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Cancers (Basel) 2022 Jun 14;14(12). Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan.

Novel insights into Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) pathogenicity were presented at the "19th International Symposium on Epstein-Barr Virus and Associated Diseases" in Asahikawa, Japan. In addition, basic and translational findings on EBV-associated tumors, including natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, gastric cancer, and nasopharyngeal cancer, were presented by an international group of scientists and clinicians. Read More

Leuk Lymphoma 2022 Jun 14:1-10. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Eye Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Compared to Asian and Latin American populations, sinonasal NK- or T-cell lymphoma is rare in Europe. All patients with sinonasal NK- or T-cell lymphoma in Denmark from 1980 to 2017 were validated histologically, and the disease behavior and demographics were extracted from medical records and national registries. Prognostic factors associated with mortality were determined using survival statistics. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 16;14(4):e24177. Epub 2022 Apr 16.

Department of Head and Neck Surgery-Otolaryngology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, JPN.

Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKL) primarily involves the nasal cavity. Although patients might visit an otorhinolaryngologist with nasal symptoms, such as nasal obstruction and epistaxis, it would be difficult to make a diagnosis correctly. We present a case of ENKL in which the patient had been in remission after initial treatment and relapsed 14 years after treatment. Read More

Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022 Mar 2;75:103419. Epub 2022 Mar 2.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.

We described a 56-year-old Indonesian man with one-month history of nasal obstruction and rapidly increasing nasal swelling and two weeks history of severe facial pain with foul smelling discharge, bleeding and noticing live maggots emerging from his nasal and oral cavity. On examination, he appeared cachexic with a markedly swollen, erythematous and deformed external nose. Live maggots, pus and necrotic tissues were found in both nasal cavities, with erosion of upper gingiva and hard palate. Read More

Front Immunol 2022 17;13:829366. Epub 2022 Mar 17.

Department of Hematology, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Objective: Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is an aggressive EBV-related lymphoma, originating from NK cells or T cells. Previous study demonstrated that CD56 negative NKTCL should be recognized as a distinct subtype. In this study, the value of CD56 in NKTCL is validated in the era of asparaginase, and genomic analysis was done to dissect the differences between CD56-negative and positive NKTCL. Read More

Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2022 22;2022:4936099. Epub 2022 Feb 22.

Department of Pathology, The Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, No. 789 Suzhou Dongjie, Urumqi, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, 830011, China.

Statistical reports on non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the head and neck combining clinical medicine with pathology are rare. To provide a basis for prognosis prediction and individualized treatment, we will investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of lymphoma in the head and neck region. Four hundred sixty-one patients with NHL in the head and neck region diagnosed through histological biopsy were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2022 Jan 5:11206721211070930. Epub 2022 Jan 5.

598329Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Background: To report a rare case of nasal natural killer/T (NK/T) cell lymphoma with bilateral intraocular and lung metastasis and to further describe the clinical features of intraocular manifestations.

Case Presentation: A 54-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of left nasal congestion, and bilateral vision impairment of one week duration. Subsequent maxillary computed tomography (CT) and multiple biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma. Read More

BMC Cancer 2021 Dec 6;21(1):1303. Epub 2021 Dec 6.

Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Background: There is no unified treatment standard for patients with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL). Cancer neoantigens are the result of somatic mutations and cancer-specific. Increased number of somatic mutations are associated with anti-cancer effects. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Nov 11;14(11). Epub 2021 Nov 11.

Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

Infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been linked to approximately 10%-15% of lymphomas diagnosed in the USA, including a small percentage of Natural Killer (NK)/T cell lymphomas, which are clinically aggressive, respond poorly to chemotherapy and have a shorter survival. Here, we present a case of a patient found to have EBV-induced NK/T cell lymphoma from a chronic EBV infection. While the EBV most commonly infects B cells, it can infect NK/T cells, and it is important for the clinician to be aware of the potential transformation to lymphoma as it is clinically aggressive, warranting early recognition and treatment. Read More

Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2021 Nov;50(11):1240-1245

Department of Pathology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Beijing 100730, China.

