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Int J Surg Case Rep 2018 Nov 22;54:47-50. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of General Surgery, King Abdulla University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box (3030), Irbid, 22110, Jordan. Electronic address:

Introduction: Sacrococcygealteratoma is very rare in adults with only few cases reported in literature. It is a slow growing benign cystic tumor with 1-2% chance for malignant transformation and may attain a huge size causing pressure effect on pelvic and intra-abdominal organs. When grows caudally, it causes discomfort, skin excoriation and cosmetic disfigurement. Read More

Eur J Med Chem 2018 Nov 28;163:215-242. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China. Electronic address:

Cancer cells have been confirmed diverge significantly from normal cells on the metabolic properties. Energy production in cancer cells is abnormally dependent on the glycolysis pathway and other atypical metabolic characteristics such as increased fatty acid synthesis and increased rates of glutamine metabolism. Among these metabolic features of cancers, glutamine metabolism has been reported to be the main energy supply for the growth and viability of a potentially large subset of malignant tumors. Read More

Breast 2018 Nov 26;43:85-90. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Surgical Oncology, Centre of Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Institute, Cracow Branch, ul. Garncarska 11, 31-115 Cracow, Poland.

Purpose: The primary treatment of choice for patients with phyllodes tumor of the breast (PTB) is surgery. Two major problems regarding the treatment of such patients remain unclear: what is the appropriate surgical margin and what role is played by adjuvant radiotherapy (ART).

Methods: The study provides a retrospective review of all patients with PTB treated between 1952 and 2013 at a single institute. Read More

Gene 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province 730000, China.

Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. Aberrant expression of HOXA5 results in various diseases, including cancers. However, the specific function and molecular mechanism of HOXA5 in osteosarcoma is not fully understood. Read More

Pharmacol Ther 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports, Cruzeiro do Sul University, Sao Paulo, Brazil,; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil;. Electronic address:

Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome that develops during malignant tumor growth. Changes in plasma levels of several hormones and inflammatory factors result in an intense catabolic state, decreased activity of anabolic pathways, anorexia, and marked weight loss, leading to cachexia development and/or accentuation. Inflammatory mediators appear to be related to the control of a highly regulated process of muscle protein degradation that accelerates the process of cachexia. Read More

Steroids 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China. Electronic address:

In this study, eighteen novel steroidal-furoxan derivatives with 3-glycosyl or 3-methoxy moiety (12a-c, 13a-c, 17a-c, 26a-c, 27a-c and 28a-c) were synthesized and their anti-proliferative activity was evaluated against eight drug-sensitive and three drug-resistant cancer cell lines HeLa, A2780, LNCaP, PC-3, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, SW480, A549, MCF-7/ADR, A2780/CDDP and A2780/T. Most of them displayed significant anti-cancer potency in vitro with IC values at the nanomole level. Among them, 3-methoxy steroidal-furoxan hybrids expressed much better activity than that of 3-glycosyl substitute ones, while estrane and 5α-H-androstane scaffold were slightly more favorable to the improvement of anti-proliferative activity. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013189. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston Campus, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Early accurate detection of all skin cancer types is essential to guide appropriate management and to improve morbidity and survival. Melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are high-risk skin cancers, which have the potential to metastasise and ultimately lead to death, whereas basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is usually localised, with potential to infiltrate and damage surrounding tissue. Anxiety around missing early cases needs to be balanced against inappropriate referral and unnecessary excision of benign lesions. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013187. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston Campus, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Early accurate detection of all skin cancer types is essential to guide appropriate management, reduce morbidity and improve survival. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is usually localised to the skin but has potential to infiltrate and damage surrounding tissue, while cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and melanoma have a much higher potential to metastasise and ultimately lead to death. Exfoliative cytology is a non-invasive test that uses the Tzanck smear technique to identify disease by examining the structure of cells obtained from scraped samples. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013193. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Early accurate detection of all skin cancer types is essential to guide appropriate management and to improve morbidity and survival. Melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are high-risk skin cancers which have the potential to metastasise and ultimately lead to death, whereas basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is usually localised with potential to infiltrate and damage surrounding tissue. Anxiety around missing early curable cases needs to be balanced against inappropriate referral and unnecessary excision of benign lesions. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013192. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Melanoma accounts for a small proportion of all skin cancer cases but is responsible for most skin cancer-related deaths. Early detection and treatment can improve survival. Smartphone applications are readily accessible and potentially offer an instant risk assessment of the likelihood of malignancy so that the right people seek further medical attention from a clinician for more detailed assessment of the lesion. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 4;12:CD009458. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, Section Three, Ren Min Nan Lu Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041.

