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BMC Infect Dis 2020 Jun 20;20(1):431. Epub 2020 Jun 20.

Department of Infection Control Science, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.

Background: Good's syndrome (GS) is characterized by immunodeficiency, and can lead to severe infection, which is the most significant complication. Although Mycobacterium rarely causes infection in patients with GS, disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection frequently occurs in GS patients that are also positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or anti-interferon (IFN)-γ autoantibodies. Here, we report a rare case of GS with NTM without HIV or IFN-γ autoantibodies. Read More

Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2020 Jun;49(6):562-567

Department of Pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China.

To investigate the clinicopathological features of non-tuberculosis mycobacterial lung disease and the role of molecular pathology in diagnosis. Forty-five formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) specimens were collected from the Department of Pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital from February 2016 to August 2019. The clinical, imaging and histopathologic features, bacteriologic data and morphologic characteristics of acid fast bacilli (AFB) were analyzed retrospectively. Read More

Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2019 Dec;42(12):901-906

Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai Key Lab of Tuberculosis, Shanghai 200433, China.

To investigate the clinical characteristics and drug susceptibility test (DST) of patients infected with different nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). The patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NMLD) in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from March 2014 to March 2015 were studied retrospectively by analyzing the clinical characteristics, radiological features and DST results. A total of 201 NMLD patients [male 108, age(58±15) yrs] were enrolled into this study including 48 cases of [male 13, age (52±16) yrs],46 cases of [male 46, age (57±16) yrs], 92 cases of [male 43, age (61±13) yrs], and 15 cases of [male 6, age (67±10) yrs]. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Nov;98(48):e18179

Department of Internal medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea.

Rationale: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is regarded as an immune-mediated systemic fibroinflammatory disease. Several studies have linked IgG4-RD to infections such as tuberculosis and actinomycosis. However, the coexistence of IgG4-RD and non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) in a single pulmonary nodule has not been reported yet. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2019 Oct 29;19(1):909. Epub 2019 Oct 29.

Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Background: Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections occur mostly in immunocompromised patients. Therefore, it is difficult to diagnose disseminated NTM infections in patients without history of immunocompromised diseases or using immunosuppressant. Patients with anti-interferon-γ (IFN-γ) autoantibodies are vulnerable to intracellular infections, such as disseminated NTM. Read More

Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 2019 Aug;31(8):1033-1036

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China. Corresponding author: Liu Xiaoqing, Email:

Objective: To study the risk factors and the clinical characteristics of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) pulmonary diseases in patients with mechanical ventilation.

Methods: Retrospective survey was carried out in the patients with mechanical ventilation who combined with NTM pulmonary disease admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from May 2016 to May 2019. The general information, basic diseases, symptoms, signs, biochemical examinations, acid-fast stain test, mycobacterium culture and strain identification results, and chest CT data were collected to summarize the clinical characteristics of patients with mechanical ventilation combined with NTM pulmonary disease. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Sep;98(36):e16826

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.

The purpose of this study was to present the computed tomographic (CT) findings of lung abnormalities in macrolide-resistant Mycobacterium massiliense pulmonary disease and its changes in follow-up CT after antibiotic treatment.Chest CT scans of patients with macrolide-resistant M massiliense pulmonary disease (n = 19) were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were treated with multidrug therapy, and sputum examinations were performed. Read More

J Infect Chemother 2020 Jan 23;26(1):136-139. Epub 2019 Jul 23.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Hospital, Japan.

Mycolicibacter kumamotonensis (M. kumamotonensis), formerly Mycobacterium kumamotonense, is a nontuberculous mycobacteria species, which was first separated from Mycobacterium terrae complex in 2006. Reports about infections caused by M. Read More

Respir Med 2019 06 8;152:74-80. Epub 2019 May 8.

Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan.

Background And Objectives: The incidence of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is increasing, while that of tuberculosis (TB) is decreasing in many industrialized countries, including Japan. However, the long-term evaluation of clinico-epidemiological features of NTM-PD in relation to TB are limited. We aimed to clarify the long-term changes in the epidemiology and clinical features of NTM-PD in relation to those of TB at a nationally-designated TB center in Japan. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2019 May 22;19(1):454. Epub 2019 May 22.

Otsu City Hospital, 2-9-9, Motomiya, Otsu-city, Shiga Prefecture, Japan.

