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    Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema in a primary care-based teleophthalmology program for American Indians and Alaskan Natives.
    PLoS One 2018 20;13(6):e0198551. Epub 2018 Jun 20.
    Phoenix Indian Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America.
    Background: Diabetes and its complications are more common in American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) than other US racial/ethnic populations. Prior reports of diabetic retinopathy (DR) prevalence in AI/AN are dated, and research on diabetic macular edema (DME) is limited. This study characterizes the recent prevalence of DR and DME in AI/AN using primary care-based teleophthalmology surveillance. Read More
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    Quantitative assessment of macular contraction and vitreoretinal interface alterations in diabetic macular edema treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF injections.
    Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018 Jun 20. Epub 2018 Jun 20.
    Department of Ophthalmology, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
    Background: Macular contraction after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections for diabetic macular edema (DME) was evaluated by documenting the displacement of macular capillary vessels and epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation.

    Methods: A total of 130 eyes were included in this retrospective study. The study group consisted of 63 eyes which had intravitreal anti-VEGF injections for DME, and the control group included 67 eyes without central DME. Read More
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    Oral administration of a curcumin-phospholipid formulation (Meriva®) for treatment of chronic diabetic macular edema: a pilot study.
    Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018 Jun;22(11):3617-3625
    Private Practice, Bergamo, Italy.
    Objective: The purpose of this open-label study was to investigate the effect of a curcumin-phospholipid lecithin formulation (Meriva®) on visual acuity and optical coherence tomography (OCT) retinal thickness in patients with chronic diabetic macular edema.

    Patients And Methods: Curcumin-phospholipid lecithin formulation (Meriva®, Indena S.p. Read More
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    Diabetic macular edema treated with ranibizumab following bevacizumab failure in Israel (DERBI study).
    Eur J Ophthalmol 2018 Jun 1:1120672118782102. Epub 2018 Jun 1.
    13 Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center and the Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
    Purpose: To evaluate the outcome of second-line intravitreal ranibizumab treatment in eyes with diabetic macular edema having persistent edema following initial therapy with intravitreal bevacizumab.

    Methods: Diabetic macular edema treated with ranibizumab following bevacizumab failure in Israel was a retrospective, multi-center study. Consecutive eyes with persistent diabetic macular edema following at least three previous intravitreal bevacizumab injections prior to intravitreal ranibizumab, at least three-monthly intravitreal ranibizumab injections and at least 12 months of follow-up were included. Read More
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    The opinion of the Expert Group of the Polish Society of Ophthalmology on using nepafenac in the prevention of postoperative macular edema after cataract surgery in diabetic patients.
    Klin Oczna 2016;118(2):155-60
    Nepafenac is an innovative non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in ophthalmology for the prevention of macular edema after cataract surgery. Along with its anti-inflammatory effect, nepafenac has some unique properties which distinguish it from other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It is a prodrug activated to amfenac after it penetrates through the corneal layers to the aqueous humour and the ciliary body. Read More
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    Basis and Design of a Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effect of Levosulpiride on Retinal Alterations in Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema.
    Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018 29;9:242. Epub 2018 May 29.
    Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Querétaro, Mexico.
    Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) are potentially blinding, microvascular retinal diseases in people with diabetes mellitus. Preclinical studies support a protective role of the hormone prolactin (PRL) due to its ocular incorporation and conversion to vasoinhibins, a family of PRL fragments that inhibit ischemia-induced retinal angiogenesis and diabetes-derived retinal vasopermeability. Here, we describe the protocol of an ongoing clinical trial investigating a new therapy for DR and DME based on elevating the circulating levels of PRL with the prokinetic, dopamine D2 receptor blocker, levosulpiride. Read More
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    Management of diabetic macular edema with intravitreal dexamethasone implants: Expert recommendations using a Delphi-based approach.
    Eur J Ophthalmol 2018 Jun 1:1120672118781236. Epub 2018 Jun 1.
    4 Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy.
    Objectives: Despite being approved and effective, steroids, and especially dexamethasone intravitreal implants, still have a poorly-defined role in management of diabetic macular edema. In order to overcome some of the limitations in current recommendations, a group of experts met to define consensus on some of the most controversial issues on the use of dexamethasone intravitreal implants in daily management of diabetic macular edema.

