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Int J Gynecol Pathol 2021 May 12. Epub 2021 May 12.

Department of Pathology, Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine (L.I., K.E.F., V.P.) Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven (V.P.) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale-New Haven Health, Bridgeport Hospital, Bridgeport, Connecticut (M.C.) Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (O.F.).

Patients with germline TP53 mutations are characterized by the occurrence of multiple early-onset malignancies. The characteristic syndrome is Li-Fraumeni syndrome (OMIM # 151623), an autosomal dominant disorder typified by premenopausal breast carcinoma, adrenal cortical tumors, bone and soft tissue sarcomas, leukemias, and tumors of the brain and spinal cord. Gynecologic malignancies are uncommonly reported in families harboring TP53 mutations, and the predominant tumor type reported is ovarian. Read More

Leuk Res 2021 May 10;108:106614. Epub 2021 May 10.

Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address:

Lymphomas and leukemias of T-cell and NK-cell lineages are highly heterogeneous disorders and lack effective therapeutic strategies. Targeted therapies including anti-CD94 agents are currently under clinical investigation, but studies of CD94 expression on mature T/NK-cell neoplasms are limited. In this study, we investigated the landscape of CD94 protein expression in 15 patients with reactive T/NK-cell proliferations and 124 patients with various T/NK cell neoplasms. Read More

Am J Hematol 2021 May 14. Epub 2021 May 14.

Reparto di Oncoematologia Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, Terni, Italy.

PLoS One 2021 14;16(5):e0251628. Epub 2021 May 14.

College of Nursing, Chonnam National University, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: Extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) are classified as a possible carcinogenic factor (Group 2B). This study assessed the association between ELF-MFs and childhood cancer through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Three databases were searched in January 2020. Read More

Clin Adv Hematol Oncol 2021 Apr;19(4):207-208

Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, Georgia.

Am J Dermatopathol 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Medical Student, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Resident Physician, Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX; Intern, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX; Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Dermatology, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX; and Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology and Pathology, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX.

Abstract: Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and aggressive hematologic malignancy that frequently has cutaneous manifestations. The diagnosis can be a challenge because of its heterogenous clinical presentation, ranging from a brown or violaceous solitary nodule or patch to mixed, disseminated lesions. Furthermore, BPDCN tumor cells express immunohistochemical markers in common with acute myeloid leukemia, which can lead to misdiagnosis. Read More

Curr Med Res Opin 2021 May 14. Epub 2021 May 14.

IQVIA Solutions Japan K.K., Tokyo, Japan.

Objective: To examine treatment patterns of real-world antifungal management of patients at high risk of invasive fungal infections (IFI) and evaluate healthcare resource utilization and costs associated with antifungal management of IFIs in Japan.

Methods: This retrospective, observational study extracted data from a hospital-based claims database for patients in Japan who either (a) underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), or (b) were hospitalized with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and received chemotherapy during the study period of January 2010 to January 2019.

Results: 863 patients were included in the allo-HSCT cohort and 4498 patients were included in the AML/MDS cohort. Read More

Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2021 Mar;41:1-20

Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.

At the time of writing, five anti-CD19 CAR T-cell products are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for seven different indications in lymphoid malignancies, including B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and multiple myeloma. Read More

Cancer Med 2021 May 14. Epub 2021 May 14.

Groupe France Intergroupe des Leucémies Myéloïdes Chroniques, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, Pessac, France.

Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) can be safely discontinued in chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML) patients who had achieved a sustained deep molecular response. Based on the results of discontinuation trials, recommendations regarding patient selection for a treatment-free remission (TFR) attempt had been proposed. The aims of this study were to evaluate the rate of patients eligible for TKI discontinuation and molecular recurrence-free survival (MRFS) after stop according to recommendations. Read More

Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2021 May 14:e1424. Epub 2021 May 14.

National Child Cancer Network, Auckland, New Zealand.

Background: During a child's prolonged treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), there is a need to balance their increased risk of developing infection-related complications with meeting their educational and social needs.

Aims: To determine the safe timing of return to social activities for children undergoing treatment for ALL and to determine how parents perceive and act on advice related to infection risk while navigating their child's "return to normal."