Background: Mycolicibacterium phlei (M. phlei) is known to be a non-pathogenic nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) which rarely causes diseases in humans. A disseminated NTM infection is mostly caused by the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and is known to develop in immunocompromised hosts, like those with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Read More

Respir Med 2019 05 28;151:19-26. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Departments of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Background: Aggressive therapy for Mycobacterium kansasii-pulmonary disease (MK-PD) is recommended because of the virulence of MK. However, some clinicians may be concerned regarding the lengthy course and numerous adverse effects. This study evaluated the natural course of MK-PD and investigated its prognostic factors. Read More

Pulm Med 2019 3;2019:5942783. Epub 2019 Feb 3.

Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Background: Since nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is a condition with increasing morbidity, a more detailed knowledge of radiological aspects and pulmonary function plays a relevant role in the diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic management of these patients.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in lung parenchyma through computed tomography (CT) densitometry and, secondarily, to analyze its correlation with pulmonary function testing (PFT) in patients with NTM-PD.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which 31 patients with NTM-PD and 27 controls matched by sex, age, and body mass index underwent CT pulmonary densitovolumetry and pulmonary function tests including spirometry and body plethysmograph. Read More

Respir Med 2019 03 30;148:37-42. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address:

Background: Mycobacterium kansasii is a major pathogen associated with nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease. For treatment of M. kansasii pulmonary disease, daily therapy with isoniazid, rifampin, and ethambutol is traditionally recommended. Read More

BMC Pulm Med 2019 Feb 21;19(1):46. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Department of Infectious Disease, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Colton, USA.

Background: Opportunistic infections, while well studied in the AIDS population, continue to have variable and surprising presentations. Here, we present a case of disseminated histoplasmosis with disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in a 50 year old man with long standing AIDS living in a non-endemic area.

Case Presentation: Patient presented with a constellation of symptoms, and imaging of the chest showed a pulmonary mass with cavitation, multiple nodules, and ground glass opacities. Read More

BMC Pulm Med 2019 Feb 15;19(1):41. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Background: Pulmonary carcinoids are included in the group of neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and derive from pulmonary neuroendocrine cells. The incidence of these tumors is increasing, but disease awareness remains low among clinicians. The synchronous presentation of lung cancer and mycobacterial infection is well known but the combination of pulmonary carcinoid and mycobacterial infection is rare. Read More

Curr Drug Saf 2019 ;14(2):147-150

Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Operative Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy.

Background: Either direct or indirect tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha blockers are usually used to treat psoriatic arthritis (PA), but their use can increase susceptibility to infectious diseases.

Case Presentation: We report a rare case of double skin-knee wound and lung non-tubercular infection in a patient with PA under TNF-alpha blockers therapy. About 1 year after the beginning of adalimumab, a 48-year-old smoker suffering of PA was hospitalized for the skin-knee wound. Read More

Respir Investig 2019 Mar 28;57(2):157-164. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan. Electronic address:

Background: As lung cancer development in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD) has never been reported, we investigated its incidence and clinical characteristics.

Methods: Prospective observational cohort registry (from June 2012 to June 2017), and retrospective identification by the International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision (between March 2010 and March 2018), were used to identify NTM-LD patients aged ≥20 years who developed lung cancer.

Results: Eight patients (two men and six women, one with smoking history), having Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease (MAC-LD) were identified. Read More

N Engl J Med 2018 Dec;379(26):2558-2565

From the Departments of Medicine (J.E.M., C.J.R.), Radiology (J.S.H.), and Pathology (L.P.H.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Medicine (J.E.M., C.J.R.), Radiology (J.S.H.), and Pathology (L.P.H.), Harvard Medical School - both in Boston.

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019 Feb 14;38(2):373-381. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Mycobacterium xenopi pulmonary disease (Mxe-PD) is common among nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in Europe and Canada. Associations between radiological pattern and clinical features and outcomes are inadequately studied in Mxe-PD. We sought to investigate clinical characteristics and outcomes according to the dominant radiological pattern among patients with Mxe-PD. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2018 Dec 14;18(1):659. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Département des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 103, Grande-Rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69317, cedex 04, Lyon, France.