    Methods: A Delphi-based approach was utilized to develop clinically relevant statements applicable to routine treatment settings. Read More
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    BMP (Bone Morphogenetic Protein) 9/Alk1 (Activin-Like Kinase Receptor Type I) Signaling Prevents Hyperglycemia-Induced Vascular Permeability.
    Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018 Jun 7. Epub 2018 Jun 7.
    Department of Molecular Biology (C.V., B.L.)
    Objective: Diabetic macular edema is a major cause of visual impairment in diabetic retinopathy. It is caused by blood-retinal barrier breakdown that leads to vascular hyperpermeability. Current therapeutic approaches consist of retinal photocoagulation or targeting VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) to limit vascular leakage. Read More
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    Influence of micro- and macro-vascular disease and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 on the level of lower-extremity amputation in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Cardiovasc Diabetol 2018 Jun 8;17(1):81. Epub 2018 Jun 8.
    Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1402, INSERM, Université de Poitiers, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
    Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) face a high amputation rate. We investigated the relationship between the level of amputation and the presence of micro or macro-vascular disease and related circulating biomarkers, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 (TNFR1) and Angiopoietin like-2 protein (ANGPTL2).

    Methods: We have analyzed data from 1468 T2D participants in a single center prospective cohort (the SURDIAGENE cohort). Read More
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    New insights into diabetic retinopathy by OCT angiography.
    Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018 Jun 4;142:243-253. Epub 2018 Jun 4.
    Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, PR China. Electronic address:
    Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common diabetic complications, which has become a leading cause for vision loss, mainly because of macular edema and vitreous hemorrhage. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography is a novel technique to visualize vascular changes including microaneurysm, non-perfusion area, intraretinal microvascular abnormalities, and neovascularization. Recently, it is possible to quantify vascular density, foveal avascular zone area, non-perfusion area objectively using OCT angiography. Read More
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    Retinoic acid signaling is essential for maintenance of the blood-retinal barrier.
    FASEB J 2018 Jun 6:fj201701469R. Epub 2018 Jun 6.
    Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
    The predominant function of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) is to maintain retinal homeostasis by regulating the influx and efflux between the blood and retina. Breakdown of the BRB occurs in a number of ocular diseases that result in vision loss. Understanding the molecular and cellular pathways involved in the development and maintenance of the BRB is critical to developing therapeutics for these conditions. Read More
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    Non-Mydriatic Fundus Retinography in Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy: Agreement Between Family Physicians, General Ophthalmologists, and a Retinal Specialist.
    Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018 18;9:251. Epub 2018 May 18.
    Division of Ophthalmology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
    Purpose: To determine the level of agreement between trained family physicians (FPs), general ophthalmologists (GOs), and a retinal specialist (RS) in the assessment of non-mydriatic fundus retinography in screening for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the primary health-care setting.

    Methods: 200 Diabetic patients were submitted to two-field non-mydriatic digital fundus camera. The images were examined by four trained FPs, two GOs, and one RS with regard to the diagnosis and severity of DR and the diagnosis of macular edema. Read More
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    Early Retinal and Choroidal Coat Thickness Changes After Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant Injection for Diabetic Macular Edema.
    Balkan Med J 2018 06 5. Epub 2018 Jun 5.
    Department of Ophthalmology, Namık Kemal University School of Medicine, Tekirdağ, Turkey.
    Background: Intravitreal steroid injection is one of the treatment choices in diabetic macular edema (DME). Dexamethasone (Dx) implant is the most novel form of intravitreal steroid therapy. Macular thickness improvement is well known effect of Dx implant however; subfoveal choroidal coat thickness (SFCT) changes need to be investigated. Read More
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    Classification of healthy and diseased retina using SD-OCT imaging and Random Forest algorithm.
    PLoS One 2018 4;13(6):e0198281. Epub 2018 Jun 4.
    Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
    In this paper, we propose a novel classification model for automatically identifying individuals with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) using retinal features from Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) images. Our classification method uses retinal features such as the thickness of the retina and the thickness of the individual retinal layers, and the volume of the pathologies such as drusen and hyper-reflective intra-retinal spots. We extract automatically, ten clinically important retinal features by segmenting individual SD-OCT images for classification purposes. Read More
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    Ophthalmic community perception of new medication needs.
    Int J Ophthalmol 2018 18;11(5):848-851. Epub 2018 May 18.
    PRN PharmaFarm, LLC, Cheyenne, WY 82001, USA.
    Aim: To survey ophthalmologists (who have participated previously in clinical research) and ophthalmic industry professionals (who have been involved in ocular research and development) to indicate perceived needs for new pharmaceuticals in various ophthalmic subspecialties.

