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Parasitol Int 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.

Argulus foliaceus (Linnaeus, 1758) is a member of the branchiuran family Argulidae, a group comprising parasitic "fish lice". A. foliaceus is distributed worldwide and causes major economic impacts for cultured freshwater fish globally. Read More

Arch Virol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Sea Lice Research Centre, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgt. 55, Pb. 7803, 5020, Bergen, Norway.

The complete genome sequence of a novel mononegavirus, Lepeophtheirus salmonis negative-stranded RNA virus 1 (LsNSRV-1), obtained from a salmonid ectoparasite, Lepeophtheirus salmonis was determined. The viral genome contains five open reading frames encoding three unknown proteins (ORF I, II and III), a putative glycoprotein (G), and a large (L) protein. Phylogenetic analysis placed LsNSRV-1 in the recently established mononegaviral family Artoviridae. Read More

Parasitology 2018 Dec 10:1-7. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Section, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading,Reading, RG6 6AS,UK.

Despite the common association of human lice with abandoned or neglected people, no procedure to assess pediculosis, aimed to detect signs of neglect, exists. Investigating the two most common forms of head louse infestation, regular and severe, we define lice-markers of neglect and develop a protocol and survey form to record and assess pediculosis. The study of head lice from a deceased victim of neglect helped unravel time-length since death, frequency of exposure to neglect and the cause and circumstances related to the death. Read More

Epilepsy Behav 2018 Dec 3;90:79-83. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

'Sapienza' University of Rome, Human Neuroscience Department, Rome, Italy.

We investigated the online behavior of Internet users consulting the website of the Italian Chapter of the International League Against Epilepsy (Lega Italiana Contro l'Epilessia [LICE]). We obtained the visualization statistics of the LICE website using AWStats (https://awstats.sourceforge. Read More

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Adriaens Consulting, Bellemdorpweg 95, 9881, Bellem, Oost-Vlaanderen, Belgium.

Introduction: Silicones (e.g., dimethicone) are effective and safe alternatives to insecticides for the treatment of head lice. Read More

PeerJ 2018 20;6:e5974. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Department of Biosciences, Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Research, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom.

Demand for lumpfish () has increased exponentially over the last decade, both for their roe, which is used as a caviar substitute, and increasingly also as cleaner fish to control sea lice in salmon farming. The species is classified as Near Threatened by the IUCN and there are growing concerns that over-exploitation of wild stocks and translocation of hatchery-reared lumpfish may compromise the genetic diversity of native populations. We carried out a comparative analysis of genetic and phenotypic variation across the species' range to estimate the level of genetic and phenotypic differentiation, and determined patterns of gene flow at spatial scales relevant to management. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2018 Nov 29;11(1):609. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Health Management, University of PEI, Charlottetown, PEI C1A 4P3, Canada.

Background: The causal relation between parasitic sea lice on fish farms and sea lice on wild fish is a controversial subject. A specific scientific debate has been whether the statistical association between infestation pressure (IP) from fish farms and the number of parasites observed on wild sea trout emerges purely because of a confounding and direct effect of temperature (T).

Methods: We studied the associations between louse infestation on wild sea trout, fish farm activity and temperature in an area that practices coordinated fallowing in Nordhordland, Norway. Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018 Dec 26;115(50):12775-12780. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Systematic Entomology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan.

Hemipteroid insects (Paraneoptera), with over 10% of all known insect diversity, are a major component of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Previous phylogenetic analyses have not consistently resolved the relationships among major hemipteroid lineages. We provide maximum likelihood-based phylogenomic analyses of a taxonomically comprehensive dataset comprising sequences of 2,395 single-copy, protein-coding genes for 193 samples of hemipteroid insects and outgroups. Read More

Curr Biol 2018 Dec 15;28(23):3864-3870.e4. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. Electronic address:

Diverse selfish genetic elements have evolved the ability to manipulate reproduction to increase their transmission, and this can result in highly distorted sex ratios [1]. Indeed, one of the major explanations for why sex determination systems are so dynamic is because they are shaped by ongoing coevolutionary arms races between sex-ratio-distorting elements and the rest of the genome [2]. Here, we use genetic crosses and genome analysis to describe an unusual sex ratio distortion with striking consequences on genome organization in a booklouse species, Liposcelis sp. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2018 Nov 14;11(1):593. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.

