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Indian J Psychiatry 2019 Mar-Apr;61(2):161-166

Department of Psychiatry, Aydın Government Hospital, Aydin, Turkey.

Background: The C677T and A1298C mutations of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) have been linked with conditions such as depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia, but there are not clear the relationship between MTHFR polymorphisms and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Aim: The current study was planned to investigate the link between the MTHFR polymorphisms and OCD in patients to reveal any potential correlations that may be used as a novel marker in diagnosis of people who are in high-risk group of developing OCD.

Materials And Methods: Blood samples from 64 highly characterized symptomatic cases and 64 gender- and age-matched control participants were analyzed for MTHFR C677T and A1298C gene variants. Read More

Brain Imaging Behav 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Neuropsychiatric Institute and Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiang Su, China.

Cognitive deficit is a key feature of late-onset depression (LOD) and remains after clinical recovery. LOD has been associated with widespread neurobiological difficulties, including atrophy in gray and white matter (WM) tissue in areas distributed throughout the brain. However, little is known about the topological pattern changes of WM structural networks in LOD in the remitted state and its relationship to cognitive deficits. Read More

J Affect Disord 2019 Mar 6;251:60-70. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

AP-HP, Western Paris University Hospitals, Department of Psychiatry, Issy-les-Moulineaux 92130, France; INSERM UMR 894, Psychiatry and Neurosciences Center, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.

Background: Few studies have examined the prevalence and correlates of subsyndromal and syndromal depressive symptoms (SSSD) among older adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. In this report, we examined the prevalence of SSSD and their associations with sociodemographic characteristics, clinical characteristics of schizophrenia, comorbidity, psychotropic medications, quality of life, functioning and mental health care utilization in a large, multicenter sample of older adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder.

Methods: Data from the Cohort of individuals with Schizophrenia Aged 55 years or more (CSA) were used to examine the prevalence of SSSD, defined using the Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CESD) scale. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2019 ;1942:173-189

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA.

Individuals carrying an FMR1 expansion between 55 and 200 CGG repeats, are at risk of developing the Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), a late onset neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cerebellar gait ataxia, intentional tremor, neuropathy, parkinsonism, cognitive decline, and psychological disorders, such as anxiety and depression. In addition, brain atrophy, white matter disease, and hyperintensities of the middle cerebellar peduncles can also be present. The neuropathological distinct feature of FXTAS is represented by the presence of eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions in neurons and astrocytes throughout the brain and in other tissues. Read More

Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarangro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea.

Rationale: Depressive syndrome or depression is a debilitating brain disorder affecting numerous people worldwide. Although readily available, current antidepressants have low remission rates and late onset times. Recently, N-methyl--aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, like ketamine and methoxetamine (MXE), were found to elicit rapid antidepressant effects. Read More

J Affect Disord 2019 May 6;250:410-418. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Centre for Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Healthy Brain Initiative, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Healthy Ageing Organisation (AHAO), Parkville, Victoria, Australia. Electronic address:

Background: Depression's relationship with cerebral abnormalities and cognitive decline is temporally dynamic. Despite clear clinical utility, understanding depression's effect on cerebral structures, cognitive impairment and the interaction between these symptoms has had limited consideration.

Methods: This review summarised studies examining a clinical depression diagnosis or validated scales measuring depressive symptoms, data concerning amyloid-beta (Aβ) levels, brain structure and function focusing on hippocampal alterations, or white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and at least one validated neuropsychological test. Read More

Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2019 Mar 12. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

ÁREA, Assistance and Research in Affective Disorders, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Objectives: Characterization of clinical course in Old Age Bipolar Disorder (OABD) is scarce and based solely on Episode Density (ED). The aim of this study was to explore Mood Instability (MI) and Subsyndromal Symptomatology (SS) in a prospective cohort of OABD. Further, we contrasted these measures with a cohort of Young Age Bipolar Disorder (YABD). Read More

PeerJ 2019 6;7:e6566. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

United Graduate School of Child Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.

Background: While it has been implied that an infant's exposure to maternal postpartum depression (PPD) may be associated with delayed development of expressive language, it remains unclear whether such a delay persists into childhood and whether the onset of PPD onset-early (within 4 weeks after childbirth) vs. late (between 5 and 12 weeks postpartum)-is relevant in this context.

