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J Diabetes Res 2022 20;2022:1897344. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Department of Ophthalmology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: To determine the associations between aqueous humor cytokine levels and the severity of diabetic retinopathy and the prior panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) status of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: We divided 98 DME patients into those with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and PRP patients. We compared the concentrations of interleukin- (IL-) 1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-17; placental growth factor (PlGF); and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the aqueous humors. Read More

Turk J Ophthalmol 2022 Jun;52(3):179-185

Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara, Turkey.

Objectives: To analyze the current preferences of ophthalmologists for the treatment of macular edema and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to evaluate off-label use of bevacizumab in Turkey.

Materials And Methods: All members of the Turkish Ophthalmological Association were contacted by e-mail to complete an anonymous, 47-question internet-based survey. The second part of the survey (questions 36-47) was evaluated. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2022 Jun 29;22(1):287. Epub 2022 Jun 29.

Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, 31516, Egypt.

Background: Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of visual loss in diabetic patients and is managed using multiple anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents such as bevacizumab, ranibizumab and aflibercept. The present study evaluates effectiveness of intravitreal injection of ziv-aflibercept in resistant diabetic macular edema.

Methods: This is a prospective interventional study that was carried out on 59 eyes of 40 diabetic patients with diabetic macular edema resistant to three prior consecutive ranibizumab injections. Read More

Interdiscip Sci 2022 Jun 29. Epub 2022 Jun 29.

School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Diabetic retinopathy occurs due to damage to the blood vessels in the retina, and it is a major health problem in recent years that progresses slowly without recognizable symptoms. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a popular and widely used noninvasive imaging modality for the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. Accurate and early diagnosis of this disease using OCT images is crucial for the prevention of blindness. Read More

Cesk Slov Oftalmol 2022 ;78(3):144-148

Introduction: Ozurdex® (Allergan Pharmaceuticals, Castlebar Road, Westport, Ireland) is an intravitreal implant containing 0.7 mg of dexamethasone. It is indicated in adult patients for the treatment of diabetic macular edema, cystoid macular edema due to central retinal vein occlusion, and in patients with non-infectious uveitis. Read More

Health Inf Sci Syst 2022 Dec 21;10(1):13. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab India.

Over the past few decades, health care industries and medical practitioners faced a lot of obstacles to diagnosing medical-related problems due to inadequate technology and availability of equipment. In the present era, computer science technologies such as IoT, Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence and its allied techniques, etc. play a crucial role in the identification of medical diseases, especially in the domain of Ophthalmology. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 9;9:852022. Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.

Purpose: To identify optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers that may predict functional and anatomical outcomes in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients treated with intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implant.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-four eyes from 50 patients with DME were enrolled. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and OCT biomarkers including central retinal thickness (CRT), subretinal fluid (SRF), intraretinal cysts (IRC), ellipsoid zone disruption (EZD), disorganization of retinal inner layers (DRIL), hard exudate (HE), hyperreflective foci (HRF), epiretinal membrane (ERM), and vitreomacular interface (VMI) changes were evaluated at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment. Read More

EClinicalMedicine 2022 Jul 20;49:101463. Epub 2022 May 20.

Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Background: Diabetes significantly increases the risk of postoperative macular edema (PME) after cataract surgery, leading to potential worst post-operative outcomes. This study aims to compare the effect of different prophylactic interventions in improving postoperative anatomic and visual acuity outcomes of diabetes patients who underwent cataract surgery.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science databases from inception until February 2nd, 2022, for studies including studies reporting PME events and/or best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) outcomes. Read More

Cells 2022 06 17;11(12). Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Department of Ophthalmology, Harvey and Bernice Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a major ocular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), leading to significant visual impairment. DME's pathogenesis is multifactorial. Focal edema tends to occur when primary metabolic abnormalities lead to a persistent hyperglycemic state, causing the development of microaneurysms, often with extravascular lipoprotein in a circinate pattern around the focal leakage. Read More

Biomedicines 2022 May 29;10(6). Epub 2022 May 29.

Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155, Sec-2, Li Nong Street, Taipei 112304, Taiwan.

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a highly common cause of vision loss in patients with diabetes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is crucial in classifying DME and tracking the results of DME treatment. The presence of intraretinal cystoid fluid (IRC) and subretinal fluid (SRF) and the disruption of the ellipsoid zone (EZ), which is part of the photoreceptor layer, are three crucial factors affecting the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Read More

Acta Diabetol 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 54 South Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060, China.

