Sex Transm Dis 2017 Sep;44(9):551-556

From the *Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; †Libra Management Group, ‡Division of Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; §The DESA group, Columbia, SC; and ¶Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.

Background: Sustained genital tract inflammation caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is known to increase risk of vaginal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections but, to our knowledge, there are no nonhuman primate studies that have evaluated its link to rectal HIV acquisition.

Methods: Rhesus macaques inoculated with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) (serovars LGV-L2 and CT-E; n = 7) or saline (n = 7) received up to 20 rectal challenges twice a week of simian/HIV immunodeficiency virus (SHIVSF162p3). SHIV viremia was determined by real-time PCR and Chlamydia infection by APTIMA Combo 2 testing. Read More

Sex Transm Dis 2017 Sep;44(9):547-550

From the *Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht; †Public Health Service of Amsterdam, STI Outpatient Clinic, Public Health Laboratory, Department of Infectious Diseases; ‡Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam; and §Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

In contrast to anorectal lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV), few urogenital LGV cases are reported in men who have sex with men. Lymphogranuloma venereum was diagnosed in 0.06% (7/12,174) urine samples, and 0. Read More

Heliyon 2017 Jul 26;3(7):e00364. Epub 2017 Jul 26.

Reference Laboratory of Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal.

Interpreting the intricate bacterial transcriptomics implies understanding the dynamic relationship established between de novo transcription and the degradation of transcripts. Here, we performed a comparative overview of gene expression levels and mRNA decay rates for different-biovar (trachoma and lymphogranuloma venereum) strains of the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. By using RNA-sequencing to measure gene expression levels at mid developmental stage and mRNA decay rates upon rifampicin-based transcription blockage, we observed that: i) 60-70% of the top-50 expressed genes encode proteins with unknown function and proteins involved in "Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis" for all strains; ii) the expression ranking by genes' functional categories was in general concordant among different-biovar strains; iii) the median of the half-life time (t1/2) values of transcripts were 15-17 min, indicating that the degree of transcripts' stability seems to correlate with the bacterial intracellular life-style, as these values are considerably higher than the ones observed in other studies for facultative intracellular and free-living bacteria; iv) transcript decay rates were highly heterogeneous within each C. Read More

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2017 Jul 24. Epub 2017 Jul 24.

Department of Dermatovenereology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Hospital Bulovka, Budinova 2, 180 81, Prague 8, Czech Republic.

We are reporting the first case of lymphogranuloma venereum in women in East-Central Europe. A 22-year-old heterosexual woman attended our department of venereology. She complained about a burning sensation in the urethra and vaginal discharge. Read More

Cas Lek Cesk 2017 ;156(3):117-118

Lymphogranuloma venereum belongs to the sexually transmitted diseases. The disease is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis serotypes L1, L2 and L3. In the beginning of the 21st century there has been observed a large increase in the incidence of this disease in the world. Read More

Sex Transm Infect 2017 Jul 11. Epub 2017 Jul 11.

CHU Bordeaux, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.

Objectives: To describe a series of extrarectal lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) cases diagnosed in France.

Methods: Consecutive LGV cases confirmed at the French Reference Centre for chlamydiae with an extrarectal sample from January 2010 to December 2015 were included. The first part of the study consisted of a retrospective case note review and analysis. Read More

Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2017 Apr-Jun;60(2):259-261

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

While proctitis is caused both by infectious and noninfectious causes, infectious causes are acquired typically sexually. Chlamydia trachomatis, which is the most frequent bacterial pathogen causing sexually transmitted infections worldwide, is one of the causative agents of proctitis. We report a case history of a bisexual male who presented to us with rectal bleeding. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2017 Jun 2;17(1):386. Epub 2017 Jun 2.

Clinic of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases (STI/HIV Unit), San Gallicano Dermatological Institute (IFO-IRCCS), Rome, Italy.

Background: Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a sexually transmitted infection caused by L1, L2, L3 serovars of C. trachomatis (CT). Since 2003, LGV cases have been increasing in Europe. Read More

PLoS One 2017 31;12(5):e0178653. Epub 2017 May 31.

NetBio, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America.

Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are recommended by the CDC for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) urogenital infections. Current commercial NAATs require technical expertise and sophisticated laboratory infrastructure, are time-consuming and expensive, and do not differentiate the lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) strains that require a longer duration of treatment than non-LGV strains. The multiplexed microfluidic PCR-based assay presented in this work simultaneously interrogates 13 loci to detect Ct and identify LGV and non-LGV strain-types. Read More

Euro Surveill 2017 Apr;22(15)

Department of Phage and Molecular Typing, National Centre for Epidemiology, Budapest, Hungary.