Objective: To examine whether children of mothers with early- or late-onset PPD have reduced expressive language scores during infancy and early childhood (up to 40 months of age). Read More

Ann Rheum Dis 2019 May 7;78(5):688-695. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.

Objective: There is inconsistent evidence about the association between inflammatory disorders and depression and anxiety onset in a primary care context. The study aimed to evaluate the risk of depression and anxiety within multisystem and organ-specific inflammatory disorders.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study with primary care patients from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink diagnosed with an inflammatory disorder between 1 January 2001 and 31 December 2016. Read More

Psychogeriatrics 2019 Feb 27. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.

Background: Recently, depression with Lewy body pathology before the appearance of parkinsonism and cognitive dysfunction has been drawing attention. Low cardiac metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) uptake is helpful for early differentiation of Lewy body disease (LBD) from late-onset psychiatric disorders even before parkinsonism or dementia appears. In this study, we used MIBG uptake as a tool in suspected LBD, and evaluated the relationship of MIBG results to clinical characteristics and depressive symptoms. Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019 May 13;28(5):1252-1260. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom; Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Manchester, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom.

Introduction: To test the hypotheses that changes in the aortic pulse-wave produced by arterial stiffening are (1) propagated into cerebral small vessels, (2) associated with reduced compliance of small cerebral arterial vessels, and (3) associated with the presence of dilated perivascular spaces (PVS).

Methods: Fifteen volunteers and 19 patients with late-onset depression (LOD) were prospectively recruited, of which 6 fulfilled the criteria for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Aortic pulse-wave velocity (PWV) was determined using Carotid-Femoral Doppler. Read More

Parkinsons Dis 2019 2;2019:1654161. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.

Background: Nonmotor symptoms (NMS) are prodromal characteristics of Parkinson's disease (PD). The first-degree relatives (FDR) of PD patients had a higher risk of PD and also had more NMS.

Objective: To delineate NMS in FDR of patients with different clinical types of PD. Read More

Nurs Res 2019 Jan 21. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Professor, University of Mississippi Medical Center School of Nursing, Jackson, MS Assistant Professor, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC Associate Professor, University of Wisconsin - Madison School of Medicine and Public Health. Madison, WI Professor, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA Medical Student, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA Professor, University of Wisconsin - Madison School of Nursing, Madison, WI Physician, Private Practice Psychiatry and Pyschotherapy, Catania, Italy.

Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) observed on magnetic resonance images are associated with depression and increase risk of stroke, dementia and death. The association between physical activity and WMH has been inconsistently reported in the literature, perhaps because studies did not account for a lifetime of physical activity or depression.

Objectives: To determine the extent to which a lifetime of leisure-time physical activity is associated with less WMH while accounting for depression. Read More

AAPS PharmSciTech 2019 Jan 7;20(2):50. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390001, India.

Gene therapy involving p11 cDNA has been thought to be a futuristic approach for the effective management of depression as the existing treatment regimen presents many issues regarding late onset of action, patient withdrawal and their side effects. For the effective transfection of p11 gene intracellularly, two cationic lipids based on phospholipid DOPE conjugated to basic amino acids histidine and arginine were synthesised, used for liposome formulation and evaluated for their ability as gene delivery vectors. They were further converted using IGF-II mAb into immunoliposomes for CNS targeting and mAb conjugation to liposomes were characterised by SDS-PAGE. Read More

BMC Psychiatry 2019 Jan 3;19(1). Epub 2019 Jan 3.

Centre for Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, 7th Floor Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.

Background: Early exposure to trauma is a known risk factor for personality disorder (PD), but evidence for late-onset personality pathology following trauma in adults is much less clear. We set out to investigate whether exposure to war trauma can lead to lasting personality pathology in adults and to compare the mental health and social functioning of people with late-onset personality problems with those with PD.