Methods And Results: Medical and educational attendance records were reviewed for 47 children who were diagnosed with ALL and 24 semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with a representative sample of their parents. Read More

Int J Lab Hematol 2021 May 14. Epub 2021 May 14.

Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.

Introduction: ZNF384 gene fusions resulting from translocations with several partner genes have been described in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) with a characteristic immunophenotype (aberrant CD13 and or CD33 with dim CD10). The prognosis of patients with this rearrangement appears to depend on the fusion partner. ZNF384 rearrangements have been identified by high through put technologies such as RNA sequencing in most of the studies published. Read More

Int J Lab Hematol 2021 May 14. Epub 2021 May 14.

Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.

Introduction: Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggressive T-cell malignancy without known characteristic cytogenetic abnormalities. Recurrent mutations in TP53, APC, and epigenetic and histone-modifying genes have been identified in North American ATLL. Their roles in disease progression are not yet fully elucidated. Read More

J Cell Biochem 2021 Jul 20;122(7):771. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Retraction: "MicroRNA-103 confers the resistance to long-treatment of adriamycin to human leukemia cells by regulation of COP1," by Lin Wan, Yanlong Tian, Rui Zhang, Zhuo Peng, Jiangli Sun, and Wanggang Zhang, J Cell Biochem. 2018; 3843-3852: The above article, published online on 23 Oct 2017 in Wiley Online Library (https://onlinelibrary.wiley. Read More

Acta Biomed 2021 May 12;92(2):e2021192. Epub 2021 May 12.

Medical Oncology, Hematology Section, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.

Background And Objective: Cutaneous infiltration by Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is a rare complication. The clinical presentation, impact of it on disease prognosis, and the proper treatment choice are not clear. Here in our review, we try to answer these questions. Read More

Cancer Med 2021 May 13. Epub 2021 May 13.

Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) can be classified into subtypes according to the genetic aberrations they display. For instance, the translocation t(12;21)(p13;q22), representing the ETV6-RUNX1 fusion gene (ER), is present in a quarter of BCP-ALL cases. However, around 10% of the cases lack classifying chromosomal abnormalities (B-other). Read More

Eur J Haematol 2021 May 13. Epub 2021 May 13.

Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine - University, Duesseldorf, Germany.

Objective: As peripheral blood (PB) Wilm's Tumor 1 (WT1)-mRNA expression is established as MRD-marker during conventional AML chemotherapy, impact of pre-transplant WT1-expression remains unclear. Therefore we aimed to assess prognostic impact of pre-transplant WT1-expression on posttransplant outcome in patients with AML/MDS.

Methods: In 64 AML/MDS patients pre-transplant WT1-expression was retrospectively analyzed using a standardized assay offering high sensitivity, specifity and a validated cut-off. Read More

Eur J Haematol 2021 May 13. Epub 2021 May 13.

Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Box 2000, FI-33521, Tampere, Finland.

Objectives: The aim was to identify the clinical characteristics, outcome and antimicrobial susceptibility of healthcare-associated bloodstream infections (BSIs) in hematological patients.

Methods: This retrospectively collected laboratory-based surveillance data includes 3404 healthcare-associated BSIs in 2296 patients with a hematological malignancy in hospitals participating in the Finnish Hospital Infection Program from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2016.

Results: The most common underlying diseases were acute myelogenous leukemia (35%) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (22%). Read More

J Immunol Res 2021 24;2021:5556659. Epub 2021 Apr 24.

Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China.

Camptothecin (CPT) is a cytotoxic quinoline alkaloid isolated from the bark and branches of the Chinese tree . CPT inhibits topoisomerase I. It possesses various antitumor activities and is mainly used in the treatment of colon, ovarian, liver, and bone cancers as well as leukemia. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2021 Apr;9(8):722

Department of Orthopedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.

Osteomyelitis is a complication of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); however, its incidence rate is low. Recurrent ALL for which osteomyelitis is the first manifestation is rarer still. The repair and reconstruction of segmental bone defects caused by infection is a clinical problem. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2021 Apr;9(8):694

Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Background: Lung cancer is the most aggressive cancer, resulting in one-quarter of all cancer-related deaths, and its metastatic spread accounts for >70% of these deaths, especially metastasis to the brain. Metastasis-associated mutations are important biomarkers for metastasis prediction and outcome improvement.

