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Radiol Clin North Am 2022 May;60(3):399-408

Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address:

Mycobacterial species other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae constitute nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). NTM infections are on the rise, particularly in the Western world. They cause a wide range of pulmonary and systemic manifestations. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2022 Mar 24;15(3). Epub 2022 Mar 24.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are one of the predominant microbes observed in immunocompromised patients with structural lung disease. Especially in immunocompromised patients, the treating physician needs to be aware of concurrent lung infections with opportunistic pathogens. In this case report we present a man in his 60s with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bullous emphysema, who was diagnosed with but with persistent clinical deterioration despite relevant treatment for NTM. Read More

IDCases 2022 15;28:e01476. Epub 2022 Mar 15.

Department of Internal Medicine, Hino Municipal Hospital, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan.

(. ) was first reported in patients with pulmonary infection or lymphadenitis in 2009. To date, fewer than 20 cases of pulmonary or extra-pulmonary infections have been reported with the bacterium, and the clinical features remain unclear. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Feb;101(6):e28809

Department of Clinical Investigation, National Hospital Organization Kochi Hospital, 1-2-25 Asakuranishimachi, Kochi city, Kochi, Japan.

Rationale: Mycobacterium peregrinum is a member of the group of rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria. It mainly causes surgical site and catheter-related infections, while pulmonary infection is rare. We herein present a case of pulmonary infection caused by M peregrinum. Read More

Semin Roentgenol 2022 Jan 27;57(1):75-89. Epub 2021 Oct 27.

Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School - Baystate, Springfield, MA.

Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is increasingly recognized in the U.S. and worldwide as a debilitating disease that is challenging to diagnose and manage. Read More

Kyobu Geka 2021 Dec;74(13):1132-1135

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan.

A 70-year-old woman underwent right S6 segmentectomy and left S6 partial resection for lung metastasis of uterine cervix cancer. Although she received adjuvant chemotherapy, chest computed tomography revealed a new pulmonary nodule on the staple stump of the right lung. We diagnosed the tumor as local recurrence at the stump and planned to continue chemotherapy. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2021 Dec 6;21(1):1216. Epub 2021 Dec 6.

Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.

Background: The diagnosis and treatment of patients with bronchiectasis and nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) pulmonary disease are challenging issues and the treatment is also prolonged and depends on the species. There is limited information on patients with bronchiectasis and NTM pulmonary disease in Mainland China.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2021 Oct;9(29):8879-8887

Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou 412000, Hunan Province, China.

Background: (), a slow-growing, acid-resistant mycobacterial species, was first isolated from the sputum of a lung infection patient in South Korea in 2014. Infections caused by are rare.

Case Summary: Herein, we report the case of a 53-year-old patient who presented with fever and low back pain. Read More

BMC Pulm Med 2021 Oct 26;21(1):333. Epub 2021 Oct 26.

Department of Bacteriology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.

Background: Recent studies report very low adherence of practitioners to ATS/IDSA recommendations for the treatment of nontuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary disease (NTM-PD), as well as a great variability of practices. Type of management could impact prognosis.

Methods: To evaluate management and prognosis of patients with NTM-PD cases with respect to ATS recommendations, we conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study (18 sentinel sites distributed throughout France), over a period of six years. Read More

J Infect Chemother 2022 Feb 28;28(2):290-294. Epub 2021 Sep 28.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) rarely cause vertebral osteomyelitis; however, the clinical characteristics of vertebral osteomyelitis caused by NTM are poorly understood due to its rarity. A 74-year-old man with lung cancer was treated with prednisolone for immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated immune-related adverse events. He had been experiencing mild back pain without febrile episodes for five months, and was admitted to the hospital for worsening back pain and progressive paraplegia. Read More

Clin Lab 2021 Aug;67(8)

Background: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection is on the rise worldwide. Chronic pulmonary infection can be difficult to diagnose, and thus easily misdiagnosed and mistreated in clinical practice, leading to serious complications. Case presentation, methods and results: A patient with NTM pulmonary infection, who had undergone a lengthy treatment course in two different hospitals, resulting in drug related multi-organ damage, was presented. Read More

J Thorac Imaging 2022 May 21;37(3):140-145. Epub 2021 Jul 21.

Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine.

Background: Asymptomatic colonization by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) found in sputum isolates are commonly encountered and clinicians lack a biomarker for prognosticating the risk of transition asymptomatic colonization to active clinical disease. Chest computed tomography (CT) imaging is commonly obtained in this patient population and may serve a role for this purpose.

Methods: We conducted a single-center, cross-sectional study of patients followed in the NTM clinic at our center between August 2019 and August 2020. Read More

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021 12 16;48(13):4293-4306. Epub 2021 Jun 16.

TCM Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: To develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a deep learning framework (3D-ResNet) based on CT images to distinguish nontuberculous mycobacterium lung disease (NTM-LD) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis lung disease (MTB-LD).

Method: Chest CT images of 301 with NTM-LD and 804 with MTB-LD confirmed by pathogenic microbiological examination were retrospectively collected. The differences between the clinical manifestations of the two diseases were analysed. Read More

Chest 2021 10 3;160(4):1350-1359. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.

Background: GATA2 deficiency is a genetic disorder of hematopoiesis, lymphatics, and immunity caused by autosomal dominant or sporadic mutations in GATA2. The disease has a broad phenotype encompassing immunodeficiency, myelodysplasia, leukemia, and vascular or lymphatic dysfunction as well as prominent pulmonary manifestations.

Research Question: What are the pulmonary manifestations of GATA2 deficiency?

Study Design And Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of clinical medical records, diagnostic imaging, pulmonary pathologic specimens, and tests of pulmonary function. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2021 May;70(5)

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, PR China.

complex (MAC) has been reported as the most common aetiology of lung disease involving nontuberculous mycobacteria. Antimicrobial susceptibility and clinical characteristics may differ between and . We aimed to evaluate the differences in antimicrobial susceptibility profiles between two major MAC species ( and ) from patients with pulmonary infections and to provide epidemiologic data with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) distributions. Read More

Rom J Intern Med 2021 Dec 20;59(4):369-374. Epub 2021 Nov 20.

Division of Respiratory Medicine, Mito Medical Center, University of Tsukuba-Mito Kyodo General Hospital, Miya-machi 3-2-7, Mito-city, Ibaraki, 310-0015, Japan.

Nontuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) of the lungs can develop nodules. In order to clarify some of the characteristics of lung NTM nodules, we examined volume doubling time (VDT) and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in positron emission tomography (PET) of pathologically diagnosed NTM nodules. . Read More

Intern Med 2022 Jan 12;61(1):23-27. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan.

Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections are an emerging problem. Common organisms include Mycobacterium avium, M. intracellulare, and M. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Apr;100(14):e25193

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.

Abstract: The incidence of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection is high in patients with underlying lung disease such as bronchiectasis. Although previous studies have reported many risk factors contributing to the development of NTM-lung disease (LD), only a few reports on the relationship of the characteristics of patients, such as body mass index (BMI), skeletal mass, and fat mass, with NTM-LD have been published. We aimed to investigate the association between these parameters and NTM-LD in patients with bronchiectasis. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Mar 5;14(3). Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Pulmonology Department, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal.

Non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease may have different clinical manifestations. We report a case of a 64-year-old woman presenting with persistent respiratory complaints, fever and radiological findings. Initially, she was diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia, but after being submitted to an extensive investigation, including CT-guided transthoracic lung biopsy, a diagnosis of organising pneumonia (OP) was established. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 02 2;11(1):2777. Epub 2021 Feb 2.