Methods: We recruited patients who scored positively on the International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE) in southern Croatia 15 years after the Croatian war of independence and used a semi-structured interview to establish when the person's personality-related problems arose. Read More

Indian J Psychiatry 2018 Oct-Dec;60(4):467-471

Department of Psychiatry, M.G.M. Medical College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Background: Late-onset depression (LOD) is less responsive to standard antidepressant medication compared to early-onset depressive disorder. A group of early-onset depressive episode is less responsive to antidepressant medication, and immune dysregulation is critically involved in it. LOD has been associated with increased vascular risk factor and atherosclerosis and immune dysregulation is critically involved in vascular disease. Read More

J Psychiatry Neurosci 2019 Jan;44(1):45-53

From INSERM, Univ Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France (Ancelin, Carrière, Artero, Ritchie, Ryan, Chaudieu); Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Central Clinical School, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, Australia (Maller); Centre for Mental Health Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (Maller, Meslin); General Electric Healthcare, Australia (Maller); Center for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (Ritchie); and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (Ryan).

Background: There is evidence of structural brain alterations in major depressive disorder (MDD), but little is known about how these alterations might be affected by age at onset or genetic vulnerability. This study examines whether lifetime episodes of MDD are associated with specific alterations in grey-matter volume, and whether those alterations vary according to sex or serotonin transporter-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) genotype (LL, SL or SS).

Methods: We used structural MRI to acquire anatomic scans from 610 community-dwelling participants. Read More

Biomolecules 2018 12 5;8(4). Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.

Despite its substantial clinical importance, specific genetic variants associated with depression have not yet been identified. We sought to identify genetic variants associated with depression by (a) focusing on a more homogenous subsample (vascular depression) and (b) applying a three-stage approach. First, we contacted 730 participants with a confirmed atherosclerotic disease (coronary artery disease) from a population-based study population (German Myocardial Infarction Family Study IV) for psychiatric assessment with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Read More

Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2018 Oct-Dec;21(4):256-262

Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Background: Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common and debilitating symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD); the pathogenesis and natural course of which has not been fully understood.

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate patients with FOG in PD and ascertain factors contributing to an early onset of FOG in patients with PD.

Methodology: A chart review of 100 patients with PD (FOG [+] 50, FOG [-]: 50) was performed. Read More

Cureus 2018 Aug 31;10(8):e3242. Epub 2018 Aug 31.

Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, USA.

Bipolar I disorder is a chronic psychiatric illness in which patients alternate between symptoms of both mania and depression. Most cases are diagnosed when patients are 20 to 50 years old. We describe a patient presenting with symptoms of acute mania at an unusually late age for this condition. Read More

Clin Interv Aging 2018 16;13:2021-2044. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy,

Depression in later life is a significant and growing problem. Age-related differences in the type and severity of depressive disorders continue to be questioned and necessarily question differential methods of assessment and treatment strategies. A host of geropsychiatric measures have been developed for diagnostic purposes, for rating severity of depression, and monitoring treatment progress. Read More

Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2018 Dec 2;175:124-129. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Electronic address:

Objective: This study aims to explore the gender and onset age-related differences of non-motor symptoms (NMS) and the determinants of quality of life (QoL) in a large cohort of Chinese drug-naïve Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 569 drug-naïve PD patients was conducted. The frequency and severity of each NMS was evaluated by Non-Motor Symptom Scale (NMSS), which consists of 9 subdomains. Read More

J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2019 Jan 31;126(1):65-85. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Alzheimer's disease is a genetically complex neurodegenerative disorder representing the leading cause of dementia. Advances in personal genomics are increasing the public uptake of genetic susceptibility testing for complex diseases such as late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). For LOAD, the discovery of the major risk ε4 allele of the APOE gene has prompted a debate on the ethics and utility of presymptomatic (i. Read More

BMJ Open 2018 Oct 27;8(10):e018539. Epub 2018 Oct 27.

Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Objective: Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) is the most common anxiety disorder in the general population and has been associated with high economic and human burden. However, it has been neglected in the health services literature. The objective of this study is to assess whether GAD leads to hospital admissions using data from the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer-Norfolk. Read More

Front Aging Neurosci 2018 3;10:310. Epub 2018 Oct 3.

Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Psychosomatics, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.

