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Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2018 Oct 12;46(5):289-295. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Objective: Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common malignant tumour of the canine urinary tract. Previously, the mutation of the BRAF gene V595E was identified in approximately 85 % of canine TCC cases by DNA sequencing of TCC tumour cells, both in frozen and paraffin-embedded tissue sections, as well as in urine. The objective of this study was to establish these methods in cytological smears and to investigate the prevalence of BRAF mutation V595E in canine TCC in our cohort of patients. Read More

Neuropediatrics 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare inherited neuromuscular disorder associated with mutations in the gene on the Xq28 region. We report a severely affected girl with XLMTM, caused by maternally inherited 661 kb Xq28 microduplication identified by chromosomal microarray analysis and confirmed also on DNA from muscle biopsy with a custom-designed X-chromosome-specific microarray. X-inactivation analysis revealed a skewed inactivation pattern on the proband's muscle biopsy. Read More

Jpn J Clin Oncol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Breast Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.

The eighth editions of the primary tumor, lymph node and metastasis classifications for breast cancer issued by the American Joint Commission of Cancer and the Union for International Cancer Control were revised in 2017. The major change made by the American Joint Commission of Cancer is to incorporate biological factors such as estrogen and progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, histological grade and multigene prognostic assays, into the staging system. Tumor biomarkers and low recurrence scores confirmed by multigene prognostic assays change the staging. Read More

Cell Rep 2018 Dec;25(11):3006-3020.e7

Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Urology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. Electronic address:

There is a considerable need to identify those individuals with prostate cancer who have indolent disease. We propose that genes that control adult stem cell homeostasis in organs with slow turnover, such as the prostate, control cancer fate. One such gene, KLF4, overexpressed in murine prostate stem cells, regulates their homeostasis, blocks malignant transformation, and controls the self-renewal of tumor-initiating cells. Read More

Magy Onkol 2018 Dec 25;62(4):222-229. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

II. Sz. Gyermekgyógyászati Klinika, Semmelweis Egyetem, Budapest, Hungary.

Malignant tumors found in children are different from the ones that occur in adults. Compared to the malignancies in adults, the histological entities in pediatric patients are different and survival rates are higher among the children. Though pediatric soft tissue sarcomas are less common than leukemia and central nervous system malignancies, recognition of them is necessary to start the therapy as soon as possible. Read More

Rev Gastroenterol Peru 2018 Jul-Sep;38(3):289-292

Armed Forces Hospital. Brasília-DF, Brazil.

This case study describes a 71-year-old man with signet-ring cell gastric adenocarcinoma and malignant sigmoidal polyp; and typical features of Saint's triad and Heyde syndrome. He had digestive bleeding, two types of hernia, diverticulosis, arterial hypertension, malignant polyp, and antecedent of smoking, lung tuberculosis, and surgical correction of aortic valve stenosis. There is a hypothetical inverse relationship between herniosis and development of malignancy; however, the patient herein described presented gastric and sigmoidal cancers. Read More

Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2018 Dec 10;73(suppl 1):e756s. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Unidade de Suprarrenal, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular LIM/42, Servico de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR.

Malignancy must be considered in the management of adrenal lesions, including those incidentally identified on imaging studies. Adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs) are rare tumors with an estimated annual incidence of 0.7-2 cases per year and a worldwide prevalence of 4-12 cases per million/year. Read More

Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2018 Dec 10;73(suppl 1):e548s. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo ICESP, Centro de Investigacao Translacional em Oncologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR.

Objectives: Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between the generation and elimination of oxidant species. This condition may result in DNA, RNA and protein damage, leading to the accumulation of genetic alterations that can favor malignant transformation. Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus types is associated with inflammatory responses and reactive oxygen species production. Read More

Arq Gastroenterol 2018 Jul-Sep;55(3):230-236

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Natal, RN, Brasil.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is one of the main cancer-related causes of death in developed countries, and one of the most lethal malignant neoplasms. This type of cancer is classified as the ninth most frequent in the world.