    Methods: A prospective, industry-based survey was sent to ophthalmologists and ophthalmic industry professionals about the perceived needs for new pharmaceutical products.

    Results: This survey was sent to 559 ophthalmic pharma professionals and ophthalmologists. Read More
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    Switching to ranibizumab in diabetic macular oedema refractory to bevacizumab treatment.
    Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.
    Departamento de Oftalmología, Organización Médica de Investigación, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address:
    Aim: To determine the efficacy of switching to ranibizumab in patients with diabetic macular oedema refractory to treatment with bevacizumab, and to evaluate the outcomes when switching back to bevacizumab.

    Methods: A prospective study was conducted that included 43 eyes of 31 patients refractory to previous bevacizumab treatment. The patients were switched to ranibizumab, and optical coherence tomography was performed one month post-injection. Read More
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    Subjective evaluation of visual acuity is not reliable to detect disease activity in different exudative maculopathies.
    Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018 Jun 1. Epub 2018 Jun 1.
    Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
    Background: Patients with exudative maculopathies (neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), and retinal vein occlusion (RVO)) are faced with a high burden of examinations and treatments. This study was conceived to analyze the accuracy of a subjective evaluation of visual acuity (VA) and metamorphopsia to detect disease reactivation, compared to morphological signs of reactivation assessed by means of SD-OCT.

    Methods: Retrospective study of 888 patients treated for nAMD (n = 638), DME (84), BRVO (110), and CRVO (56) was conducted. Read More
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    Association of Metformin Treatment with Reduced Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.
    J Diabetes Res 2018 30;2018:2801450. Epub 2018 Apr 30.
    Department of Ophthalmology, Henry Ford Health System, 1 Ford Place 5D, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
    Purpose: To evaluate effects of long-term metformin on the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in high-risk type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients.

    Methods: A retrospective chart review study was conducted involving 335 DR patients with T2D ≥ 15 years from 1990 to 2013. The severity of DR was determined by Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study scale. Read More
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    Evaluation of Vitrectomy with Planned Foveal Detachment as Surgical Treatment for Refractory Diabetic Macular Edema with or without Vitreomacular Interface Abnormality.
    J Ophthalmol 2018 7;2018:9246384. Epub 2018 May 7.
    Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
    Purpose: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of subretinal BSS injections done during vitrectomy for refractory diabetic macular edema (DME) resistant to other modes of treatment including previous vitrectomy.

    Materials And Methods: A prospective, interventional noncomparative case series in which cases had refractory DME with a central macular thickness (CMT) ≥ 300 m, despite previous anti-VEGF therapy (ranibizumab or bevacizumab with shifting to aflibercept). Some cases even received intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection, before attempting this solution. Read More
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    Evaluation of Navigated Laser Photocoagulation (Navilas 577+) for the Treatment of Refractory Diabetic Macular Edema.
    J Ophthalmol 2018 2;2018:3978514. Epub 2018 May 2.
    Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-Kawasumi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
    Purpose: To evaluate navigated laser photocoagulation for the treatment of refractory diabetic macular edema (DME).

    Methods: Retrospective study of 25 eyes (21 patients) treated with Navilas 577+ focal laser system. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters were measured at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months, and final visit. Read More
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    Ocular Distribution and Pharmacodynamics of SF0166, a Topically Administered αvβ3 Integrin Antagonist, for the Treatment of Retinal Diseases.
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.
    SciFluor Life Sciences
    SF0166, a small molecule αvβ3 antagonist, has physiochemical properties that allow distribution to the posterior segment of the eye after topical administration in an ophthalmic solution. The pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of SF0166 were evaluated in several cell lines, chick chorioallantoic membrane assays, and models of ocular neovascularization in mice and pigmented rabbits. SF0166 inhibited cellular adhesion to vitronectin across human, rat, rabbit, and dog cell lines with IC50 values of 7. Read More
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    Apelin-13 Is an Early Promoter of Cytoskeleton and Tight Junction in Diabetic Macular Edema via PI-3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk Signaling Pathways.
    Biomed Res Int 2018 4;2018:3242574. Epub 2018 Apr 4.
    Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
    Diabetic macular edema is major cause of vision loss associated with diabetic retinopathy. Breakdown of blood-retinal barrier, especially inner BRB, is an early event in pathogenesis of DR. Apelin, an endogenous ligand of APJ, mediates angiogenesis and is involved in the development of DR. Read More
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    Treatment Efficacy and Compliance in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema Treated with Ranibizumab in a Real-Life Setting.
    J Ophthalmol 2018 18;2018:4610129. Epub 2018 Apr 18.
    Ophthalmology Department, Avicenne Hospital, DHU Vision and Handicaps, APHP, Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France.
    Purpose: To assess real-life efficacy of ranibizumab and treatment compliance of patients with vision loss secondary to diabetic macular edema (DME).

    Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in DME patients treated with ranibizumab. Patients were monitored every 4 weeks for visual acuity (VA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) by SD-OCT. Read More
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    Comparison of Intravitreal Aflibercept and Ranibizumab following Initial Treatment with Ranibizumab in Persistent Diabetic Macular Edema.
    J Ophthalmol 2018 19;2018:4171628. Epub 2018 Apr 19.
    Beyoglu Eye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
    Purpose: To compare the visual and anatomic outcomes in patients with persistent diabetic macular edema (DME) who switched from ranibizumab to aflibercept with those who continued with previous ranibizumab therapy.

    Methods: In this retrospective comparative study, medical records of consecutive patients with center-involved DME ≥ 350 m who had at least three recent consecutive monthly ranibizumab injections followed by as-needed therapy with either aflibercept or ranibizumab were reviewed. Data were collected at presentation (preinjection), at the intermediary visit, and at the last visit (at the end of the follow-up period). Read More
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    Comparison of the Effect of Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant in Vitrectomized and Nonvitrectomized Eyes for the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema.
    J Ophthalmol 2018 22;2018:1757494. Epub 2018 Apr 22.
    Retina Eye Hospital, Bursa, Turkey.
    Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of sustained-release dexamethasone (DEX) intravitreal implant in nonvitrectomized eyes and vitrectomized eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME).

    Methods: A retrospective review of the medical records of 40 eyes of 30 consecutive patients with diabetic macular edema who underwent intravitreal DEX implant injection. Patients were divided into 2 subgroups: 31 eyes that were nonvitrectomized (group 1) and 9 eyes that had previously undergone standard pars plana vitrectomy (group 2). Read More
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    A CCR2/5 Inhibitor, PF-04634817, Is Inferior to Monthly Ranibizumab in the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema.
    Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 May;59(6):2659-2669
    Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.
    Purpose: Ligands for the proinflammatory C-C chemokine receptor types 2 and 5 (CCR2 and CCR5) are elevated in the eyes of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). We evaluated the efficacy and safety of PF-04634817, an oral CCR2/5 dual antagonist, versus intravitreal ranibizumab, in adult subjects with DME.

    Methods: In this phase II, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-masked study, eligible subjects (≥18 years of age) had type 1 or 2 diabetes and DME with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/32 or worse (letter score ≤ 78), and up to 20/320 or better (≥24 letter score), in the study eye. Read More
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    Serological inflammatory factors as biomarkers for anatomic response in diabetic macular edema treated with anti-VEGF.
    J Diabetes Complications 2018 May 11. Epub 2018 May 11.
    Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitario de Coimbra (CHUC), Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (FMUC-IBILI), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal.
    Purpose: To study the relationship between systemic pro-inflammatory factors and macular structural response to intravitreal bevacizumab for diabetic macular edema (DME).

    Methods: Prospective study including 30 cases with DME, treated with bevacizumab and a minimum follow-up of 6 months. All cases underwent baseline laboratory testing for cardiovascular risk (high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), homocystein), dyslipidemia, renal dysfunction and glucose control. Read More
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    Association Between Vessel Density and Visual Acuity in Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy and Poorly Controlled Type 1 Diabetes.
    JAMA Ophthalmol 2018 May 10. Epub 2018 May 10.
    Department of Ophthalmology, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
    Importance: Capillary dropout is a hallmark of diabetic retinopathy, but its role in visual loss remains unclear.

    Objective: To examine how macular vessel density is correlated with visual acuity (VA) in patients younger than 40 years who have type 1 diabetes without macular edema but who have diabetic retinopathy requiring panretinal photocoagulation.

