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Dermatopathology (Basel) 2019 Oct-Dec;6(4):288-293. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Immunoglobulin A (IgA)-mediated leukocytoclastic vasculitis is a cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis characterized by skin findings of palpable purpura. It may occur secondary to infections, neoplasms, drugs, and systemic conditions, although it is most commonly idiopathic. A known, but rare, trigger for IgA vasculitis is alcohol consumption. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2020 Jun 22. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Division of Dermatology. Electronic address:

Indian J Dermatol 2020 May-Jun;65(3):208-210

Department of Internal Medicine, Baby Memorial Hospital, Kozhikode, Kerala, India.

Urticarial vasculitis (UV) is a form of cutaneous vasculitis which lasts for >24 h. Clinically, the patients present with erythema and wheals. The level of complement decides the type of UV. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Jun 11;13(6). Epub 2020 Jun 11.

Children's Services, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, Kent, UK.

We present the case of a 17-year-old male with a sore throat, tender cervical lymphadenopathy, bilateral erythematous and enlarged tonsils, fever, joint pain, widespread tender purpuric nodules, ulcerative lesions and erythematous pustules. The diagnosis was initially unclear. He had raised neutrophils, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein. Read More

An Bras Dermatol 2020 Jul - Aug;95(4):493-507. Epub 2020 May 24.

Department of Dermatology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Vasculitis is a group of several clinical conditions in which the main histopathological finding is fibrinoid necrosis in the walls of blood vessels. This article assesses the main dermatological aspects relevant to the clinical and laboratory diagnosis of small- and medium-vessel cutaneous and systemic vasculitis syndromes. The most important aspects of treatment are also discussed. Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2020 05;51(5):293-297

A 10-year-old male presented with 1-week duration of painless bilateral central vision loss after having been diagnosed with influenza A. Optical coherence tomography revealed superficial retinal nerve fiber layer infarcts, hyperreflectivity of the inner nuclear layer consistent with paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM), and outer nuclear layer hyperreflectivity and disruption of the ellipsoid zone suggesting acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN). Brain MRI revealed enhancement of the right basal ganglia consistent with focal encephalitis. Read More

Cureus 2020 May 1;12(5):e7912. Epub 2020 May 1.

Internal Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, USA.

Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) is an uncommon condition with a broad differential diagnosis. Although the clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory workup are pivotal when formulating a differential diagnosis of LCV, a skin biopsy is required in most cases to elucidate the cause. The diagnostic yield of a skin biopsy increases within the first 24 to 48 hours of the lesion onset indicating the importance of obtaining a prompt skin sample. Read More

Cesk Patol 2020 ;56(2):83-88

Secondary vasculitides usually accompany various common and rare conditions, Their clinical picture is very diverse, they can be loclaized or genaralized. Most frequently, we find parainfectious, drug-related and paraneoplastic vasculitides, less commonly in connective tissue diseases, after radiotherapy or transplantation. Vasculitides may be associated to infection of any origin. Read More

Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2020 May 5;195:105886. Epub 2020 May 5.

Department of Neurology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States; Department of Neurology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Multiple Sclerosis Centers of Excellence, Washington, DC, United States.

Contact Dermatitis 2020 May 28. Epub 2020 May 28.

Division of Dermatology, The University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

J Adv Res 2020 Jul 7;24:311-315. Epub 2020 May 7.

National Referral Center for Rare Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.

Background: Skin involvement in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is common and can appear as an initial presentation of the disease or more commonly through its course.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 24-year-old male patient, previously diagnosed as having GPA, admitted with fever, hemoptysis, generalized hemorrhagic blisters associated with arthralgia, fatigue, myalgia, nasal crusting, and vertigo. Three weeks prior to admission, he developed erythematous papules on both elbows, and purpuric papules on both lower limbs. Read More

Br J Clin Pharmacol 2020 May 14. Epub 2020 May 14.

Department of Pharmacovigilance, Medicine University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia.

Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2020 May 6. Epub 2020 May 6.

Department of Internal Medicine, National Referral Center for Rare Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75679, Paris Cedex 14, France.

Cutaneous vasculitis is an inflammatory disease affecting the dermal blood vessel walls. The skin is a privileged organ in the setting of vasculitis since it is easily accessible for physical examination and safe biopsy, allowing an accurate characterization of inflammatory lesions. The skin is often involved. Read More

Pathologe 2020 Jul;41(4):355-363

, Dermatopathologie Lübeck, Deutschland.