Objective: Analyze temporal trends for pancreatic cancer in Brazil in the period 2000-2014 and calculate mortality projections for the period 2015-2029. Read More

Indian J Public Health 2018 Oct-Dec;62(4):282-286

Postgraduate Student, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Background: Smokeless tobacco use in the Indian subcontinent is a part of many religious and cultural rituals and has gained a degree of social acceptance. The deleterious effects of smokeless tobacco are not as well-known as those produced by smoking.

Objectives: The study was carried out to assess the influence of tobacco chewing on the oral health of adult patients attending the dental outpatients department of Khordha district headquarter, Odisha. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Dec;14(Supplement):S1241-S1243

Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kemerburgaz University, Medical Park Bursa Hospital, Bursa, Turkey.

Paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare nongerm cell intrascrotal malignant tumor in children and young adult/teens resulting from the mesenchymal tissues of the tunica vaginalis, epididymis, spermatic cord, and testis. RMS accounts for approximately 7% of all genitourinary tract RMSs and 12% of all pediatric scrotal neoplasms. Patients usually present with a painless unilateral scrotal mass. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Dec;14(Supplement):S1230-S1232

Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with gastric metastasis is seldom reported. It is extremely easy to misdiagnose for primary gastric cancer with liver metastasis, especially gastric hepatoid adenocarcinoma. Here, we report a case of recurrent HCC with gastric metastasis in a 22-year-old man. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Dec;14(Supplement):S1217-S1219

Department of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, China.

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare spindle cell soft tissue tumor which is rarely encountered in the clinical setting and imaging findings are nonspecific, mainly occurring in the tissue structure of the serosa. However, there is very little report on SFT originating in the kidney in the medical literature. We report a case of SFT with liver metastasis in an adult female and discuss the pathological features as it appears in our case. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Dec;14(Supplement):S1209-S1212

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.

Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex-cord tumor (UTROSCT) are a rare, multi-phenotype sex-cord tumors, containing a structure which is characteristic with the trabecular, cord, nests, and false adenoid arrangement. In addition, CD99-positive was a basis for diagnosis of the disease. With uncertain malignant potential and relapse, these patients should be closely followed up. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Dec;14(Supplement):S1170-S1172

Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu, P.R. China.

Aim Of Study: Breast cancer invasion and metastasis is the main reason for the failure, and laminin is involved in it. This study intends to explore the expression of laminin in breast cancer and normal breast tissue and its clinical significance.

Materials And Methods: We use immunohistochemical assay for the detection of breast infiltrating ductal cancer tissues and normal breast tissues of laminin expression and discuss their role in breast cancer invasion and metastasis. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Dec;14(Supplement):S964-S968

Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China, Dongguan.

Context: The metastasis of liver cancer is a major cause of clinical treatment failure, restrain, and control the cancer metastasis is the major strategy of the treatment and prevention of the disease. Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (SATB1) gene was overexpressed in many malignant tumors and considered as a potential target of anticancer drug. This study investigated the mechanism how ganodermanontriol effect the expression of SATB1 and thus inhibits the growth and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Read More

Radiother Oncol 2018 Dec 29;129(3):589-594. Epub 2018 Jun 29.

Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States. Electronic address:

Background And Purpose: Radiation therapy is the gold standard treatment for inoperable malignant tumors. However, due to the heterogeneity of the tumor, some regions are more radio resistant and can lead to metastasis and tumor recurrence. In this study, we propose combining traditional X-ray treatment with UVC-emitting LuPO:Pr nanoparticles (NPs) to increase the tumor control as well as to reduce tumor recurrence and metastasis. Read More

Actas Dermosifiliogr 2018 Dec 4;109(10):868-877. Epub 2018 Jul 4.

Servicio de Dermatología, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, España.

Sarcomas comprise a broad group of tumors, many of whose biological behavior and aggressiveness differ from one type to another. The therapeutic approach is generally multidisciplinary and often complex. Developments in surgical and oncological dermatology during the last few decades have positioned dermatologists as specialists in the diagnosis and treatment of skin cancer. Read More

Biol Trace Elem Res 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht St., Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, 5166614756, Iran.