Late-onset depression (LOD) is regarded as a risk factor or a prodrome of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Moreover, LOD patients with cognitive deficits have the higher risk of subsequent AD. Thus, it is necessary to understand the neural underpinnings of cognitive deficits and its pathological implications in LOD. Read More

J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2018 ;5(4):225-230

Lisa Mosconi, PhD, Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 428 East 72nd St, Suite 500, Room 407, New York, NY, 10021; Tel: (212) 746-4624, Email:

Along with advanced age and apolipoprotein E (APOE)-4 genotype, female sex is a major risk factor for developing late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Considering that AD pathology begins decades prior to clinical symptoms, the higher risk in women cannot simply be accounted for by their greater longevity as compared to men. Recent investigation into sex-specific pathophysiological mechanisms behind AD risk has implicated the menopause transition (MT), a midlife neuroendocrine transition state unique to females. Read More

Psychol Health Med 2019 Mar 7;24(3):269-280. Epub 2018 Oct 7.

c Department of Psychiatry,Huashan Hospital , Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University , Shanghai , China.

Previous studies have reported a higher incidence of depression and anxiety in psoriasis patients compared to the general population, which has important implications for assessment and treatment. In this study, we determined the frequency of depression and anxiety in Chinese patients with psoriasis and its relationship with disease severity and other demographic variables. The study included 208 Chinese patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Read More

Nat Rev Neurol 2018 Nov;14(11):653-666

Public Health Promotion Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.

Research into dementia prevention is of paramount importance if the dementia epidemic is to be halted. Observational studies have identified several potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia, including hypertension, dyslipidaemia and obesity at midlife, diabetes mellitus, smoking, physical inactivity, depression and low levels of education. Randomized clinical trials are needed that investigate whether interventions targeting these risk factors can reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia in elderly adults, but such trials are methodologically challenging. Read More

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2018 Oct 5. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

UCL Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is the most prevalent sensory deficit in the elderly. This progressive hearing impairment leads to social isolation and is also associated with comorbidities, such as frailty, falls, and late-onset depression. Moreover, there is a growing evidence linking it with cognitive decline and increased risk of dementia. Read More

Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2019 Jan 27;34(1):38-46. Epub 2018 Sep 27.

Division of Psychiatry, University College London, UK.

Objectives: Depressive disorder is commonly associated with impaired cognitive function; however, it is unclear whether the age of onset of the first episode of depression, current depression severity, or historical severity of depressive episodes are associated with cognitive performance.

Methods: This study examined baseline cross-sectional data from the ongoing online PROTECT study. A total of 7344 participants, 50 years or older, with a history of depression and no diagnosis of dementia were divided into three groups according to age of onset of their first depressive episode: early-onset, midlife-onset, and late-onset. Read More

J Neurosci 2018 Nov 24;38(45):9700-9711. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, and the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029

The G2019S mutation in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 () is a prevalent cause of late-onset Parkinson's disease, producing psychiatric and motor symptoms, including depression, that are indistinguishable from sporadic cases. Here we tested how this mutation impacts depression-related behaviors and associated synaptic responses and plasticity in mice expressing a -G2019S knock-in mutation. Young adult male G2019S knock-in and wild-type mice were subjected to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), a validated depression model, and other tests of anhedonia, anxiety, and motor learning. Read More

J Psychiatry Neurosci 2018 Sep 18;43(6). Epub 2018 Sep 18.

Background: There is evidence of structural brain alterations in major depressive disorder (MDD), but little is known about how these alterations might be affected by age at onset or genetic vulnerability. This study examines whether lifetime episodes of MDD are associated with specific alterations in grey-matter volume, and whether those alterations vary according to sex or serotonin transporter-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) genotype (LL, SL or SS).

Methods: We used structural MRI to acquire anatomic scans from 610 community-dwelling participants. Read More

Curr Pain Headache Rep 2018 Sep 17;22(11):77. Epub 2018 Sep 17.

Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC 9322, Dallas, TX, 75390-9322, USA.

Purpose Of Review: This review evaluates and explains our current understanding of a rare subtype of migraine, typical aura without headache, also known as migraine aura without headache or acephalgic migraine.

Recent Findings: Typical aura without headache is a known entity within the spectrum of migraine. Its pathophysiology is suggested to be similar to classic migraines, with cortical spreading depression leading to aura formation but without an associated headache. Read More

Compr Psychiatry 2018 Nov 25;87:46-52. Epub 2018 Aug 25.