    Design, Settings, And Participants: Retrospective cohort study of VA and optical coherence tomography angiography data collected from consecutive patients during a single visit to Lariboisière Hospital, a tertiary referral center in Paris, France. Read More
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    Lipid-lowering medication is associated with decreased risk of diabetic retinopathy and the need for treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes: A real-world observational analysis of a health claims database.
    Diabetes Obes Metab 2018 May 22. Epub 2018 May 22.
    Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
    Aims: Fenofibrate and statins reduced the need for diabetic retinopathy (DR)-related treatment in clinical trials. We aimed to determine whether use of lipid-lowering medication reduces the risk of DR and the need for treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes using a real-world health claims database.

    Methods: This was an observational analysis using a nation-wide health claims database of the Japan Medical Data Center (JMDC). Read More
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    Impact of Baseline Central Retinal Thickness on Outcomes in the VIVID-DME and VISTA-DME Studies.
    J Ophthalmol 2018 29;2018:3640135. Epub 2018 Mar 29.
    Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
    Purpose: To report the impact of baseline central retinal thickness (CRT) on outcomes in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) in VIVID-DME and VISTA-DME.

    Methods: Post hoc analyses of two randomized controlled trials in which 862 DME patients were randomized 1 : 1 : 1 to treatment with intravitreal aflibercept 2.0 mg every 4 weeks (2q4), intravitreal aflibercept 2. Read More
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    A meta-analysis of the effect of a dexamethasone intravitreal implant versus intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment for diabetic macular edema.
    BMC Ophthalmol 2018 May 21;18(1):121. Epub 2018 May 21.
    Department of Retina, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, 251 Fukang Road, Tianjin, 300384, China.
    Background: This meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness and safety of dexamethasone (DEX) implant and intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME).

    Methods: The PubMed, Embase, clinicaltrials.gov website and Cochrane Library databases were comprehensively searched for studies comparing DEX implant with anti-VEGF in patients with DME. Read More
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    The Relationship of Retinal Vessel Geometric Characteristics to the Incidence and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy.
    Ophthalmology 2018 May 17. Epub 2018 May 17.
    Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
    Purpose: To examine the relationships of retinal vessel geometric characteristics (RVGCs) to the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

    Design: Observational, prospective cohort study.

    Participants: Nine hundred ninety-six persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and 1370 persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) seen at a baseline examination who were eligible for follow-up examinations at subsequent 5-year intervals. Read More
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    Guidelines on Diabetic Eye Care: The International Council of Ophthalmology Recommendations for Screening, Follow-up, Referral, and Treatment Based on Resource Settings.
    Ophthalmology 2018 May 24. Epub 2018 May 24.
    Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
    Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global epidemic and affects populations in both developing and developed countries, with differing health care and resource levels. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of DM and a leading cause of vision loss in working middle-aged adults. Vision loss from DR can be prevented with broad-level public health strategies, but these need to be tailored to a country's and population's resource setting. Read More
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    [Anti-VEGF therapy for diabetic macular edema. From theory to clinical practice].
    Vestn Oftalmol 2018 ;134(2):12-22
    Novosibirsk State Regional Clinical Hospital, 130 Nemirovicha-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630008; Novosibirsk State Region University, 52 Krasny Prospect, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630091.
    Purpose: To evaluate clinical effectiveness of aflibercept therapy for patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) - both naïve to the drug and unresponsive to previous anti-VEGF treatment.

    Material And Methods: The study included 127 patients (127 eyes) divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 100 primary DME patients (100 eyes) with mean age of 68. Read More
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    MACULAR HOLE FORMATION FOLLOWED BY SPONTANEOUS CLOSURE AFTER PNEUMATIC RETINOPEXY IN A PATIENT WITH DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA.
    Retin Cases Brief Rep 2018 May 10. Epub 2018 May 10.
    Retina Service at the New England Eye Center, Tufts University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
    Purpose: To report early formation and spontaneous closure of a full-thickness macular hole that developed after successful pneumatic retinopexy in a patient who had been undergoing treatment for diabetic macular edema.

    Methods: Case report of a 68-year-old man with bilateral nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy who was currently undergoing anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment for bilateral diabetic macular edema.

    Results: On presentation, visual acuity was 20/200 in the left eye, and examination revealed a bullous, macula-off retinal detachment with a single horseshoe tear at 12 o'clock in the left eye. Read More
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    Effects of kallidinogenase in patients undergoing vitrectomy for diabetic macular edema.
    Int Ophthalmol 2018 May 12. Epub 2018 May 12.
    Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
    Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of vitrectomy with kallidinogenase for diabetic macular edema (DME).

