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Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2020 Jul 7. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

Department of Neurology, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital.

A 49-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with suspected hypertensive encephalopathy. On the basis of MRI showing leptomeningeal enhancement and Class V cytology of the CSF, she was diagnosed as having leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Although no primary site was detected, a few melanin granules were observed at the third CSF examination. Read More

Cancer Treat Rev 2020 Jun 3;88:102046. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Austria. Electronic address:

Leptomeningeal Metastases (LM) is a turning point in terms of prognosis and quality of life of patients with breast cancer (BC). Intrathecal therapy is largely used for the treatment of breast cancer LM. In this metanalysis with meta-regression, we gathered data on intrathecal (IT) trastuzumab administration in patients with HER2 positive breast cancer with LM. Read More

Nat Med 2020 Jun 18. Epub 2020 Jun 18.

Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. Read More

Int Med Case Rep J 2020 14;13:153-158. Epub 2020 May 14.

Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa City, Saitama 359-8513, Japan.

Purpose: To report a case of meningeal carcinomatosis by metastasis of signet-ring cell carcinoma resulting in severe visual impairment.

Case Presentation: A 49-year-old man visited our hospital complaining of blurred vision in his left eye since 2 months ago. There was no particular history. Read More

Can J Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 7. Epub 2020 Jun 7.

University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.. Electronic address:

BMC Cancer 2020 Jun 1;20(1):501. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of RadiationOncology, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, München, Germany.

Background: The aim of our study was to assess the feasibility and oncologic outcomes in patients treated with spinal (SI) or craniospinal irradiation (CSI) in patients with leptomeningeal metastases (LM) and to suggest a prognostic score as to which patients are most likely to benefit from this treatment.

Methods: Nineteen patients treated with CSI at our institution were eligible for the study. Demographic data, primary tumor characteristics, outcome and toxicity were assessed retrospectively. Read More

Nat Med 2020 Jun 2. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

An increasing fraction of patients with metastatic cancer develop leptomeningeal dissemination of disease (LMD), and survival is dismal. We conducted a single-arm, phase 2 study of pembrolizumab in patients with solid tumor malignancies and LMD (NCT02886585). Patients received 200 mg of pembrolizumab intravenously every 3 weeks until definitive progression or unacceptable toxicity. Read More

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2020 May;47(5):807-810

The Home Hospice.

Frequently, patients with advanced cancer are suffered by various symptoms at the end of life. Furthermore, sometime experience unexpected loss of consciousness(LOC)and/or respiratory arrest. I examined carefully following neck stiffness, LOC, masked face, urinary retention, tonic and/or clonic convulsions, apnea, dysphagia, head rotation, neurogenic pain, hyperthermia, mydriasis 145 patients with advanced cancer. Read More

J Breast Cancer 2020 Apr 19;23(2):218-223. Epub 2019 Dec 19.

Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Saint Cloud, France.

mutation is frequently encountered in hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC), especially after aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy, as a mechanism of resistance to endocrine therapy. Circulating tumor DNA-based detection of mutation in plasma has been demonstrated as a prognostic and predictive factor for poor outcomes in subsequent AI therapy. In this case report, for the first time, we describe the detection of mutation (p. Read More

J Thorac Oncol 2020 Apr 28. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore.

Introduction: Lorlatinib, a next-generation central nervous system-penetrant ALK/ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is approved to treat TKI-refractory ALK-positive (ALK+) NSCLC based on results from a phase 2 study.

Methods: A real-world analysis was performed on ALK+ or ROS1-positive (ROS1+) patients with NSCLC enrolled in lorlatinib early or expanded access programs in Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and the United States.

Results: A total of 95 patients with NSCLC (76 ALK+ and 19 ROS1+) were analyzed. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2020 Jun 5;18:100698. Epub 2020 Apr 5.

Georgia Eye Institute, 4720 Waters Ave, Savannah, GA, 31404, United States.

Purpose: To report a rare case of unilateral optic nerve metastasis without choroidal involvement in a patient with known metastatic carcinoma of the breast.

Observations: A 65-year old female with a history of metastatic breast carcinoma presented to our clinic with a one-month history of blurred vision and floaters of the left eye. Fundoscopy of the left eye revealed a flesh colored nodule with white lobules demonstrating an endophytic growth pattern from the optic nerve. Read More

Int J Clin Oncol 2020 Jul 9;25(7):1432-1439. Epub 2020 Apr 9.