Background: Ixodes scapularis organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) play important roles in tick-rickettsial pathogen interactions. In this report, we characterized the role of these conserved molecules in ticks infected with either Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi or tick-borne Langat virus (LGTV), a pathogen closely related to tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV).

Results: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed no significant changes in oatps gene expression upon infection with B. Read More

Mol Ecol 2018 Nov 14. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816 S. Oak St, Champaign, Illinois, 61820.

Parasite dispersal can shape host-parasite interactions at both deep and shallow timescales. One approach to understanding the effects of dispersal is to study parasite lineages that differ in dispersal capability but are from the same group of hosts. We compared phylogenetic and population genetic patterns of wing and body lice from ground-doves. Read More

Front Vet Sci 2018 30;5:269. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada.

Connectivity in an aquatic setting is determined by a combination of hydrodynamic circulation and the biology of the organisms driving linkages. These complex processes can be simulated in coupled biological-physical models. The physical model refers to an underlying circulation model defined by spatially-explicit nodes, often incorporating a particle-tracking model. Read More

Korean J Parasitol 2018 Oct 31;56(5):487-489. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, I.R.C.C.S. Foundation, Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

Phthirus pubis usually infests the pubis, groin, buttocks and perianal region. It can sometimes infest the thighs, abdomen, chest, axillae and beard. Eyelashes and eyebrows may be involved in children. Read More

New Microbes New Infect 2018 Nov 30;26:S31-S36. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.

Arthropod vectors can transmit pathogenic microorganisms from one vertebrate to another during their blood meal. Although some vector-borne diseases have been eradicated in the Mediterranean area, such as malaria and dengue, recent endemic microorganisms (Toscana virus, spp.) remain neglected even though they cause many more cases. Read More

Ecol Evol 2018 Oct 3;8(20):10008-10022. Epub 2018 Oct 3.

Biology Centre CAS Institute of Parasitology České Budějovice Czech Republic.

A degree of host specificity, manifested by the processes of host-parasite cospeciations and host switches, is assumed to be a major determinant of parasites' evolution. To understand these patterns and formulate appropriate ecological hypotheses, we need better insight into the coevolutionary processes at the intraspecific level, including the maintenance of genetic diversity and population structure of parasites and their hosts. Here, we address these questions by analyzing large-scale molecular data on the louse and its hosts, mice of the genus , across a broad range of European localities. Read More

Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2018 Aug 8;26:1-13. Epub 2018 May 8.

Centre for Veterinary Epidemiological Research, Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.

Synthetic pyrethroids have been widely used in Chile to control the sea lice Caligus rogercresseyi, a major ectoparasite of farmed salmon. Although resistance of C. rogercresseyi to pyrethroids has been reported in Chile, there is no information regarding the geographic extent of this problem. Read More

Acta Trop 2018 Oct 29;190:22-27. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Little information is available about the chewing lice of wild birds of Egypt, including common groups such as pigeons and doves (Columbiformes). Through this work, parasitic chewing lice of common columbiformes of Egypt were revised including new data. Three species of pigeons and doves (Streptopelia decaocto Frivaldszky 1838, Spilopelia senegalensis Linnaeus 1766 and Columba livia Gmelin 1789) were examined for chewing lice at three different localities. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2018 Oct 30;11(1):570. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Sea Lice Research Centre, Postboks 369 Sentrum, Oslo, NO-0102, Norway.

Background: Control of the sea louse Caligus rogercresseyi in the Chilean salmonid industry is reliant on chemical treatments. Azamethiphos was introduced in 2013, although other organophosphates were previously used. In 2014, reduced sensitivity to azamethiphos was detected in the Los Lagos Region using bioassays. Read More

APMIS 2018 Nov;126(11):831-837

Independent Researcher, Barcelona, Spain.