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are semi-conserved subtypes of long-terminal repeats containing retrotransposons that constitute approximately 8% of the genome. Under pathological conditions, the expression of HERVs is also affected by epigenetic modifications. The extent to which the activation of human endogenous retroviruses can be influenced upon exposure to copper remains to be evaluated. Read More

J Neurooncol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant tumor originating in the brain parenchyma. The invasive and infiltrative properties of glioblastoma result in poor clinical prognosis to conventional therapies. Emerging reports on microRNAs as important regulators during the process of EMT provide new insights into treating glioblastoma through new targets. Read More

Support Care Cancer 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Str. 8, 55131, Mainz, Germany.

Purpose: Fatigue has found increasing attention as a debilitating and lasting condition of cancer patients. However, it has remained unclear to what degree long-term survivors of malignant melanoma suffer from fatigue. Therefore, this study aimed to determine fatigue and its link with quality of life, aftercare behavior, and mental and physical symptoms among melanoma survivors. Read More

World J Urol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Purpose: To analyze the trifecta outcome (functional, anatomical, and surgical aspects) of surgical reconstruction for ureteral lesions and investigate the factors affecting the success rate of such reconstruction.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients who underwent ureteral reconstruction at our institute between March 2007 and November 2016. Patient profiles, surgical methods, complications, ureteral stenting, laboratory data, and image studies were collected. Read More

J Mol Med (Berl) 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.

No tyrosine kinase inhibitors are approved for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Preclinical studies identified focal adhesion kinase (FAK) as a target in MPM. Accordingly, we assessed the novel, highly selective FAK inhibitor (BI 853520) in 2D and 3D cultures and in vivo. Read More

Strahlenther Onkol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, OE 6780, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland.

BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2018 17;3(1):e000180. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Objective: To evaluate the ophthalmic phenotypes associated with T-cell immune regulator 1 (TCIRG1) mutations in Chinese patients with infantile malignant osteopetrosis (IMO).

Methods And Analysis: 27 Chinese TCIRG1-related osteoporosis infants were enrolled using direct DNA sequencing of PCR-amplified exons. 12 cases had frameshift mutation (the frameshift mutation group, group F), and 15 cases had point mutation (the point mutation group, group P). Read More

BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2018 23;3(1):e000174. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Dipartimento Neuromuscoloscheletrico e Organi di Sensi, Università degli Study di Firenze, Florence, Italy.

Objective: Intraocular lens (IOL) repositioning using a closed-eye approach could be carried out in some selected cases. Our study focuses on the efficacy and safety of a IOL closed-eye repositioning technique using scleral suture, which is performed using a trocar as an intrastromal limbal guide.

Methods And Analysis: Thirty-one eyes of 31 patients with late IOL dislocation operated on between January 2015 and May 2017 were included in this retrospective non-comparative consecutive case series study. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 14;2018:8914617. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China.

Background: Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a clinical index used to make early diagnosis and to monitor treatment effects in iron deficiency anemia. Recently, several studies have suggested that RDW was associated with mortality from various cancers; however, there has been little evidence regarding RDW and cancer as a whole. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate the relationship of RDW and overall cancer mortality in hospital. Read More

Case Rep Oncol Med 2018 13;2018:1301562. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat Disease, Bakırköy Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.

A 53-year-old man was admitted for tooth mobility. A mass was identified at the tooth base by CT. Histopathology of the excisional biopsy revealed a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Read More

Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018 Dec 3;52(6):468-472. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 82, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13620 South Korea.

Planar scintigraphy using Tc-99m pertechnetate is useful for snapshot evaluation of hot thyroid nodules, which are pathologically follicular adenoma and seldom, if ever, malignant. The autonomy of the hot nodules has been demonstrated by the presence of thyroid-stimulating hormone-dependent extra-nodular thyroid tissue besides the hot nodules. Here, we present two cases of hot thyroid nodules in patients who underwent quantitative single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT). Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2018 22;10:6167-6179. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541199, China,

Background And Purpose: The relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) and the prognostic and clinicopathological significance in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been reported by many studies. However, inconsistent results have been presented. The current study aimed to investigate the prognostic and clinicopathological role of NLR, PLR, and LMR in patients with ESCC by meta-analysis. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2018 22;10:6157-6166. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hexian Memorial Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,

Background: Establishment of cohesion 1 homolog 2 (ESCO2) plays important roles in the regulation of cohesion and genomic stability and has been implicated in human cancers. Yet, its clinical significance and biological function in colorectal cancer (CRC) are unknown.