Background: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynaecologic malignancy in the world and develops through preliminary stages of endometrial hyperplasia. Atypical endometrial hyperplasia suggests a significant pre-malignant state with frank progression to endometrial carcinoma, and tends to occur at a young age. Oral progestins have been used as conservative treatment in young women with atypical endometrial hyperplasia, but they are associated with poor tolerability and side effects that may limit their overall efficacy. Read More

Folia Med Cracov 2018 ;58(3):83-87

Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Veria, Veria, Greece.

Meckel's diverticulum represents a remnant of the proximal end of the omphalomesenteric duct, which constitutes a connection between the middle intestine and the vitelline vesicle. It is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract and is found in approximately 0.3-2% of the general population. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2018 Dec 6;24:8831-8839. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland).

BACKGROUND Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has a high mortality rate and is a common malignant tumor of women, seriously impairing health. Chemoresistance is one of the major causes of poor prognosis. Therefore, analyzing the molecular mechanism of paclitaxel resistance has great significance. Read More

J Assoc Genet Technol 2018 ;44(4):141-145

Allina Health, Minneapolis, MN.

Objectives: Double-hit lymphomas represent 5% of cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL). They are currently recognized as highgrade B-cell lymphomas (HGBCL) with rearrangements of MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 by the 2016 WHO classification. One of these rearrangements is the translocation of the BCL2 gene (18q21. Read More

Acta Med Port 2018 Nov 30;31(11):641-647. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Pathology. Centro Hospitalar São João. Porto. Unit of Pathology and Oncology. Department of Pathology. Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade do Porto. Porto. Portugal.

Introduction: Salivary gland tumors include a wide spectrum of histological subtypes and clinical behavior, which we aim to evaluate.

Material And Methods: We performed a retrospective study of all salivary gland tumors diagnosed and treated at the Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, between 2005 and 2015. Histological re- evaluation was performed in all cases and patient files were reviewed and both clinical and follow-up data were collected. Read More

Int Braz J Urol 2018 Oct 30;44. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Reconstructive Urology, St Helens & Knowsley Hospital NHS Trust Whiston Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Am J Surg Pathol 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Departments of Pathology.

The distinction of atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma (ALT/WDL) from its benign counterpart, lipoma, may represent a challenge. MDM2 DNA amplification is used as the gold standard as MDM2 immunohistochemistry lacks specificity and sensitivity. Herein, we investigate the diagnostic utility of MDM2 RNA in situ hybridization (RNA-ISH) and compare the test with MDM2 immunohistochemistry and MDM2 DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in benign and malignant lipomatous neoplasms. Read More

Am J Surg Pathol 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Rare Cancer Center.

NTRK fusions in malignant tumors are therapeutic targets of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Because they occur only in a small subset of mesenchymal tumors, knowledge regarding the corresponding histology is important to effectively identify patients who could benefit from targeted therapy. In this study, using RNA sequencing, we identified novel NTRK3 fusions involving related partner genes in 2 adult bone and soft tissue tumors that met the current histologic criteria of fibrosarcoma. Read More

Cancer Sci 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth People's Hospital of Shaanxi, Xi'an, 710043, Shaanxi, China.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor that frequently affects adolescents. Norcantharidin (NCTD), a demethylated derivative of cantharidin, has been reported exhibits anticancer activity against various types of tumors except human OS. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of NCTD on OS cell lines (MG63 and HOS) and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Read More

Am J Mens Health 2018 Dec 6:1557988318816907. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

1 Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.

