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Case Rep Pediatr 2020 17;2020:8267805. Epub 2020 Mar 17.

Department of Dermatology and Skin Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1K1, Canada.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is a rare, acquired disorder characterized by mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation and melanonychia striata with no underlying systemic abnormalities. We report an 8-year-old boy with Laugier-Hunziker syndrome who presented with melanonychia striata affecting all the fingernails and toenails, macular pigmentation on the tongue and the lower lip, and scleral melanocytosis. Melanonychia striata rarely affect all the twenty nails, and scleral melanocytosis has rarely been reported in association with Laugier-Hunziker syndrome. Read More

Indian J Dermatol 2020 Jan-Feb;65(1):69-70

Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. E-mail:

J Cosmet Laser Ther 2019 16;21(7-8):395-397. Epub 2019 Oct 16.

Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Republic of Korea.

Laugier-hunziker syndrome (LHS) is a sporadic and acquired melanotic pigmentation of lips and oral mucosa which is not associated with gastrointestinal hamartomas in contrast to Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Treatment using Q-switched neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (QS-ND:YAG) laser, Q-switched alexandrite laser and, cryotherapy have been reported. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no report regarding long-term follow-up for recurrence. Read More

J Cosmet Laser Ther 2019 2;21(6):343-345. Epub 2019 Sep 2.

Dr Nair's Skin Clinic & Hair Transplant Centre , Gurgaon , India.

: Laugier-Hunziker (LH) syndrome is a rare condition in which melanocyte overactivity produces lentiginous lesions of the lips and buccal mucosa. : Given the paucity of reports on therapeutic options in LH syndrome, this case is herein reported to show the response to treatment with the Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser in a 32-year-old man with LH Syndrome. : The Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser was used to treat the lentiginous lesions on the mucosal surface of the lower lips using a single pass at 532 nm. Read More

Acta Neurol Belg 2019 Sep 23;119(3):325-336. Epub 2019 Jul 23.

1st Department of Neurology and Movement Disorders, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Aeginition Hospital, 72-74 Vasilissis Sofias Avenue, 11528, Athens, Greece.

The use of levodopa for treatment of Parkinson's disease is a well-established clinical practice. Data about the true incidence and severity of cutaneous complications associated with the use of levodopa are largely lacking. Aim of this review was to evaluate the quality of evidence referring to the skin disorders caused by levodopa treatment for Parkinson's disease. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2019 Nov 21;58(11):1239-1245. Epub 2019 Apr 21.

Departments of Pediatrics, Laboratory Medicine, and Pathology, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Melanonychia striata is characterized by a tan, brown, or black longitudinal streak within the nail plate that runs from the proximal nail fold to the distal part of the nail plate. Melanonychia striata is due to increased activity of melanocytes or melanocytic hyperplasia in the nail matrix with subsequently increased melanin deposition in the nail plate. The most common cause of melanonychia striata associated with melanocytic activation is ethnic melanonychia which occurs in dark-skinned individuals. Read More

Reumatologia 2019 28;57(1):63-65. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is a rare benign idiopathic condition characterized by acquired macular pigmentation of the lips and buccal mucosa, often accompanied by melanonychia. Although the etiopathogenesis is not fully known, tyrosine is thought to be responsible for the pathogenesis of enzyme hyperactivity in melanin biosynthesis. We present the case of a 66-year-old woman diagnosed with Laugier-Hunziker syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis. Read More

Eur J Dermatol 2018 Dec;28(6):830-831

Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 463-707, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.

World J Clin Cases 2018 Sep;6(10):322-334

Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China.

Labial and oral melanotic macules are commonly encountered in a broad range of conditions ranging from physiologic pigmentation to a sign of an underlying life-threatening disease. Although Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS) shares some features of labial and oral pigmentation with a variety of conditions, it is a benign and acquired condition, frequently associated with longitudinal melanonychia. Herein, the demographic, clinical, dermoscopic, and pathological aspects of LHS were reviewed comprehensively. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 26;2018. Epub 2018 Jul 26.

Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS) is a rare, benign and acquired disorder characterized by hyperpigmentation of the oral cavity and lips along with longitudinal melanonychia. No underlying systemic abnormalities or malignant predisposition is associated with it. In everyday clinical practice, an endocrinologist encounters certain endocrine conditions (e. Read More

F1000Res 2018 6;7:284. Epub 2018 Mar 6.

Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia.

Dermoscopy, a non-invasive technique for cutaneous diagnosis is being increasingly studied in various disorders of the skin, nails and scalp. However, it has been under-utilized for the diagnosis and characterization of mucosal disorders. The dermoscopic characterization of cutaneous lichen planus and its variants has been well documented with Wickham's striae constituting the hallmark of the condition. Read More

Head Neck Pathol 2019 Jun 15;13(2):257-263. Epub 2018 Feb 15.

Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 355 Squire Hall, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY, 14214-3008, USA.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS, also termed idiopathic lenticular mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation) is an unusual condition characterized by progressive pigmentation of the mucous membranes. LHS displays a benign course and is not associated with malignancy. Here we present a case of LHS with a 7-year follow-up. Read More

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018 Apr 12;119(2):158-160. Epub 2017 Dec 12.

Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 210008 Nanjing, China. Electronic address:

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS) is a rare, benign, acquired pigmentary condition mainly affecting lips, oral mucosa and acral area, frequently associated with longitudinal melanonychia. Herein, we reported a 45-year-old female case with LHS. The clinical, dermoscopic, histopathologic features of LHS were reviewed and the important differential diagnosis was discussed. Read More

Cutis 2017 09;100(3):E17-E19

Department of Dermatology, United States Naval Hospital, Yokosuka, Japan.

J Photochem Photobiol B 2017 Aug 15;173:353-359. Epub 2017 Jun 15.

Division of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States.

Background: Oral pigmentation, especially in the gingiva poses esthetic problems. Laser therapy has been widely used for cosmetic therapy in dentistry. The aim of the present study was to systematically review the efficacy of surgical laser therapy (SLT) in the management of oral pigmented lesions (OPL). Read More

Singapore Med J 2017 05;58(5):281

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, John Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.

Dermatol Pract Concept 2017 Apr 30;7(2):27-30. Epub 2017 Apr 30.

Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich Switzerland.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS) is a rare condition characterized by acquired hyperpigmentation involving the lips, oral mucosa, acral surfaces, nails and perineum. While patients with LHS may manifest pigmentation in all of the aforementioned areas, most present with pigmentation localized to only a few of these anatomical sites. We herein report a patient exhibiting the characteristic pigment distribution pattern associated with LHS. Read More

Indian Dermatol Online J 2017 Mar-Apr;8(2):148-150

Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Clin Genet 2016 10 3;90(4):372-7. Epub 2016 Feb 3.

Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Pathogenic mutations in genes (SASH1 and PTPN11) can cause a rare genetic disorder associated with pigmentation defects and the well-known LEOPARD syndrome, respectively. Both conditions presented with lentiginous phenotypes. The aim of this study was to arrive at definite diagnoses of three Chinese boys with clinically suspected lentigines-related syndromes. Read More

Rev Med Chil 2016 May;144(5):671-4

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is a rare benign idiopathic condition characterized by acquired macular pigmentation of lips and buccal mucosa, often accompanied with melanonychia. The main concern with this condition is to rule out other differential diagnosis with systemic repercussions and similar hyperpigmentation patterns, such as Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, adrenal insufficiency and melanoma. We report a 58-year-old female with a 20-year history of Sjögren’s syndrome, presenting with melanonychia and hyperpigmentation in the buccal mucosa. Read More

Indian J Dermatol 2016 May-Jun;61(3):338-9

Department of Dermatology, Katihar Medical College, Katihar, Bihar, India.

Dermatol Pract Concept 2016 Jan 31;6(1):23-4. Epub 2016 Jan 31.

Department of Pathology, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.

Australas J Dermatol 2017 May 14;58(2):135-138. Epub 2016 Jan 14.