Methods: In this study, we applied whole-exome sequencing (WES) to identify potential metastasis-related mutations in 12 paired lung cancer and brain metastasis samples. Read More

Front Oncol 2021 27;11:664928. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a rescue therapy for severe respiratory and/or circulatory failure. Few data exist on the potential benefit of ECMO in immunocompromised pediatric patients with cancer and/or hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Over a period of 12 years, eleven (1. Read More

Front Oncol 2021 27;11:650256. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.

Digestive system cancer tumors are one of the major causes of cancer-related fatalities; the vast majority of them are colorectal or gastric malignancies. Epidemiological evidence confirmed that allium-containing food, such as garlic, reduces the risk of developing malignancies. Among all compounds in garlic, allicin has been most researched, as it contains sulfur and produces many second degradation compounds, such as sulfur dioxide, diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl trisulfide (DATS), and diallyl disulfide (DADS) in the presence of enzymatic reactions in gastric juice. Read More

Case Rep Hematol 2021 19;2021:5529669. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

IMS Group, Shinmatsudo Central General Hospital, Department of Hematology, Chiba, Japan.

The t(7;11)(p15;p15) translocation is a recurrent genetic abnormality associated with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The translocation results in a fusion between the nucleoporin 98 and homeobox genes. We describe a case of AML with t(7; 7)(p15;p22) translocation, which is a novel simple variant of the t(7;11)(p15;p15) translocation. Read More

J Oncol 2021 19;2021:5550116. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China.

Objective: The aim of this research was to create a new genetic signature of immune checkpoint-associated genes as a prognostic method for pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Methods: Transcriptome profiles and clinical follow-up details were obtained in Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET), a database of pediatric tumors. Secondary data was collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to test the observations. Read More

Front Immunol 2021 27;12:665541. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Hematology Laboratory, Universitary Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.

Natural killer (NK) cells are key innate immunity effectors that play a major role in malignant cell destruction. Based on expression patterns of CD16, CD56, CD57, and CD94, three distinct NK cell maturation stages have been described, which differ in terms of cytokine secretion, tissue migration, and the ability to kill target cells. Our study addressed NK cell maturation in bone marrow under three conditions: a normal developmental environment, during pre-leukemic state (myelodysplastic syndrome, MDS), and during leukemic transformation (acute myeloblastic leukemia, AML). Read More

Front Immunol 2021 27;12:657329. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

A recent approach of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation from haploidentical donors "mobilized" with G-CSF is based on the selective depletion of T and B lymphocytes from the graft. Through this approach, the patient receives both HSC and mature donor-derived effector cells (including NK cells), which exert both anti-leukemia activity and protection against infections. We previously showed that donor HSC mobilization with G-CSF results in accumulation in the graft of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs), capable of inhibiting the anti-leukemia activity of allogeneic NK cells. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2021 6;13:3663-3674. Epub 2021 May 6.

Department of Experimental Hematooncology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.

Purpose: represents a new prognostic marker in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). The low sensitivity of the current methods may increase the risk of false-negative results, particularly in patients with low allelic burden. This study compared two methods of the assessment including droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and amplification-refractory mutation system PCR (ARMS-PCR) untreated CLL patients. Read More

Bone Marrow Transplant 2021 May 13. Epub 2021 May 13.

Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is the most severe complication and the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients who have received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Inflammation mediated by donor T cells and neighboring recipient cells is considered to be responsible for intestinal aGVHD. Interleukin (IL)-17A-producing γδT (γδT17) cells have been investigated as key players in cancer, immunity, and inflammatory responses because of their phenotypic plasticity, memory-like activity, and unique migratory features. Read More

Leukemia 2021 May 13. Epub 2021 May 13.

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.

Sci Rep 2021 May 13;11(1):10195. Epub 2021 May 13.

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Candido Portinari Street, 200, Cidade Universitária ″Zeferino Vaz″, Campinas, 13083-871, SP, Brazil.

For centuries, bromelain has been used to treat a range of ailments, even though its mechanism of action is not fully understood. Its therapeutic benefits include enzymatic debridement of the necrotic tissues of ulcers and burn wounds, besides anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antioxidant properties. However, the protease is unstable and susceptible to self-hydrolysis over time. Read More