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Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2019 Apr;51(2):359-361

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.

Here we reported a case of exogenous lipoid pneumonia from Peking University Third Hospital. A 62-year-old male presented with chronic cough and expectoration for 8 years, without chest pain, hemoptysis or short of breath. He was an ex-smoker. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019 03 19:1-5. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

1 Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO.

Objective: Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome, lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP) frequently present as isolated cystic lung disease and can be challenging to distinguish. If imaging findings are otherwise unremarkable, the radiologist is unaided by ancillary CT findings in narrowing the diagnosis. We hypothesized that the distribution and morphologic features of lung cysts could be used to differentiate BHD syndrome, LAM, and LIP. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2019 03 7;15(3):e1007595. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Institute for Virology and Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Despite a broad cell-type tropism, cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an evidentially pulmonary pathogen. Predilection for the lungs is of medical relevance in immunocompromised recipients of hematopoietic cell transplantation, in whom interstitial CMV pneumonia is a frequent and, if left untreated, fatal clinical manifestation of human CMV infection. A conceivable contribution of CMV to airway diseases of other etiology is an issue that so far attracted little medical attention. Read More

Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2019 Mar;48(3):220-224

Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical, College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China (Huang Haijian is working on the Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincal Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China).

To investigate the clinicpathological and molecular features of Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) as well langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). The clinical, histopathological, molecular findings, immunophenotype, treatment and prognosis in 4 cases of ECD combined LCH were evaluated from February 2015 to September 2018 with review of the relevant literature. 2 cases were male, and 2 were female, aged from 7-55 years. Read More

Adv Respir Med 2019 Mar 4. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Department of Pathology, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Cholesterol pneumonia or endogenous lipid pneumonia is a rare disease that can occur in the context of a systemic disease or following a bronchial obstruction. It is characterized with a wide range of diverse symptoms and disease course. The present report introduces a young woman diagnosed with adult onset still disease since three years ago, who has referred with macrophage activation syndrome (MAS). Read More

Physiol Rep 2019 Mar;7(5):e14019

Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Despite recent advances, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a severe and often fatal disease for which there is no therapy able to reduce the underlying excessive lung inflammation or enhance resolution of injury. Metabolic programming plays a critical role in regulating inflammatory responses. Due to their high metabolic needs, neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes rely upon glutamine metabolism to support activation and function. Read More

Respir Med Case Rep 2019 4;26:244-247. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.

Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) is a newly described entity of interstitial lung disease, which has been recently recognized as a rare complication of bone marrow transplantation. We report a case of 30-year-old man who developed a unique combination of pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis with cellular and fibrotic non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) and bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) sixteen years after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Histological examination revealed almost exclusive infiltration of CD3-positive T lymphocytes associated with lymphoepithelial lesions and multi-focal denudation of covering epithelial cells in all components. Read More

Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2018 ;21(10):806-810

Department of Respiration, Jinhua Central Hospital, Zhejiang University Jinhua Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321000, China.

Objective: To explore the application and diagnostic value of high-resolution CT in the process of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia clinical diagnosis, and analyze one case of CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia.

Methods: The medical record of a patient with lymphocyte interstitial pneumonia (LIP) who came to the clinic on 2014-04-22 were analyzed and summarized retrospectively.

Results: The patient was a 55 years old female farmer. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2019 Jan 16;25:466-474. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Radiology, Shanghai Dongfang Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland).

BACKGROUND Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP), with a variety of radiologic findings, is a clinical pathological entity characterized by the presence of granulation tissue composed of fibroblasts/myofibroblasts and loose connective tissue in the alveoli and/or the distal bronchioles. Nevertheless, the presence of a solitary mass in COP is relatively rare. This study investigated the clinical, imaging, and pathologic features of COP with solitary mass form. Read More

Respir Med Case Rep 2019 16;26:115-117. Epub 2018 Dec 16.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan.