Department of Radiology, Dokkyo Medical University, 880, Kia-Kobayashi, Mibu-Machi, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan.

Background: Although whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) is commonly used as first-line treatment for leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, the prognosis is uncertain despite treatment. Moreover, the benefit of WBRT for leptomeningeal carcinomatosis has not been adequately evaluated. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the utility of WBRT for leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Read More

Int Cancer Conf J 2020 Apr 14;9(2):96-100. Epub 2020 Mar 14.

Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1 West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543 Japan.

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC) associated with pancreatic cancer is an extremely rare complication. Symptoms vary depending on the site of invasion and include intracranial pressure, and cranial and spinal dysfunction making early diagnosis difficult. We describe a rare case of leptomeningeal metastasis from pancreatic cancer. Read More

World Neurosurg 2020 Apr 3. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Metastasis Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. Electronic address:

Objective: Intraventricular metastatic brain tumors account for a small, but challenging, fraction of metastatic brain tumors (0.9%-4.5%). Read More

Cancer Biomark 2020 ;28(1):81-89

Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.

Background: To investigate the feasibility of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) CYFRA 21-1 levels as a therapeutic monitoring biomarker in leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC) patients undergoing ventriculo-lumbar perfusion (VLP) chemotherapy.

Methods: The levels of CYFRA 21-1 in 42 CSF samples from 15 LMC patients were analyzed using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Samples were collected at individual time points during VLP chemotherapy. Read More

Intern Med 2020 Jun 12;59(11):1433-1435. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Japan.

We herein report a 66-year-old woman with advanced lung adenocarcinoma [programmed cell death and its ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score 60%] lacking driver oncogenes in whom meningeal carcinomatosis, along with sudden onset dizziness, deafness, and consciousness disturbance, appeared after second-line chemotherapy. Whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) and Pembrolizumab were subsequently administered, and third-line chemotherapy with Pembrolizumab is now ongoing. At the time of writing, the patient has achieved a 23-month survival without disease progression. Read More

Case Rep Oncol 2020 Jan-Apr;13(1):35-42. Epub 2020 Jan 21.

Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis is an extremely rare, but devastating complication in pancreatic cancer patients with a poor prognosis despite multimodal treatment. We present a 51-year-old male patient with the very rare condition of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis originating from pancreatic cancer. He presented to our hospital with severe headache and neck stiffness 30 months after systemic chemotherapy. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2020 Jan;8(2):370-376

Department of Geriatric Oncology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China.

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) metastases are a catastrophic complication of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including brain and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, and are always accompanied by a poor prognosis. Despite the continuous development of existing treatments, the therapy of CNS metastases remains challenging.

Case Summary: We report a patient who was definitively diagnosed with brain and leptomeningeal metastases from NSCLC with a targeted mutation in epidermal growth factor receptor (). Read More

Tumori 2020 Feb 11:300891620904411. Epub 2020 Feb 11.

Division of Oncology, ASST-Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII Bergamo, Italy.

Background: Meningeal carcinomatosis is rare in patients with kidney cancer and treatment options are limited. Few patients treated with systemic approaches have been reported. We describe a case of complete remission of leptomeningeal metastasis in a patient with renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Feb 3;13(2). Epub 2020 Feb 3.

General Medicine Department, North Cumbria University Hospitals NHS Trust, Whitehaven, UK.

J Thorac Oncol 2020 May 21;15(5):752-765. Epub 2020 Jan 21.

Division of Medical Oncology, Kanazawa University Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa, Japan; Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan. Electronic address:

Introduction: Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC) occurs frequently in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged NSCLC and develops acquired resistance to ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK TKIs). This study aimed to clarify the resistance mechanism to alectinib, a second-generation ALK TKI, in LMC and test a novel therapeutic strategy.

Methods: We induced alectinib resistance in an LMC mouse model with ALK-rearranged NSCLC cell line, A925LPE3, by continuous oral alectinib treatment, established A925L/AR cells. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2020 Jun 22;26(12):2789-2799. Epub 2020 Jan 22.

Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas.

Purpose: ANG1005, a novel taxane derivative, consists of three paclitaxel molecules covalently linked to Angiopep-2, designed to cross the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal barriers and to penetrate malignant cells via LRP1 transport system. Preclinical and clinical evidence of efficacy with ANG1005 has been previously shown.