Background: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) lung diseases are increasingly recognized as chronic opportunistic infections, occurring in individuals with a wide variety of underlying conditions. In the absence of systemic immunodeficiency, decision of NTM lung disease treatment must relies on a careful risk/benefit assessment, given the requirement of long-term administration of multidrug therapies supported by limited evidence. The primary objective was to identify the factors associated with anti-NTM treatment initiation. Read More

Sci Rep 2018 12 13;8(1):17826. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

The clinical significance of a single Mycobacterium kansasii (MK) isolation in multiple sputum samples remains unknown. We conducted this study to evaluate the outcome and predictors of developing MK-pulmonary disease (PD) within 1 year among these patients. Patients with a single MK isolation from ≥3 sputum samples collected within 3 months and ≥2 follow-up sputum samples and chest radiography in the subsequent 9 months between 2008 and 2016 were included. Read More

Int J Mycobacteriol 2018 Oct-Dec;7(4):355-357

Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: The use of imaging techniques is important for prompt diagnosis and treatment of atypical mycobacterial infections; it also reduces the burden of these infections. The purpose of the present study was to determine the association between computed tomography (CT) scan findings of pulmonary infection caused by atypical mycobacteria and bacillus count in sputum samples.

Methods: This cross-sectional, observational, comparative study included 50 consecutive patients with pulmonary infection caused by atypical mycobacteria, who were hospitalized in Masih-Daneshvari Hospital of Tehran, Iran during 2012-2017. Read More

Respir Med 2018 12 22;145:66-72. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:

Background And Objective: No reports exist regarding skeletal muscle involvement in patients with Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease (MAC-LD). The cross-sectional area of the erector spinae muscles (ESM) reflects physical activity and can be assessed by computed tomography (CT). We investigated the relationship between ESM and physiological parameters and prognosis in MAC-LD patients. Read More

Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2018 11 26;138(19). Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Bakgrunn: Lungeinfeksjoner med ikke-tuberkuløse mykobakterier påvises jevnlig i klinisk praksis. Diagnostikk og behandling er utfordrende, og internasjonale retningslinjer bygger i stor grad på erfaring og kasuistikker. Temaet er kort og generelt omtalt i Tuberkuloseveilederen, utover det finnes ingen nasjonal behandlingsveileder om temaet. Read More

Kyobu Geka 2018 11;71(12):1056-1059

Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Sakaide City Hospital, Sakaide, Japan.

A 70-year-old woman had undergone right S8+9 segmentectomy for stage I A lung cancer. Surgical staplers were used for an intersegmental line. Two years after surgery, routine chest computed tomography(CT) showed a 40-mm mass around the staple line in the right lower lobe, and positron emission tomography (PET) was positive. Read More

Tunis Med 2018 May;96(5):311-313

The association achalasia and non tuberculous Mycobacteria lung infection is described in the literature. Most of the time Mycobacterium Fortuitum is responsible of aspiration pneumonia that didn't respond to usual antibiotic therapy. We report a new case about a 15 year-old woman with Allgrove's syndrome history. Read More

Tunis Med 2018 Mar;96(3):227-229

The association between achalasia and no tuberculosis mycobacterial   lung infection is well described in the literature. MycobactériumFortuitum is often responsible, and the clinical's presentation   is an aspiration pneumonia resistant to usual antibiotic therapy. We report the case of a 15 year-old patient with the history of Allgrove syndrome. Read More

Infection 2018 Dec 8;46(6):861-865. Epub 2018 Oct 8.

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.

The radiologic surveillance of smokers with low-dose CT scan has led to a significant surge of radiologic incidental findings, including the detection of early stages of pulmonary infections including nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). This causes a state of overdiagnosis and potential overtreatment of NTM lung disease. Here we propose a new approach to NTM pulmonary disease in the era of increased CT scanning. Read More

Transpl Infect Dis 2019 Feb 3;21(1):e12999. Epub 2018 Oct 3.

Département de Microbiologie médicale et Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Good outcomes with kidney and liver transplantation in HIV-positive patients have led clinicians to recommend lung transplantation in HIV-positive patients based on extrapolated data. Pre-transplant mycobacterial infection is associated with an increased risk of developing new infection or aggravating existing infection, though it does not contraindicate transplantation in non-HIV-infected patients. However, no data exists regarding the outcome of HIV-positive patients with pre-transplant mycobacterial infection. Read More

BMC Health Serv Res 2018 Sep 10;18(1):700. Epub 2018 Sep 10.