Euro Surveill 2017 Apr;22(15)

STI Outpatient Clinic, Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Sex Transm Dis 2017 May;44(5):310-312

From the *Dermatologie et Vénéréologie, Hopital Saint Louis, Universités Bobigny, Paris, France; †Dermatologie et Vénéréologie, Hopital Hammoud, Beyrouth, Liban; ‡Centre National de Référence des Chlamydiae et des Mycoplasma, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux ; and §Dermatologie et Vénéréologie, Hopital Saint Louis, Paris, France.

These 5 cases of atypical inflammatory lymphogranula venereum (LGV) serovar L2b presenting initially with edema and persistent painful ulceration illustrate that clinical manifestations of LGV in the current outbreak in men who have sex with men reflect the influence of both the serovars virulence and the host immune system and are not confined to proctitis. L2b serovar could have a particular high virulence profile, and the need for awareness of LGV as a cause of genital ulceration is crucial. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol 2017 Apr 11:1-9. Epub 2017 Apr 11.

a Department of Dermatology , Bispebjerg Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark.

A multitude of infectious diseases of viral (genital herpes, herpes zoster, genital warts and molluscum contagiosum), bacterial (syphilis, chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum, donovanosis, erysipelas, cellulitis and necrotising fasciitis, folliculitis, impetigo, bartholin gland abscess, trichomycosis and erythrasma), fungal (candidiasis and dermatophytosis) and parasitic (pediculosis pubis) origin may affect the vulvar area. Herein, we review the infections and their skin manifestations in the vulvar area. Read More

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017 Aug 29;15(8):A29-A30. Epub 2017 Mar 29.

Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

Sex Transm Dis 2017 Apr;44(4):245-248

From the *Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Carlton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; †Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; ‡Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne; §Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Parkville; and ¶Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Background: Treatment for rectal lymphogranuloma venereum where doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 21 days was used-either alone or together with azithromycin 1 g single dose-resulted in microbiological cure of 97%. These data support doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 21 days as the preferred treatment for rectal lymphogranuloma venereum. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017 3;7:18. Epub 2017 Feb 3.

Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University Stillwater, OK, USA.

Chlamydia trachomatis is the leading cause of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and preventable blindness. Untreated, asymptomatic infection as well as frequent re-infection are common and may drive pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, and infertility. In vivo models of chlamydial infection continue to be instrumental in progress toward a vaccine and further elucidating the pathogenesis of this intracellular bacterium, however significant gaps in our understanding remain. Read More

JRSM Open 2016 Jan 1;8(1):2054270416660933. Epub 2016 Dec 1.

St George's Hospital, Tooting, London SW17 0QT, UK.

Lymphogranuloma venereum-associated colitis is a diagnosis that should not be missed. The following case represents the importance of a thorough history, including the importance of the sexual history to prevent the misdiagnosis of these patients. Read More

Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017 Feb 10. Epub 2017 Feb 10.

Servicio de Microbiología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada-ibsGranada, Granada, España; Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada-ibsGranada, Granada, España. Electronic address:

Euro Surveill 2017 Feb;22(5)

Department of Phage and Molecular Typing, National Centre for Epidemiology, Budapest, Hungary.

In eastern Europe, few countries have so far reported laboratory-confirmed cases of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV). Here we describe 22 LGV cases in men who have sex with men (MSM) detected in Hungary from November 2012 to July 2016. Sequence analyses show that 16 of these 22 cases were affected by the L2c genovariant, with from 2012 to 2014, one LGV L2c case detected per year, followed by seven cases in 2015 and six up to July 2016. Read More

Semin Diagn Pathol 2017 May 14;34(3):301-311. Epub 2016 Dec 14.

Section of Dermatopathology, Division of Surgical & Cytological Pathology, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA. Electronic address:

Granulomas of the skin may be classified in several ways. They are either infectious or non-infectious in character, and they contain areas of necrobiosis or necrosis, or not. Responsible infectious agents may be mycobacterial, fungal, treponemal, or parasitic organisms, and each case of granulomatous dermatitis should be assessed histochemically for those microbes. Read More

Med Mal Infect 2017 Mar 10;47(2):177-178. Epub 2016 Dec 10.

Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, hôpital Pellegrin, centre hospitalier universitaire de Bordeaux, place Amélie Raba-Léon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France; USC EA 3671, infections humaines à mycoplasmes et chlamydiae, université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Inra, USC EA 3671, infections humaines à mycoplasmes et chlamydiae, 33000 Bordeaux, France.