Patients And Methods: A multicenter, open-label phase II study in adult patients with measurable recurrent brain metastases from breast cancer (BCBM), with or without leptomeningeal carcinomatosis was conducted ( = 72 BCBM; = 28 leptomeningeal carcinomatosis subset). Read More

Neurology 2020 01;94(3):e330-e334

From the Division of Pediatrics (A.L., J.-B.A.), Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit (C.A., M.B.-P.), Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Unit (S.A.), and Unit of Pediatric Neurology and Neurorehabilitation (C.P., E.R.-P., S.L.), Department Woman-Mother-Child, University Institute of Pathology (J.-P.B.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Service of Neurosurgery (M.M.), and Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine (S.A.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland.

Taiwan J Ophthalmol 2019 Oct-Dec;9(4):288-291. Epub 2019 Dec 13.

Department of Ophthalmology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC) is an uncommon presentation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and it is a devastating and life-threatening complication. The disease affects all levels of the central nervous system, and most patients present with different multifocal neurological symptoms. This case was a 34-year-old male who had acute bilateral blindness secondary to recurrent ALL with meningeal infiltration. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2020 Jan 13;21:e918488. Epub 2020 Jan 13.

Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Katsura Hospital, Kyoto City, Kyoto, Japan.

BACKGROUND Cerebral venous sinus obstruction associated with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis is an extremely rare complication of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. There is little information available on the efficacy of therapeutic options because of its rarity and extremely poor prognosis. CASE REPORT A 57-year-old man presented with severe headache, vomiting, and visual loss for 1 month. Read More

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020 Jul 19;33(4):527-541. Epub 2020 Jan 19.

Department of Neuro-Oncology & Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.

In February 2018, the Melanoma Research Foundation and the Moffitt Cancer Center hosted the Second Summit on Melanoma Central Nervous System Metastases in Tampa, Florida. The meeting included investigators from multiple academic centers and disciplines. A consensus summary of the progress and challenges in melanoma parenchymal brain metastases was published (Eroglu et al. Read More

Thorac Cancer 2020 Feb 7;11(2):436-442. Epub 2020 Jan 7.

Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Background: We investigated the risk factors for leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC) and compared clinical efficacies of various treatment modalities including intrathecal (IT) chemotherapy in patients with lung adenocarcinoma harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations.

Methods: Using clinical research data from the Asan Medical Center, we retrospectively analyzed data of patients diagnosed with LMC, confirmed via cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis from January 2008 to December 2017.

Results: We identified 1189 patients with lung adenocarcinoma harboring EGFR mutations. Read More

Neurology 2020 02 6;94(5):e521-e528. Epub 2020 Jan 6.

From the Division of Pharmacology (M.T.J.v.B., D.P., B.M.K., J.H.B., J.H.M.S.), Clinical Pharmacology (M.T.J.v.B., B.M.K., J.H.B., J.H.M.S), Division of Pathology (M.B.), Department of Biometrics (K.S.), Department of Laboratory Medicine (D.T.C.L., D.v.d.B.), and Department of Neuro-oncology (D.B.), Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam; and Science Faculty (J.H.B., J.H.M.S), Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaco-epidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.

Objective: The primary objective was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) immunoflow cytometry circulating tumor cells (CTC) analysis in CSF in patients with suspected leptomeningeal metastases (LM). The secondary objective was to explore the distribution of driver mutations in the primary tumor, plasma, cell free CSF (cfCSF), and isolated CTC from CSF in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: We tested the performance of the CTC assay vs CSF cytology in a prospective study in 81 patients with a clinical suspicion of LM but a nonconfirmatory MRI. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Jan;99(1):e18298

Introduction: Leptomeningeal dissemination due to HER2-overexpressing breast cancer is a rare and hard to treat complication with short-term dismal prognosis.

Patient Concerns: A 34-year-old female previously treated because of HER2+ breast cancer is admitted to the Neurology Department in December 2016 due to sensory-motor neurological semiology.

Diagnosis: A wide set of diagnostic tests is performed and finally cytologic findings after repeated CSF confirm leptomeningeal infiltration by breast carcinoma (panCK+, GATA3+). Read More

Clin Case Rep 2019 Dec 22;7(12):2341-2345. Epub 2019 Oct 22.

Department of Neurology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL USA.

