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Artif Organs 2019 Mar 13. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, Italy.

Male urinary incontinence is highly prevalent, leading to a miserable quality of life. The Artificial Urinary Sphincter (AUS) is the device that closely simulates the function of the biological urinary sphincter. The precise evaluation of occlusion mechanisms and of interaction phenomena occurring between AUS cuff and urethral duct is fundamental for a more reliable design. Read More

Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2018 Dec;69(4):286-303

Molecular Toxicology Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.

Chloride/formate exchanger (CFEX; SLC26A6) mediates oxalate transport in various mammalian organs. Studies in Cfex knockout mice indicated its possible role in development of male-dominant hyperoxaluria and oxalate urolithiasis. Rats provide an important model for studying this pathophysiological condition, but data on Cfex (rCfex) localisation and regulation in their organs are limited. Read More

Phys Med Biol 2019 Feb 28. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Anatomy, Ajou University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of).

In the present study, to overcome the limitations of the previous voxel-type reference computational phantoms, a pair of new reference Korean phantoms, called mesh-type reference Korean phantoms (MRKPs), were developed for the adult male and female in a high-quality/fidelity mesh format. The developed phantoms include all target and source regions required for effective dose calculation, even micrometer-scale target and source regions of the respiratory and alimentary tract organs, skin, urinary bladder, and eye lens. The developed phantoms, which are in the mesh format, can be directly used in Monte Carlo codes without voxelization. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2019 Feb 18;55(2). Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.

In recent years, the interstitial cells telocytes, formerly known as interstitial Cajal-like cells, have been described in almost all organs of the human body. Although telocytes were previously thought to be localized predominantly in the organs of the digestive system, as of 2018 they have also been described in the lymphoid tissue, skin, respiratory system, urinary system, meninges and the organs of the male and female genital tracts. Since the time of eminent German pathologist Rudolf Virchow, we have known that many pathological processes originate directly from cellular changes. Read More

BMC Vet Res 2019 Feb 11;15(1):54. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henri-Dunant Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common diseases occurring in cats. It is characterized by renal fibrosis, which is strongly correlated with impairment of renal function. Since renal biopsy is not performed routinely in clinical practice, the non-invasive method of ultrasonographic shear-wave elastography (SWE) was used to determine renal parenchymal stiffness. Read More

Auton Neurosci 2019 Mar 28;217:26-34. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico. Electronic address:

The aims of the present study were to describe, in male rats, the anatomical organization of the major and accessory pelvic ganglia (MPG, AG; respectively), the interrelationship of the pelvic plexus components, and the morphometry of the pelvic postganglionic neurons. Anatomical, histochemical and histological studies were performed in anesthetized adult Wistar male rats. We found that the pelvic plexus consists of intricate neural circuits composed of two MPG, and three pairs of AG (AGI, AGII, AGIII) anatomically interrelated through ipsilateral and contralateral commissural nerves. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 Jan 30;16(3). Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.

To investigate the association among lower urinary tract infection (UTI), the type and timing of antibiotic usage, and the subsequent risk of developing cancers, especially genitourinary cancers (GUC), in Taiwan. This retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted using 2009⁻2013 data from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database. This study enrolled patients who were diagnosed with a UTI between 2010 and 2012. Read More

Arch Ital Urol Androl 2019 Jan 17;90(4):293-294. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Urology Department, Ivrea Hospital - ASL TO4, Ivrea, Turin.

Chondrosarcoma is the second most common malignant tumor of the bone with an incidence of 1 in 200.000 per year. Axial skeleton is frequently involved showing poorer oncological outcomes than appendicular one: human pelvis is a site predilection. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(3):e14212

Department of Internal Medicine.

Elastography is a method to examine the increase in solid organs stiffness (SOS), and there is no data in the literature regarding to its use in patients with acromegaly. In this study, we aimed to investigate the change of SOS in patients with acromegaly and to determine the parameters closely related to SOS in same patient groups.We included 40 subjects with acromegaly and 40 healthy control subjects. Read More

Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018 Nov;36(11):813-818

Shandong university school of public health, Jinan 250014, China.