Royal Melbourne Hospital, Familial Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a rare, autosomal dominant condition characterised by mucocutaneous pigmented lesions, gastrointestinal polyposis and a significant risk of cancer. Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS) is a benign condition with similar dermatological features, but with no systemic complications. STK 11 gene testing allows clinicians to differentiate between these two disorders. Read More

Clin Exp Dermatol 2016 Apr 28;41(3):294-6. Epub 2015 Oct 28.

Department of Dermatology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, UK.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS) is a rare acquired disorder characterized by macu-lar pigmentation of the lips and oral mucosa, with frequent longitudinal melanonychia. Involvement of other areas, such as the genitalia and fingers, has rarely been described. LHS is a benign condition with no known systemic manifestations. Read More

An Bras Dermatol 2015 May-Jun;90(3 Suppl 1):223-5

Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, RS.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is a rare, acquired disorder characterized by lenticular hyperpigmentation of the oral mucosa and longitudinal melanonychia. We present the case of a 63-year-old female with progressive, asymptomatic hyperpigmentation of buccal mucosa and a 7-year history of hyperpigmentation in several fingernails. Laugier-Hunziker syndrome was diagnosed based on the clinical features presented, dermoscopic findings and exclusion of underlying systemic diseases. Read More

Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2015 Jan;28(1):41-2

Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine and Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas.

We describe a 46-year-old Hispanic woman who was incidentally found to have hyperpigmentation of the oral mucosa and nails during a routine full body skin examination. The patient reported having these changes for years with no symptoms. A diagnosis of the Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS) was made. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2015 24;22:291. Epub 2015 Nov 24.

Service de Dermatologie et Vénérologie, CHU Ibn Sina, Université Mohammed V, Rabat Maroc.

Case Rep Dent 2013 3;2013:561040. Epub 2013 Dec 3.

Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey.

The present report describes a case of Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS), a rare benign condition. A patient with LHS develops acquired melanotic pigmentation of the lips and buccal mucosa, often with pigmentation of the nails occurring. No systemic symptoms are associated with this syndrome. Read More

Eur J Dermatol 2013 Apr;23(2):284-5

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013 Jul 2;116(1):e52-8. Epub 2013 Apr 2.

Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is a rare acquired disorder characterized by diffuse pigmented macules of the oral mucosa. Other mucosal and cutaneous surfaces may be affected, and nail involvement is frequent. A case of Laugier-Hunziker syndrome in a Greek female with multiple buccal and labial mucosal lesions and unusual conjunctival involvement is presented here. Read More

Actas Dermosifiliogr 2013 Mar 21;104(2):173-4. Epub 2012 Dec 21.

Actas Dermosifiliogr 2013 Mar 20;104(2):174. Epub 2012 Dec 20.

Int J Oral Sci 2012 Dec 23;4(4):226-30. Epub 2012 Nov 23.

Department of Oral Medicine, Institute and Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS) is an acquired pigmentary condition affecting lips, oral mucosa and acral area, frequently associated with longitudinal melanonychia. There is neither malignant predisposition nor underlying systemic abnormality associated with LHS. Herein, we present three uncommon cases of LHS with possibly new feature of nail pigmentation, which were diagnosed during the past 2 years. Read More

Case Rep Dermatol 2012 May 16;4(2):174-6. Epub 2012 Aug 16.

Department of Dermatology, Hietzing Municipal Hospital, Vienna, Austria.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is a rare acquired disorder characterized by macular hyperpigmentation of the oral and occasionally genital mucosa as well as longitudinal melanonychia. It is considered a benign condition without systemic manifestation or malignant potential. We report on a woman who concomitantly developed Laugier-Hunziker syndrome and a carcinoma of the pancreas. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2012 May;16(2):245-50

Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Maratha Mandal's NG Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is a rare acquired disorder characterized by diffuse hyperpigmentation of the oral mucosa and longitudinal melanonychia in adults. They appear as macular lesions less than 5 mm in diameter. Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is considered to be a benign disease with no systemic manifestation or malignant potential. Read More

Cutis 2011 Nov;88(5):235-6

Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is a rare mucocutaneous pigmentary disorder. It is considered benign, but other mucocutaneous pigmentation disorders are in the differential diagnosis and should be ruled out. This report describes a woman with pigmentation of the labial mucosa of the lower lip who was successfully treated with a Q-switched 532-nm laser. Read More

CMAJ 2011 Sep 8;183(12):1402. Epub 2011 Aug 8.

Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2011 Jul-Aug;77(4):536

J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2011 Jan;4(1):58-60

Carolena Skin, Laser & Research Centre, Jalandhar, Punjab, India.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS) is an acquired, benign pigmentary skin condition involving oral cavity including lower lip in the form of brown black macules 1-5 mm in size, frequently associated with longitudinal melanonychia. There is no underlying systemic abnormality or malignant predisposition associated with LHS, and therefore the prognosis is good. Important differential diagnoses include Peutz Jeghers syndrome and Addison's disease among other causes of oral and acral pigmentation. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2010 Dec 15;16(12). Epub 2010 Dec 15.

Department of Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS) is a rare acquired disorder characterized by diffuse macular hyperpigmentation of the oral mucosa and, at times, longitudinal melanonychia. Although LHS is considered a benign disease with no systemic manifestations or malignant potential, it is important to rule out other mucocutaneous pigmentary disorders that do require medical management. Prompt clinical recognition also averts the need for excessive and invasive procedures and treatments. Read More

J Dermatol 2011 Jan 23;38(1):87-90. Epub 2010 Nov 23.

Dermatol Online J 2010 Nov 15;16(11):23. Epub 2010 Nov 15.

Department of Dermatology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.

Laugier Hunziker syndrome is a rare disorder that is characterized by adult-onset hyperpigmented macules of the lips, oral cavity, and fingertips. Longitudinal melanonychia is present in the majority of cases. We present a 45-year-old woman with adult-onset hyperpigmented macules of the oral cavity as well as linear melanonychia that involved multiple fingernails. Read More

An Bras Dermatol 2010 Sep-Oct;85(5):751-3

Hospital Universitário Getúlio Vargas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brasil.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is an acquired macular hyperpigmentation of the oral and genital mucosa, often associated with longitudinal melanonychia. We report a case of longitudinal melanonychia on fingernails and toenails, hutchinson's signal and lenticular pigmentation of her lips and oral mucosa. Histopathological analysis is typical and had a broad differential diagnosis. Read More

J Dermatol 2010 Nov;37(11):980-4

Department of Dermatology, Universitary Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS) is an acquired, benign, macular hyperpigmentation of the lips and oral mucosa, often associated with pigmentation of the nails. Volar acral maculae on the palms and fingertips of patients affected by LHS are a typical feature of this rare entity. Dermoscopic examination of these maculae has been described in a previous report, in which authors found a parallel-furrow pattern. Read More

Int J Dent 2010 7;2010:525404. Epub 2010 Jul 7.

Department of Oral Science, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is a rare benign condition characterized by diffuse oral hyperpigmentation associated with pigmentation of the nails. The syndrome must be included in the differential diagnosis of diffuse oral pigmentation to exclude other conditions with systemic implications. We describe a 43-year-old white woman with the clinical and histological features of Laugier-Hunziker syndrome associated with toenail pigmentation. Read More

Arch Dermatol Res 2010 Mar 11;302(2):125-30. Epub 2009 Dec 11.

Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome (LHS), a rare, acquired pigmentary disorder of the lips, oral mucosa, and fingers, is known to be an entirely benign disease with no systemic manifestations. In the past, the pigmentation has been treated efficiently in a few patients with the Q-switched neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser and the Q-switched alexandrite laser (QSAL). In order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of QSAL on Chinese patients of LHS, we treated 22 patients with QSAL in the past 5 years. Read More

Dermatol Surg 2010 4;36(1):152-4. Epub 2009 Nov 4.

Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.

J Dermatol 2008 Dec;35(12):806-7

J Am Acad Dermatol 2008 Nov;59(5 Suppl):S105-8

Department of Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.

We report mucosal melanoma of the upper lip in a patient affected by the Laugier-Hunziker disease. Using dermatoscopy, two distinct parts were identified in the same mucosal area: nodular (malignant) and macular (benign). A complete surgical excision was performed and the patient has been free of disease for 16 months. Read More