During World War I, a mysterious new disease affected soldiers on both sides of battle field. The first reports described a relapsing fever of unknown origin with body lice being suggested as the vector. The outbreak affected >1 000 000 people, mostly soldiers fighting in front-line trenches. Read More

J Appl Toxicol 2018 Oct 21. Epub 2018 Oct 21.

Institute of Marine Research, Nordnes, 5817, Bergen, Norway.

The benzoylurea chitin synthesis inhibitor teflubenzuron, widely used against sea lice in North Atlantic aquaculture, may pose an environmental threat to non-targeted crustaceans. In this experiment, laboratory acclimated pink shrimp (Pandalus montagui), a species found in fjords with Atlantic salmon farming, were exposed to dietary teflubenzuron for 46 days (control; low dose: 0.01 μg/g; high dose: 0. Read More

Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019 Jan 13;227:123-133. Epub 2018 Oct 13.

Sea Lice Research Centre, Institute of Marine Research, P.O.Box 1870, Nordnes 5817, Norway. Electronic address:

Animals with exoskeleton need to molt to grow and develop. Molting is well described in some arthropods especially insects. Chitin is a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, and one of the major components of the exoskeleton of arthropods. Read More

Zootaxa 2018 Aug 7;4457(1):1-38. Epub 2018 Aug 7.

Naturhistorisches Museum, Augustinergasse 2, 4001Basel, Switzerland..

A checklist comprising information on taxonomy, distribution and host plants is provided for 161 species of jumping plant-lice from the Indian subcontinent (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka) based on published records and museum material. In addition there are 15 species recorded in the literature which are identified to genus only. Museum material provides eight new country and two new state (within India) records. Read More

Zootaxa 2018 Jul 10;4444(3):201-246. Epub 2018 Jul 10.

Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt..

We present a catalogue of all known taxa of the superfamily Ephydroidea in Egypt. Old World synonymies, type localities, type depositories, world distributions by biogeographic realm(s) and country, Egyptian localities and dates of collection are provided. A total number of 117 species belonging to 45 genera, 18 tribes, 7 subfamilies, and representing 3 families has been catalogued. Read More

Zootaxa 2018 May 10;4418(5):401-431. Epub 2018 May 10.

Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.

Twenty-four species of chewing lice of the genus Myrsidea Waterston, 1915 (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from Neotropical Suboscines (Passeriformes: Formicariidae, Furnariidae, Pipridae, Thamnophilidae, Tityridae, Tyrannidae) are recorded and discussed. They include: eight new species which are described and illustrated (Myrsidea capeki new species ex Chiroxiphia caudata; Myrsidea leptopogoni new species ex Leptopogon superciliaris; Myrsidea leucophthalmi new species ex Automolus leucophthalmus; Myrsidea pachyramphi new species ex Pachyramphus polychopterus; Myrsidea philydori new species ex Philydor rufum; Myrsidea pyriglenae new species ex Pyriglena leucoptera; Myrsidea scleruri new species ex Sclerurus scansor and Myrsidea zuzanae new species ex Furnarius rufus), as well as nine previously known species with additional data on intraspecific morphological variability, host associations and geographical distribution (Myrsidea barbati Price, Hellenthal Dalgleish, 2005; Myrsidea dalgleishi Valim, Price Johnson, 2011; Myrsidea flaviventris Price, Hellenthal Dalgleish, 2005; Myrsidea klimesi Sychra, 2006; Myrsidea meyi Valim, Price Johnson, 2011; Myrsidea oleaginei Price, Hellenthal Dalgleish, 2005; Myrsidea olivacei Price, Hellenthal Dalgleish, 2005; Myrsidea pitangi Price, Hellenthal Dalgleish, 2005 and Myrsidea spellmani Price, Johnson Dalgleish, 2008b). Seven further species are recorded at genus level only due to lack of adequate material. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2019 Feb 28;649:1124-1136. Epub 2018 Aug 28.

Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Camino Chinquihue Km 6, Puerto Montt, Chile.

Aquaculture is currently one of the best prospects to help meet the growing need for protein in the human diet. However, aquaculture development and production result in consequences for the environment and also impact other productive activities. Salmon and trout cage culture has required the use of large quantities of pharmaceuticals in order to control outbreaks and the persistence of different pathogens, including sea lice (parasitic copepods), which cause economic losses of around 0. Read More

Microbiol Spectr 2018 Oct;6(5)

Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.