To explore the acute toxicity of Diquat in mice and to calculate the median lethal dose (LD(50)) of Diquat to rats and observe the pathological changes of tissues and organs in rats with different concentrations of Diquat. Diquat solution of 50 mg/kg was prepared freshly with 1 000 mg of Diquat and dilute the solution with water to a total of 20 ml. A total of 99 healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into part one, part two and control groups. Read More

Neurourol Urodyn 2018 Aug;37(S6):S32-S38

Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Aims: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is defined as a noncyclical pain that has duration of at least 6 months and can lead to decreased quality of life and physical performance. The pain can be attributed to problems in the pelvic organs and/or problems in related systems, and possible psycho-social attributes may contribute to the manifestation. Due to the complex nature, CPP syndromes are multifactorial and the terminology needs to reflect the setting. Read More

Vet J 2019 Jan 30;243:82-90. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, The Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel. Electronic address:

Disseminated canine mold infections are reviewed. Case inclusion criteria were dogs as hosts, two or more non-adjacent organs affected and identification of the etiological agent at least to the genus level. Of the 157 cases identified, 59. Read More

Pediatr Transplant 2019 02 28;23(1):e13306. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Department of Organ Transplantation, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.

RTx is currently the best treatment for children with ESRD. This study retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of growth after RTx using the pediatric-to-pediatric allocation strategy and some factors that may affect it. From March 2012 to August 2016, 8 en bloc and 38 single pediatric RTxs were performed at our center using organs from small pediatric deceased donors (weight < 15 kg). Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(52):e13638

Department of Internal Medicine, Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France.

Rationale: Crystal sorting histiocytosis (CSH) is a rare disorder that is morphologically characterized by the accumulation of monoclonal immunoglobulin crystals, predominantly of a kappa light chain type, within lysosomes of macrophages. CSH may result in a variety of clinical manifestations depending on the involved organs. In this case report, we aim to describe a patient with ophthalmic manifestations which lead to the diagnosis of multiple myeloma with crystal-storing histiocytosis, crystalline podocytopathy, and light chain proximal tubulopathy. Read More

Swiss Med Wkly 2018 12 21;148:w14699. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.

Background And Aim: Wilson’s disease is an inherited disorder of hepatic copper metabolism, leading to the accumulation of copper in the liver as well as the brain, cornea and other organs. Here, we describe the adult cases of hepatic Wilson’s disease diagnosed at the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology of the University Hospital Lausanne, Switzerland between September 2004 and August 2016.

Methods: Clinical manifestations, results of diagnostic tests, management and outcomes of adult patients with hepatic Wilson’s disease were assessed based on standardised medical records. Read More

Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Mar 18;102:23-29. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Intertek Scientific & Regulatory Consultancy, 2233 Argentia Road, Suite 201, Mississauga, Ontario, L5N 2X7, Canada.

Researchers from the Ramazzini Institute have reported that lifespan dosing of rats with aspartame treatment is associated with an increased overall incidence of malignant tumors, including leukemias/lymphomas, transitional cell carcinomas of the renal pelvis/ureter, and malignant schwannomas of the peripheral nerves. Other carcinogenicity studies conducted on aspartame have shown no such carcinogenic potential in any organ system. Additional data to assess the carcinogenic potential of aspartame, especially in relation to the publications of the Ramazzini Institute, were obtained from a third-party histological evaluation of tissues from a carcinogenicity study previously conducted to assess the potential for aspartame to induce tumors of the brain. Read More

Kidney Blood Press Res 2018 14;43(6):1919-1926. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Urogenital Research Unit, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro,

Background/aims: Stress had been related to physiological and morphological alterations in different organs, however kidney morphology and function after stress conditions are not well-known. To evaluate the effects of chronic stress on renal morphology in prepubertal and adult rats, and to investigate if the effects of induced stress remain stable or worsen following removal of the stress stimuli.