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017 May 7;31(5):e264-e265. Epub 2016 Dec 7.

Department of Dermatovenereology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Na Bulovce Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.

APMIS 2016 Dec;124(12):1078-1086

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.

The asymptomatic nature of most Chlamydia trachomatis infections and the lack of appropriate effects by current prevention and management call for vaccine development. We evaluated a recombinant subunit vaccine candidate based on the major outer membrane protein variable segments 2 and 4 (MOMP VS2/4). To achieve maximal immunogenicity and ease of production and purification, MOMP VS2/4 was constructed by using highly immunogenic sequences of MOMP only, thereby minimizing the presence of hydrophobic regions, and spacing the immunogenic epitopes with a flexible amino acid sequence. Read More

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2017 Feb 18;87(2):175-179. Epub 2016 Oct 18.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Mercy Health Saint Mary's, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA.

Prolonged turnaround time of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) test results may delay time to notification and treatment of test-positive patients and result in unnecessary antimicrobial use in test-negative patients. This quasi-experimental study evaluated the impact of NG/CT rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) in an urban emergency department (ED) on treatment appropriateness, time to notification, and cost. Patients tested in December 2013-January 2014 (traditional group, n=200) were compared with those in December 2014-January 2015 (RDT group, n=200). Read More

Ann Dermatol Venereol 2016 Nov 20;143(11):736-738. Epub 2016 Oct 20.

Service de dermatologie, Hôtel-Dieu de France, Alfred-Naccache, Achrafieh, Beyrouth, Liban.

Emerg Infect Dis 2016 Nov;22(11):1945-1947

We describe a change in the molecular epidemiology of Chlamydia trachomatis strains involved in an outbreak of rectal lymphogranuloma venereum in France during January 2010-April 2015. Until 2012, the C. trachomatis L2b strain predominated; however, starting in 2013, most cases involved the L2 strain. Read More

Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2016 Oct;29(4):418-419

Division of Cardiology (Harrison), Department of Internal Medicine (Som, Stroup), Oklahoma State University Medical Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma.

We describe a 60-year-old man who presented with rectal pain and bleeding of a month's duration. His presentation was highly suggestive of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) proctitis. Nucleic acid amplification for chlamydia and gonorrhea via rectal swab revealed evidence supportive of anorectal chlamydia. Read More

Microorganisms 2016 Aug 5;4(3). Epub 2016 Aug 5.

Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg 20246, Germany.

The intracellular life style of chlamydia and the ability to cause persistent infections with low-grade replication requires tests with high analytical sensitivity to directly detect C. trachomatis (CT) in medical samples. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are the most sensitive assays with a specificity similar to cell culture and are considered the method of choice for CT detection. Read More

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016 Sep 2;65(34):920-1. Epub 2016 Sep 2.

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by infection with invasive Chlamydia trachomatis serovars L1-L3 (1). LGV is characterized by inguinal and/or femoral lymphadenopathy, typically following a transient, self-limited genital ulcer or papule that might go unnoticed. Rectal infection can result in proctocolitis that can present with mucoid and/or hemorrhagic rectal discharge, anal pain, constipation, fever, and tenesmus, and signs of granulomas and/or ulcerations on anoscopy (1,2). Read More

Emerg Infect Dis 2016 Oct 15;22(10):1778-84. Epub 2016 Oct 15.

Rectal lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) has reemerged as a sexually transmitted infection among men who have sex with men (MSM), particularly those who are HIV-positive. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the efficacy of doxycycline (100 mg 2×/d for 21 days) for rectal LGV in MSM. Nine studies were included: 4 prospective, 4 retrospective, and 1 combined retrospective and prospective. Read More

Sex Transm Dis 2016 Sep;43(9):584-6

From the *Department of Microbiology, and †Department of Dermatology, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

We report the first case of reactive arthritis associated with lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) in an Italian human immunodeficiency virus-negative woman with urogenital and rectal Chlamydia trachomatis L2 serovar infection. The LGV-associated arthritis has to be considered even when classic symptoms of arthritis are missing and in case of asymptomatic or cryptic LGV localizations. Read More

Curr Opin Infect Dis 2016 Oct;29(5):486-94

aTropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital bDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine cNational Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infection, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

Purpose Of Review: The review examines the changing causes and the investigation of infectious and noninfectious diarrhoea in individuals with HIV.

