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Liver Int 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Service d'hépatologie Hôpital Rangueil CHU Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier III, Toulouse, France.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a worldwide disease and the primary cause of acute viral hepatitis with an estimated 3.3 million symptomatic cases every year and 44,000 related deaths. It is a waterborne infection in the developing countries. Read More

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Division of Gastroenterology, NAFLD Research Center, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Background: Variants in multiple genetic loci modify the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cirrhosis but there are limited data on the quantitative impact of variant copies on liver fibrosis.

Aim: To investigate the effect of PNPLA3, TM6SF2, MBOAT7, GCKR and HSD17B13 genotype on liver fibrosis assessed by magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), a reproducible, accurate, continuous biomarker of liver fibrosis.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis derived from a well-characterised cohort at risk for NAFLD who underwent genotyping and MRE assessment. Read More

Oncol Res Treat 2021 May 11:1-10. Epub 2021 May 11.

Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the most common type of breast cancer, is associated with poor patient prognosis. Platinum-containing chemotherapies are commonly used in the treatment and prevention of advanced TNBC.

Objectives And Methods: To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of platinum-containing chemotherapies in patients with advanced TNBC, we searched several databases, including PubMed, Medline, Embase, ClinicalTrials. Read More

Comput Biol Med 2021 May 2;134:104461. Epub 2021 May 2.

Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address:

Background: This study uses machine learning techniques to identify sociodemographic and clinical predictors of progression through the hepatitis C (HCV) cascade of care for patients in the 1945-1965 birth cohort in the Southern United States.

Methods: We compared sociodemographic and clinical variables between groups of patients for three care outcomes: linkage to care, initiation of antiviral treatment, and virologic cure. A decision tree model and random forest model were built for each outcome. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 Apr 30;83:105946. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Department of Surgery, Ota Memorial Hospital, 455-1 Oshima-cho, Ota, Gunma 373-8585, Japan.

Introduction: Patients with esophageal cancers including carcinosarcoma sometimes have underlying liver cirrhosis because of a history of heavy drinking. It is definitely required to determine the appropriate surgical strategy and to manage the patients promptly when performing esophagectomy for the esophageal carcinosarcoma coexisting with alcoholic liver cirrhosis.

Presentation Of Case: A 56-year-old male patient with a history of chest pain and difficulty swallowing was admitted to our hospital. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2021 May 3;786:147479. Epub 2021 May 3.

Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Muelle de Poniente s/n, E-07015 Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain. Electronic address:

The constant increase in plastic pollution has attracted great attention in recent years due to its potential detrimental effects on organisms and ecosystems. While the consequences of ingestion of large plastic litter are mostly understood, the impacts resulting from a long-term exposure and a recovery period of microplastics (MPs) are still limited. The aims were to monitor oxidative stress, detoxification and inflammatory biomarkers in liver, plasma and erythrocytes of Sparus aurata exposed during 90 days to low-density polyethylene (LDPE)-MPs enriched diet (10% by weight) followed by 30 days of depuration. Read More

Surg Oncol 2021 May 6;38:101601. Epub 2021 May 6.

Nove de Julho Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil.

Poult Sci 2021 Mar 21;100(6):101142. Epub 2021 Mar 21.

Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal nutrition and feed Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China. Electronic address:

Two trials were designed to investigate the impacts of egg storage time and maternal dietary vitamin E (VE) supplementation on the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of progeny chicks. In total 512 Ross 308 broiler breeder hens (71-wk-old) were assigned to 2 dietary VE treatments (6 and 100 mg/kg) for 14 wk. Progeny chicks used in trials 1 and 2 were originated from eggs laid at week 10 (stored 0 d) and week 8 (stored 14 d), and week 14 (stored 0 d) and week 12 (stored 14 d), respectively. Read More

Poult Sci 2021 Mar 12;100(6):101090. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2P5. Electronic address:

Maternal growth patterns affect broiler growth performance. The current study investigated the impact of lesser growth restriction, compared to the breeder-recommended target growth, during the prepubertal growth phase and earlier pubertal growth in breeders on their offspring growth and carcass traits. In a randomized controlled trial, a total of 40 female broiler breeders were randomly assigned to 10 unique growth trajectories with 2 levels of maternal BW gain (MW) in prepubertal phase and 5 levels of maternal pubertal growth inflection (MI) for each level of the MW. Read More