Methods: Forty prepubertal rats (4 weeks old) and thirty six adult rats (10 weeks old) were used. Read More

Histopathology 2019 Jan;74(1):4-17

Aquesta Uropathology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.

Grading of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been recognised as a prognostic factor for almost 100 years. Numerous grading systems have been proposed, initially focusing upon a constellation of cytological features and more recently on nuclear morphology. It has been recommended that grading of RCC should be based upon nucleolar prominence/eosinophilia for grades 1-3, while grade 4 requires nuclear anaplasia (including tumour giant cells, sarcomatoid differentiation and/or rhabdoid morphology). Read More

Histopathology 2019 Jan;74(1):77-96

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

Pathological evaluation of bladder cancer typically reveals great tumour heterogeneity, and therefore the common observation of urothelial carcinoma exhibiting a wide variety of histopathological patterns is not surprising. Some of these patterns are so distinctive that they have been recognised as specific variants of urothelial carcinoma. Classifications have recently been revised in the 2016 World Health Organisation (WHO) classification of tumours of the urinary system and male genital organs. Read More

Ann Occup Environ Med 2018 14;30:69. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

1Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Eulji University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea 35233.

Objective: Kidneys are organs having a biological clock, and it is well known that the disruption of the circadian rhythm increases the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), including the decline of renal and proteinuria. Because shift work causes circadian disruption, it can directly or indirectly affect the incidence of chronic kidney disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association between shift work and chronic kidney disease using a Korean representative survey dataset. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 13;2018:1286480. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Chinovo Laboratory, Beijing, China.

A point mutation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) at nucleotide position 3243 A to G (mt.3243A>G) is involved in many common diseases, including maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) and mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis with stroke-like episodes (MELAS). However, the mutant level of mt. Read More

Phys Med 2018 Dec 22;56:41-49. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institut Jules Bordet-Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 121 boulevard de Waterloo, 1000 Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address:

Purpose: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with Lu-DOTATATE has become a standard treatment modality in neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). No consensus has yet been reached however regarding the absorbed dose threshold for lesion response, the absorbed dose limit to organs-at-risk, and the optimal fractionation and activity to be administered. This is partly due to a lack of uniform and comparable dosimetry protocols. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2019 Mar 15;23:10-12. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Surgery - Division of Urology, 1 Hospital Drive, MC 301E, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.

A 61-year-old male presented with gross hematuria and transurethral resection of bladder tumor revealed inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). Due to extent of disease leading to ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis, radical cystectomy (RC) with ileal conduit urinary diversion was performed. Five months after RC, the patient presented with decreased urine output. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019 Feb 4;26(4):3473-3478. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno (IZSM), Portici, 80055, Naples, Italy.

The aim of the present study was to assess the concentrations of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in the liver and kidney from stray dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and cats (Felis catus) found dead between 2014 and 2017 in the city of Naples and its surrounding areas. These organs from 290 dogs and 88 cats were collected after ordinary necropsy of stray animals. Heavy metal concentrations were determined by using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Read More

Radiat Oncol 2018 Dec 4;13(1):240. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, MI, USA.

Background: Advanced clinical applications, such as dose accumulation and adaptive radiation therapy, require deformable image registration (DIR) algorithms capable of voxel-wise accurate mapping of treatment dose or functional imaging. By utilizing a multistage deformable phantom, the authors investigated scenarios where biomechanical refinement method (BM-DIR) may be better than the pure image intensity based deformable registration (IM-DIR).

Methods: The authors developed a biomechanical-model based DIR refinement method (BM-DIR) to refine the deformable vector field (DVF) from any initial intensity-based DIR (IM-DIR). Read More

Radiat Oncol 2018 Dec 3;13(1):237. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.