Aims: The aim of the study was to construct and validate a risk nomogram for clinically significant macular edema (CSME) prediction in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients using systemic variables.

Methods: In this retrospective study, DM inpatients who underwent routine diabetic retinopathy screening were recruited and divided into training and validation sets according to their admission date. Ninety-three demographic and systemic variables were collected. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Jun 23;12(1):10672. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.

To compare the efficacy and safety of intravitreal aflibercept with three loading doses + pro re nata regimen combined with subthreshold laser application to that of IVA monotherapy on eyes with diabetic macular edema. This was a phase 4 clinical trial with a prospective, randomized, and parallel investigator-driven protocol. Patients with DME were randomly assigned to the IVA monotherapy group (n = 25) or the IVA + SL combination therapy group (n = 26). Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2022 Jun 23. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of Ophthalmology, Akdeniz University Medical Faculty, Antalya, Turkey.

Purpose: Analysis of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) width and vascular density (VD) changes before and after intravitreal dexamethasone implant (IDI) treatment in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients resistant to anti-VEGF treatment.

Methods: In this retrospective study, patients who were regularly treated with at least 5 doses of intravitreal Anti-VEGF (bevacizumab, ranibizumab or aflibercept) for DME and whose DME continued were considered resistant to Anti-VEGF and were treated with IDI for the first time. Thirty-four eyes of 34 patients were included in the study. Read More

Acta Clin Croat 2021 Dec;60(4):602-608

1Eye Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Novo mesto General Hospital, Novo mesto, Slovenia.

The aim was to evaluate visual outcomes of the real-life usage of dexamethasone (DEX) implants in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients and evaluate the possible additional visual acuity (VA) gain with combined treatment. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of DME patients treated with DEX implants. The mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and mean central retinal thickness (CRT) at baseline and one year were compared. Read More

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2022 May;17(3):235-243

Consultant Ophthalmologist, Department of Ophthalmologist, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Cheltenham, UK.

Introduction: In 2002, Diabetic Retinopathy was reported as the leading cause of blindness in the working age group. The introduction of systematic screening programs in the UK has reduced visual loss and blindness due to diabetic retinopathy, but it does still occur with catastrophic consequences for the individual.

Areas Covered: The author conducted an ongoing search for articles relating to diabetic retinopathy since 2000 utilizing Zetoc Alert with keywords and contents page lists from relevant journals. Read More

Aging (Albany NY) 2022 Jun 20;14(undefined). Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Department of Ophthalmology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.

We utilized the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database which was stemmed from the Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database to conduct a retrospective cohort study investigating the risk of becoming dialysis dependent after receiving intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents for retinal diseases. Patients newly receiving intravitreal ranibizumab or aflibercept from 2000 to 2017 for age-related macular degeneration, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, diabetic macular edema, retinal vein occlusions, or myopic choroid neovascularization were included as the study group, and patients with same retinal diseases but did not receive intravitreal anti-VEGFs served as controls extracted by age- and sex-matched (1:4) and further propensity score matching (PSM). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the risk of dialysis. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 1;13:831909. Epub 2022 Jun 1.

Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and retinal microstructural parameters detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in diabetic retinopathy macular edema (DRME).

Methods: Thirty-nine patients (64 eyes) with DRME were enrolled in this study. These patients underwent OCT to measure the fracture distance of the external limiting membrane (ELM), junction between the inner and outer segments (IS/OS), central foveal thickness (CFT), and edema layer. Read More

Phys Med Biol 2022 Jun 16. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200235, CHINA.

The shape and structure of retinal layers are basic characteristics for the diagnosis of many ophthalmological diseases. Based on B-Scans of optical coherence tomography (OCT), most of retinal layer segmentation methods are composed of twosteps: classifying pixels and extracting retinal layers, in which the optimization of two independent steps decreases the accuracy. Although the methods based on deep learning are highly accurate, they require a large amount of labeled data. Read More

ACS Med Chem Lett 2022 Jun 13;13(6):883-884. Epub 2022 May 13.

Smith, Gambrell & Russell LLP, 1105 West Peachtree Street NE, Suite 1000, Atlanta, Georgia 30309, United States.

Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed) 2022 May;69(5):322-330

Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Complejo hospitalario de Navarra, Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.

