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Front Immunol 2022 28;13:882217. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medicine School, Nanjing, China.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease with low survival time. Since the pathophysiological progression of IPF is closely associated with immunological and inflammatory responses, immune biomarkers, including neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-high density lipoprotein ratio (MHR), have the potential to predict overall survival in IPF patients.

Methods: A total of 278 patients with IPF were finally enrolled. Read More

Arch Razi Inst 2021 Dec 30;76(6):1607-1615. Epub 2021 Dec 30.

Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Wasit University, Wasit, Iraq.

is one of the most important nosocomial opportunistic pathogens, which causes sepsis, as well as different gross and histopathological lesions in various internal organs in humans and animals, especially dogs and fish. This study aimed to investigate the hematological parameters, immunological responses, and pathological effects of the infection induced by the virulent strain of on rabbits. A total of 42 rabbits (local breed; male and female), with a mean weight of 1. Read More

Braz J Microbiol 2022 Apr 27. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Visna-maedi is a multisystemic and progressive inflammatory disease caused by a non-oncogenic retrovirus (Visna-maedi virus, VMV). An outbreak of visna-maedi occurred in Southern Brazil in sheep with clinical signs of blindness and stumbling gait. At post-mortem examination, all animals had similar lesions, including heavy non-collapsed lungs and multifocal yellow areas in the cerebral white matter, affecting mainly the periventricular region. Read More

Cells 2022 Apr 14;11(8). Epub 2022 Apr 14.

Institute of Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Helmholtz-Zentrum München, 81377 Munich, Germany.

Antibodies are central effectors of the adaptive immune response, widespread used therapeutics, but also potentially disease-causing biomolecules. Antibody folding catalysts in the plasma cell are incompletely defined. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal chronic lung disease with increasingly recognized autoimmune features. Read More

J Cardiothorac Surg 2022 Apr 15;17(1):79. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

Department of Medical Imaging Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.

Background: Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP) is a very rare disease and its malignant transformation is even more rare. LIP is easily misdiagnosed by clinicians and radiologists.

Case Presentation: The medical record of a 64-year-old female with Sjogren's syndrome was reviewed. Read More

Rheumatol Int 2022 Apr 13. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Department of Rheumatology, Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark.

The role of transbronchial lung biopsies (TBB) in the diagnostic workup of systemic inflammatory rheumatic disease-associated interstitial lung disease (SIRD-ILD) is unclear and TBB is not generally recommended. The study objective was to examine the utility of TBB to guide treatment in a population of patients with SIRD-ILD. All patients from the Department of Rheumatology, Rigshospitalet, Denmark, who had TBB performed, from 2002 to 2016 were identified. Read More

Oral Oncol 2022 May 5;128:105831. Epub 2022 Apr 5.

Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil; Private Pathology Service, Natal, Brazil. Electronic address:

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an uncommon myeloid neoplasm characterized by clonal neoplastic proliferation of Langerhans-type dendritic cells associated with a reactive inflammatory infiltrate composed predominantly of lymphocytes and eosinophils. Only three cases of LCH mimicking periapical lesions have been reported in the English-language literature to date. Herein, we report a rare case of LCH involving the mandible of a 45-years-old woman mimicking microscopically and radiographically a residual cyst. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2022 04 5;22(1):181. Epub 2022 Apr 5.

Bioinformatics Laboratory-LABINFO, National Laboratory of Scientific Computation LNCC/MCTIC, Av. Getulio Vargas, 333, Quitandinha CEP: 25651-075 Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Background: X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is an Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) characterized by pan-hypogammaglobulinemia and low numbers of B lymphocytes due to mutations in BTK gene. Usually, XLA patients are not susceptible to respiratory tract infections by viruses and do not present interstitial lung disease (ILD) such as bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) as a consequence of acute or chronic bacterial infections of the respiratory tract. Although many pathogenic variants have already been described in XLA, the heterogeneous clinical presentations in affected patients suggest a more complex genetic landscape underlying this disorder. Read More

Front Immunol 2022 11;13:857050. Epub 2022 Mar 11.

Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common symptomatic form of primary immunodeficiency. More than 50% of patients in some series suffer from autoimmune or inflammatory complications (the "CVID+" phenotype), and these are not adequately addressed by current treatments. Despite major advancements in genetics, the pathogenesis of the CVID+ phenotype has remained unexplained for most patients, necessitating the need for relevant biomarkers in both the clinic and research settings. Read More

Pediatr Radiol 2022 Mar 29. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.

Pulmonary lymphoproliferative disorders represent an uncommon spectrum of proliferation of lymphoid tissue in the lung parenchyma ranging from benign hyperplasia to malignancy. They tend to occur in certain clinical situations and have typical imaging features that together can be used by the radiologist to suggest these entities as part of the differential diagnosis. We review key clinical, histopathological and computed tomography features of pulmonary lymphoproliferative disorders in children including follicular bronchiolitis, lymphoid interstitial pneumonia, granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease, lymphoma and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder to familiarize the pediatric radiologist with this group of disorders. Read More

Front Vet Sci 2022 2;9:806824. Epub 2022 Mar 2.

Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproducts Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.

Pseudorabies (PR) is a disease that is seriously endangering the pig industry in China. To understand the current prevalence of pseudorabies virus (PRV) in Shandong Province, China, 19,292 serum samples were collected from 16 locations in Shandong from 2018 to 2020. The antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Read More

Front Immunol 2022 28;13:844300. Epub 2022 Feb 28.

Department of Medicine, Mayo College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States.

Blood vessels are indispensable for host survival and are protected from inappropriate inflammation by immune privilege. This protection is lost in patients with autoimmune vasculitides, a heterogeneous group of diseases causing damage to arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. Vasculitis leads to vascular wall destruction and/or luminal occlusion, resulting in hemorrhage and tissue ischemia. Read More

Environ Health Prev Med 2022 ;27(0)

Department of Occupational Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Wuxi.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and susceptibility to silicosis.

Methods: First, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data were comprehensively analyzed in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of eight participants (four silicosis cases and four healthy controls) exposed to silica dust to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs). The functional SNPs in the identified DE-lncRNAs were then identified using several databases. Read More

Front Immunol 2022 23;13:813491. Epub 2022 Feb 23.

Primary Immune Deficiencies Unit, Department of Internal Medicine of the University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.

Background: Granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (GLILD) is a distinct clinic-radio-pathological interstitial lung disease (ILD) that develops in 9% to 30% of patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Often related to extrapulmonary dysimmune disorders, it is associated with long-term lung damage and poorer clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to explore the potential use of the integration between clinical parameters, laboratory variables, and developed CT scan scoring systems to improve the diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive tools. Read More

Immunobiology 2022 Mar 6;227(3):152194. Epub 2022 Mar 6.

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Ambiental e Experimental, Universidade Paulista (UNIP), Rua Dr. Bacelar 902, CEP 04057-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address:

Opportunistic fungal pneumonia is a cause of concern in immunocompromised patients due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. One such opportunistic agent affecting immunocompromised patients is the microsporidia called Encephalitozoon cuniculi. This study aimed to evaluate pneumonia caused by E. Read More

RMD Open 2022 03;8(1)

First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan

Objective: To study the pathophysiological differences of EGPA and IgG-related disease (RD) by clarifying their clinical, pathological and immunological features.

Methods: Clinical and pathological findings were compared in patients with EGPA and IgG-RD. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used for comprehensive flow cytometric analysis. Read More

J Clin Immunol 2022 Mar 8. Epub 2022 Mar 8.

Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is a rare neurodegenerative genetic disorder due to bi-allelic mutations in the Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) gene. The aim of this paper is to better define the immunological profile over time, the clinical immune-related manifestations at diagnosis and during follow-up, and to attempt a genotype-phenotype correlation of an Italian cohort of AT patients. Retrospective data of 69 AT patients diagnosed between December 1984 and November 2019 were collected from the database of the Italian Primary Immunodeficiency Network. Read More

Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2022 Feb;40(2):103-108

College of Public Health of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China Public Health Treatment Center of Guiyang, Guiyang 550004, China.

To detect of gene expression and genotype of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated () from coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) , It is explored whether CWP is related to gene. In October 2020, the relevant information of 264 subjects who received physical examination or medical treatment in the Department of occupational diseases of Guiyang public health treatment center from January 2019 to September 2020 was collected. Through the occupational health examination, 67 healthy people with no history of exposure to occupational hazards were selected as the healthy control group; The coal miners with more than 10 years of coal dust exposure history and small shadow in the lung but not up to the diagnostic criteria were the dust exposure control group, a total of 66 people; The patients with the same history of coal dust exposure and confirmed stage I were coal worker's pneumoconiosis stage I group, a total of 131 people. Read More

Clin J Gastroenterol 2022 Mar 7. Epub 2022 Mar 7.

Department of General Internal Medicine 2, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, Okayama, Okayama, Japan.

This report describes a patient with early-stage autoimmune gastritis (AIG) presenting with a normal endoscopic appearance. A 66-year-old man with autoimmune thyroiditis was suspected of having AIG because of a previous history of vitamin B12 deficiency when receiving steroid therapy for interstitial pneumonia 5 years earlier. At presentation, he tested positive for anti-parietal cell antibody (1:320) and anti-intrinsic factor antibody, but not for vitamin B12 deficiency. Read More

Vet Pathol 2022 Mar 6:3009858221082228. Epub 2022 Mar 6.

Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA.

Classification of pneumonia in animals has been controversial, and the most problematic pattern is interstitial pneumonia. This is true from the gross and histologic perspectives, and also from a mechanistic point of view. Multiple infectious and noninfectious diseases are associated with interstitial pneumonia, all of them converging in the release of inflammatory mediators that generate local damage and attract inflammatory cells that inevitably trigger a second wave of damage. Read More

BMC Pulm Med 2022 Mar 5;22(1):79. Epub 2022 Mar 5.