The skin is one of the most frequently involved organs in primary systemic and secondary vasculitis; moreover, a vasculitis can occur as single organ vasculitis, limited to the skin. For most types of vasculitis, the lower extremities constitute common sites with clinical symptoms of palpable purpura, nodules, and ulcers. In histopathology of cutaneous vasculitis, it is of utmost importance to correctly identify the vessel types involved and to discriminate between vasculitic vessel damage, unspecific reactive vessel changes, vascular occlusive diseases, noninflammatory purpura, or perivascular infiltrates due to other inflammatory skin diseases. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2020 May 3. Epub 2020 May 3.

Yale School of Medicine Department of Dermatology and; Department of Pathology, New Haven, Connecticut. Electronic address:

Background: Purpura in inpatients commonly leads to dermatologic consultation. The differential diagnosis is broad and algorithms are intricate.

Objective: We evaluated inpatient consultations for complex purpura to document the most common diagnoses and to validate the true diagnostic utility of histopathology, clinical morphology, and distribution. Read More

J Cutan Pathol 2020 Apr 27. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

Meguro Chen Dermatology Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.

Cutaneous vasculitis can be classified into two types based on the affected vessel size: small vessel vasculitis predominantly affecting dermal venules, and muscular vessel vasculitis as found in cutaneous arteritis predominantly affecting arteries located at the dermal-subcutaneous junction. We describe two cases with a novel small vessel vasculitis disorder, which exclusively affected arterioles in the mid-dermis, and demonstrate clinical and pathological difference distinct from cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa and cutaneous venulitis. Both patients were male, and presented with painful infiltrative plaques, involving the palms, soles, and thighs without extracutaneous involvement except for fever and arthralgia. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2020 Apr 22. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA.

Rheumatol Int 2020 Jun 21;40(6):997-1000. Epub 2020 Apr 21.

Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou Str, Athens, Greece.

IgA vasculitis, formerly known as Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP), is the most common form of systemic vasculitis in children and is characterized by inflammation of the small vessels with typical deposition of IgA immune complexes. It is a leukocytoclastic type of vasculitis and is characterized by a tetrad of clinical manifestations: non-thrombocytopenia or coagulopathy-induced palpable purpura, arthritis, or arthralgia, gastrointestinal, and renal involvement. The exact cause of IgA vasculitis is not known yet, although infections, vaccinations and insect bites have been implicated in the appearance of the disease. Read More

An Bras Dermatol 2020 May - Jun;95(3):355-371. Epub 2020 Mar 26.

Discipline of Dermatology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate Program, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.

The term vasculitis refers to the inflammation of vessel walls. It may range in severity from a self-limited disorder in one single organ to a life-threatening disease due to multiple organ failure. It has many causes, although they result in only a few histological patterns of vascular inflammation. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2020 Apr 17;20(1):286. Epub 2020 Apr 17.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, 7-206, Shinheung-Dong, Jung-Gu, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea.

Background: Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) may be caused by several allergens. However, to date, HSP caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi has not been reported. Here, we report an unusual rash with features of HSP caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. Read More

Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020 Apr 15. Epub 2020 Apr 15.

Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Disease, Beijing, China.

IDCases 2020 9;19:e00667. Epub 2019 Nov 9.

Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.

Acute varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection is a common condition in children, which is considered a mild, self-limited disease with diffuse skin vesicular rash. However, disseminated VZV infection with multiple organ involvement can occur in immunocompromised patients with impaired T cell immunity including solid or hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, receiving immunosuppressive therapy, leukemia, lymphoma, and HIV infection. Prompt antiviral therapy is mandatory in those immunocompromised persons. Read More

J Cutan Pathol 2020 Mar 20. Epub 2020 Mar 20.

Department of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

We describe two cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who presented with cutaneous manifestations. Leukemia cutis (LC) is the cutaneous presentation of any type of leukemia and occurs in 10% to 15% of patients with AML, but cutaneous infiltration of AML rarely precedes the involvement of the bone marrow or peripheral blood and is called as "aleukemia cutis." Our first case presented with facial skin thickening, a manifestation which is known as lionization and his initial clinical diagnosis was nonspecific allergic reaction. Read More

Case Rep Rheumatol 2020 26;2020:7234069. Epub 2020 Feb 26.

Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania Hospital, University of Pennsylvania Health System (UPHS), Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Apixaban is a rare cause of leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV). To our knowledge, there is only one other reported case due to apixaban in the literature. We present a case of apixaban-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis in a 95-year-old male. Read More

World Allergy Organ J 2020 Mar 5;13(3):100107. Epub 2020 Mar 5.

Dermatological Allergology, UCARE Charité, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.

Background: Urticarial vasculitis (UV) is a rare type of leukocytoclastic vasculitis characterized by long lasting urticarial skin lesions and poor response to treatment. As of yet, no clinical guidelines, diagnostic criteria, or treatment algorithms exist, and the approaches to the diagnostic workup and treatment of UV patients may differ globally. We conducted an online survey to examine how UV patients are diagnosed and treated by international specialists and to reveal the greatest challenges in managing UV patients worldwide. Read More

Indian J Dermatol 2020 Mar-Apr;65(2):164-165

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Reina Sofía Universitary Hospital, Córdoba, Spain. E-mail:

Int Heart J 2020 Mar 14;61(2):404-408. Epub 2020 Mar 14.

Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences.

A man in his 40s with a history of congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA) and closure of ventricular septal defect was referred to our hospital with purpura and hematuria. Presence of purpura, renal damage, and pathological findings on skin biopsy led to the diagnosis of IgA vasculitis (IgAV). Oral prednisolone (PSL) was initiated. Read More

An Bras Dermatol 2020 Mar - Apr;95(2):200-202. Epub 2020 Feb 12.

Department of General Medicine, Teaching Hospital, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.

Erythema elevatum diutinum is a small vessel vasculitis which is benign, rare, and chronic. It is clinically characterized by violaceous, brown, or yellowish plaques, nodules, and papules. It has been associated with autoimmune, infectious, and neoplastic processes. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2020 Feb 25. Epub 2020 Feb 25.

Department of Pathology, Advent Health Orlando, Orlando, FL.

Localized chronic fibrosing vasculitis (LCFV) is a rare cutaneous fibroinflammatory and vasculitic process of poorly defined etiology. Furthermore, controversy remains as to whether LCFV represents a primary pathologic process or a histologic pattern. The current case documents a 52-year-old male patient with a scrotal mass and clinical history of a retroperitoneal mass as well as a previously resected tumor of the right submandibular salivary gland displaying morphologic features of eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis. Read More

JAAD Case Rep 2020 Mar 26;6(3):243-246. Epub 2020 Feb 26.

Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.

G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2020 Mar 4. Epub 2020 Mar 4.

Section of Dermatology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.

Int J STD AIDS 2020 03;31(4):383-386

Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Tropicales - Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, Cercado de Lima, Peru.

Acta Derm Venereol 2020 Mar 12;100(6):adv00077. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Robert-Debré Hospital, Reims, France.

Dermatopathology (Basel) 2019 Oct-Dec;6(4):251-254. Epub 2020 Jan 24.

Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) is a small-vessel vasculitis that most commonly affects the postcapillary venules in the skin. It classically presents with purpuric macules that progress to palpable purpura on the bilateral shins 7-10 days after an inciting medication or infection, or in the setting of connective tissue disease, malignancy, or inflammatory bowel disease. Up to 50% of cases have no identifiable cause. Read More

J Clin Rheumatol 2020 Feb 1. Epub 2020 Feb 1.

From the Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology.

Int Med Case Rep J 2020 9;13:1-5. Epub 2020 Jan 9.

Department of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Introduction: Pathology must aim at a correct diagnosis, which is complete and useful for clinicians. However, in routine practice, there are multiple sources of errors in the pathology results, which have several impacts on the patient's treatment and outcome.

Case Presentation: Our patient is a 66 years old man, case of rheumatoid arthritis with lymphadenopathy due to vasculitis, which was underdiagnosed due to lack of complete clinical data during pathologic examination. Read More

IDCases 2020 11;19:e00701. Epub 2020 Jan 11.

University of Maryland Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease. 22 South Greene St, Baltimore MD 21201, United States.