Background: Neoadjuvant radio- or chemoradiation (nIRT) therapy is the standard treatment for loco-regional advanced rectal cancer patients of the lower or middle third. Currently, intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is not the recommended radiation technique even though IMRT has advantages compared to 3D-radiation regarding dose sparing to organs at risk like small bowel and urinary bladder. So far, the benefit of IMRT concerning the anal sphincter complex is not examined. Read More

Pediatr Transplant 2019 02 26;23(1):e13313. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Pediatric Hepatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Primary hyperoxalurias are rare inborn errors of metabolism with deficiency of hepatic enzymes that lead to excessive urinary oxalate excretion and overproduction of oxalate which is deposited in various organs. Hyperoxaluria results in serious morbid-ity, end stage kidney disease (ESKD), and mortality if left untreated. Combined liver kidney transplantation (CLKT) is recognized as a management of ESKD for children with hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1). Read More

Surg Pathol Clin 2018 Dec;11(4):837-876

Departments of Pathology and Urology, VCU School of Medicine, 1200 East Marshall Street, PO Box 980662, Richmond, VA 23298, USA. Electronic address:

Mesenchymal neoplasms of the genitourinary (GU) tract often pose considerable diagnostic challenges due to their wide morphologic spectrum, relative rarity, and unexpected incidence at GU sites. Soft tissue tumors arise throughout the GU tract, whether from adventitia surrounding or connective tissues within the kidneys, urinary bladder, and male and female genital organs. This selected article focuses on a subset of these lesions, ranging from benign to malignant and encompassing a range of patterns of mesenchymal differentiation, where recent scholarship has lent greater insight into their clinical, molecular, or diagnostic features. Read More

Pathologe 2018 Nov 16. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Department of Pathology, Medical University Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.

The most frequent anomaly of the urogenital tract is a simple renal ectopia with one organ lying in the pelvis. Crossed renal ectopia is a less common condition in which the ectopic kidney is located on the opposite side of the midline from the ureteral insertion in the urinary bladder. The cause of both types of renal ectopia is the arrest or failure of the kidney ascent from the pelvic to the lumbar position. Read More

Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2018 Nov 2;166:51-59. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Department of Urology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey.

Background And Objective: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common disease affecting the vast majority of people. UTI involves a simple infection caused by urinary tract inflammation as well as a complicated infection that may be caused by an inflammation of other urinary tract organs. Since all of these infections have similar symptoms, it is difficult to identify the cause of primary infection. Read More

Pediatr Surg Int 2019 Feb 2;35(2):227-231. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Department of Medical and Surgical Neonatology, Neonatal Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio, 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.

Purpose: To analyze the outcome after untethering surgery in patients with spinal dysraphism (SD), with or without associated anorectal malformation (ARM).

Methods: Patients operated on for SD, with (Group A) or without (Group B) associated ARM (1999-2015), were included. The post-operative outcome was analyzed in the two groups in terms of improving of clinical symptoms (neuro-motor deficits, bladder dysfunction, bowel dysfunction) and of instrumental examinations (urodynamics, bladder ultrasound, neurophysiology). Read More

Urol Ann 2018 Oct-Dec;10(4):400-405

Department of Urology and Transplantation Surgery, Institute of Kidney Disease and Research Centre, Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplant Sciences, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Objective: Retroperitoneoscopy, by avoiding peritoneal breach and injury to intra-abdominal organs, provides a more direct and rapid access to the kidney and the renal hilum. Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy by retroperitoneal route (LPNR) is less commonly performed than transperitoneal route for early stage renal cancer. The objective of this study is to carry out the outcomes of partial nephrectomy using retroperitoneal approach. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2018 Oct 31;24:7794-7801. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland).

BACKGROUND Renal ischemic-reperfusion (RIR) injury remains a major cause of acute kidney injury, with increased in-hospital mortality and risks for chronic kidney disease. Previous studies have proposed that oxidative stress, inflammation, and renal apoptosis are the most common causes of injury, whereas recent research proved that methane, the simplest alkane generated by an enteric microorganism or accompanying the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), can alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress and reduce apoptosis in different organs. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the present study, we analyzed the possible effects of methane-rich saline in RIR injury in a mouse model and analyzed its possible protective effects on inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Read More

BMC Urol 2018 Oct 24;18(1):92. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Department of Interventional Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fu-xing Rd, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.