Recent Findings: Despite the excellent prognosis conferred by combination antiretroviral therapy, diarrhoea is still common in HIV-positive individuals and is associated with reduced quality of life and survival. There is increasing interest in the importance of Th17 and Th22 T cells in the maintenance of mucosal immunity within the gut, and in the role of the gut microbiome in gut homeostasis. Read More

Can Fam Physician 2016 Jul;62(7):554-8

Nurse practitioner at the Ottawa Public Health Sexual Health Centre.

Objective: To review the literature about lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) and to provide an overview and discussion of practice guidelines.

Sources Of Information: The terms Chlamydia trachomatis and lymphogranuloma venereum were searched separately in PubMed. Empirical studies, practice reviews, and clinical guidelines were included. Read More

Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Pannonica Adriat 2016 Jun;25(2):35-7

Zdrav Splet, Lackova cesta 54, Maribor, Slovenia.

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is sexually transmitted infection caused by serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis, mostly seen among HIV-positive men who have sex with men. The first three reports of possible LGV in Slovenia were from April to June 2015, followed by a confirmed case of LGV in August 2015. We present the case of an HIV-positive MSM that presented with an anorectal abscess, discharge, lymphadenopathy, and unusual perianal plaque. Read More

Sex Transm Dis 2016 Jul;43(7):420-2

From the *STI Outpatient Clinic, Cluster of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service Amsterdam; †Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Centre, and ‡Centre for Infectious Diseases and Immunology (CINIMA), Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Sex Transm Dis 2016 Jul;43(7):414-9

From the *Division of Infectious Diseases, †Departments of Microbiology, ‡Department of Immunology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, QuironSalud, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; and §Department of Microbiology. Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.

Background: Since 2003, outbreaks of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) with anorectal syndrome have been increasingly recognized in many Western countries. All of them have been classified as LGV serovar L2b, mainly occurring in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have had sex with men (MSM). We describe a series of 26 diagnosed cases of LGV proctitis in downtown Madrid, Spain, in 2014, after implementing routine diagnostic procedures for this disease in symptomatic MSM. Read More

Sex Transm Infect 2016 Dec 9;92(8):629-631. Epub 2016 Jun 9.

Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología (UCEIM), Hospital Universitario de Valme, Seville, Spain.

Objectives: Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis L serovars have emerged in 2003 in Europe among HIV-positive men having sex with men (MSM). Our aim was to evaluate LGV prevalence and predictors in a high-risk population attending to two STI clinics in the southwest of Spain between December 2013 and April 2015.

Methods: Screening of C. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2016 Jun 2;2016. Epub 2016 Jun 2.

GUM/HIV, ABM University Health Board, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, UK.

The current resurgence of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) has drawn most attention to its potential for causing proctitis; however, this case highlights the need for awareness of LGV as a cause of isolated painful bilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy in a high-risk population and the importance of routine screening for LGV. We describe a case of a 37-year-old HIV positive man, in the population of men who have sex with men (MSM) who presented with bilateral enlarged inguinal lymph nodes and no other symptoms or signs. Urine nucleic acid amplification test was positive for chlamydia LGV-specific DNA. Read More

Sex Transm Dis 2016 Jun;43(6):374-6

From the *University of Bordeaux and †INRA, USC EA3671 Mycoplasmal and Chlamydial Infections in Humans, and National Reference Center for Chlamydia, Bordeaux; ‡STI Center CDAG-CIDDIST CG13, Marseille; §AP-HP, University Hospital Saint Louis, Paris; ¶STI Center CDAG-CIDDIST CG33, Bordeaux; ∥STI Center CDAG CIDDIST CG 75; and **AP-HP, Département de Bactériologie, Groupe Hospitalier des Hôpitaux Universitaires de l'Est Parisien, Paris, France.

We retrospectively analyzed 1802 nonrectal Chlamydia trachomatis-positive specimens to determine if the L strains responsible for rectal Lymphogranuloma venereum in men who have sex with men could spread to the heterosexual population. No evidence for Lymphogranuloma venereum transmission among heterosexuals in France was observed in 2013. L2b strains seem to be restricted to the men who have sex with men population. Read More

Aust N Z J Public Health 2016 Aug 15;40(4):368-70. Epub 2016 May 15.

The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, New South Wales.

Objectives: To investigate an increase in lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) notifications in New South Wales (NSW).

Methods: Enhanced surveillance of notified LGV cases in NSW between May 2010 and April 2012 using doctor and patient questionnaires.

Results: Thirty-seven doctors who had diagnosed 67 (76%) of 88 notified anorectal LGV infections were interviewed. Read More

Epidemiol Infect 2016 Sep 16;144(12):2587-96. Epub 2016 May 16.