Institute for Epidemiology, University Medical Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (Member of the German Center for Lung Research [ARCN]), Kiel, Germany.

Background: Management of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTMLD) consists of a long-term multi-drug antibiotic regimen, yet many patients do not achieve culture conversion. We estimated the NTMLD-related direct medical costs in Canada, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom (UK) among refractory patients who were infected with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), without concomitant cystic fibrosis, tuberculosis, or HIV.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational physician survey of nationally representative samples. Read More

Respir Med 2018 09 9;142:1-6. Epub 2018 Jul 9.

Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada. Electronic address:

Background And Objectives: Lung resection in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is considered when medical therapy alone fails to provide long term control. Data regarding comparative and long-term outcomes are limited. We aimed to review indications and outcomes of adjuvant lung resection for NTM-PD compared with controls. Read More

BMC Pulm Med 2018 Aug 31;18(1):145. Epub 2018 Aug 31.

National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Background: Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) pulmonary disease has conventionally been classified on the basis of radiology into fibrocavitary and nodular-bronchiectatic disease. Whilst being of great clinical utility, this may not capture the full spectrum of radiological appearances present. The aim of this study was to use latent class analysis (LCA) as an unbiased method of grouping subjects with NTM-pulmonary disease based on their CT features and to compare the clinical characteristics of these groups. Read More

Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019 Feb 30;67(2):234-238. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Yamaguchi-Ube Medical Center, Ube, Japan.

Objectives: We previously reported that the use of a stapler to divide intersegmental planes did not decrease preserved pulmonary volume or function relative to electrocautery. However, preservation of pulmonary volume or function can be compromised when a stapler is used with larger intersegmental planes. Here, we assessed the correlations between preserved lung volume and pulmonary function after segmentectomy and the size of the intersegmental planes, based on the division method. Read More

Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2018 Jun 2;39(3):351-361. Epub 2018 Aug 2.

Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Tyler, Texas.

complex (MAC) is the most commonly isolated nontuberculous mycobacterial respiratory pathogen worldwide. MAC lung disease is manifested either by fibrocavitary radiographic changes similar to pulmonary tuberculosis or by bronchiectasis with nodular and reticulonodular radiographic changes. This latter form of MAC lung disease, termed "nodular bronchiectatic (NB) MAC lung disease" is the most common form of MAC lung disease in the United States. Read More

J Thorac Imaging 2018 Sep;33(5):334-343

Pulmonary Section, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

Chronic cavitary lung disease is an uncommon manifestation of pulmonary infection, and is a pattern which worldwide is most commonly caused by reactivation tuberculosis. Other organisms, however, can cause similar radiologic patterns. Endemic fungi have long been recognized as potential causes of this pattern in North and South America, but the frequency with which these diseases present with chronic cavities in North America is relatively small. Read More

J Thorac Imaging 2018 Sep;33(5):322-333

Pulmonary Section, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

Lung cavitation may be due to infectious or noninfectious pathologic processes. The latter category includes nonmalignant conditions, such as granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and malignant conditions, such as squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Infectious etiologies that produce lung cavitation usually cause chronic illness, although some, particularly pyogenic bacteria, may produce acute cavitary disease. Read More

Int J Mycobacteriol 2018 Apr-Jun;7(2):178-182

Department of Pulmonology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.

Backgrounds: Bronchiectasis (BE) with nodules on chest computed tomography (CT) is one of the radiological findings of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) lung disease. However, the NTM lung disease is not diagnosed in some patients who undergo bronchoscopy, though their radiological findings show BE with nodules. We need the indicator to distinguish the patients who would not be given the diagnosis of NTM lung disease with bronchoscopy. Read More

Respir Med 2018 06 9;139:91-100. Epub 2018 May 9.

Department of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address:

Background: Studies concerning sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory features of Mycobacterium kansasii pulmonary disease are few and based on small patient cohorts. The objective of the study was to evaluate characteristics of patients from whom M. kansasii respiratory isolates were recovered and to provide a detailed description of M. Read More

Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2018 09;19(9):974

Heart & Vascular Institute, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1415 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, USA.

Pneumologie 2018 Sep 22;72(9):641-643. Epub 2018 May 22.

Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf.

A 38 years old patient presented with a progressive reduction of his general condition and weight loss. Chest imaging revealed consolidations and cavities suggesting a mycobacterial infection. For further diagnosis, a bronchoscopy was performed. Read More

Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018 Apr;17(2):100-109

Cell and Molecular Biology Group, Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are categorized as one of the large and diverse groups of environmental organisms which are abundant in water and soil.  NTM cause a variety of diseases in humans that mainly affect the lung. A predisposition to pulmonary NTM is evident in patients with parenchymal structural diseases including bronchiectasis, emphysema, tuberculosis (TB), cystic fibrosis (CF), rheumatologic lung diseases and other chronic diseases with pulmonary manifestations. Read More

Int J Surg Pathol 2018 Oct 2;26(7):629-634. Epub 2018 May 2.

1 Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and Associated Regional and University Pathologists Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Mycobacterial spindle cell pseudotumor (MSP) is a rare benign spindle cell lesion containing acid-fact mycobacteria. These lesions are most commonly identified in the lymph nodes, skin, spleen, or bone marrow of immunocompromised patients and only rarely involve the lungs. We report 3 cases of pulmonary MSP, which include 2 patients who are known to be HIV-positive. Read More

Adv Respir Med 2018 ;86(1):17-22

Instytut Grużicy i Chorób Płuc, UL. Płocka 26, 01-138 Warszawa, Poland.

Mycobacterial lung disease is caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), also known as atypical mycobacteria. NTM are widely distributed in the environment, particularly in soil and water; they may colonize the airways, gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary system, without the apparent signs of disease. Nevertheless, in some risk groups such as patients with chronic lung diseases or with immunodeficiency, mycobacterial lung disease is identified. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Feb 8;2018. Epub 2018 Feb 8.

Respiratory Medicine, Kurobe City Hospital, Kurobe, Japan.

We report two cases of pleurisy caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria followed by pneumothorax. The onset of pleurisy was accompanied by acute fever. Cultured samples of the pleural effusions from the two patients, an 80-year-old man and an 87-year-old woman, were ultimately found to contain and , respectively. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Feb 2;2018. Epub 2018 Feb 2.

Occupational Health Services, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.

We present the case of a 69-year-old man with significant respiratory comorbidities who presented with slow growing pulmonary nodules which cavitated. Subsequent sputum sampling grew , a non-tuberculous mycobacterium species and an uncommon cause of infection in the UK. We describe the diagnostic process and subsequent treatment regimen. Read More

J Infect Chemother 2018 Jun 1;24(6):483-486. Epub 2018 Mar 1.

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.

Pulmonary infection due to Mycobacterium heckeshornense (M. heckeshornense) in healthy adults without underlying diseases is very rare and optimal treatments have not yet been established. A 39-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for further examinations following the identification of a pulmonary cavitary nodule. Read More

Clin Microbiol Infect 2018 Jun 5;24(6):671-672. Epub 2018 Jan 5.

Respiratory Disease Centre, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan.

J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect 2017 14;7(6):372-377. Epub 2017 Dec 14.

Pulmonary and Critical Care Department, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.

: () has low pathogenicity and usually requires either host immune impairment or structural lung disease to cause clinical disease. Fatal cavitary infection in a patient without immunosuppression is rarely presented. : A 62-year-old female with history of sarcoidosis and hypertension presented with cough, fever and dyspnea for one week. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2018 01 2;18(1). Epub 2018 Jan 2.

Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.

Background: Presence of Mycobacterium fortuitum in respiratory tracts usually indicates mere colonization or transient infection, whereas true pulmonary infection occurs in patients with gastroesophageal disease. However, little is known about the diagnostic indications for true M. fortuitum pulmonary infection and the natural history of the disease. Read More

Pol J Microbiol 2019 ;68(1):15-19

The First Department of Lung Diseases, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases , Warsaw , Poland.

Interferon gamma releasing assays (IGRAs) are extensively used in the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infections. Comparing to tuberculin skin test (TST) they lack false positive results in the populations vaccinated with BCG, and in most non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections. Nevertheless, , and may induce positive IGRAs due to RD1 homology with The aim of the study was to investigate the possible influence of NTM respiratory isolates on the results of IGRAs. Read More