Department of Psychology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America.

Background: Pathological Skin Picking (PSP) may begin at any age, but the most common age of onset is during adolescence. Age of onset is a potentially useful clinical marker to delineate subtypes of psychiatric disorders. The present study sought to examine empirically defined age of onset groups in adults with PSP and assess whether groups differed on clinical characteristics. Read More

Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019 Jan 24;99:20-27. Epub 2018 Aug 24.

Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, GGZ inGeest / Department of Psychiatry and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Objective: Different biological mechanisms may underlie depression beginning in early life (early-onset) and depression beginning later in life (late-onset). Although the relation between inflammation and depression has been studied extensively, the distinct role of inflammation in early and late-onset depression in older patients has not been addressed before. In the cross-sectional part of this study, we explored differences in levels of circulating inflammatory markers and cytokine levels in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated whole blood between older subjects with a late-life onset depression (≥60 years) and older subjects with an early-onset depression (<60 years). Read More

Front Neurosci 2018 10;12:545. Epub 2018 Aug 10.

Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.

The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) transporter (5-HTT) gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) is thought to alter 5-HT signaling and contribute to behavioral and cognitive phenotypes in depression as well as Alzheimer disease (AD). We explored how well the short () and long () alleles of the 5-HTTLPR align with serotoninergic indices in 60 autopsied cortical samples from early-onset AD/EOAD and late-onset AD/LOAD donors, and age- and sex-matched controls. Stratifying data by either diagnosis-by-genotype or by sex-by-genotype revealed that the donor's 5-HTTLPR genotype, i. Read More

J Affect Disord 2018 12 9;241:269-274. Epub 2018 Aug 9.

Medical School (M577), University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Western Australian Centre for Health and Ageing, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) has been associated with greater health morbidity burden, but it is unclear if this association is affected by age at the time of diagnosis and how this might impact on the use of general hospital services.

Methods: Cross-sectional study investigating the prevalence of common medical morbidities among participants with early (EOBD) and late onset diagnosis of BD (LOBD - age at diagnosis ≥ 60 years) derived from a community-representative sample of 37,183 men aged 65-85 years. Cohort study over a follow up period of up to 17. Read More

Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2018 Dec 14;57:72-76. Epub 2018 Aug 14.

Department of Neurobiology, Neurology, and Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China; Key Laboratories of Ministry of Education for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Parkinson Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, China. Electronic address:

Introduction: Glucocerebrosidase (GBA) mutations and leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) variants are the most common genetic risk factors for late-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we aimed to investigate the differences in pre-diagnostic symptoms of PD associated with the variants.

Methods: The participants were recruited from 24 centers across China and genotyped for LRRK2 G2385R and R1628P variants and GBA L444P mutation. Read More

Neurology 2018 Sep 10;91(10):e917-e930. Epub 2018 Aug 10.

From the Department of Neurology (K.R., I.D., C.H., C.D., J.B.S.), RWTH Aachen University; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (K.R., I.D., C.H., C.D., J.B.S.), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (P.G.), Ataxia Center, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Unit of Genetics of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases (C.M.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; ICM (Brain and Spine Institute) Sorbonne Universités (A.D.), UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, and INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225 and APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Genetic Department, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (S.B.), Medical University Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Neurology (T.K.), Friedrich Baur Institute, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (T.K.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.K.), Munich, Germany; Reference Unit of Hereditary Ataxias and Paraplegias (F.J.R.d.R.G.), Department of Neurology, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (L.S.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (I.G.), University Hospital of Bonn; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.G.), Bonn; Department of Neurology (K.B.), Philipps University of Marburg, Germany; and Laboratory of Experimental Neurology (M.P.), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

Objective: To provide a systematic evaluation of the broad clinical variability in Friedreich ataxia (FRDA), a multisystem disorder presenting mainly with afferent ataxia but also a complex phenotype of nonataxia symptoms.

Methods: From the large database of the European Friedreich's Ataxia Consortium for Translational Studies, 650 patients with genetically confirmed FRDA were included. Detailed data of medical history documentation, questionnaires, and reports on clinical features were analyzed to provide in-depth description of the clinical profile and frequency rates of phenotypical features with a focus on differences between typical-onset and late-onset FRDA. Read More

Avicenna J Med Biotechnol 2018 Jul-Sep;10(3):196-199

Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, BE 1410, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam.

Background: Disruption of the cholinergic neurotransmitter pathway which is important for cognition, memory and learning abilities has been reported in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients. The receptors involved include the Cholinergic Receptors Muscarinic (). gene has been associated with intelligence, personality traits, substance dependence and depression. Read More

Ind Psychiatry J 2017 Jul-Dec;26(2):178-182

Department of Psychiatry, Dr D Y Patil Medical College, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Background: Depressed patients are preoccupied with unhappy thoughts which reduce their capacity to focus on attention, memory, and other cognitive performance.

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess neuropsychological deficits in elderly depressive and compare it with matched normal controls.

Methods: After consideration of inclusion and exclusion criteria, the sample of 30 elderly depressive patients diagnosed on the basis of International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edition criteria and 30 normal controls were selected. Read More

Endocr J 2018 Oct 1;65(10):1039-1047. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between free testosterone (FT) level and parameters including laboratory data and data from questionnaires and to determine symptoms leading to the detection of late onset hypogonadism (LOH). We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients in whom serum FT was measured in our hospital. Aging Male Symptoms (AMS) score, self-rating depression scale (SDS) and frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (FSSG) score were used for questionnaires. Read More

Australas Psychiatry 2018 Jul 26:1039856218789785. Epub 2018 Jul 26.

Associate Professor, Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, and; Staff Specialist Psychiatrist, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.

Objectives: To provide a further example of the utility of the pattern-based model in formulation, and to introduce some further patterns.

Methods: A case study was carried out using the Pattern-based Formulation (PBF).

Results: Based on the case of a patient with a past history of trauma who developed late onset somatic symptoms, post-traumatic stress disorder and major depression, the PBF approach enabled development of a comprehensive formulation to explain the patient's current presentation. Read More

Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2018 08 12;32(4):580-584. Epub 2018 Mar 12.

School of Nursing, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA. Electronic address:

Muscle Nerve 2018 Dec 15;58(6):805-811. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Introduction: In this study we assessed social participation in 62 adults with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) types 1c-4.

Methods: The outcome measure used was the Utrecht Scale of Evaluation Rehabilitation-Participation (USER-P) with Frequency, Restrictions, and Satisfaction scores, and a hierarchical regression analysis.

Results: Early-onset (types 1, 2, and 3a) and late-onset (types 3b and 4) SMA patients reported similar frequency and satisfaction scores. Read More

Eur Urol Focus 2018 Jul 14. Epub 2018 Jul 14.

Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Context: Clinical guidelines recommend testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) for adult men with late-onset testosterone deficiency (TD), with the goal of improving symptoms and elevating testosterone levels into the normal reference range.

Objective: To investigate and critically analyze the current evidence regarding the impact of TRT on depression and depressive symptoms in adult men with late-onset TD compared with placebo.

Evidence Acquisition: A systematic search of EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases, and clinicaltrials. Read More

Arch Womens Ment Health 2019 Feb 3;22(1):55-63. Epub 2018 Jul 3.

Weill Cornell Medical College, 315 East 62nd Street, 5th Floor, New York, NY, 10065, USA.

It is well established that a subgroup of women are particularly vulnerable to affective dysregulation during times of hormonal fluctuation. One underrecognized reproductive transition may be late-onset postpartum depression (PPD) in the context of weaning from breastfeeding and the resumption of menstruation. The goal of this review is to propose a biologically plausible mechanism for affective dysregulation during these transitions. Read More

Geriatr Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil 2018 Jun;16(2):189-196

Service de psychiatrie adulte, CHU de Besançon, Besançon, France.

Late-life depression is a heterogeneous mood disorder frequently associated with many adverse conditions, including decreased cognitive function and an elevated risk for comorbid medical disorders, as well as with an elevated mortality rate. Late-life depression encompasses both late-onset as well as early-onset depression that occurs or continues into later years of life. Conventional treatment often required several trials of antidepressants before an effective regimen can be found for an individual. Read More