Methods: The expression of ESCO2 was examined by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2018 21;10:6097-6108. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China,

Background: Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. Despite advances in lung cancer therapies, prognosis of non-small-cell lung cancer is still unfavorable. The aim of this study was to identify the prognostic value of key genes in lung tumorigenesis. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2018 21;10:6071-6078. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China,

Background: Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is an extremely rare and highly malignant carcinoma, and surgical radical resection is the most effective therapy. However, there were quite a proportion of patients receiving non-radical resections, and how to treat them remained controversial. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate whether postoperative radiotherapy could be a salvage treatment of SDC in major salivary glands without radical operations. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2018 20;10:5991-6001. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China,

Purpose: We previously found the involvement of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection in the pathogenesis of glioma. U94/rep, encoded by HHV-6, has been identified to play a vital role in viral gene expression and latency. Recent studies have shown its inhibition of angiogenesis and tumorigenesis in endothelial cells and prostate cancer cell line PC3, respectively. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2018 20;10:5979-5989. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China,

Purpose: High mobility group box 3 (HMGB3) is associated with hepatocytes malignant transformation by our previous work. We continued to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic values of HMGB3 for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Patients And Methods: Circulating HMGB3 levels were quantitatively detected in a cohort of 225 patients with chronic liver diseases by ELISA and compared with alpha-fetoprotein by the receiver operating characteristic curve. Read More

Onco Targets Ther 2018 22;11:8293-8299. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China,

Background: As one of the most invasive cutaneous carcinomas among all types of skin cancer, malignant melanoma remains a severe challenge in oncology and plastic surgery. Selective small-molecule inhibitors of V600E-mutant B-Raf (vemurafenib, for instance) have demonstrated satisfactory therapeutic efficacy in melanoma patients. However, acquired resistance during the period of drug administration has limited their clinical application. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2018 19;12:2363-2367. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan,

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the immunolocalization of VEGF-A and CD34, a marker of endothelial cells, in human conjunctival melanoma.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed primary conjunctival melanoma patients who underwent surgical resection of the tumor. All excised tissues were fixed with paraformaldehyde and embedded in paraffin, which were then submitted for immunohistochemistry with anti-VEGF and CD34 antibodies. Read More

Indian J Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 16;9(4):644-646. Epub 2018 May 16.

Department of Surgical Oncology, Bombay Hospital, Bombay Hospital Marg, Marine Drive, Mumbai, 400020 India.

Sarcomatoid carcinoma is an extremely rare aggressive tumor variant comprising about 0.3% of all primary tumors of the urinary bladder and carries an overall dismal prognosis. Diagnosis is important and is sometimes difficult. Read More

Indian J Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 22;9(4):636-639. Epub 2018 May 22.

2Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical Trust Hospital, M.G. Road, Kochi, Kerala 682016 India.

Synovial sarcomas are relatively common intermediate-to-high-grade malignant soft tissue tumors, often with an initial indolent course. And among the sarcomas primary intra-abdominal synovial sarcoma is a relatively rare entity that may present with an abdominal mass and diagnosis is usually confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The authors report a case of a 46-year-old man who presented with a large palpable abdominal mass. Read More

Indian J Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 16;9(4):629-632. Epub 2018 May 16.

1Surgical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Rohini, New Delhi, India.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) refers to spindle cell sarcomas arising from or separating in the direction of cells of peripheral nerve sheath. The MPNST of the parotid gland is an extremely rare tumor, accounts for < 5% of all soft tissue sarcomas, and carries a poor prognosis. In this article, we report a case of MPNST of parotid gland in a 45-year-old male and review its diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Read More

Indian J Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 18;9(4):624-628. Epub 2018 May 18.

