Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Heart Surg Forum 2021 Apr 7;24(2):E359-E362. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.

Background: Lutembacher's syndrome (LS) is a rare cardiovascular anomaly that is defined as any combination of congenital or iatrogenic atrial septal defect (ASD) with congenital or acquired mitral stenosis (MS). The clinical features and hemodynamic effects of LS depend on the balance between ASD and MS.

Case Report: In this case report, we describe a rare case of LS with a huge right atrium in a 39-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital with worsening fatigue and breathlessness on exertion. Read More

Cardiol Res 2018 Dec 7;9(6):385-391. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Intervention Center, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul 06973, Korea.

Even cardiac surgery has been accepted as the standard therapy for Lutembacher syndrome, a combination of congenital ostium secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) and acquired mitral valve stenosis (MVS), it also owns many limitations and disadvantages. Therefore, seeking for a less invasive therapy with the same efficacy may be worthwhile. Thanks to the development in technology and experience gaining in cardiovascular intervention, the combination of the two proved effective procedures, including percutaneous MVS treatment using balloon valvuloplasty and percutaneous ASD closure using atrial septal occluders, can be utilized as an attractive alternative therapy for these conditions. Read More

J Assoc Physicians India 2018 01;66(1):100-1

Senior Resident, Department of Cardiology, Dr. S.N. Medical College Jodhpur, Rajasthan.

Lutembacher syndrome is a rare cardiac abnormality characterized by a combination of congenital atrial septal defect (ASD) and acquired rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS). Here we report a case of 18-year-old male with Lutembacher syndrome successfully treated percutaneously with transcatheter Accura balloon valvuloplasty and Amplatzer septal occluder device closure. Read More

Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018 Oct 30;34(4):516-518. Epub 2018 Apr 30.

Department of Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery, Meenakshi Hospital, Trichy Road, Tanjore, Tamil Nadu State 613005 India.

Lutembacher's syndrome refers to the rare combination of congenital atrial septal defect, usually secundum type and acquired mitral stenosis. However, the presence of sinus venosus atrial septal defect along with severe mitral stenosis and severe pulmonary hypertension is rarely seen, and this article reports on this rarity with its management. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2018 Feb;68(2):340-342

Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi.

Lutembacher syndrome is characterized by a congenital ostium secundum atrial septal defect and an acquired mitral valve stenosis. We present a similar case in a 31-year old male who came in with orthopnoea, central cyanosis and pedal oedema. Examination revealed cardiac murmurs in tricuspid and apical regions. Read More

Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2018 Nov 6;26(9):690-693. Epub 2017 Mar 6.

GB Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India.

Situs inversus with dextrocardia and Lutembacher syndrome is a rare cardiac anomaly. It is associated with other complex cardiac anomalies and anatomical defects. A 30-year-old woman with this condition underwent mitral valve replacement and closure of a secundum atrial septal defect. Read More

J Heart Valve Dis 2017 05;26(3):368-371

First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Atrial septal defects (ASDs) are common immediately after percutaneous mitral commissurotomy (PMC). They are usually small, hemodynamically insignificant, and tend to decrease or disappear within 6 to 12 months. Herein, a case is described of persistent ASD in a patient with mitral valve stenosis who had undergone successful PMC three years previously. Read More

Ann Card Anaesth 2017 Oct-Dec;20(4):456-458

Department of Anaesthesiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

We discuss the case of a 24-year-old woman with Lutembacher syndrome and severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) who underwent surgical closure of atrial septal defect and mitral valve replacement without tricuspid annuloplasty despite a severe TR and a large tricuspid annulus on preoperative echo. The pathophysiology of Lutembacher syndrome is discussed below. The utility of perioperative echocardiography in assessing the annular diameter, tenting area and coaptation depth and thus providing insights into the functioning of the tricuspid valve will also be emphasized. Read More

Indian Heart J 2017 Jan - Feb;69(1):20-23. Epub 2016 Jul 9.

Dr. PK Sen Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.

The mitral valve disease (MVD) in Lutembacher's syndrome has been infrequently analyzed from a pathological standpoint. In this study, we have attempted to elucidate the pathology of MVD in this interesting syndrome in 44 autopsied cases of combined non-primum atrial septal defect (ASD) and MVD collected over 16 years. The patients were divided into 3 groups: Group 1: non-primum ASD with clinically diagnosed mitral stenosis (MS)±regurgitation, Group 2: non-primum ASD with clinically diagnosed mitral regurgitation (MR) and, Group 3: non-primum ASD with no clinically evident MVD, but with mitral valve pathology diagnosed at autopsy. Read More

Sudan J Paediatr 2017 ;17(2):64-67

(2) Sudan Heart Center & Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Khartoum, Sudan.