Arthropods are small invertebrate animals, among which some species are hematophagous. It is during their blood meal that they can transmit pathogenic microorganisms that they may be harboring to the vertebrate host that they parasitize, which in turn will potentially develop a vector-borne disease. The transmission may occur directly through their bite, but also through contaminated feces. Read More

Genet Sel Evol 2018 Oct 3;50(1):47. Epub 2018 Oct 3.

Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 338, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Background: Macroparasites, such as ticks, lice, and helminths, are a concern in livestock and aquaculture production, and can be controlled by genetic improvement of the host population. Genetic improvement should aim at reducing the rate at which parasites spread across the farmed population. This rate is determined by the basic reproduction ratio, i. Read More

BMC Genet 2018 Oct 3;19(1):90. Epub 2018 Oct 3.

Institute of Marine Research, Postboks 1870 Nordnes, N-5817, Bergen, Norway.

Background: Fish may display variations in ploidy, including three sets of chromosomes, known as triploidy. A recent study revealed a frequency of ~ 2% spontaneous (i.e. Read More

Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2018 Sep;42(3):207-212

Electron Microscope Unit, University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus, Pretoria, South Africa.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the morphological characteristics of Colpocephalum nanum (C. nanum) Piaget, 1890 using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Methods: For this purpose, the C. Read More

Trop Med Infect Dis 2018 Jan 3;3(1). Epub 2018 Jan 3.

Vector-Borne Disease Section, California Department of Public Health, 2151 Convention Center Way Suite 218B, Ontario, CA 91764, USA.

The identification of pathogenic rickettsial agents has expanded over the last two decades. In North America, the majority of human cases are caused by tick-borne rickettsioses but rickettsiae transmitted by lice, fleas, mites and other arthropods are also responsible for clinical disease. Symptoms are generally nonspecific or mimic other infectious diseases; therefore, diagnosis and treatment may be delayed. Read More

Biodivers Data J 2018 28(6):e21635. Epub 2018 Aug 28.

Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, United States of America Department of Biology, University of Nevada Reno United States of America.

The diversity of permanent ectoparasites is likely underestimated due to the difficulty of collecting samples. Lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) are permanent ectoparasites of birds and mammals; there are approximately 5,000 species described and many more undescribed, particularly in the Neotropics. We document the louse genera collected from birds sampled in Peru (2006-2007) and Colombia (2009-2016), from 22 localities across a variety of ecosystems, ranging from lowland tropical forest and Llanos to high elevation cloud forest. Read More

Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2018 Dec 14;7(3):335-342. Epub 2018 Sep 14.

Ecology, College of Science, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.

We studied the population genetics of one population sample of hybrid Mallard x Grey Ducks and their lice in New Zealand. We aimed to document the relationship between ectoparasite load and host phenotype, and test for an association between the mtDNA diversity of the lice and their hosts, which is predicted based on maternal care. We found three feather lice species previously described for these hosts: (wing louse), (head louse), and (body louse). Read More

BMC Vet Res 2018 Sep 26;14(1):293. Epub 2018 Sep 26.

Department of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia.

Background: Despite the highest population, the productivity of Ethiopian livestock is low, and the direct contribution to the national economy is limited. Poor genetic potential, shortage of feed in quantity and quality, poor health care and management practices are the main contributors to low productivity and production. Data on animal disease and management practices are not in place, in this regard; we estimate the burden of animal health ailments and management practices in ruminants via simple cross-sectional study design in randomly selected peasant associations in western Tigray of northern Ethiopia. Read More

PLoS One 2018 25;13(9):e0204319. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

Centre for Veterinary and Epidemiological Research, Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada.

Sea lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer) are a major ectoparasite affecting farmed Atlantic salmon in most major salmon producing regions. Substantial resources are applied to sea lice control and the development of new technologies towards this end. Identifying and understanding how sea lice population patterns vary among cages on a salmon farm can be an important step in the design and analysis of any sea lice control strategy. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018 Sep 25;12(9):e0006825. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.