Acute bacterial endocarditis is now common and easily suspected and recognized in the setting of prosthetic valves, injection drug use, or bacteremia with virulent organisms. Conversely, subacute bacterial endocarditis has drastically decreased in incidence, and recognition may be further hampered by the indolent non-specific presentation. Delayed diagnosis is common and can lead to serious complications and fatalities. Read More

Arch Argent Pediatr 2020 02;118(1):31-37

Moderate Risk Office, Department of Pediatrics. Hospital Nacional "Profesor Dr. Alejandro Posadas," Department of Pediatrics.

Introduction: Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) is the most common small vessel leukocytoclastic vasculitis during childhood. It is characterized by palpable purpura and/or joint, abdominal or renal involvement.

Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and evolutionary characteristics of patients with HSP. Read More

J Vasc Bras 2020 Jan 7;19:e20180072. Epub 2020 Jan 7.

Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brasil.

A 46-year-old female patient presented at the emergency department of a Municipal University Hospital with necrotic lesions in lower limbs associated with wasting syndrome. She was diagnosed with leukocytoclastic vasculitis after physical examination and history-taking in a fast and cost-effective manner, using an algorithm specifically for primary vasculitis, enabling early and appropriate treatment. The good clinical outcome demonstrates the need to quickly make a definitive diagnosis and start treatment. Read More

J Neurovirol 2020 02 15;26(1):130-132. Epub 2020 Jan 15.

Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 291, Zhongzheng Rd., Zhonghe District, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan.

Ischemic stroke is a rare complication of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection. We present the case of a patient with a medical history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who experienced disseminated cutaneous VZV infection followed by multiple cerebral infarcts associated with VZV vasculopathy. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple hyperintense lesions over the bilateral deep white matter and basal ganglia. Read More

F1000Res 2019 17;8:1771. Epub 2019 Oct 17.

Department of Pediatrics, Pugliese Ciaccio Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy.

We present a case of an 11-month-old girl who was referred to our unit for an erythematous rash that appeared on the face and extremities. Personal and family history was not relevant. Laboratory tests were normal. Read More

Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 2020 ;117(1):64-71

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital.

A 45-year-old Japanese man presenting with leg purpura, abdominal pain, and arthralgia was diagnosed with IgA vasculitis. His symptoms resolved after the intravenous administration of prednisolone. However, on day 20 of admission, he experienced bloody discharge and hypovolemic shock. Read More

Indian J Dermatol 2019 Nov-Dec;64(6):486-489

Chest Diseases Clinic, Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, Istanbul Süreyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey.

The skin is the second most commonly involved organ after pulmonary system in sarcoidosis, a multisystemic granulomatous disease. Cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis (leukocytoclastic vasculitis [LCV]) is a disorder characterized by neutrophilic inflammation of small blood vessels. Although the skin is the organ where LCV is seen most frequently, extracutaneous involvements are also seen. Read More

Cutis 2019 Nov;104(5):E11-E13

Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.

Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2020 May - Jun;55(3):181-182. Epub 2019 Dec 24.

Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, España.

Am J Dermatopathol 2020 Jan;42(1):61-62

Pathology, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Dec;98(51):e18139

Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.

Rationale: Rituximab is recommended to induce remission of severe granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Plasma exchange (PE) may be considered in the setting of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) with a serum creatinine increase of more than 5.6 mg/dl or diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH). Read More

Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019 Sep 30;7(18):3039-3042. Epub 2019 Aug 30.

Department of Dermatology, University of Rome "G. Marconi", Rome, Italy.

Background: Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) belongs to the spectrum of cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitides. EED is a very rare dermatosis presenting with reddish to browning papules and plaques. EED may be associated with infections, hematologic and autoimmune disorders. Read More

J Cutan Pathol 2020 Apr 26;47(4):346-356. Epub 2019 Dec 26.

Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.

Background: Dermatologists play an important role in diagnosing and managing hospitalized patients with cutaneous abnormalities. Skin biopsies remain an indispensable tool for aiding dermatologists in accurate diagnosis and treatment. We aimed to determine the range of conditions, and the most common conditions, prompting skin biopsy by dermatology hospital consultation (HCON) services to aid in evaluation of hospitalized patients. Read More

JAAD Case Rep 2019 Dec 26;5(12):1093-1096. Epub 2019 Nov 26.

University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.