1Department of Histopathology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajender Nagar, New Delhi, India.

Extragonadal germ cell tumors are most commonly encountered in the anterior mediastinum. The presence of sarcomatous malignancies in these tumors is a rare phenomenon that adversely impacts patient prognosis because of poor response to conventional cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Even more unusual is the presence of florid benign somatic proliferations that overshadow the germ cell component, often resulting in misdiagnosis and inappropriate management. Read More

Indian J Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 30;9(4):578-580. Epub 2018 Jul 30.

Department of Surgical Oncology, Bombay Hospital, Bombay hospital Marg, Marine Drive, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400020 India.

Extraskeletal osteosarcomas are extremely rare and account for < 1% of the soft tissue sarcomas. Most common site is in soft tissues of the lower extremities. Primary osteosarcomas of the breast are extremely rare and only a few cases have been reported in literature. Read More

Indian J Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 23;9(4):547-551. Epub 2018 Jul 23.

5Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003 Karnataka India.

Involvement of the bladder by colorectal cancer is sufficiently rare to be encountered by an individual surgeon on an infrequent basis. Extirpative procedures for advanced colorectal cancers can involve partial/total bladder resections. In patients without evidence of distant metastatic disease, a reasonable therapeutic effect can be expected when negative surgical margins are obtained. Read More

Indian J Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 23;9(4):519-523. Epub 2018 Jul 23.

2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Basavatarakam Indo American Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Hyderabad, India.

Patients with anorectal malignant melanoma (ARMM) have a poor prognosis. Optimal surgical treatment is not defined. The aim of the study was to define the surgical treatment for ARMM, to compare the overall survival (OS) of abdomino-perineal resection (APR) and wide local excision (WLE) and to study various prognostic factors. Read More

Indian J Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 18;9(4):483-487. Epub 2018 May 18.

Department of Radiology, GIPMER, New Delhi, India.

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm is a rare tumor of the pancreas. These tumors are considered to have low malignant potential with good prognosis. Due to its rarity, details about clinical presentation and management of the disease are not very clear. Read More

Am J Gastroenterol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milano, Italy.

Introduction: Surveillance programs on high-risk individuals (HRIs) can detect pre-malignant lesions or early pancreatic cancer (PC). We report the results of the first screening round of the Italian multicenter program supported by the Italian Association for the study of the Pancreas (AISP).

Methods: The multicenter surveillance program included asymptomatic HRIs with familial (FPC) or genetic frailty (GS: BRCA1/2, p16/CDKN2A, STK11/LKB1or PRSS1, mutated genes) predisposition to PC. Read More

Cell Death Differ 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Neural Stem Cell Biology Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.

Achaete-scute homolog 1 gene (ASCL1) is a gene classifier for the proneural (PN) transcriptional subgroup of glioblastoma (GBM) that has a relevant role in the neuronal-like differentiation of GBM cancer stem cells (CSCs) through the activation of a PN gene signature. Besides prototypical ASCL1 PN target genes, the molecular effectors mediating ASCL1 function in regulating GBM differentiation and, most relevantly, subgroup specification are currently unknown. Here we report that ASCL1 not only promotes the acquisition of a PN phenotype in CSCs by inducing a glial-to-neuronal lineage switch but also concomitantly represses mesenchymal (MES) features by directly downregulating the expression of N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1), which we propose as a novel gene classifier of MES GBMs. Read More

Cell Death Dis 2018 Dec 11;9(12):1190. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas Network(CGGA) and Asian Glioma Genome Atlas Network (AGGA), Beijing, China.

As aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is a novel stem cell marker, increasing studies have confirmed that high ALDH activity promotes tumorigenesis and progression in cancers. Some preliminary studies have found that ALDH1A3 may play an important role in glioma malignant progression, but so far there was no conclusive conclusion. The purpose of our study was to elucidate the mechanisms by which ALDH1A3 regulated in glioma and to provide practical tools for clinical application. Read More