    Methods: This study was designed as a prospective, randomized, multicenter study comparing 19 eyes of 19 patients who received 150 units of kallidinogenase administered a day for 52 weeks from the day after vitrectomy (study group) with 20 eyes of 20 patients who received no kallidinogenase (control group). The main outcome measurements included logMAR visual acuity and central foveal thickness (CFT) before surgery and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after vitrectomy. Read More
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    Efficacy of Ranibizumab in Eyes with Diabetic Macular Edema and Macular Nonperfusion in RIDE and RISE.
    Ophthalmology 2018 May 8. Epub 2018 May 8.
    New England Eye Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
    Purpose: To determine whether there are baseline characteristics that distinguish patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) with coexisting macular nonperfusion (MNP) at baseline and assess these patients' potential to achieve favorable visual acuity (VA), anatomic, and diabetic retinopathy (DR) outcomes over 24 months.

    Design: Post hoc analysis of RIDE/RISE, 2 phase 3, parallel, randomized, multicenter, double-masked trials (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00473382; NCT00473330). Read More
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    Prevalence and clinical characteristics of dry eye disease in community-based type 2 diabetic patients: the Beixinjing eye study.
    BMC Ophthalmol 2018 May 10;18(1):117. Epub 2018 May 10.
    Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China.
    Background: This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of dry eye disease (DED) in community-based type 2 diabetic patients and to identify the associated factors related with DED.

    Methods: A total of 1360 type 2 diabetic patients in the Beixinjing community were randomly selected. All participants were given a questionnaire that assessed basic information and subjective symptoms. Read More
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    Cytomegalovirus retinitis, in a diabetic immunocompetent patient, after intravitreal ranibizumab injection.
    Eur J Ophthalmol 2018 May 1:1120672118772525. Epub 2018 May 1.
    1 University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
    We here report a case of cytomegalovirus retinitis in a diabetic patient that occurred after intravitreal ranibizumab injection. A 75-year-old woman was treated with intravitreal ranibizumab injections for diabetic macular edema. During this period, a retinitis occurred in her left eye along with increased IgG and later IgM cytomegalovirus antibody titers. Read More
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    Metamorphopsia Score and Central Visual Field Outcomes in Diabetic Cystoid Macular Edema.
    Biomed Res Int 2018 18;2018:4954532. Epub 2018 Mar 18.
    Department of General Ophthalmology, Medical University, Lublin, Poland.
    Aim: To detect abnormality of the visual function in naïve patients with cystoid diabetic macular edema (DME) using M-charts, Amsler test, and white on white (W/W) and blue on yellow (B/Y) perimetry.

    Methods: There were 64 eyes included in the study: 30 eyes with DME, 22 eyes with diabetes without DME, and 12 eyes of normal subjects. Conventional W/W perimetry and B/Y perimetry were performed within the central 10° of the visual field. Read More
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    Genome-wide association studies for diabetic macular edema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
    BMC Med Genet 2018 May 8;19(1):71. Epub 2018 May 8.
    Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
    Background: Diabetic macular edema (DME) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) are sight-threatening complications of diabetes mellitus and leading causes of adult-onset blindness worldwide. Genetic risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) have been described previously, but have been difficult to replicate between studies, which have often used composite phenotypes and been conducted in different populations. This study aims to identify genetic risk factors for DME and PDR as separate complications in Australians of European descent with type 2 diabetes. Read More
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    Shall we stay, or shall we switch? Continued anti-VEGF therapy versus early switch to dexamethasone implant in refractory diabetic macular edema.
    Acta Diabetol 2018 May 5. Epub 2018 May 5.
    Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr. 10-14, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
    Aims: To compare functional and anatomical outcomes of continued anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy versus dexamethasone (DEX) implant in eyes with refractory diabetic macular edema (DME) after three initial anti-VEGF injections in a real-world setting.