Poult Sci 2021 Mar 26;100(6):101162. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal 13759, Egypt. Electronic address:

Poultry production faces several threats and challenges, one of the most important of which is avian coccidiosis which causes annual losses exceeding US$ 3 billion. Discovering new drugs or combinations of existing anticoccidials has become inevitable to overcome the emergence of coccidiosis resistance. This study evaluated a new combination of maduramicin and diclazuril in comparison to the well-known product Maxiban72 which consisted of narasin and nicarbazin, and the single effect of monensin as treatments for avian coccidiosis. Read More

Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021 May 8. Epub 2021 May 8.

Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Gastroenterology Research, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine. Electronic address:

Background & Aims: Epithelial cells form a monolayer at mucosal surface that functions as a highly selective barrier. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid that elicits a broad range of biological effects via cognate G protein-coupled receptors. LPA receptor 5 (LPA) is highly expressed in intestinal epithelial cells, but its role in the intestine is not well known. Read More

Mol Ther 2021 May 8. Epub 2021 May 8.

Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599; Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Drive, Singapore 117594. Electronic address:

Dysregulated adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is implicated in various cancers. However, no available RNA editing inhibitors have so far been developed to inhibit cancer-associated RNA editing events. Here we decipher the RNA secondary structure of antizyme inhibitor 1 (AZIN1), one of the best-studied A-to-I editing targets in cancer, by locating its editing site complementary sequence (ECS) at the 3'end of exon 12. Read More

Free Radic Biol Med 2021 May 8. Epub 2021 May 8.

Centre for Obesity Research and Education (CORE), School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK. Electronic address:

Background And Aim: Obesity is a major risk factor for several diseases, including metabolic syndrome (MetS), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The use of natural products, such as astaxanthin (ASX), a potent antioxidant compound produced by the freshwater green microalga Haematococcus pluvialis, has gained particular interest to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, and to improve redox status, often associated with obesity. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to comprehensively examine the effects of ASX in animal models of diet induced obesity-associated diseases in order to inform the design of future human clinical studies for ASX use as supplement or nutraceutical. Read More

J Ethnopharmacol 2021 May 8:114192. Epub 2021 May 8.

Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Electronic address:

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Several pathological disorders have been attributed to either oxidative stress or defect in apoptotic signaling pathway. Some bioactive compounds elicit their antiproliferative properties by induction of apoptosis via mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) pore opening.

Aim Of Study: The present study therefore investigated the effects of various fractions of methanol extract of Ageratum conyzoides L. Read More

Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021 May 8. Epub 2021 May 8.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, and the Children's and Women's Hospital and Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Background: A majority of previous studies of severe preeclampsia, eclampsia and HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets) syndrome were hospital-based or included a relatively small number of women. Large population-based studies examining gestational age-specific incidence patterns and risk factors for these severe pregnancy complications are lacking.

Objectives: To assess gestational age-specific incidence rates and risk factors for severe preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, and eclampsia. Read More

Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; email:

Liver disease is an important clinical problem, impacting 600 million people worldwide. It is the 11th-leading cause of death in the world. Despite constant improvement in treatment and diagnostics, the aging population and accumulated risk factors led to increased morbidity due to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis. Read More

Biochem Cell Biol 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gastroenterology, 274 Middle Zhijiang Road, Jing 'an District, Shanghai, Shanghai, China, 200071;

Liver fibrosis is the ultimate common pathway in most types of chronic liver damage characterized by imbalance of extracellular matrix degradation and synthesis. Saikosaponin-d (SSd) possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-liver fibrosis effects. However, the underlying mechanism of SSd in repressing hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation remains unclear. Read More

Phytother Res 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is increasing. It is closely linked to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Garlic consumption as a strategy for the management of MetS has been suggested. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2021 May 11;17(5):e1009587. Epub 2021 May 11.

School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, P.R. China.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a tick-borne emerging phlebovirus with high mortality rates of 6.0 to 30%. SFTSV infection is characterized by high fever, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, hemorrhage and multiple organ failures. Read More

PLoS One 2021 11;16(5):e0250885. Epub 2021 May 11.