Melbourne School of Population and Global Health,University of Melbourne,Victoria,Australia.

Repeat rectal chlamydia infection is common in men who have sex with men (MSM) following treatment with 1 g azithromycin. This study describes the association between organism load and repeat rectal chlamydia infection, genovar distribution, and efficacy of azithromycin in asymptomatic MSM. Stored rectal chlamydia-positive samples from MSM were analysed for organism load and genotyped to assist differentiation between reinfection and treatment failure. Read More

J Antimicrob Chemother 2016 Aug 10;71(8):2270-2. Epub 2016 May 10.

Olafiaklinikken, Department of Rheumatology, Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Objectives: Mecillinam is highly active in vitro against Chlamydia spp. We aimed to determine whether mecillinam should be evaluated further as treatment for genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Patients And Methods: The study was conducted at an open-access clinic for sexually transmitted infections in Oslo, Norway. Read More

S Afr Med J 2016 Apr 19;106(5):49-51. Epub 2016 Apr 19.

Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.

An inguinal lymph node was discovered incidentally during surgery for a suspected strangulated inguinal hernia. The patient had recently been treated for candidal balanoposthitis and was known to have a paraphimosis. A new foreskin ulcer was discovered when he was admitted for the hernia surgery. Read More

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2016 Jul 12;85(3):313-4. Epub 2016 Apr 12.

Université de Lille, UFR Médecine, F-59000 Lille, France; CHU Lille, Institut de Microbiologie, F-59000 Lille, France.

We evaluated the DNA stability of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in 55 urine samples. Crossing threshold (Ct) values were highly similar after 3 to 14 days at room temperature (+0.002, P = 0. Read More

Dis Mon 2016 Aug 21;62(8):314-8. Epub 2016 Apr 21.

Int J STD AIDS 2016 Dec 15;27(14):1354-1355. Epub 2016 Apr 15.

Department of Internal Medicine, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, Netherlands.

Lymphogranuloma venereum is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis serovar L1, L2 or L3. Anorectal infections in HIV-positive men who have sex with men comprise the majority of cases in the developed world. We present the case of a 30-year-old HIV-negative man with inguinal type lymphogranuloma venereum accompanied by erythema nodosum. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2016 Jun 5;65(6):510-20. Epub 2016 Apr 5.

1​ Microbiology, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

The aim of this study was to assess Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection prevalence and serovar distribution in a high-density urban area in the north of Italy, by comparing different groups of subjects divided on the basis of the type of care provider they referred to (STI Clinic, gynaecologists or general practitioners). From January 2011 to May 2014, all the specimens submitted to the Microbiology Laboratory of St Orsola Hospital in Bologna for CT detection were tested by PCR assay. For positive specimens, molecular genotyping based on RFLP analysis was performed. Read More

Clin Microbiol Infect 2016 Jun 31;22(6):574.e7-9. Epub 2016 Mar 31.

University of Bordeaux, USC EA3671 Mycoplasmal and Chlamydial Infections in Humans, and National Reference Centre for Chlamydia, France; INRA, USC EA3671 Mycoplasmal and Chlamydial Infections in Humans, and National Reference Centre for Chlamydia, France; Bacteriology Department, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France. Electronic address:

The French Reference Centre for chlamydiae uses two real-time PCRs targeting the pmpH gene of Chlamydia trachomatis to differentiate between L strains and variant L2b, responsible for a lymphogranuloma venereum outbreak in Europe. We compared the results obtained for 122 L2b C. trachomatis-positive specimens, using the two real-time PCRs, with the sequencing of the ompA gene. Read More

Euro Surveill 2016 ;21(11):30165

Department of Dermatovenerology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Na Bulovce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.

Since the notification of the first case of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) in the Czech Republic in 2010, the numbers of LGV cases have steadily increased in the country. In 2015, 40 LGV cases were diagnosed, bringing the total for 2010-2015, to 88 cases. The profile of the most affected group, HIV-positive men who have sex with men with a previous sexually transmitted infection, matches that of those described in LGV outbreaks in western Europe. Read More

J Infect Dev Ctries 2016 Feb 28;10(2):134-7. Epub 2016 Feb 28.

Instituto Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Infecções Respiratórias de Origem Bacteriana, Ananindeua, Pará, Brasil.

Introduction: Genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases in women, and undetected cases of the disease are highly associated with long-term complications. Despite the high prevalence of infections in Brazil, very little is known about the distribution of C. trachomatis genovars. Read More