KLF2, a member of the Kruppel-like factor (KLF) family, is thought to be a tumor suppressor in many kinds of malignant tumors. Its functions in prostate cancer (PCa) are unknown. This study aimed to explore the role of KLF2 in the migration and invasion of PCa cells. Read More

Diagn Cytopathol 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.

Background: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a diagnostically challenging entity in cytology specimens due to the lack of architectural context and a cytomorphologic overlap between malignant and reactive mesothelial cells (RMCs). A diagnostic marker with excellent specificity is not currently available in clinical practice. The newly appreciated BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) antibody may help distinguish MM from RMC based on its immunohistochemical (IHC) staining pattern but its role in cytopathology is controversial. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

The Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Onco-Hematology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland.

The scalp is a potential location for both benign and malignant tumors. Lymphoproliferative diseases can involve the skin as a primary or secondary manifestation. Dermoscopy is a noninvasive diagnostic tool for rapid diagnosis, screening, and follow-up of the majority of skin tumors. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Dermatology Clinic - Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 54, 09124, Cagliari, Italy.

Background: The clinical and dermoscopic changes of melanocytic nevi under the effects of photo-epilation are poorly known.

Objective: Prospective study on clinical and dermatoscopic effects of photoepilation on melanocytic nevi.

Methods: Eighteen patients exposed to photo-epilation gave consent to a follow-up program from 2008 to 2017 at the Videodermatoscopic Office of the Dermatology Clinic of Cagliari (Italy), with clinical and dermoscopic assessment. Read More

J Cell Biochem 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan, China.

Glioma is the most aggressive malignant tumor in the adult central nervous system. Abnormal long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) FOXD2-AS1 expression was associated with tumor development. However, the possible role of FOXD2-AS1 in the progression of glioma is not known. Read More

J Cell Biochem 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong, China.

Chondrosarcoma (CHS) is a common malignant bone sarcoma and its occurrence increases with age. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs that participate in various biological processes and disease pathogenesis by targeting functional messenger RNA (mRNA). However, the modulation of miRNAs in CHS remains largely unknown. Read More

Breast Cancer 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan.

Apocrine papillary lesion (APL) is difficult to diagnose as benign or malignant. We experienced an APL remaining in the body for 22 years. We present a case of a 71-year-old woman who had undergone excisional biopsy 22 years previously at the first hospital that she visited. Read More

Endocrine 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Service of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Background: Italian consensus for the classification and reporting of thyroid cytology has proposed to discriminate the cancer prevalence of high (Tir 3B) vs. low (Tir 3A) risk indeterminate nodules. To obtain more robust evidence on this topic, we performed a meta-analysis of the Odds Ratio (OR) of malignancy of Tir 3B vs. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, USA.

Background: Metabolic syndrome contributing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can lead to hepatic dysfunction, steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aims: In this study, we tested whether diet-induced fatty liver in a mouse model physiologically mimicked human NAFLD, and whether transcriptional alterations in mouse fatty liver signified risk for the development of hepatitis, cirrhosis, and/or hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods: SAMP6 strain mice were fed a low-fat diet or high-fat diet (HFD) for 6 months. Read More

Ann Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Chirurgische Klinik I, Lukaskrankenhaus Neuss, Neuss, Germany.

Background: Pelvic exenteration (PE) is a complex and challenging surgical procedure. The reported results of this procedure for primary and recurrent disease are limited and conflicting.

Methods: This study analyzed patient outcomes after all PEs performed in the authors' department between October 2001 and December 2016. Read More

Osteoporos Int 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Rheumatology Department, INSERM 1153, CHU Paris Cochin, Paris Descartes University, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014, Paris, France.

We performed a study to identify potential causes and risk factors of vertebral fracture cascade. Vertebral fracture cascade is a severe clinical event in patients with bone fragility. Only half of patients have an identified cause of secondary osteoporosis. Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.