    Methods: To be included in this retrospective multicenter, case-control study, eyes were required: (1) to present with early refractory DME, as defined by visual acuity (VA) gain ≤ 5 letters or reduction in central subfield thickness (CST) ≤ 20%, after a loading phase of anti-VEGF therapy (three monthly injections) and (2) to treat further with (a) anti-VEGF therapy or (b) DEX implant. Main outcome measures were change in visual acuity (VA) and central subfield thickness (CST) at 12 months. Read More
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    Direct Photocoagulation Guided by Merged Retinal Images for the Treatment of Focal Diabetic Macular Edema.
    Int J Endocrinol 2018 12;2018:2401094. Epub 2018 Mar 12.
    Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui-ken 910-1193, Japan.
    Purpose: To introduce a novel laser photocoagulation (PC) protocol named merged image-guided PC (MIG-PC), which included merging the images of the fundus, optical coherence tomography (OCT) map, and fluorescein angiography (FA). We compared the anatomical and functional results between MIG-PC and FA-guided PC (FG-PC) for the treatment of focal diabetic macular edema (DME).

    Method: We examined the treatment outcomes in 27 consecutive eyes treated with MIG-PC compared with 28 matched eyes treated with FG-PC. Read More
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    Intravitreal Injection of Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents for Ocular Vascular Diseases: Clinical Practice Guideline.
    J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2018 Apr-Jun;13(2):158-169
    Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
    Purpose: To provide the clinical recommendations for the administration of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs especially bavacizumab for ocular vascular diseases including diabetic macular edema, neovascular age-related macular degeneration, myopic choroidal neovascularization, retinal vein occlusion and central serous chorioretinopathy.

    Methods: Twenty clinical questions were developed by the guideline technical committee. Relevant websites and databases were searched to find out the pertinent clinical practice guidelines to answer the questions. Read More
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    Quantitative Analysis of Macular Thickness following Open Globe Injury in Subjects with Clear Media and no Retinal Damage.
    J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2018 Apr-Jun;13(2):149-152
    Department of Ophthalmology, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
    Purpose: To evaluate the change in macular thickness after open globe injury (OGI) in patients with clear media and without retinal damage using optical coherence tomography (OCT).

    Methods: In this longitudinal observational pilot study, 17 patients with clear media and without retinal damage who underwent repair of OGI for corneal, corneoscleral, or scleral laceration were studied. In addition to routine follow-up, all patients were examined at the first and third postoperative months and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit-lamp examination, applanation tonometry, dilated fundus examinations, and macular OCT scans were documented. Read More
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    Risk factors for requirement of filtration surgery after vitrectomy in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
    Clin Ophthalmol 2018 16;12:733-738. Epub 2018 Apr 16.
    Department of Ophthalmology, Sakura Medical Center of Toho University, Shimoshizu, Sakura, Japan.
    Purpose: We retrospectively reviewed patients with postoperative neovascular glaucoma (NVG) after vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy to investigate how variables assessed before, during, and after vitrectomy are associated with the requirement for filtration surgery.

    Patients And Methods: The subjects in this retrospective, observational, comparative study were 55 consecutive patients (61 eyes) who underwent vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy at Toho University Sakura Medical Center between December 2011 and November 2016, were followed up for at least 6 months after surgery, and developed NVG within 2 years after surgery. They comprised 44 men and 11 women of mean age 52. Read More
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    Ischemic Retinal Vein Occlusion: characterizing the more severe spectrum of retinal vein occlusion.
    Surv Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 26. Epub 2018 Apr 26.
    Wellcome-Wolfson Center for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast. Electronic address:
    Retinal vein occlusion (RVO), including central (CRVO), branch (BRVO) and hemicentral and hemispheric RVO, is the second most common vascular cause of visual loss, surpassed only by diabetic retinopathy. The presence and extent of retinal ischemia in RVO is associated with a worse prognosis. On this basis, most previously conducted studies considered iRVO and non-iRVO as separate entities based on set thresholds of existing retinal ischemia, as determined by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA). Read More
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    Microaneurysm turnover is a predictor of diabetic retinopathy progression.
    Br J Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 26. Epub 2018 Apr 26.
    Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal
    Aim: To analyse retinopathy phenotypes and microaneurysm (MA) turnover in mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) as predictors of progression to diabetic central-involved macular oedema (CIMO) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in two different ethnic populations.

    Methods: 205 patients with type 2 DM and mild NPDR were followed in a prospective observational study for 2 years or until development of CIMO, in two centres from different regions of the world. Ophthalmological examinations, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus photography with RetmarkerDR analysis, and optical coherence tomography (OCT), were performed at baseline and 6 12 and 24 months. Read More
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