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China.

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic non-essential element, while calcium (Ca) is an essential element with high chemical similarity to Cd. Dietary intake is the major Cd exposure pathway for non-smokers. A multi-concentration dietary intervention experiment was designed to explore the optimum concentration of Ca in diet with obvious protective effects against the toxicity of livers and kidneys induced by Cd in mice. Read More

Endocr Relat Cancer 2021 May 1. Epub 2021 May 1.

M Fassan, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, Italy.

The knowledge of the molecular landscape of ileal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is affected by the lack of systematic studies investigating intra-tumoral heterogeneity. In this study, intra-tumoral heterogeneity was investigated in 27 primary ileal G1-NETs and their matched nodal and liver metastases in order to assess the tumor grading, the expression status of 2 somatostatin receptor isoforms (i.e. Read More

J Med Internet Res 2021 May 7. Epub 2021 May 7.

3. Liver Diseases Branch, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, US.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of rapid dissemination of scientific and medical discovery. Current platforms available to distribute scientific and clinical research data and information include preprint repositories and traditional peer-reviewed journal articles. Social media (SoMe) has now also emerged as a helpful platform to share discoveries in science and medicine. Read More

IEEE/ACM Trans Comput Biol Bioinform 2021 May 11;PP. Epub 2021 May 11.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of primary liver malignant tumor with a high recurrence rate and poor prognosis even undergoing resection or transplantation. Accurate discrimination of the histologic grades of HCC plays a critical role in the management and therapy of HCC patients. In this paper, we discuss a deep learning-based diagnostic model for HCC histologic grading with multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images to overcome the problem of limited well-annotated data and extract the discriminated fusion feature referring to the clinical diagnosis experience of radiologists. Read More

Scand J Gastroenterol 2021 May 11:1-8. Epub 2021 May 11.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology of the Landspítali, University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.

Objective: To examine the incidence and severity of paracetamol poisoning in a population-based cohort in Iceland. A previous study showed a decrease in the incidence during a financial crisis in Iceland, by approximately half (16/100,000 annually). The aims of the study were to assess the incidence and nature of paracetamol poisoning after economic recovery in Iceland and to compare intentional and accidental poisoning. Read More

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) based therapy holds great potential for treating numerous diseases owing to their capability to heal injured tissue/organs through paracrine factors secretion and immunomodulation. Despite the high hopes, the low viability of transplanted cells in the injured tissues due to the elevated oxidative stress levels remains the largest obstacle in MSC-based cell therapy. To achieve desired therapeutic efficiency, the survival of the transplanted MSCs in the high oxidative stress environment needs to be ensured. Read More

J Thromb Haemost 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Haematological Medicine, King's Thrombosis Centre, King's College Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Patients with cirrhosis frequently have complex alterations in their hemostatic system. Although routine diagnostic tests of hemostasis in cirrhosis (platelet count, prothrombin time, fibrinogen level) are suggestive of a bleeding tendency, it is now widely accepted that these tests do not reflect hemostatic competence in this population. Rather, patients with cirrhosis appear to have a rebalanced hemostatic system with hypercoagulable elements. Read More

Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 2021 May;38(5):414-418

National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disease, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD), also known as glutaricacidemia type II, is a relatively common disorder of fatty acid oxidation metabolism. The clinical manifestations are highly heterogeneous, symptoms can develop from newborn to adulthood. Neonatal onset type is more serious with high mortality. Read More

Indian J Gastroenterol 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai 600, 100, India.

Background: Cirrhotic patients are prone to infections due to underlying immune dysfunction in them. We aimed to study the role of inflammatory markers, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), in predicting infection, blood culture positivity, and short-term (1 month) mortality in hospitalized cirrhotic patients.

Methods: This prospective study was done over a period of 14 months (October 2017 to November 2018). Read More

Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Objectives: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) can be associated with local recurrences in the treatment of liver tumors. Data obtained at our center for an earlier multinational multicenter trial regarding an in-house developed simulation software were re-evaluated in order to analyze whether the software was able to predict local recurrences.

Methods: Twenty-seven RFA ablations for either primary or secondary hepatic tumors were included. Read More

Eur Radiol 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.