A 66-year-old man, an ex-smoker, was referred to our hospital for slightly progressive respiratory symptoms of cough and dyspnea on exertion and chest abnormal shadow. Chest high-resolution computed tomography showed wide-ranging ground-glass attenuation and reticulation with lower lobe predominance. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid revealed a marked increase in lymphocytes (53. Read More

Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol Winter 2018;67(3):142-148

Successful rituximab treatment of granulomatous/lymphocytic interstitial lung disease in common variable immunodeficiency Common variable immunodeficiency, a heterogeneous group of diseases, represents a clinically relevant form of antibody immunodeficiency. Granulomatous/lymphocytic interstitial lung disease is among the most serious complications. A case report is presented of a young women with granulomatous/lymphocytic interstitial lung disease and splenomegaly accompanied by pancytopenia. Read More

Viruses 2018 12 6;10(12). Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Institute for Virology, University Medical Center and Center for Immunotherapy of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 67, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.

Human Cytomegalovirus (hCMV), which is the prototype member of the β-subfamily of the herpesvirus family, is a pathogen of high clinical relevance in recipients of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). hCMV causes multiple-organ disease and interstitial pneumonia in particular upon infection during the immunocompromised period before hematopoietic reconstitution restores antiviral immunity. Clinical investigation of pathomechanisms and of strategies for an immune intervention aimed at restoring antiviral immunity earlier than by hematopoietic reconstitution are limited in patients to observational studies mainly because of ethical issues including the imperative medical indication for chemotherapy with antivirals. Read More

Eur Respir J 2019 Feb 7;53(2). Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Service de Pneumologie A, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, Paris, France.

Regulator of telomere length 1 () mutations have been evidenced in 5-9% of familial pulmonary fibrosis; however, the phenotype of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and mutations is poorly understood.Whole exome sequencing was performed in 252 probands with ILD and we included all patients with ILD and mutation. expression was evaluated by immunochemistry in the lungs of controls, as well as in and telomerase reverse transcriptase () mutation carriers. Read More

Lung Cancer 2018 Dec 6;126:162-169. Epub 2018 Nov 6.

Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan. Electronic address:

Background: Lung cancer with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern is a disease with poor prognosis. This study aimed to characterize the tumor microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma associated with UIP (UIP-ADC).

Methods: A total of 1341 consecutive patients with ADC who had undergone complete surgical resection were enrolled in this study, and the clinicopathological features of UIP-ADC were examined. Read More

Allergy 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Servicio de Neumología, Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Cataluña, España.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to analyze mortality, possible predictors of long-term survival, and health-related quality of life of a large chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP) patient sample.

Methods: Longitudinal study in patients diagnosed with CHP during 2004-2013, followed for at least 1 year. Patients remaining alive and consenting to participate had a follow-up visit during 2015, including a complete pulmonary function study and the EuroQol-5D and Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Read More

J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2019 Jan - Feb;95:27-35. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Microorganisms in Animals, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. Electronic address:

Introduction: Haemophilus parasuis, one of the major swine pathogens, has at least fifteen different types, all of which have significant economic effects on the global swine industry. The aim of this study was to establish an experimental intraperitoneal infection model for H. parasuis in neutropenic guinea pigs. Read More

J Cutan Pathol 2019 Feb 18;46(2):159-161. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.

We report a case of disseminated Trichosporon asahii in a patient on systemic antifungal therapy who presented with multiple cutaneous nodules suggestive of fungal infection. Histologic features resembled neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis but staining with periodic acid-Schiff and Gomori methenamine silver confirmed the clinical diagnosis. This case highlights the importance of maintaining suspicion for trichosporonosis and contextualizing histologic findings within the underlying clinical picture. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019 Apr 15;143(4):1295-1301. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill. Electronic address:

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a T1 lymphocyte-biased fibrosing alveolitis caused by antigens ranging from avian excreta, fungi, thermophilic bacteria, and protozoa to reactive chemicals found in the workplace. Mimicking a viral syndrome, acute exposures to inciting antigens cause abrupt onset of nonproductive cough, dyspnea, and chills with arthralgias or malaise usually from 4 to 8 hours later so that the temporal relationship between antigen exposure and symptoms might be unsuspected. The histology of HP reveals prominent lymphocyte infiltrates that thicken the alveolar septa with poorly formed granulomas or giant cells. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 16;18(1):299. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, China.