Aim: To determine the association and the prognostic value of soluble ST2 (sST2) levels in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic macular oedema (DMO) or diabetic nephropathy (DN), in a cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: A total of 269 individuals with T1D (154 males and 115 females) were recruited. The overall mean age was 43. Read More

Ophthalmic Res 2022 Jun 13. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Introduction: To describe the hyperreflective foci (HRF) on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in diabetic macular edema (DME) with subretinal fluid (SRF) and explore the association of HRF in the outer retina with photoreceptor integrity and visual outcomes after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 46 eyes (36 patients) with DME treated with anti-VEGF drugs. The following parameters, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), the height of subretinal fluid (SRF), the number of HRF in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and the outer retina, as well as the integrity of external limiting membrane (ELM) and ellipsoid zone (EZ), were evaluated and compared between the baseline and after 2 monthly injections of anti-VEGF drugs. Read More

Comput Intell Neurosci 2022 3;2022:7887908. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

School of Computer Science, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, India.

Microvascular problems of diabetes, such as diabetic retinopathy and macular edema, can be seen in the eye's retina, and the retinal images are being used to screen for and diagnose the illness manually. Using deep learning to automate this time-consuming process might be quite beneficial. In this paper, a deep neural network, i. Read More

Diabetol Int 2022 Jul 25;13(3):575-579. Epub 2022 Jan 25.

Advanced Medical Care Center, Omi Medical Center, Kusatsu, 525-8585 Japan.

We describe the multimodal management of a patient with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema associated with active acromegaly. A 61-year-old Japanese female who had had type 2 diabetic mellitus for > 10 years complained of deteriorated eyesight. She had distinct acromegalic features, and her visual acuity was 0. Read More

J Diabetes Complications 2022 Jul 7;36(7):108228. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Sakarya University Education and Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Sakarya, Turkey.

Endocr Connect 2022 Jun 1. Epub 2022 Jun 1.

J Yang, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital,, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Aims: We determined the association between thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and diabetic macular edema (DME) by assessing the prevalence and risk factors for DME in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with different thyroid dysfunctions.

Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study including 1003 euthyroid and 92 subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) T2DM patients. DME status was detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2022 Jun 9;22(1):258. Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 21, 90029, Oulu, OYS, Finland.

Background: The treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME) has revolutionized during the last 15 years after the introduction of intravitreal anti-VEGF agents. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the real-world visual outcomes of diabetic macular edema (DME) treatment in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in long-term follow-up.

Methods: A real-world, descriptive, population-based cohort and follow-up of all patients with T1D and DME in 2006-2020 in 34 communities of the Northern Ostrobothnia Hospital District. Read More

J Ophthalmol 2022 30;2022:6831396. Epub 2022 May 30.

Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Objective: To characterize results of short-wavelength autofluorescent (SW-AF) and near-infrared confocal reflectance scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (NIR-cR SLO) imaging in cystic diabetic macular edema (DME).

Design: Cross-sectional study. Participants: 104 eyes from 52 naïve treatment patients with DME and mild to moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) Methods: complete ocular examination, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and imaging were performed. Read More

Int J Retina Vitreous 2022 Jun 7;8(1):33. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Department of Ophthalmology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel-Aviv, Israel Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

Tertiary outpatient ophthalmology clinics are high-risk environments for COVID-19 transmission, especially retina clinics, where regular follow-up is needed for elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. Intravitreal injection therapy (IVT) for chronic macular diseases, is one of the most common procedures performed, associated with a significant burden of care because of the vigorous treatment regimen associated with multiple investigations. While minimizing the risk of COVID-19 infection transmission is a priority, this must be balanced against the continued provision of sight-saving ophthalmic care to patients at risk of permanent vision loss. Read More

Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022 Jun;11(6)

Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.

Purpose: To develop a microvolume analytical method for measurement of the aflibercept concentration in human intraocular fluid and plasma.

Methods: We analyzed trace amounts of aflibercept in human aqueous humor using Fab-selective proteolysis and nano-surface and molecular-orientation limited (nSMOL) proteolysis, coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Patients with age-related macular degeneration or diabetic macular edema were recruited. Read More

J Diabetes Res 2022 28;2022:4663221. Epub 2022 May 28.

Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.

Purpose: To identify the causes and risk factors of repeated hospitalization among patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: Our study retrospectively examined the data of DR patients who were readmitted for treatments to the Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital between January 2012 and July 2021. We first analyzed the main causes of repeated admissions and then divided the patients into three groups according to the times of readmissions. Read More