Background: Scabies and head lice are ubiquitous ectoparasitic infestations that are common across the Pacific Islands. Ivermectin is an effective treatment for both conditions, although the doses used vary. At a community level, mass drug administration (MDA) with ivermectin is an effective strategy to decrease prevalence of scabies. Read More

Syst Biol 2018 Sep 17. Epub 2018 Sep 17.

School of Science and Engineering, GeneCology Research Centre, Animal Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia.

Organelle genome fragmentation has been found in a wide range of eukaryotic lineages; however, its use in phylogenetic reconstruction has not been demonstrated. We explored the use of mitochondrial (mt) genome fragmentation in resolving the controversial suborder-level phylogeny of parasitic lice (order Phthiraptera). There are ∼5,000 species of parasitic lice in four suborders (Amblycera, Ischnocera, Rhynchophthirina and Anoplura), which infest mammals and birds. Read More

J Med Entomol 2018 Sep 17. Epub 2018 Sep 17.

Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.

The following study investigates louse parasitism of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus (Ord, Rodentia: Sciuridae)) on 20 plots at 13 colonies in the short-grass prairie of New Mexico, USA, June-August, 2011-2012. Among 124 lice collected from 537 prairie dogs during 1,207 sampling events in which anesthetized animals were combed for ectoparasites, all of the lice were identified as Linognathoides cynomyis (Kim, Phthiraptera: Polyplacidae). Data were analyzed under an information-theoretic approach to identify factors predicting louse parasitism. Read More

Indian J Public Health 2018 Jul-Sep;62(3):239-241

Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India.

In humans, Pthirus pubis or crab louse usually infests hair of pubic region. Phthiriasis palpebrarum (infestation of the eyelashes and eyelids) is not as rare as is reported in literature, especially in low socioeconomic communities. It is possible that the disease is being perhaps missed due to its clinical similarity with anterior blepharitis. Read More

Prev Vet Med 2018 Oct 11;158:122-128. Epub 2018 Aug 11.

Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3, Canada.

Caligus rogercresseyi is a host-dependent parasite that affects rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon in Chile. Numbers of sea lice on fish increase over time at relatively predictable rates when the environment is conducive to the parasite's survival and fish are not undergoing treatment. We developed a tool for the salmon industry in Chile that predicts the abundance of adult sea lice over time on farms that are relatively isolated. Read More

Sci Rep 2018 Sep 13;8(1):13738. Epub 2018 Sep 13.

Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Saugeneset 16, 5392, Storebø, Norway.

Chemical signals are a key element of host-parasite interactions. In marine ecosystems, obligate ectoparasites, such as sea lice, use chemical cues and other sensory signals to increase the probability of encountering a host and to identify appropriate hosts on which they depend to complete their life cycle. The chemical compounds that underlie host identification by the sea lice are not fully described or characterized. Read More

Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2018 Jul-Sep;27(3):301-312. Epub 2018 Sep 6.

Laboratorio de Parasitología y Enfermedades de Fauna Silvestre, Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile.

With the aim to identify the parasite fauna of plumbeous rail, Pardirallus sanguinolentus (Aves: Rallidae) in Chile, 26 carcasses were parasitologically necropsied. The present study revealed the presence of 14 species of parasites (inverse Simpson index = 4.64; evenness = 0. Read More

Children (Basel) 2018 Aug 30;5(9). Epub 2018 Aug 30.

Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.

Scholarship on child health indicates that the early years of life are vital for all aspects of health and development. In particular, a solid health foundation predicts good life outcomes; therefore, systematic strategies for combating diseases are needed to ensure optimal health of young children in early care environments. This study examined strategies used by 48 preschool teachers from 10 pre-schools in the US Midwest in order to combat diseases. Read More

Skin Appendage Disord 2018 Aug 29;4(3):187-199. Epub 2017 Nov 29.

Fredric Brandt Endowed Professor of Dermatology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.