Background: Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) has been proved effective in the treatment of lower urinary tracts (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with low complications, and most of the them are due to non-target embolization of adjacent organs, such as bladder, rectum, seminal vesicles and penis. Aim of this study was to present seminal vesicle (SV) abnormalities following prostatic artery embolization (PAE) for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Methods: We reviewed 139 BPH patients who received PAE during the period of February 2009 and January 2015 at a single institution, highlighting seminal vesicle abnormalities and their clinical relevance after PAE. Read More

Cancer Radiother 2018 Dec 12;22(8):754-762. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, 05505 Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: Stereotactic body radiation therapy is a promising treatment modality for locally advanced pancreatic cancer. To determine the optimal radiation treatment, we compared the plan characteristics of volumetric-modulated arc therapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy when administered with stereotactic body radiation therapy to treat pancreatic cancer.

Patients And Methods: Fifteen patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer were treated by stereotactic body radiation therapy at a dose of 24-32Gy in four fractions with marker-guided gated volumetric-modulated arc therapy. Read More

Pharmacol Rep 2018 Dec 29;70(6):1097-1104. Epub 2018 May 29.

Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland. Electronic address:

Background: Mephedrone is a recreationally used synthetic cathinone, relatively new abusive substances with molecular structure similar to amphetamine. As there is still lack of scientific data regarding mechanisms of action as well as metabolism of mephedrone, especially in aspects other than neurotoxicity, addiction or behavioral changes, therefore we aimed, for the first time, to investigate potential pro-oxidative actions of a single dose of mephedrone in organs other than brain and its structures, i.e. Read More

Annu Rev Anim Biosci 2018 Oct 10. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Physiological Chemistry, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany; email:

In vertebrates, sex organs are generally specialized to perform a male or female reproductive role. Acquisition of the Müllerian duct, which gives rise to the oviduct, together with emergence of the Amh/Amhr2 system favored evolution of viviparity in jawed vertebrates. Species with high sexspecific reproductive adaptations have less potential to sex reverse, making intersex a nonfunctional condition. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Jan 5;167:60-68. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, El-Sharkia Province, Egypt.

Available data regarding Imidacloprid (IMI) insecticide hazards to birds are still being scare. Our study aimed to investigate toxic impacts of IMI oral gavage by different dose levels on the brain and liver of Rock pigeon (Columba livia domestica). Forty mature male birds were divided equally into four groups. Read More

Toxicol Mech Methods 2019 Feb 21;29(2):146-152. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

b Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine , Minia University , Minia , Egypt.

Cilostazol and verapamil are widely used cardiovascular drugs, explored a beneficial effect on different organs-induced toxicities. We investigated whether the Nrf2 (nuclear erythroid factor 2) and its downstream pathway are involved in the protective role of these drugs against TAA-induced renal damage. Renal biomarkers (creatinine and urea) and histopathology were observed. Read More

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2018 Dec 2;64:26-40. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

Poisoning with aluminum phosphide (AlP) has been attributed to the high rate of mortality among many Asian countries. It affects several organs, mainly heart and kidney. Numerous literature demonstrated the valuable effect of minocycline in mitigating pathological symptoms of heart and kidney disease. Read More

Top Magn Reson Imaging 2018 Oct;27(5):335-352

Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Increasing clinical experience and ongoing research in the field of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is leading to exploration of its applications in other abdominal organs. In this review, the current research progress of MRE in prostate, uterus, pancreas, spleen, and kidney will be discussed. The article will describe patient preparation, modified technical approach including development of passive drivers, modification of sequences, and inversion. Read More

PLoS One 2018 1;13(10):e0204239. Epub 2018 Oct 1.

Department of Renal Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have increased risk of development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and early mortality. Fibrosis is the central pathogenic process in CKD and is caused by dysregulated extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. The laminin γ1 chain (LAMC1) is a core structural protein present in the basement membrane of several organs, including the kidneys. Read More

Food Chem Toxicol 2018 Dec 25;122:80-86. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Japan.