Leptomeningeal metastasis is extremely rare in patients with ovarian cancer, but should be considered in patients presenting with neurologic deficits such as cauda equine syndrome. Given its poor prognosis and lack of data currently on management, additional studies are needed to optimize treatment regimens and improve outcomes. Read More

Ann Palliat Med 2019 Nov;8(5):525-531

Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China.

Background: To find the method of therapy of leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient with EGFR mutation (EGFR+) but without T790M mutation.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was reviewed for 5 NSCLC patients with EGFR+ who develop to LM from January 2018 to February 2019 in our hospital.

Results: All five NSCLC cases were adenocarcinoma, four cases were verified existed EGFR mutation with 19 exon deletion in the first diagnosed by biopsy tissue, the other tissue was verified 21 exon mutation. Read More

BMC Neurol 2019 Dec 19;19(1):331. Epub 2019 Dec 19.

Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.

Background: Meningeal carcinomatosis (MC) is the most severe form of brain metastasis and causes significant morbidity and mortality. Currently, the diagnosis of MC is routinely confirmed on the basis of clinical manifestation, positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology, and/or neuroimaging features. However, negative rate of CSF cytology and neuroimaging findings often result in a failure to diagnose MC from the patients who actually have the disease. Read More

NPJ Breast Cancer 2019 29;5:46. Epub 2019 Nov 29.

1Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA.

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC) is a devastating complication of metastatic cancer that disproportionately affects patients with advanced breast cancer. Moreover, those with BRCA1/2-mutated disease more often experience leptomeningeal metastasis. Treatment options for LC are limited and often include significant toxicities. Read More

Front Oncol 2019 15;9:1224. Epub 2019 Nov 15.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.

Leptomeningeal disease (LMD), also known as neoplastic meningitis, leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, or carcinomatous meningitis, is a rare cancer complication occurring in ~5% of cases and ultimately leads to significant morbidity and mortality. In the modern era, incidence of this condition continues to rise with longer survival of patients with advanced and even metastatic disease due to continued improvements in systemic therapies that are providing prolonged control of distant disease, but with limited effect in the central nervous system (CNS). Typical treatment strategies include optimal systemic therapy for the primary disease, as well as neuroaxis directed therapies, which may include intrathecal chemotherapy (ITC) or radiotherapy (RT). Read More

Indian J Cancer 2019 Nov;56(Supplement):S1-S9

Department of Medical Oncology, Sr. Consultant Medical Oncologist, Meenakshi Mission Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.

In leptomeningeal metastasis (LM), malignant lung cancer cells reach the sanctuary site of the leptomeningeal space through haematogenous or lymphatic route and thrive in the leptomeninges because of restricted access of chemotherapeutic agents across the blood brain barrier. The incidence of LM is 3%-5% in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients; the incidence is higher in patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. However, the real-world burden of undiagnosed cases may be higher. Read More

Neurol India 2019 Sep-Oct;67(5):1352-1357

Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Dorsolumbar intradural extramedullary ependymoma is a rare entity. Spinal metastases in patients with intracranial ependymoma are well described, but it is extremely rare for a spinal ependymoma to metastasize to brain. We describe a case of aggressive dorsolumbar intradural extramedullary ependymoma mimicking arachnoid cyst radiologically, which developed intracranial metastasis. Read More

Thorac Cancer 2020 Jan 17;11(1):173-175. Epub 2019 Nov 17.

Department of Radiology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.

Meningeal carcinomatosis (MC) refers to the diffuse or multifocal spread or infiltration of malignant tumors in the pia mater. It is a special distribution type of metastatic tumors in the central nervous system and one of the important reasons of death caused by metastatic malignant tumors. Here, we report a rare case of metastatic meningeal carcinomatosis from the lung cancer. Read More

World Neurosurg 2020 Feb 14;134:361-364. Epub 2019 Nov 14.

Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Olfactory neuroblastoma (ON) is a highly aggressive and locally recurrent neoplasm. Distant systemic metastases are not uncommon, but remote leptomeningeal dissemination is extremely rare.

Case Description: We report 2 cases of ON previously treated with endoscopic endonasal radical surgical resection and radiotherapy. Read More

World Neurosurg 2020 Mar 9;135:259-261. Epub 2019 Nov 9.

Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.

Background: Ventriculoatrial shunts can be afflicted with distal malfunctions due to thrombus formation at the distal tip. Distal tip thrombus formation may occur more commonly in oncologic patients who are predisposed to hypercoagulability.

