but can be used to determine risk for rebleeding. We performed a randomized controlled trial to determine whether Doppler endoscopic probe monitoring of blood flow improves risk stratification and outcomes in patients with severe nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Read More

Internist (Berl) 2017 Mar;58(3):226-232

Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Endokrinologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland.

Bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a frequent and complex emergency. There are guidelines for acute medical treatment, established endoscopic treatment as well as surgical and radiological rescue procedures. Nevertheless, the mortality of the upper GI tract bleeding is high, which is due to the fact that affected patients often have serious preexisting illnesses. Read More

Scand J Gastroenterol 2017 Apr 22;52(4):462-464. Epub 2016 Dec 22.

d Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA.

Background/objective: Hiatal hernia is considered to be a predisposing factor to develop Mallory-Weiss Syndrome (MWS). No large case-control studies verifying this hypothesis have been conducted.

Methods: We reviewed all esophagogastroduodenoscopies with findings of MWS (n = 2342) in a national database and compared with age and gender-matched controls (n = 9368). Read More

N Z Med J 2016 Dec 2;129(1446):38-43. Epub 2016 Dec 2.

Gastroenterologist & Interventional Endoscopist, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland.

Aims: A case series to review early experiences with HemosprayTM for a variety of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) at Middlemore Hospital.

Methods: HemosprayTM was administered therapeutically as first line or rescue at the discretion of the endoscopist. All cases of UGIB requiring HemosprayTM at Middlemore Hospital were identified to the investigator who undertook analysis of electronic and hard copy notes. Read More

J Dig Dis 2016 Oct;17(10):676-684

Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Asan Digestive Disease Research Institute, Seoul, Korea.

Objectives: There is limited data on whether scoring systems can be used to predict clinical outcomes in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to Mallory-Weiss syndrome (MWS). We aimed to evaluate whether the Glasgow-Blatchford score (GBS) could be effective in predicting clinical outcomes of bleeding MWS and to investigate the predictive ability of the Forrest classification for rebleeding and assess the effective endoscopic modalities for bleeding control in MWS.

Methods: From January 2004 to December 2012 168 patients were diagnosed with MWS in the Asan Medical Center Emergency Department. Read More

Surg Endosc 2017 02 28;31(2):837-842. Epub 2016 Jun 28.

Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, China.

Background: The key step of the endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) procedure is the successful closure of any gastric wall defect which ultimately avoids surgical intervention. This report presents a new method of closing large gastric defects left after EFTR, using metallic clips and novel endoloops by means of single-channel endoscope.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 68 patients who were treated for gastric fundus gastrointestinal stromal tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer at four institutes between April 2014 and February 2015 and consequently underwent EFTR. Read More

Pol Przegl Chir 2016 Mar;88(2):77-86

Unlabelled: Every gastrointestinal bleeding is an immediate threat to life, requiring close supervision in a hospital setting and making it mandatory to perform verification and endoscopic intervention. In some cases of a dynamic course, in order to make up deficiencies, it is necessary to use blood and blood products. One of the causes of bleeding located proximally to the ligament of Treitz is damage to the mucous membrane and deeper layers of the gastroesophageal junction, called Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Read More

Minerva Pediatr 2016 Jun;68(3):189-95

Department of Pediatrics, St. Mary Children's Emergency Hospital, Jassy, Romania -

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the common etiologies, clinical and biological patterns of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) in children from a hospital center in Northeast Romania.

Methods: This seven-year retrospective study was performed from 2007 to 2013 in St. Mary Children's Emergency Hospital, Jassy, Romania and included all children who referred to our center with UGIB exteriorized by hematemesis or melena. Read More

EPMA J 2016 20;7. Epub 2016 Mar 20.

Faculty of Dentistry, The Department of Faculty Dentistry, Voronezh N.N. Burdenko State Medical University, Avenue of Revolution Str. 14, Voronezh, Russia ; Streleckaja Bol'shaja, 20 B, 69, Voronezh, 394035 Russia.