5-Hexenyl isothiocyanate (5-HeITC) is a naturally derived flavoring substance from Wasabia japonica. To clarify the toxicological profile of 5-HeITC, we performed a subchronic toxicity study of 5-HeITC with intragastric administration at daily doses of 0, 3, 12, or 48 mg/kg body weight (BW) to 6-week-old male and female F344/DuCrj rats for 13 weeks. Body weight gain was decreased in the male 48 mg/kg BW group. Read More

J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018 Dec 26;50:305-311. Epub 2018 Jul 26.

School of Interdisciplinary Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1 Canada.

There exists a need for accurate, non-invasive point-of-care tests to detect body iron burden. This study investigated the use of x-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurements of skin iron as a marker for organ iron content in rats. This study also evaluated a novel application of a commercial XRF device, commonly used in mining and construction, as a rapid, portable, and non-invasive measurement tool. Read More

PLoS One 2018 27;13(9):e0204618. Epub 2018 Sep 27.

Department of Medicine, Nephrology, University of Padua, Padua Italy.

Background: Fabry disease is characterized by deficient expression/activity of α-GalA with consequent lysosomal accumulation in various organs of its substrate Gb3. Despite enzyme replacement therapy, Fabry disease progresses with serious myocardial, cerebral and renal manifestations. Gb3 accumulation may induce oxidative stress (OxSt), production of inflammatory cytokines and reduction of nitric oxide, which may impact on Fabry disease's clinical manifestations. Read More

J Nippon Med Sch 2018 ;85(4):204-207

Department of Urology (Chief: S. Kurita), Tachikawa Sogo Hospital.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of early transcatheter arterial embolization for hemodynamically stable patients with The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grade 4 blunt renal trauma.

Materials And Methods: The medical records of consecutive patients with grade 4 blunt renal trauma who were transported to our two critical care centers in Japan and treated with early transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) between 2001 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Treatment failure was defined as the need for further surgical intervention or re-embolization after initial embolization. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2018 Dec 22;108:799-808. Epub 2018 Sep 22.

Human Anatomy Department, Minia University Faculty of Medicine, Minia University Faculty of Medicine, Minia, 61111, Egypt. Electronic address:

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is frequently consumed as a flavor enhancer or food additive. Possible MSG-induced injurious effects on some organs have been stated in experimental animal models. Thus, in this study we tried to clarify effect and possible mechanism of action of MSG on liver and kidney, and if this results affected by the addition of l-Arginine or vitamin D to it. Read More

Mol Imaging Biol 2018 Sep 24. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

Center for Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Biomedical Research Foundation, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA.

Purpose: 4-[F]Fluorobenzylguanidine ([F]PFBG) is a positron emission tomography (PET) probe for non-invasive targeting of the norepinephrine transporter. The aim of this study was to assess uptake and distribution characteristics of this PET probe.

Procedures: Three cynomolgus monkeys were injected with 269 ± 51 MBq (7. Read More

Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2019 Jan 21;60(1):75-80. Epub 2018 Sep 21.

Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Clinic for Small Animals, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, 35392, Germany.

Neoplasia of the prostate is relatively uncommon in dogs with adenocarcinoma being the most common type. Non-epithelial tumors are rare and only individual cases of malignant lymphoma affecting the prostate have been reported. The purpose of this multi-institutional, retrospective, descriptive study was to characterize the ultrasonographic features of canine prostatic lymphoma. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018 Nov 19;25(32):32458-32465. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Toxicology Area, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (UEX), Avda de la Universidad s/n., 10003, Caceres, Spain.

The present study evaluated the effect of two oral doses of the pesticide diazinon (25 and 125 mg/kg bw) on four biochemical parameters (malondialdehyde and glutathione levels, and catalase and glutathione S-transferase enzymatic activities) in the kidney, lungs, and liver of rabbit after 10 days of exposure. Malondialdehyde levels were significantly greater in exposed animals compared to controls, especially in the animals exposed to the higher dose of the pesticide. This result was reflected in the glutathione levels, which were significantly lower at that same higher dose. Read More