To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and prognostic factors of SMARCB1 (INI1)-deficient sinonasal carcinoma (SDSC). Sixteen cases of SDSC diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Beijing Tongren Hospital from January 2016 to September 2020 were enrolled. Ninety-nine cases of small round cell malignant tumors of the head and neck were selected as the control, including poorly-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (10), poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma (5), undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC, 4), NUT carcinoma (5), neuroendocrine carcinoma (10), and other non-epithelial tumors [olfactory neuroblastoma (10), rhabdomyosarcoma (10), NK/T-cell lymphoma (10), malignant melanoma (10), Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (EWS/PNET, 5)] and non-keratinizing undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (20). Read More

Radiat Oncol 2021 Jul 21;16(1):134. Epub 2021 Jul 21.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China.

Background: Both patient-specific dose recalculation and γ passing rate analysis are important for the quality assurance (QA) of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans. The aim of this study was to analyse the correlation between the γ passing rates and the volumes of air cavities (V) and bony structures (V) in target volume of head and neck cancer.

Methods: Twenty nasopharyngeal carcinoma and twenty nasal natural killer T-cell lymphoma patients were enrolled in this study. Read More

Microorganisms 2021 Jun 25;9(7). Epub 2021 Jun 25.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan.

Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL-NT) has some salient aspects. The lymphoma is commonly seen in Eastern Asia, has progressive necrotic lesions in the nasal cavity, makes midfacial destructive lesions, and shows poor prognosis. The lymphoma cell is originated from either NK- or γδ T-cells, which express CD56. Read More

J Oral Pathol Med 2021 Jul 30;50(6):603-612. Epub 2021 Jun 30.

Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Background: Lymphomas in the oral and oropharyngeal regions are relatively uncommon, and their diagnosis is challenging and complex due to the myriad histopathological subtypes. Herein, we report a large series of oral and oropharyngeal lymphomas and compare our data with the currently available literature.

Methods: All cases diagnosed as lymphomas affecting the oral and oropharyngeal regions were retrospectively retrieved from seven Brazilian institutions. Read More

J Oral Pathol Med 2021 Jul 29;50(6):548-557. Epub 2021 Jun 29.

Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Background: The diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial mature T/NK-cell neoplasms is challenging because of their rarity, morphological heterogeneity and complex immunophenotype with scarce available data describing their clinical and microscopic aspects. Therefore, in this study, we investigated a series of mature T/NK-cell neoplasms affecting this anatomical region and provided an updated literature review.

Methods: Cases diagnosed as mature T/NK-cell lymphomas affecting the oral and maxillofacial region were retrospectively retrieved from six pathology files and their diagnoses were confirmed using haematoxylin and eosin-stained slides, immunohistochemical reactions and in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) detection. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Apr 1;14(4). Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Otolaryngology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Nasal-type extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. It has features similar to other granulomatous and infectious diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses, which can make diagnosis challenging and delayed. We present a case of 38-year-old man who was admitted to the hospital on three occasions over a 3-month period for right periorbital erythema, nasal congestion and discharge. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Mar 24;14(3). Epub 2021 Mar 24.

Department of Otolaryngology/ Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Republic of Ireland.

Nasal-type Natural Killer/T-cell Lymphoma (NKTL) is a rare form of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, typically arising in the nasopharynx and displaying an aggressive and ultimately fatal clinical course. The disease is linked to Epstein-Barr virus infection and is endemic to Asia and South America, but extremely few cases have been reported in Europe. We present two cases of nasal NKTL unexpectedly diagnosed in elderly patients, following very different presentations to our otolaryngology service. Read More

Head Neck Pathol 2021 Mar 15;15(1):120-129. Epub 2021 Mar 15.

Department of Pathology, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, 5601 De Soto Avenue, Woodland Hills, CA, 91365, USA.

Fibroinflammatory lesions of the sinonasal tract are one of the most common head and neck lesions submitted to surgical pathology. When the fibroinflammatory pattern represents the lesion (i.e. Read More

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021 05 8;60(20):11158-11162. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry Chair II, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.

The folding and export of proteins and hydrolysis of unfolded proteins are disbalanced in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of cancer cells, leading to so-called ER stress. Agents further augmenting this effect are used as anticancer drugs including clinically approved proteasome inhibitors bortezomib and carfilzomib. However, these drugs can affect normal cells, which also rely strongly on ER functions, leading, for example, to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 01 29;14(1). Epub 2021 Jan 29.

Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia, Porto, Portugal.

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2020 May-Aug;24(2):322-326. Epub 2020 Sep 9.

Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Lymphomas are solid tumors of the immune system and include 14% of all head and neck malignancies. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders originating in B-, T-, or natural killer T-cells. They have a wide range of histological appearances and clinical features at presentation, which can make diagnosis difficult. Read More

Theranostics 2021 1;11(2):925-940. Epub 2021 Jan 1.

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China.

Asparaginase (ASP) is the cornerstone drug in the treatment of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL), and the mechanisms of resistance to ASP remain largely unknown. Long non-coding RNAs play important roles in chemotherapy resistance in various cancers. However, the expression of BCYRN1 and its role in ENKTCL still remain unidentified. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2021 Jan 26;21(1):91. Epub 2020 Nov 26.

Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania.

Natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphomas represent a rare type of lymphoid malignancy with mostly extranodal involvement, having NK cell or (rare) T cell lineage, classified by the World Health Organization into several subtypes which can involve the head and neck region, with the most frequent one being the nasal type. This article presents the case of a 31-year-old patient who presented at the Emergency Unit of Saint Andrew Emergency Clinical Hospital of Galati suffering from mycosis fungoides-like cutaneous lesions, associated with partial left eyelid ptosis of unknown etiology, as well as a poor health status with fever and respiratory failure. The final diagnosis was NK/T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, possibly nasal type with medium sized T cells. Read More

Leuk Lymphoma 2021 03 15;62(3):727-730. Epub 2020 Oct 15.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.

Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021 02 5;18(2):187-203. Epub 2020 Oct 5.

Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

Introduction: Platinum chemotherapy is widely used in first-line treatment of patients with various cancers. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have shown efficacy in several cancers, and the combination of platinum-based chemotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors has gradually become the focus of attention. Recently, the combination therapy has exhibited significant effects in preclinical models and clinical trials. Read More

Ann Hematol 2021 Apr 29;100(4):1101-1104. Epub 2020 Aug 29.

Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.

Case Rep Hematol 2020 23;2020:8845546. Epub 2020 Jul 23.

Integrated Oncology, 5005 S 40th St, Phoenix, AZ 85040, USA.

Extramedullary plasmacytomas (ESPs) are rare forms of plasma cell dyscrasias and usually are seen in the upper aerodigestive tract. ESPs with anaplastic features are extremely rare, and no treatment guidelines exist. We present a 75-year-old gentleman presented with left nasal blockage, and on examination, a polypoid left nasal mass was seen. Read More

Cancer Treat Rev 2020 Sep 2;89:102065. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Department of Hematology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China.

To date, much progress has been made in early-stage extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL), and risk-adapted therapy with radiotherapy (RT) alone for the low-risk group and RT combined with asparaginase-based chemotherapy (CT) for the high-risk group yields favorable outcomes. However, optimal treatment strategies have not been defined yet for advanced-stage ENKTCL. Historically, ENKTCL responded poorly to conventional anthracycline-based chemotherapy probably because of inherent multidrug resistance (MDR). Read More

Head Neck Pathol 2021 Jun 25;15(2):621-627. Epub 2020 Jun 25.

Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Street, 11527, Athens, Goudi, Greece.

T-cell lymphomas are infrequently encountered in the head and neck area, with the most common subtype being Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL-NT). ENKTL-NT shows a predilection for midline facial structures presenting with ulcerative destructive lesions, whereas palatal involvement is one of the most prominent signs from the oral cavity. Herein, we describe a case of a 76-year-old Greek man with nasal obstruction and an extensive painful necrotic ulcer with ragged borders on the left distal portion of the soft palate and palatine tonsil of 4-months duration. Read More

Neuroradiology 2020 Sep 19;62(9):1149-1155. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Department of Radiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.

Purpose: To evaluate whether imaging features on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can differentiate sinonasal extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphomas (ENKTL) from diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

Methods: Consecutively, pathology-proven 59 patients with ENKTL and 27 patients with DLBCL in the sinonasal region were included in this study. Imaging features included tumor side, location, margin, pre-contrast T1 and T2 signal intensity and homogeneity, post-contrast enhancement degree and homogeneity, septal enhancement pattern, internal necrosis, mass effect, and adjacent involvements. Read More

Transl Oncol 2020 May 13;13(5):100770. Epub 2020 Apr 13.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan province, PR China. Electronic address:

Extranodal nasal natural killer (NK)/T cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) is a rare but highly aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Nevertheless, despite extensive research, the estimated 5-year overall survival of affected patients remains low. Therefore, new treatment strategies are needed urgently. Read More