Background: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), a necrotizing granulomatous disease, very rarely involves the central nervous system (CNS), particularly the pituitary. Delayed treatment may cause permanent bilateral blindness. We report an isolated case of pituitary GPA that manifested as a progressive bilateral temporal visual field (VF) defect and was diagnosed via pituitary biopsy. Read More

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018 Nov;98(42):3442-3446

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China (is now working at the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fujian Province Geriatrics Hospital).

To improve the understanding and treatment of IgG4-related lung disease (IgG4-RLD) by analyzing the clinical characteristics of patients. A total of 13 patients with IgG4-related lung disease (IgG4-RLD) diagnosed by pathology at Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University during December 2007 to December 2017 were included. The clinical characteristics, chest CT, pathological features, serum IgG4 levels, therapy and prognosis of these 13 patients were analyzed. Read More

Orphanet J Rare Dis 2018 11 12;13(1):201. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department Tranzo, Tilburg University, PO Box 90153 (RP219), 5000 LE, Tilburg, the Netherlands.

Background: Common variable immunodeficiency disorders (CVID) are a group of rare innate disorders characterized by specific antibody deficiency and increased rates of infections, comorbidities and mortality. The burden of CVID in Europe has not been previously estimated. We performed a retrospective analysis of the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) registry data on the subset of patients classified by their immunologist as CVID and treated between 2004 and 2014. Read More

J Dermatol 2018 Dec 15;45(12):1444-1447. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Department of Dermatology, Kansai Medical University Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.

A 34-year-old Japanese man presented with an indolent nodule on the right flank. Computed tomography of the chest and abdomen demonstrated a large nodule measuring 55 mm × 50 mm in the abdominal oblique muscle layer of the right flank, and several small nodules were seen in the muscle layer throughout the body and subcutaneous tissue of the lower abdomen. F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography revealed nodular lesions in the bilateral parotid glands, bilateral cervical lymph nodes and lower lobe of the right lung. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Jan 24;121:4-11. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

Department of Neurosurgery, University General Hospital of Alicante, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, Alicante, Spain.

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a multisystemic dendritic cell proliferation that is relatively uncommon in adults. Central nervous system LCH outside the pituitary gland is even more uncommon.

Case Description: We report the case of a 42-year-old man who had complained of right-side hemicranial pain and left arm minor paresis. Read More

Sci Transl Med 2018 09;10(460)

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive inflammatory disease with high mortality and limited therapeutic options. Previous genetic and immunologic investigations suggest common intersections between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), sarcoidosis, and murine models of pulmonary fibrosis. To identify immune responses that precede collagen deposition, we conducted molecular, immunohistochemical, and flow cytometric analysis of human and murine specimens. Read More

Vet Parasitol 2018 Sep 10;261:22-26. Epub 2018 Aug 10.

Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.

The large lungworms of the genus Dictyocaulus are causative agents of parasitic bronchitis in various ungulate hosts, including red deer. Recently, the red deer-derived lungworm D. cervi was described and separated from D. Read More

Respir Med 2018 Nov 16;144S:S13-S19. Epub 2018 Sep 16.

Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Introduction: The diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is difficult to ascertain due to the insensitivity of endomyocardial biopsy. Current diagnostic criteria require a positive endomyocardial biopsy or extra-cardiac biopsy with clinical features suggestive of CS. Common tests for diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis include bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), lung and mediastinal lymph node (MLN) biopsies. Read More

Clin Rheumatol 2018 Nov 22;37(11):2981-2988. Epub 2018 Sep 22.

Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gong-Ti South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China.