Service de Pneumologie, l'Institut du Thorax, Hôpital Guillaume et René Laënnec, Boulevard Jacques Monod, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, 44093, Nantes, France.

Background: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a major diagnostic tool in interstitial lung disease (ILD). Its use remains largely quantitative, usually focused on cell differential ratio. However, cellular morphological features provide additional valuable information. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2022 Apr 2;148:112768. Epub 2022 Mar 2.

Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Disease, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China. Electronic address:

Pulmonary fibrosis induced by silica particles is defined as silicosis, which is an incurable disease. The pathogenesis of silicosis is not completely clear, but it's certain that immune system dysfunction is closely related to it. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are emerging immunotherapeutic agents that mainly target adaptive immune cells, and there is abundant evidence that ICIs are of great value in cancer treatment. Read More

Vet Pathol 2022 Mar 1:3009858221079665. Epub 2022 Mar 1.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes respiratory disease in mink similar to human COVID-19. We characterized the pathological findings in 72 mink from US farms with SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks, localized SARS-CoV-2 and its host cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in mink respiratory tissues, and evaluated the utility of various test methods and specimens for SARS-CoV-2 detection in necropsy tissues. Of SARS-CoV-2-positive animals found dead, 74% had bronchiolitis and diffuse alveolar damage (DAD). Read More

Front Immunol 2022 10;13:820347. Epub 2022 Feb 10.

Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and irreversible lung disease of unknown etiology. Myofibroblasts are organized in peculiar subepithelial fibroblasts foci (FF), where they abnormally persist and exclude lymphocytes by unclear mechanisms. FF are the source of an excessive extracellular matrix, which results in progressive stiffening and destruction of the lung architecture. Read More

BMC Pulm Med 2022 Feb 27;22(1):73. Epub 2022 Feb 27.

Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing, 100730, China.

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) may cause life-threatening complications of primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS), and has a poor prognosis in terms of survival and quality of life. To date, few studies have investigated the risk factors for ILD detected by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in pSS patients with or without respiratory symptoms.

Methods: Data of 333 patients with newly diagnosed pSS were retrospectively analysed. Read More

Commun Biol 2022 02 24;5(1):162. Epub 2022 Feb 24.

Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Cornell Center for Immunology, Cornell Institute for Host Microbe-Interactions and Disease, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.

T helper 17 (Th17) cells develop in response to T cell receptor signals (TCR) in the presence of specific environments, and produce the inflammatory cytokine IL17A. These cells have been implicated in a number of inflammatory diseases and represent a potential target for ameliorating such diseases. The kinase ITK, a critical regulator of TCR signals, has been shown to be required for the development of Th17 cells. Read More

Ann Rheum Dis 2022 Jun 21;81(6):854-860. Epub 2022 Feb 21.

Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Objectives: To characterise the peripheral blood cell (PBC) gene expression changes ensuing from mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or cyclophosphamide (CYC) treatment and to determine the predictive significance of baseline PBC transcript scores for response to immunosuppression in systemic sclerosis (SSc)-related interstitial lung disease (ILD).

Methods: PBC RNA samples from baseline and 12-month visits, corresponding to the active treatment period of both arms in Scleroderma Lung Study II, were investigated by global RNA sequencing. Joint models were created to examine the predictive significance of composite modular scores for the course of forced vital capacity (FVC) per cent predicted measurements from 3 to 12 months. Read More

J Immunol 2022 03 11;208(5):1259-1271. Epub 2022 Feb 11.

Division of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany;

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an irreversible, age-related diffuse parenchymal lung disease of poorly defined etiology. Many patients with IPF demonstrate distinctive lymphocytic interstitial infiltrations within remodeled lung tissue with uncertain pathogenetic relevance. Histopathological examination of explant lung tissue of patients with IPF revealed accentuated lymphoplasmacellular accumulations in close vicinity to, or even infiltrating, remodeled lung tissue. Read More

Quant Imaging Med Surg 2022 Feb;12(2):1139-1148

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effect of transbronchial cryobiopsy guided by radial probe endobronchial ultrasound (RP-EBUS) compared with clinicoradiological diagnoses in diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLDs).

Methods: A total of 60 patients with DPLDs confirmed by chest computed tomography (CT) who underwent transbronchial lung cryobiopsy guided by RP-EBUS were enrolled. The ultrasound images were obtained and identified together with corresponding chest CT characteristics. Read More

Front Immunol 2021 17;12:796932. Epub 2022 Jan 17.

Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China.

Objective: To evaluate the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in RNA-seq identified mRNAs and silicosis susceptibility.

Methods: A comprehensive RNA-seq was performed to screen for differently expressed mRNAs in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of eight subjects exposed to silica dust (four silicosis cases and four healthy controls). Following this, the SNPs located on the shortlisted mRNAs, which may affect silicosis susceptibility, were screened through silicosis-related genome-wide association studies (GWAS) (155 silicosis cases and 141 healthy controls), whereas functional expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL)-SNPs were identified using the GTEx database. Read More