The article contains an overview of the literature on Mallory-Weiss syndrome. It analyzes numerous etiological factors, provides new insights into the pathogenesis of the disease, gives a description of a previously unknown dependence of discontinuous-hemorrhagic syndrome on the topographic and structural features of the cardioesophageal area of the digestive tract, and gives scientific credence to methods of prediction, prevention, and treatment of the syndrome with complex involvement of granular sorbents. Read More

Hepatogastroenterology 2015 Jun;62(140):907-12

Background/aims: To determine risk factors associated with mortality and increased drug costs in patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Methodology: We retrospectively analyzed data from patients hospitalized with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding between January 2001-December 2011. Demographic and clinical characteristics and drug costs were documented. Read More

Case Rep Obstet Gynecol 2015 31;2015:762463. Epub 2015 Dec 31.

Division of Perinatology, Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, Maternal and Perinatal Care Center, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, 2-12-12 Sumiyoshi, Hamamatsu 430-8558, Japan.

We describe a rare case of Mallory-Weiss tear with massive hematemesis at 38 weeks' gestation. A 35-year-old woman presented with epigastralgia followed by massive hematemesis. An emergency endoscopy indicated active pulsatile bleeding at the esophagocardial junction. Read More

Endoscopy 2016 1;48 Suppl 1 UCTN:E42-3. Epub 2016 Feb 1.

Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia, Espinho, Portugal.

J Surg Case Rep 2016 Jan 11;2016(1). Epub 2016 Jan 11.

Department of Surgery, Epworth Richmond Hospital, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.

Mallory-Weiss tears (MWTs) rarely require surgical intervention. A 60-year-old female presented with massive hematemesis secondary to MWT and gastric ulceration. After failure of endoscopic management, an operative approach was embarked on, with a direct surgical hemostasis of the Mallory-Weiss tear and exclusion of the gastric ulcer. Read More

World J Gastroenterol 2016 Jan;22(1):446-66

Borko Nojkov, Mitchell S Cappell, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI 48073, United States.

Aim: To systematically review the data on distinctive aspects of peptic ulcer disease (PUD), Dieulafoy's lesion (DL), and Mallory-Weiss syndrome (MWS) in patients with advanced alcoholic liver disease (aALD), including alcoholic hepatitis or alcoholic cirrhosis.

Methods: Computerized literature search performed via PubMed using the following medical subject heading terms and keywords: "alcoholic liver disease", "alcoholic hepatitis"," alcoholic cirrhosis", "cirrhosis", "liver disease", "upper gastrointestinal bleeding", "non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding", "PUD", ''DL'', ''Mallory-Weiss tear", and "MWS''.

Results: While the majority of acute gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding with aALD is related to portal hypertension, about 30%-40% of acute GI bleeding in patients with aALD is unrelated to portal hypertension. Read More

Tokai J Exp Clin Med 2015 Dec 20;40(4):137-40. Epub 2015 Dec 20.

Department of Surgery, Tokai University Tokyo Hospital, 1-2-5 Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0053, Japan.

An 88-year-old woman, with a history of resection of stage IIA lung cancer in 1998, was referred to our hospital in August 2010 complaining of upper abdominal pain, vomiting, and dark brown stools. After endoscopic examination, she was admitted with a diagnosis of Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Vomiting occurred when food intake was resumed after fasting. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2016 Mar 5;61(3):825-34. Epub 2015 Nov 5.

Department of Internal Medicine, Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 153 Gyeongchun-ro, Guri, 471-701, Republic of Korea.

Background: Although propofol-based sedation can be used during emergency endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), there is a potential risk of sedation-related adverse events, especially in patients with variceal bleeding.

Aim: We compared adverse events related to propofol-based sedation during emergency endoscopy between patients with non-variceal and variceal bleeding.

Methods: Clinical records of patients who underwent emergency endoscopy for UGIB under sedation were reviewed. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2016 Mar 30;61(3):835-40. Epub 2015 Oct 30.

Department of Gastroenterology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, 1 Kanda-Izumi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8643, Japan.

Background: Although all types of endoscopic procedures harbor risk of aspiration, little is understood about risk factors for aspiration pneumonia developing after endoscopic hemostasis.