To characterize the distinctive chest high-resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) features and clinical manifestations of primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS)-related interstitial lung disease (ILD). The demographic data, clinical manifestations, and laboratory and radiological findings of 527 pSS patients were retrospectively analyzed. ILD was defined based on the presences of pulmonary signs in HRCT. Read More

Int Immunopharmacol 2018 Nov 7;64:208-216. Epub 2018 Sep 7.

Center of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China. Electronic address:

The feature of pulmonary sarcoidosis is characterized by a Th1/Th17/regulatory T cells (Tregs) -driven inflammatory process in lung, resulting in noncaseating granulomas containing CD4+ T cells. Tregs increase in both lung and peripheral blood, with damaged immunoregulatory function. The current study investigated the effects of IL33 or anti-IL23 antibody on restoring the homeostasis and functions of Tregs in mycobacterial superoxide dismutase A (SodA)-induced pulmonary sarcoidosis. Read More

Respir Med 2018 09 24;142:66-72. Epub 2018 Jul 24.

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Although asthma, rhinitis/rhinosinusitis and peripheral eosinophilia are present in virtually all patients with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), the role of atopy in these patients is not well defined.

Objective: To clarify the role of atopy in patients affected with EGPA.

Methods: Clinical, laboratory and standard spirometry data have been abstracted from medical records. Read More

Eur Respir Rev 2018 Sep 29;27(149). Epub 2018 Aug 29.

Dept of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

Human primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) represent a heterogeneous group of more than 350 disorders. They are rare diseases, but their global incidence is more relevant than generally thought. The underlying defect may involve different branches of the innate and/or adaptive immune response. Read More

Arthritis Res Ther 2018 08 29;20(1):197. Epub 2018 Aug 29.

Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.

Background: We aimed to investigate the efficacy of abatacept in preclinical mouse models of digestive involvement, pulmonary fibrosis, and related pulmonary hypertension (PH), mimicking internal organ involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Methods: Abatacept has been evaluated in the chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) mouse model (abatacept 1 mg/mL for 6 weeks), characterized by liver and intestinal fibrosis and in the Fra-2 mouse model (1 mg/mL or 10 mg/mL for 4 weeks), characterized by interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary vascular remodeling leading to PH.

Results: In the cGvHD model, abatacept significantly decreased liver transaminase levels and markedly improved colon inflammation. Read More

Histopathology 2019 Jan 11;74(2):341-349. Epub 2018 Nov 11.

Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Aims: The objective of this study was to quantify the impact of pirfenidone or nintedanib treatment on lung histopathology and molecular mediators of fibrosis in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Methods And Results: We collected lung tissue from IPF patients at the time of lung transplantation. Histopathological changes were quantified using a blinded scoring method. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 8;9:1837. Epub 2018 Aug 8.

Immunodeficiency Centre for Wales, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom.

Immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IGRT) has contributed critically to the management of primary antibody deficiencies (PAD) and the decrease in pneumonia rate. However, despite adequate IGRT and improved prognosis, patients with PAD continue to experience recurrent respiratory tract infections, leading to bronchiectasis and continuing decline in lung function with a severe impact on their quality of life. Moreover, non-infectious inflammatory and interstitial lung complications, such as granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease, contribute substantially to the overall morbidity of PAD. Read More

Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018 Sep 23;129:27-39. Epub 2018 Jun 23.

Medical Oncology Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.

The identification of reliable predictive biomarkers of efficacy or resistance to immune-oncology (I-O) agents is a major issue for translational research and clinical practice. However, along with PDL1 and molecular features other clinical, radiological and laboratory factors can be considered for the selection of those patients who would not be the best candidate for immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs). We examined these factors, emerging from the results of currently available studies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), aiming to provide a useful and manageable tool which can help Oncologists in their everyday clinical practice. Read More

Hum Pathol 2018 Dec 29;82:177-186. Epub 2018 Jul 29.