Purpose: To review and analyze risk factors and the pathology of malignant transformation of adenomyosis.

Methods: In this paper, the relevant research on current risks factors and the pathology of malignant transformation of adenomyosis was reviewed and analyzed by metaanalysis. All studies included were retrieved from the PUBMED. Read More

Cureus 2018 Sep 28;10(9):e3381. Epub 2018 Sep 28.

Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo / Universidad Catolica De Santiago De Guayaquil, Guayaquil, ECU.

Chordomas are rare, slow-growing, and locally aggressive malignant neoplasms derived from primitive notochord remnants. The chondroid variety represents 14% of all chordomas mainly developing in the spheno-occipital region and presenting between the third and fifth decades of life. When developing intracranially, symptoms can range from headaches and neck pain to cranial nerve neuropathies and facial numbness. Read More

J Cancer 2018 31;9(23):4430-4439. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China.

Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) was found to be overexpressed in many types of tumours. Evidence has shown that TFF3 plays an important role in tumour proliferation, migration and invasion metastasis. However, the impact of TFF3 on patients' clinicopathological characteristics and underlying mechanisms remain unknown in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Read More

J Cancer 2018 22;9(23):4382-4390. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

: To evaluate the efficacy of transrectal ultrasound five-grade scoring system (TRUS-5) in predicting prostate cancer (PCa) and high grade PCa (HGPCa), compared with TRUS two-grade scoring system (TRUS-2), and establish a TRUS-5 based nomogram for the prediction of PCa and HGPCa at initial biopsy (IPBx). : Data were collected from 862 men who underwent initial TRUS-guided 12-core prostate biopsy. Age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), percent free PSA, digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate volume (PV), PSA density (PSAD) and TRUS findings were included in the analysis. Read More

J Cancer 2018 21;9(23):4355-4362. Epub 2018 Oct 21.

Department of Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China.

: Lysosome-associated protein transmembrane-4β-35(LAPTM4B-35) has been observed overexpressed in multiple malignant tumors. However, the prognostic value of LAPTM4B-35 remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of LAPTM4B-35 in human cancers. Read More

J Cancer 2018 20;9(22):4287-4293. Epub 2018 Oct 20.

State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou 510060, China.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a malignant epithelial tumor with a high incidence in East Asia and the Middle East. The outcomes for ESCC patients are usually not optimal due to the recurrence and metastasis. This study is aim to examine the expression and the prognostic value of LAG-3 in ESCC. Read More

J Cancer 2018 18;9(22):4187-4196. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an 710004, China.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), accounting for approximately 90% of liver cancer, is the most lethal malignant tumors in the world. Large amount of evidence indicate that microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to the tumorigenesis and progression of HCC. Among them, miR-376c-3p was recently identified as a tumor-related miRNA and is up-regulated in HBV-related HCC. Read More

J Cancer 2018 18;9(22):4179-4186. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032China.

In children and adolescents, osteosarcomais the most common malignant bone tumor with a high mortality rate. New therapeutic strategies are urgent to be explored. Studies have proven that microRNAs (miRNAs) in malignant tumors often appear dysregulation, this provides a direction for exploring the new therapeutic strategies for cancers. Read More

J Cancer 2018 18;9(22):4150-4155. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.

: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common malignant tumor worldwide, with a high mortality rate at advanced stages. In this study, we investigated the effect of niclosamide on cell growth and drug sensitivity in human HCC and elucidated the underlying mechanism. Three human HCC cell lines (HepG2, QGY-7703 and SMMC-7721) were used to evaluate the effect of niclosamide. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2018 8;10:5451-5460. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,

Background: Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) exerts enzymatic deacetylation activity on histones and on non-histone substrates and plays a key role in microtubule dynamics and chaperone activities. In addition, previous studies have demonstrated its role in cancer progression. However, its clinical significance in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) has not been elucidated. Read More

Onco Targets Ther 2018 13;11:8089-8098. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Department of Internal Medicine, Tianjin Binhai New Area Dagang Hospital, Tianjin 300270, China.