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

There is no validated clinical biomarker for disease severity or treatment response for nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). We investigated the correlation between elevated serum carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 levels and NTM-PD disease activity, defined using an imaging severity score based on chest computed tomography (CT). We retrospectively examined 79 patients with NTM-PD who underwent serum CA19-9 level assessments and chest CT less than 1 month apart. Read More

Chest 2021 06 10;159(6):2218-2221. Epub 2021 Jan 10.

Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, CO; Department of Academic Affairs, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO. Electronic address:

Lung 2021 02 9;199(1):21-27. Epub 2021 Jan 9.

Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.

Introduction: E-cigarette or vaping product use associated lung injury (EVALI) has been an important health risk in both children and adults. The pathophysiology of EVALI is not well understood. However, it is speculated that certain substances such as Vitamin E Acetate (VEA), particularly in marijuana containing vape cartridges may result in lung injury and lead to respiratory dysfunction. Read More

Int J Infect Dis 2021 Mar 29;104:178-180. Epub 2020 Dec 29.

Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Medicine and Ventilatory Support, Medical Mission Hospital, Central Clinic Würzburg, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

A 57-year-old Caucasian woman suffered from dyspnea on exertion. One year following a supposed pulmonary embolism event, a chronic thromboembolic vasculopathy was diagnosed and a pulmonary thromboendarterectomy was performed. However, a granulomatous pulmonary arterial vasculitis was identified upon examination. Read More

Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2020 Nov;43(11):947-952

State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease，Department of Tuberculosis in Guangzhou Chest Hospital，Guangzhou 510095，China.

To explore the clinical characteristics of non-tuberculous mycobacterium(NTM) pulmonary disease complicated with tracheobronchial lesions. From January 2014 to December 2018, there were 1 006 patients who were admitted to Guangzhou Chest Hospital for the first time and received examination by bronchoscopy. A total of 89 patients with complete data were selected, including 40 males and 49 females, aged 20 to 85 years, with 46 patients (52%) aged 60 years or older. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2020 29;2020:6287545. Epub 2020 Sep 29.

Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.

An increasing number of patients infected with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are observed worldwide. However, it is challenging to identify NTM lung diseases from pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) due to considerable overlap in classic manifestations and clinical and radiographic characteristics. This study quantifies both cavitary and bronchiectasis regions in CT images and explores a machine learning approach for the differentiation of NTM lung diseases and PTB. Read More

Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2020 11;53:e20200241. Epub 2020 Sep 11.

Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.

The incidence and prevalence of lung disease caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM-LD) has increased worldwide and its diagnosis represents a complex challenge. This article aims to review the tomographic findings of NTM-LD in order to facilitate their definitive diagnosis. The search for publications on the subject was performed in PMC and Scielo using the keywords 'non-tuberculous mycobacteria', 'lung disease and computed tomography (CT)' and 'radiological findings'. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 Sep 9;21(18). Epub 2020 Sep 9.

Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.

Pulmonary infections caused by (MA) have increased over recent decades, affecting individuals with underlying pathologies such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis and, especially, cystic fibrosis. The lack of a representative and standardized model of chronic infection in mice has limited steps forward in the field of pulmonary infection. To overcome this challenge, we refined the method of agar beads to establish chronic infection in immunocompetent mice. Read More

J Infect Dis 2020 08;222(Suppl 4):S199-S211

Professor of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine Professor of Public Health, School of Public Health Oregon Health and Science University Portland, OR, USA.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous in the environment and an important cause of disease. The most common species causing pulmonary disease are members of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). MAC pulmonary disease (MAC-PD) can be chronic, debilitating, costly, and associated with a high mortality. Read More

Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020 10;202(8):1169-1170

Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

J Bras Pneumol 2020;46(6):e20190345. Epub 2020 Jul 15.

Instituto de Doenças do Tórax, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Objective To evaluate clinical, tomographic, and microbiological characteristics of pulmonary disease caused by M. kansasii (MKPD) in patients treated at an outpatient unit from 2006-2016. Methods We studied thirty eight patients, and analyzed socio-demographic, clinical-radiological, laboratory, and therapeutic characteristics. Read More