Division of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905 MN. Electronic address:

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a progressive autoimmune disease of the liver causing destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts, associated with lymphocytic and granulomatous inflammation. PBC has been associated with many extrahepatic manifestations including interstitial lung disease. However, comprehensive pulmonary histopathology in PBC has not been well documented. Read More

Cornea 2018 Oct;37(10):1326-1327

Department of Ophthalmology, National Institution of Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Purpose: To report a case of ocular findings associated with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP).

Case: A 63-year-old man was referred to the National Institution of Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center with bilateral eyelid swelling due to giant papillomatous changes, each measuring approximately 10 mm in diameter with severe hyperemia on the tarsal conjunctiva. He was followed for CEP for 8 years and systemically treated with 6 mg oral prednisolone for an average of 5 years. Read More

Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018 May;36(5):353-356

Department of Medical laboratory, Medical College, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China.

To preliminary analysis of the characteristics of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood among 135 cases of coal worker's pneumoconiosis patients in Huainan mining area. The peripheral bloods of 135 cases of coal worker's pneumoconiosis patients and 112 cases of health examiners were collected. Flow cytometry was used to detect peripheral blood lymphocytes, T cell subsets and CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells. Read More

Mayo Clin Proc 2018 07;93(7):834-839

Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Electronic address:

Short telomere syndromes (STSs) are accelerated aging syndromes with multisystemic manifestations that present complex management challenges. In this article, we discuss a single-institution experience in diagnosing and managing patients with inherited STSs. In total, we identified 17 patients with short telomeres, defined by flow-fluorescence in-situ hybridization telomere lengths of less than first centile in granulocytes/lymphocytes OR the presence of a characteristic germline pathogenic variant in the context of a highly suggestive clinical phenotype. Read More

Int J Rheum Dis 2018 Jul;21(7):1398-1405

Division of Rheumatology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.

Aim: Previous analysis of comparative anti-citrullinated heat shock protein 90 (citHSP90) antibody profiles between bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum indicates that the lung plays a direct role in shaping the immune repertoire of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD).

Methods: To address the contribution of citHSP90β-specific T cells in this process, we evaluated in vitro cytokine responses to citHSP90β in RA patients with different stages of ILD as well as in controls with non-RA connective tissue disease-associated ILD (CTD-ILD). Cultures derived from whole blood were individually stimulated with HSP90β, citHSP90β, citrullinated BSA, or no antigen. Read More

Vet Pathol 2018 11 25;55(6):900-904. Epub 2018 Jun 25.

1 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.

A 4-year-old captive male central bearded dragon ( Pogona vitticeps) was presented for recurrent episodic dyspnea and anorexia with occasional expulsion of oral mucoid discharge. Despite empirical antimicrobial therapy and supportive care, the animal died and was submitted for autopsy. Defining histologic features included heterophilic and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, with occasional amphophilic intranuclear inclusions and prominent type II pneumocyte hyperplasia. Read More

Respir Med Case Rep 2018 5;25:12-17. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.

Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP) is an uncommon interstitial lung disease that is characterized by an interstitial infiltrate of lymphoplasmacytic cells. While idiopathic LIP appears to be extremely rare, most reported cases of LIP have been associated with coexisting immune derangements, particularly autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome. In this report, we describe the presentation of LIP in a patient with underlying mixed connective tissue disease. Read More

Eur J Endocrinol 2018 Sep 7;179(3):R151-R163. Epub 2018 Jun 7.

Department of Endocrinology, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Hypophysitis is a rare condition characterised by inflammation of the pituitary gland, usually resulting in hypopituitarism and pituitary enlargement. Pituitary inflammation can occur as a primary hypophysitis (most commonly lymphocytic, granulomatous or xanthomatous disease) or as secondary hypophysitis (as a result of systemic diseases, immunotherapy or alternative sella-based pathologies). Hypophysitis can be classified using anatomical, histopathological and aetiological criteria. Read More

Clin Chim Acta 2018 Sep 1;484:305-313. Epub 2018 Jun 1.

Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Electronic address:

Workers involved in mining activities are exposed to crystalline silica, which leads to constant pulmonary inflammatory reactions and severe oxidative damage, resulting in silicosis. In this work, we aimed to evaluate inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters as potential early biomarkers of effect to assess crystalline silica toxicity in workers who had occupational exposure during mining. We enrolled 38 workers exposed to crystalline silica (WECS), 24 individuals with silicosis (IWS), and 30 occupationally unexposed workers (OUW), a total of 92 participants. Read More

J Thorac Dis 2018 Apr;10(4):2108-2117

Department of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, Clinical Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.

Background: Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that is characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands and extraglandular organ systems. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is common in pSS patients and is one of the independent risk factors for a poor prognosis. The previously reported characteristics and potential risks contributing to pSS-associated ILD have been controversial. Read More

Clin Exp Rheumatol 2018 Mar-Apr;36 Suppl 111(2):93-98. Epub 2018 May 18.

Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Germany.

Objectives: To examine functional features of CD4+CD8+ double-positive T-cells in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) using phenotypic and transcriptomic analysis.

Methods: Staining of cellular surface marker was performed using freshly collected whole blood. For intracellular cytokine staining freshly collected whole blood was stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin. Read More

Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2018 Jun 10;200:40-51. Epub 2018 Apr 10.

Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

In this study, we administered specially developed chitosan/alginate nanoparticle encapsulated BV (CH/AL-BV) which has slow-releasing properties and mucosal adhesiveness to pig via nasal route and evaluate whether it can facilitate systemic immune response and improve clearance of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The CH/AL-BV-administered group with PRRSV vaccination showed significantly enhanced Th1-related responses including a high population of CD4 T lymphocyte and cytokine mRNA levels including interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-12 and increased PRRSV-specific IgG levels. In the PRRSV challenge experiment, the CH/AL-BV group showed a significant decrease of viral burden in the sera and tissues (lung and bronchial lymph node) and mild interstitial pneumonia signs on both lung gross examination and microscopic evaluation with high levels of PRRSV-specific IgG and viral neutralizing antibody. Read More

Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2018 09 12;14(3):372-376. Epub 2018 May 12.

Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China.

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of immune dysregulation associated with uncontrolled activation of cytotoxic T cells and macrophages. Herein, we report a case of a 14-month-old Chinese boy who presented with fever, abdominal distension and thrombopenia, and died within 3 days of admission to the hospital. Postmortem examination revealed pleuroperitoneal fluid, enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes and hepatosplenomegaly. Read More

J Inflamm Res 2018 24;11:155-167. Epub 2018 Apr 24.

Department of Exercise and Health, Institute of Sports Science, Leibniz University Hannover, Germany.

Long-term cigarette smoking (LTCS) represents an important risk factor for cardiac infarction and stroke and the central risk factor for the development of a bronchial carcinoma, smoking-associated interstitial lung fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The pathophysiologic development of these diseases is suggested to be promoted by chronic and progressive inflammation. Cigarette smoking induces repetitive inflammatory insults followed by a chronic and progressive activation of the immune system. Read More

Infection 2018 Aug 3;46(4):573-576. Epub 2018 May 3.

Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Haut Lévèque, 33600, Pessac, France.

Whipple's disease usually presents as chronic joint pain followed by digestive manifestations. However, many different presentations have been described in the literature. We report here the first proven case of muscular vasculitis related to Whipple's disease, associated with an expansion of circulating activated γδ T lymphocytes. Read More

Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018 6;2018:7459612. Epub 2018 Mar 6.

Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 35, Muscat 123, Al Khoudh, Oman.

Water pipe smoking is a tobacco smoking method commonly used in Eastern countries and is gaining popularity in Europe and North America, in particular among adolescents and young adults. Several clinical and experimental studies have reported that exposure to water pipe smoke (WPS) induces lung inflammation and impairment of pulmonary function. However, the mechanisms of such effects are not understood, as are data on the possible palliative effect of exercise training. Read More