Objectives: The transcription factor EB (TFEB), a member of the micropthalmia family, has been found to be associated with autophagy and upregulated in some kinds of tumors. However, very few studies focused on TFEB in colorectal cancer (CRC). TFEB expression status and its relevance to clinical features in CRC would be analyzed in this study. Read More

Onco Targets Ther 2018 12;11:7979-7986. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medicine Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,

Background: The inclusion of exosomes enters the recipient cells by means of endocytosis or direct fusion for information exchange between cells and cells. The inclusion of BMSCs-exo helps to guide the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer, especially cancer.

Purpose: This research was to systematically elucidate the prognostic value of mRNAs of the exosomes derived from bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in common malignant neoplasms, such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, and gastric cancer. Read More

Cell Death Dis 2018 Dec 5;9(12):1179. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP Greifswald), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, Greifswald, 17489, Germany.

Malignant melanoma is an aggressive cancer that develops drug resistance leading to poor prognosis. Efficient delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to the tumor tissue remains a major challenge in treatment regimens. Using murine (B16) and human (SK-MEL-28) melanoma cells, we investigated traditional cytotoxic agents in combination with cold physical plasma-derived oxidants. Read More

Cell Death Dis 2018 Dec 5;9(12):1176. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Jiangsu Cancer Biotherapy Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China.

Hepatocellular carcinoma-related protein-1 (HCRP-1), a subunit of mammalian endosomal sorting complex required for transport-I (ESCRT-I), is frequently downregulated in various kinds of malignant tumors. The role of HCRP-1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown. We investigate the clinical value of HCRP-1 and its impact on anoikis in CRC. Read More

Cell Death Dis 2018 Dec 5;9(12):1175. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou, 213003, People's Republic of China.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in the development of human malignant tumours. Recently, an increasing number of lncRNAs have been identified and investigated in a variety of tumours. However, the expression pattern and biological function of lncRNAs in cervical cancer still remain largely unexplored. Read More

Cell Death Dis 2018 Dec 5;9(12):1165. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China.

Accumulating evidence has highlighted the potential role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and upstream open-reading frames (uORFs) in the biological behaviors of glioblastoma. Here, we elucidated the function and possible molecular mechanisms of the effect of some ncRNAs and NR2C2-uORF on the biological behaviors of gliomas. Quantitative real-time PCR was conducted to profile the cell expression of lnc-UCA1 and microRNA-627-5p (miR-627-5p) in glioma tissues and cells. Read More

Blood Adv 2018 Dec;2(23):3447-3461

Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are crucial components of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment essential for regulating self-renewal, survival, and differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the stem cell niche. MSCs are functionally altered in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and exhibit an altered methylome compared with MSCs from healthy controls, thus contributing to disease progression. To determine whether MSCs are amenable to epigenetic therapy and if this affects their function, we examined growth, differentiation, and HSPC-supporting capacity of ex vivo-expanded MSCs from MDS patients in comparison with age-matched healthy controls after direct treatment in vitro with the hypomethylating agent azacitidine (AZA). Read More

Ugeskr Laeger 2018 Nov;180(48)

Non-melanoma skin cancers are the most common malignant neoplasms in Denmark. The majority of cases are basal cell carcinomas (BCC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). The choice of treatment depends on tumour, area, histology and patient-specific factors. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2018 Dec 5;6(1):143. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Hospital, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.

Unlike chemotherapy treatments that target the tumor itself (rather nonspecifically), immune-based therapies attempt to harness the power of an individual patient's immune system to combat cancer. Similar to chemotherapeutic agents, the dosage and Administration section of labeling for all five currently approved PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors (immunotherapy) recommends duration of treatment until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Overactivation or constitutive activation of the immune system with immune based therapies can lead to T-cell exhaustion and activation induced cell death (AICD) in T- and B-cells. Read More