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children and young adults in developing countries. It results from throat infection with group A beta hemolytic streptococcus that proceeds to acute rheumatic fever (ARF). We report a 13 years old girl from Darfur presenting with recurrent acute rheumatic fever for 4 years that led to affection of all her heart valves with severe mitral and tricuspid regurgitation together with moderate pulmonary and mild aortic valve regurgitation. Read More

J Clin Diagn Res 2016 Oct 1;10(10):OD08-OD09. Epub 2016 Oct 1.

Assistant Professor, Department of CVT, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University , Manipal, Karnataka, India .

Lutembacher syndrome is defined as a combination of congenital Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) with an acquired Mitral Stenosis (MS). There are various challenges involved in the percutaneous management of Lutembacher syndrome. Here, we present a case that had a very small Left Atrium (LA) and Left Ventricle (LV) cavities with an anteriorly placed ASD. Read More

Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2015 Apr;5(2):122-32

1 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon ; 2 Clinical Research Education, Networking and Consultancy, Cameroon ; 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Unit, General Hospital Douala, Douala, Cameroon & Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa ; 4 Global Health Systems Solutions, Limbe, Cameroon ; 5 Department of Medicine, Cardiology Unit, University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon ; 6 Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa ; 7 Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, South Africa ; 8 Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council and University of Cape Town, South Africa.

Lutembacher syndrome (LS) is a rare cardiac abnormality characterized by any combination of a congenital or iatrogenic atrial septal defect (ASD) and a congenital or acquired mitral stenosis (MS). Clinical features and hemodynamic effects of LS depend on the balance of effects of the MS and the ASD. Prognosis is influenced by several factors [pulmonary vascular resistance, right ventricle (RV) compliance, size of ASD and MS severity] but the occurrence of secondary pulmonary hypertension and congestive heart failure is commonly associated with poor outcome. Read More

Minerva Cardioangiol 2014 Oct;62(5):433-6

Department of Cardiology, SVIMS, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India -

Kardiol Pol 2014 ;72(7):660

Gumussuyu Military Hospital, Department of Cardiology.

Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2014 Jun;4(3):263-6

1 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon ; 2 Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Douala, Douala, Cameroon ; 3 St Elisabeth Catholic General Hospital, Cardiothoracic Centre, Shisong, Cameroon.

Introduction: Lutembacher syndrome (LS) is a rare cardiac clinical entity marked by the combination of an atrial septal defect (ASD) and mitral stenosis (MS). Its prognosis is influenced by several factors.

Case Report: We present the case of a young adult male who presented with a 10-month history of exertional dyspnea, orthopnoea, fatigue and cough. Read More

Indian Heart J 2014 May-Jun;66(3):355-7. Epub 2014 May 15.

Professor, Department of Cardiology, Dr RML Hospital and PGIMER, New Delhi, India. Electronic address:

Background: The surgical management of Lutembacher syndrome is straight forward but percutaneous management, though technically demanding, is always desirable.

Methods: A 17 year old unmarried female presented with severe Mitral stenosis and a 19 mm almost circular Ostium secundum ASD with moderate pulmonary artery hypertension and dilated right sided chambers. She was managed in a staged manner. Read More

J Card Surg 2014 Jul 15;29(4):569-71. Epub 2014 May 15.

Fortis Escorts Heart Institute, New Delhi, India.

Lutembacher's syndrome is an uncommon combination of a congenital ostium secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) with acquired mitral stenosis (MS). The incidence of this condition is very rare. The symptoms are dependent upon the size of the ASD, severity of the MS, compliance of the right ventricle and pulmonary artery hypertension. Read More

Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2014 Jan;7(1):37-40

Department of Cardiology, Advanced Cardiac Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

An 18-year-old male with Lutembacher's syndrome underwent balloon mitral valvotomy (BMV) and device closure of the atrial septal defect (ASD). BMV necessitated technical modification of taking the Inoue balloon over the wire (OTW) into the left ventricle (LV). The procedure was complicated by slippage of ASD device into the right atrium, which was managed successfully by percutaneous retrieval, and deployment of a larger device. Read More

Pediatr Cardiol 2013 Apr 25;34(4):1050-1. Epub 2012 Oct 25.

Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Cardiothoracic Centre, New Delhi, 110029, India.

Pediatr Cardiol 2013 13;34(8):1985-8. Epub 2012 Oct 13.

Department of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Diseases, Fortis Escorts Heart Institute, 123, Anand Kunj, Vikas Puri, New Delhi, 110018, India,

Lutembacher syndrome involving the association of congenital atrial septal defect (ASD), usually of the ostium secundum variety, and mitral valve disease is a well-known entity. Its association with a coronary sinus, ASD, and a persistent left superior vena cava (LSVC) draining into the left atrium (LA) (Raghib syndrome) is rarely described in the literature. This association in a 15-year-old boy erroneously deemed to be inoperable before referral to the authors' hospital due to cyanosis in the presence of atrial septal defect (ASD) and mitral stenosis is described in this report. Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2012 Oct;22(10):666-8

Department of Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.

Lutembacher syndrome is a rare combination of atrial septal defect (ASD) and mitral stenosis. Symptoms depend on the size of ASD, extent of mitral stenosis and degree of changes in the pulmonary circulation. Presentation can be due to cardiac failure, atrial arrhythmias, dyspnoea, exercise intolerance, paradoxical emboli or other disease related complications like pulmonary hypertension and infective endocarditis. Read More

J Cardiovasc Dis Res 2012 Apr;3(2):179-81

Department of Medicine, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, Dhebewadi Road, Karad, Dist. Satara, Maharashtra, India.

The definition of Lutembacher's syndrome has undergone many changes. It refers to combination of congenital Atrial Septal Defect with acquired mitral stenosis. Lutembacher's syndrome is a very rare disease and in the past, it has been either overdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. Read More

Heart Views 2011 Jul;12(3):107-11

Department of Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.

Incidence of congenital cardiac anomalies in dextrocardia with situs inversus is low as compared to congenital cardiac anomalies in isolated dextrocardia. We describe the first ever case of situs inversus with dextrocardia, Lutembacher's syndrome, and pericardial effusion. The pericardial effusion in our case was acquired and was tubercular in etiology. Read More

J Invasive Cardiol 2012 Mar;24(3):E54-6

Department of Cardiology, Yashoda Hospital, Secunderabad, India.

Most cases of combination congenital cardiac anomalies are treated with open-heart surgeries because the coexisting anomalies change the cardiac anatomy in an adverse way, making catheter manipulations complex. Lutembacher syndrome is a combination of acquired mitral stenosis and congenital ostium secundum atrial septal defect. The large defect in the septum makes an Inoue balloon catheter unstable, which provides excessive space for free floatation of the catheter, making its passage into the left ventricle difficult by Inoue technique. Read More

Medicina (B Aires) 2011 ;71(4):366-8

Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Privado Centro Médico de Córdoba, Argentina.

We report the case of an 82 year-old woman with symptoms of advanced heart failure and pulmonary arterial hypertension. An echocardiogram showed an ostium secundum type atrial septal defect and concomitant mitral valve stenosis (Lutembacher syndrome). Echocardiographic assessment of mitral pathology was hampered by the interatrial septal defect. Read More

Acta Med Iran 2011 ;49(5):327-30

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Yazd University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.

Lutembacher syndrome refers to the rare combination of a congenital atrial septal defect and acquired mitral stenosis. Traditionally, Lutembacher syndrome has been corrected by surgical treatment. We describe two patients treated percutaneouly with a combined Inoue balloon valvuloplasty and septal defect closure using the Amplatzer septal occlusion device. Read More

Circulation 2011 Feb;123(5):e222-4

Northwestern Memorial Hospital, 201 E Huron, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.

Chest 2011 Feb;139(2):443-445

Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Hospital, Miami, FL.

We describe an unusual case of orthodeoxia platypnea syndrome exacerbated by right ventricular inflow obstruction due to iatrogenic steroid-induced adipose deposition in cardiac tissues. A 68-year-old man on long-term prednisone therapy for eosinophilic pneumonia presented with progressive dyspnea worsened by bending forward. By using pulse oximetry, he was noted to have positional hypoxemia. Read More

Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars 2010 Jan;38(1):47-9

Department of Cardiology, Medicine Faculty of Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.

Lutembacher syndrome is a rare combination of congenital atrial septal defect (ASD) and acquired mitral stenosis (MS). Although it is traditionally corrected by surgical treatment, both conditions are amenable to transcatheter treatment without the need for surgery. We present a 49-year-old woman with Lutembacher syndrome. Read More