Scalp itch is a frequent complaint in the dermatological setting. It is common for the dermatologist to encounter patients with no evident cause of scalp pruritus, making it a distressing situation for both the clinician and the patient. The aim of this paper is to propose a systematic approach to scalp itch, which classifies scalp pruritus into two types: (1) with or (2) without dermatological lesions, and presence or absence of hair loss. Read More

Home Healthc Now 2018 Sep/Oct;36(5):289-294

Elaine Webber, DNP, PPCNP-BC, IBCLC, is a Clinical Associate Professor, McAuley School of Nursing, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, Michigan. Sherry McConnell, MSN, RN, is a Clinical Instructor, McAuley School of Nursing, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, Michigan.

Lice infestation is a common health issue affecting 6 to 12 million school-age children in the United States each year, impacting all members of the household. The home care nurse can be a valuable resource in the management of lice in the home and can assist the family in understanding the various myths and misconceptions about lice. This article provides an overview of lice management, including identification and treatment of a lice infestation as well as recommendations for environmental control strategies in the home. Read More

Biol Open 2018 Sep 3;7(9). Epub 2018 Sep 3.

Lerøy Aurora, Postbox 2123, 9267 Tromsø, Norway.

To assess the efficacy of lumpfish grazing on attached sea lice on Atlantic salmon, six large-scale sea cages, (130 m circumference, 37,688 m volume) each stocked with approximately 200,000 salmon 0+ smolts, were stocked with a 4, 6 and 8% density (8000, 12,000 and 16,000, respectively) of lumpfish. The sea cages without lumpfish acted as controls. Sea lice infestation levels on the salmon were monitored weekly and bi-weekly from 6 October to 17 May the subsequent year. Read More

Epidemics 2018 Aug 18. Epub 2018 Aug 18.

University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada C1A 4P3.

The parasitic salmon louse constrains growth in the Norwegian salmon farming industry through density dependent host-parasite interaction. Hence, there is a need for insight into how increases in salmon production, varying spatial organisation of the production and pest control strategies affect salmon louse population dynamics. Here we present a new salmon louse model for exploring effects of varying salmon farming conditions on spatio-temporal abundances of the parasite. Read More

Med Clin (Barc) 2018 Dec 28;151(11):450-459. Epub 2018 Aug 28.

Centro de Rickettsiosis y Enfermedades Transmitidas por Artrópodos Vectores, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario San Pedro-Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, La Rioja, España. Electronic address:

Different aspects related to globalization together with the great capacity of the arthropod vectors to adapt to a changing world favour the emergence and reemergence of numerous infectious diseases transmitted by them. Diptera (mosquitoes and sandflies), ticks, fleas and lice, among others, cause a wide spectrum of diseases with relevance in public health. Herein, arthropod-borne disease are reviewed, with special emphasis on the existing risk to contract them in Spain according to different parameters, such as the presence of arthropod and the circulation or the possible circulation of the causative agents. Read More

J Parasit Dis 2018 Sep 8;42(3):402-404. Epub 2018 Jun 8.

2Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Mhow, M.P. 453446 India.

Worldwide, 2-10% of human population is infested with pubic lice which are mostly found in the hair of pubic area, occasionally under the armpits, in the beard or mustache and on the eyebrows and eyelashes. They are usually transmitted through sexual contact or through toilet seats and bedding material. A twenty-year-old boy suffering from severe itching in the genital region during night hours submitted the lice for their identification in Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Mhow. Read More

Phytomedicine 2018 Aug 10;47:93-104. Epub 2018 May 10.

Department of Plant Production Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand.

Background: Head lice infestation is an important public health problem worldwide. Chemical pediculicides have lost their efficacy because lice have developed resistance to them. Therefore, alternative pediculicides such as essential oils and herbal products have been proposed for treating head lice infestation. Read More

Dis Aquat Organ 2018 08;130(1):1-9

Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PO Box 750 Sentrum, 0106 Oslo, Norway.

We evaluated the use of coordinated fallowing as a means to control salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis infestation in farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. In discrete management zones, aquaculture operations such as stocking, fallowing, treatments and harvesting are synchronized at all sites in coordinated areas within the zones. The expected benefit of synchronized generations is to reduce the presence of salmon lice larvae after a period of fallowing, as well as to minimize external infestation pressure from surrounding aquaculture sites. Read More