Aims: The present study aimed to identify risk factors for aspiration pneumonia after endoscopic hemostasis.

Methods: Charts from consecutive patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding that had been treated by endoscopic hemostasis at a single center between January 2004 and January 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Gastrointest Endosc 2016 Apr 14;83(4):809-11. Epub 2015 Oct 14.

Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.

Background And Aims: It is difficult to secure the visual field during endoscopy for GI bleeding or colonoscopy without preparation because the injected water is rapidly mixed with fresh blood or stool. We developed a novel method to secure the visual field in these situations.

Methods: Clear gel with the appropriate viscosity to prevent rapid mixing is injected through the accessory channel, instead of water. Read More

Prescrire Int 2015 Sep;24(163):212

J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2015 Apr-Jun;27(2):391-4

Background: Acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a common medical emergency. A common risk factor of upper GI bleeding is cirrhosis of liver, which can lead to variceal haemorrhage. 30-40% of cirrhotic patients who bleed may have non-variceal upper GI bleeding and it is frequently caused by peptic ulcers, portal gastropathy, Mallory-Weiss tear, and gastroduodenal erosions. Read More

Intern Med 2015 1;54(15):1865-8. Epub 2015 Aug 1.

Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Japan.

An 80-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer which extended from the antrum to the bulbus of the duodenum. Although the patient did not struggle or retch during endoscopy, multiple mucosal lacerations were observed in the proximal stomach by Mallory-Weiss tears. No evidence of perforation was identified at the sites. Read More

Am J Med 2015 Dec 29;128(12):e19-20. Epub 2015 Jul 29.

Department of Internal Medicine, The Queens Medical Center and University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu. Electronic address:

World J Gastroenterol 2015 Jul;21(26):8195-202

Jun Takada, Hiroshi Araki, Fumito Onogi, Takayuki Nakanishi, Masaya Kubota, Takashi Ibuka, Masahito Shimizu, Hisataka Moriwaki, Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 5011194, Japan.

Aim: To compare the safety and efficacy of carbon dioxide (CO2) and air insufflation during gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).

Methods: This study involved 116 patients who underwent gastric ESD between January and December 2009. After eliminating 29 patients who fit the exclusion criteria, 87 patients, without known pulmonary dysfunction, were randomized into the CO2 insufflation (n = 36) or air insufflation (n = 51) groups. Read More

ACG Case Rep J 2014 Jul 8;1(4):204-5. Epub 2014 Jul 8.

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX ; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX.

Mallory-Weiss tears are mucosal lacerations caused by forceful retching and are typically located at the gastroesophageal junction. Mallory-Weiss tears have not been described in the duodenum. We report of a Mallory-Weiss tear in the descending duodenum of a 57-year-old man who presented with hematemesis preceded by forceful retching. Read More

Endoscopy 2015 22;47 Suppl 1 UCTN:E247-8. Epub 2015 Jun 22.

Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.

Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2015 May;107(5):262-7

Objectives: To assess the ability of the Glasgow Blatchford Score (GBS) system to identify the need for urgent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB).

Methods: An observational, retrospective study was carried out in all patients attended at the ER for suspected UGIB in one year. Patients were split into two categories -high-risk (>2) and low-risk ( < or = 2)- by means of the GBS system. Read More

Sud Med Ekspert 2015 Jan-Feb;58(1):22-25

Kafedra nervnyh boleznej lechebnogo fakul'teta Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo mediko-stomatologicheskogo universiteta im. A.I. Evdokimova, Moskva, Rossija, 125289.

The objective of the present work was to study the pathological changes in various organs and tanatogenesis associated with Mallory-Weiss syndrome making use of the forensic medical and clinical materials. It was shown that the main cause of unrestrained vomiting resulting from alcoholic intoxication and leading to perfusive bleeding is not only the direct action of ethanol and surrogate alcohol on gastroesophageal mucosa and induced thrombocytopenia. Another cause may be brain oedema with subsequent cerebral herniation and irritation of the pseudobulbar centres responsible for the initiation of the vomiting reflex. Read More