Case Description: A patient who had a ventriculoatrial shunt placed for leptomeningeal carcinomatosis presented with headaches and confusion and was found to have a partial distal shunt obstruction. Read More

Eur Radiol 2020 Feb 5;30(2):866-876. Epub 2019 Nov 5.

Institute of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic value of a contrast-enhanced 3D T1-weighted-modified volumetric isotropic turbo spin-echo acquisition sequence (T1-mVISTA) in comparison with a conventional 3D T1-weighted magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo (T1-MP-RAGE) sequence for the detection of meningeal enhancement in patients with meningitis.

Methods: Thirty patients (infectious meningitis, n = 12; neoplastic meningitis, n = 18) and 45 matched controls were enrolled in this retrospective case-control study. Sets of randomly selected T1-mVISTA and T1-MP-RAGE images (both with 0. Read More

Brain Tumor Res Treat 2019 Oct;7(2):85-91

Neuro-Oncology Clinic, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of modified ventriculolumbar perfusion (VLP) chemotherapy with methotrexate on leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in terms of symptomatic response and side effects.

Methods: Previous infusion rate of 20 mL/h was reduced to 15 mL/h for the purpose of decreasing constitutional side effects of VLP such as nausea/vomiting, insomnia and confusion. The primary outcome was the response rate of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), and the secondary outcome was the occurrence of side effects compared to previous 20 mL/h trial. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Nov 2;12(11). Epub 2019 Nov 2.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.

We describe a case of a 67-year-old man with known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoarthritis, previous history of excess alcohol intake, and oesophagectomy 3 years earlier for T3N0 adenocarcinoma, referred by his general practitioner with confusion, weight loss and several recent falls. CT of the chest, abdomen and pelvis revealed a right middle-lobe pulmonary embolism, while CT of the head revealed a communicating hydrocephalus. Lumbar puncture was performed, and empirical treatment for tuberculous and fungal meningitis was commenced. Read More

Can J Neurol Sci 2019 Aug 22:1-3. Epub 2019 Aug 22.

Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2019 Oct 23;15 Suppl 6:5-7. Epub 2019 Oct 23.

Hong Kong Adventist Oncology Center, Hong Kong Adventist Hospital, Stubbs Road, Hong Kong.

Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with leptomeningeal metastases (LM) is associated with a dismal prognosis of typically 3-9 months. In preclinical and clinical studies, the third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor osimertinib has demonstrated activity in the central nervous system (CNS), and studies are ongoing. We report here a case of osimertinib used at 160 mg once daily in a heavily pretreated patient with EGFR exon 20 T790M-negative advanced NSCLC with LM to achieve a partial response, including shrinkage of the LM, for up to 12 months until further progression. Read More

Med Clin (Barc) 2019 Oct 18. Epub 2019 Oct 18.

Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, España.

Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther 2019 Dec 14;12(4):189-193. Epub 2019 Oct 14.

Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.

Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) in breast cancer is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. While there is currently no standard therapy, treatment options include craniospinal radiotherapy, intrathecal chemotherapy and systemic chemotherapy. Craniospinal radiotherapy has not demonstrated improved survival and intrathecal chemotherapy is often poorly tolerated due to associated neurotoxicity. Read More

Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020 03 10;106(3):579-586. Epub 2019 Oct 10.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California. Electronic address:

Purpose: For brain metastases, surgical resection with postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery is an emerging standard of care. Postoperative cavity stereotactic radiosurgery is associated with a specific, underrecognized pattern of intracranial recurrence, herein termed nodular leptomeningeal disease (nLMD), which is distinct from classical leptomeningeal disease. We hypothesized that there is poor consensus regarding the definition of LMD, and that a formal, self-guided training module will improve interrater reliability (IRR) and validity in diagnosing LMD. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Oct 10;12(10). Epub 2019 Oct 10.

Palliative Care Unit, Hospital da Luz Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC) is rare in solid tumours, particularly in gastrointestinal cancers. While other treatment strategies remain undefined, inclusion of palliative care is essential due to its very poor prognosis and variable manifestations. We report a case of oesophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma, previously submitted to surgery and chemotherapy, diagnosed with LC and followed in a palliative care unit. Read More

Clin Lung Cancer 2020 Jan 3;21(1):e1-e5. Epub 2019 Aug 3.

Clinical Oncology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.

J Oncol Pract 2019 10;15(10):558-559

Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY.