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Lasers Med Sci 2022 Apr 18. Epub 2022 Apr 18.

, Southampton, UK.

Chronic venous insufficiency has a high impact on the healthcare system due to its high incidence worldwide. We performed a study in 30 women with thigh and leg varices due to major saphenous vein valve incontinence with saphenous trunk reflux causing phlebo-lymphoedema to assess the efficacy of sclerofoam-assisted laser treatment combined with nutraceutical administration. The patients underwent endovascular combination sealing of the saphenous trunk with sclerofoam-assisted laser treatment technique into the major saphenous veins under low-volume tumescent anesthesia followed by intraoperative phlebectomies. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2022 Apr 27;35(4):e15322. Epub 2022 Jan 27.

Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Endovenous thermal and non-thermal therapeutic approaches have become standard of care for the treatment of venous insufficiency. However, comparative studies on its use in the population of venous leg ulcer patients are scarce. The present study aimed at a comparison of the efficacy of endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) and ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS) for the treatment of venous leg ulcers (VUs). Read More

Ann Vasc Surg 2022 May 18;82:7-12. Epub 2021 Dec 18.

Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Surgery, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA.

Background: Endovenous ablation techniques have replaced greater saphenous vein (GSV) ligation and stripping for treatment of venous insufficiency. Our objective was to investigate our initial procedural experience and clinical presentation of patients undergoing mechanochemical ablation (MOCA) at a single institution. We hypothesized that closure level and success rate improved over time and were comparable to other endovenous ablation techniques. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2022 02 13;35(2):e15238. Epub 2021 Dec 13.

1st Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Chronic venous disorder (CVD) is highly prevalent vascular disorder affecting up to 45% of the general population, with clinical manifestations ranging from teleangiectasias to venous leg ulcers (VLUs). We examined the currently available data in order to provide an updated, comprehensive review on treatment options of CVD. We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials, and OpenGrey databases for relevant articles in English published until November 2020. Read More

J Lasers Med Sci 2021 19;12:e50. Epub 2021 Sep 19.

Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Currently, lasers are used to treat many diseases and their complications. However, the use of lasers in pregnant patients is still controversial. In this review, the application of lasers in the fields of urology, surgery, obstetrics, dermatology, and musculoskeletal disorders is evaluated. Read More

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2022 03 25;10(2):504-513.e7. Epub 2021 Aug 25.

Academic Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; Imperial Vascular Unit, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK. Electronic address:

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of technologies for treatment of varicose veins over 5 years-conservative care, surgery (high ligation and stripping), ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS), endovenous laser ablation (EVLA), and radiofrequency ablation (RFA), mechanochemical ablation (MOCA), and cyanoacrylate glue occlusion (CAE).

Methods: A systematic review was updated and used to construct a Markov decision model. Outcomes were reintervention on the truncal vein, retreatment of residual varicosities and quality-adjusted life years (QALY) and costs over 5 years. Read More

Lasers Surg Med 2022 01 7;54(1):82-88. Epub 2021 Jul 7.

Candela Inc., Wayland, Massachusetts, USA.

Background And Objectives: Treatment of vascular lesions is one of the main applications of cutaneous laser technology, while the other is laser hair removal. We present here a vascular laser pumped by a commercial hair removal laser.

Study Design/materials And Methods: A novel 524 nm vascular laser was designed using a 755 nm hair removal laser as a pumping source. Read More

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2021 11 3;9(6):1517-1525. Epub 2021 May 3.

Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Vascular Centre of Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:

Objective: We evaluated the clinical outcomes of superficial and perforator ablation and the effects on wound healing by adding iliac vein stenting of nonthrombotic iliac vein lesions (NIVLs) in patients presenting with active venous ulcers.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of patients who had presented with venous ulcers and had a diagnosis of NIVLs from January 2017 to December 2019. Patients with a >50% diameter reduction in the iliac vein as determined by computed tomography venography had undergone transfemoral venography for further confirmation. Read More

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2021 07 26;9(4):1071-1076.e1. Epub 2021 Feb 26.

Promedica, Jobst Vascular Institute, Toledo, Ohio. Electronic address:

Objective: Nonhealing leg ulcers are frequently associated with the saphenous vein reflux. Despite the success of endovascular ablations, there are patients who either fail to heal or develop recurrent ulcers. This systematic review aims to summarize the available evidence on how to treat these patients after successful elimination of superficial reflux. Read More

J Clin Med 2021 Feb 7;10(4). Epub 2021 Feb 7.

Clinic of Phlebology, 02-034 Warsaw, Poland.

Background: The current treatment of venous disease is focused on the minimally invasive exclusion of the affected vein. Besides widely used thermal ablation, chemical ablation with cyanoacrylate, reported as safe and highly effective, has been gaining increasing interest.

Patients And Methods: In the current report, we present data from a two-year observation in 89 patients (61 female/28 male, mean age 44. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 Jan 26;78:265-269. Epub 2020 Dec 26.

Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital Dermatology and Venereology Department, İstanbul, Turkey.

Background: Venous lakes of the lip is vascular ectasia that generally appears on the lower lip and other sun-damaged surfaces of skin in elderly patient. There are many local therapies for treatment of lip venous lake such as surgical excision, cryotherapy, infrared coagulation and laser therapy. Sclerotherapy as treatment is used in varicose veins, leg telangiectasia, hemorrhoids and hemangiomas but for lip venous lake only two case has been reported. Read More

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2021 09 16;9(5):1209-1214. Epub 2020 Dec 16.

Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Starcare Hospital, Calicut, India. Electronic address:

Objective: The common side effects of endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) are pain and discomfort in the treated leg. We compared the pain and outcomes after EVLA using a 1470-nm laser with bare tip or radial fibers in the treatment of incompetent great saphenous veins (GSVs).

Methods: A total of 86 patients with primary varicose veins of the GSV were randomized to treatment using a 1470-nm laser and bare fiber (BF; n = 43) or radial fiber (RF; n = 43) during a 12-month period from January to December 2019. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2021 01 7;34(1):e14573. Epub 2020 Dec 7.

Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.

Treatment of skin unaesthetic vascular lesions is still suboptimal. In this article, we present a multicenter study evaluating the efficacy and safety of the sequential 755 nm Alexandrite and 1064 nm ND:YAG lasers for the treatment of acquired and congenital vascular lesions of the skin. A total of 171 patients were included in the study (141 female and 30 male), median age 38, skin type from I to IV. Read More

Lasers Med Sci 2021 Jun 3;36(4):829-835. Epub 2020 Aug 3.

Department of Dermatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh city, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Long-pulsed 1064-nm (LP1064) and 755-nm (LP755) lasers have been demonstrated as effective treatments for leg veins. However, few studies of these treatments on Asian skin type as well as direct comparison between two methods were reported. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of LP1064 with LP755 in the treatment of C1 leg veins on skin type IV patients. Read More

Ann Vasc Surg 2021 Jan 27;70:109-115. Epub 2020 Jun 27.

Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.

Background: Venous leg ulceration (VLU) represents the most advanced form of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Persistent VLU that fails to respond to noninvasive treatment requires a minimally invasive endovascular treatment, which may include chemical (ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy [UGFS]) and thermal ablation (endovenous laser therapy [EVLT] or radiofrequency ablation [RFA]) targeting incompetent veins. Current guidelines suggest ablation of incompetent perforating veins (IPVs) juxtaposed to active or healed VLU; however, the ideal treatment modality is unknown. Read More

J Med Vasc 2020 May 15;45(3):130-146. Epub 2020 Apr 15.

Unité de Médecine Vasculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France.

Venous insufficiency is a very common disease affecting about 25% of the French population (if we combine all stages of its progression). It is a complex disease and its aetiology has not yet been fully elucidated. Some of its causes are well known, such as valvular dysfunction, vein wall defect, and the suctioning effect common to all varicose veins. Read More

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2020 07 21;8(4):601-609. Epub 2020 Feb 21.

Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Ind.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of three treatment modalities, superficial truncal vein ablation, perforator vein ablation, and deep venous stenting on venous leg ulcer (VLU) healing, as well as their cumulative effect on ulcer healing, in an attempt to establish the best algorithm for the treatment of chronic and recalcitrant VLUs.

Methods: Multicenter retrospective cohort study using a standardized database to evaluate patients with chronic venous ulcers treated between January 2013 and December 2017.

Results: Eight-hundred thirty-two consecutive patients with VLU were identified at 11 centers in the United States. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Feb;99(8):e19317

The Department of Vascular and Hernial Surgery, The Ganzhou People's Hospital (The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University), Ganzhou, PR China.

Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) and ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS) have largely replaced traditional surgery for treatment of varicose veins (VVs) with active venous leg ulcers (VLUs), and multiple combined modes have emerged. A retrospective cohort study was performed to compare the effect of traditional surgery (high ligation and stripping followed with compression [compression plus HL-S]) to high ligation-endovenous laser ablation-foam sclerotherapy followed with compression (compression plus HL-EVLA-FS) on the treatment of active VLUs.Data of active VLUs treated in our center from 2008 to 2017 and followed up for 1 year were analyzed. Read More

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2020 07 25;8(4):610-616. Epub 2020 Jan 25.

Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY. Electronic address:

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, durability, and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) of the great saphenous vein (GSV) and small saphenous vein (SSV) to treat symptomatic venous reflux in patients receiving therapeutic anticoagulation.

Methods: Patients treated at a single institution with RFA or EVLA while receiving warfarin (Coumadin) anticoagulation were identified retrospectively along with a consecutive sample of patients not receiving anticoagulation who were similarly treated. Patients' demographics, comorbidities, procedural details, and follow-up data were obtained from electronic medical records. Read More

Cureus 2020 Jan 13;12(1):e6643. Epub 2020 Jan 13.

Vascular Surgery, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (ksau-Hs), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, SAU.

Background: Venous reflux most frequently occurs in the great saphenous vein (GSV), which is the most commonly diseased vein and is associated with venous insufficiency and varicose veins.

Objective: We aimed, in this study, to determine risk factors for saphenous vein insufficiency in female patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. Read More

Ann Vasc Dis 2019 Dec;12(4):514-518

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.

: Saphenous varicose veins can be accomplished by various operative techniques that result in stripping, ablation, or ligation of the venous reflux section. Great saphenous vein (GSV) stripping is one of the standard operations for varicose veins to eliminate reflux of the sapheno-femoral junction. The goal of any treatment regimen is to eliminate the junctional varicose reflux to control congestive dysfunction. Read More

Angiol Sosud Khir 2019 ;25(4):108-115

Department of Vascular and Microsurgery, Regional Clinical Hospital, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.

Aim: The purpose of the study was to compare the results of using compression knitwear and elastic bandaging in the postoperative period after endovasal laser coagulation in patients with varicose veins.

Patients And Methods: A total of forty 20-to-55-year-old women with a body mass index of ≤ 35 kg/m2 and CEAP class C2-C3 lower limb varicose veins were randomized into two numerically equal groups. The Study Group included those receiving postoperative compression on the operated leg with the help an elastic stocking, whereas in the Comparison Group compression was achieved by laying an elastic bandage. Read More

PLoS One 2019 11;14(12):e0225950. Epub 2019 Dec 11.

Lehigh University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.

Background: There is a large group of patients with ischemia of lower limbs not suitable for surgical reconstruction of arteries treated with the help of external assist by intermittent pneumatic compression devices (IPC). Until recently the generally accepted notion was that by compressing tissues below the knee, veins become emptied, venous pressure drops to zero and the increased arterial-venous pressure gradient enables greater arterial flow. We used a pump that, in contradiction to the "empty veins" devices, limited the limb venous outflow by venous obstructions and in a long period therapy expanded the perfusion vessels and brought about persistent reactive hyperemia. Read More

J Drugs Dermatol 2019 Nov;18(11):1180-1182

Background: Significant advances have been made in using lasers and intense pulse light sources to treat common vascular lesions such as telangiectasias. However, the treatment of leg telangiectasia, specifically, is more challenging because it involves the clearing of smaller veins as well as the larger feeding veins. The latest guidelines recommend use of short wavelength pulse-dyed lasers (PDL) as an option to treat telangiectasia cases that are unresponsive to sclerotherapy. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2020 Jul 15;19(7):1656-1661. Epub 2019 Nov 15.

Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Background: Long-pulsed Nd:YAG lasers have been used for the treatment of cutaneous vascular lesions on face and leg veins.

Objective: To report our experience with long-pulsed Nd:YAG lasers for the treatment cutaneous vessels on the face and legs.

Materials And Methods: A total of 145 patients with cutaneous vessels on the face and the legs were included in this study. Read More

Int J Low Extrem Wounds 2020 Mar 9;19(1):63-69. Epub 2019 Sep 9.

Elmatareyah Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.

High recurrence and high costs of treatment are the main problems with venous ulcer management. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to target the exact pathological cause. The role of cutaneous microvalves reflux in the pathogenesis of these ulcers has been confirmed. Read More

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2019 09 4;7(5):693-698. Epub 2019 Jul 4.

Surgical Department, Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of gravity, reservoir size, and competence of the ostial valve on venous reflux in different body positions.

Methods: Our study included 61 lower limbs with primary incompetence of the great saphenous vein (GSV). The diameter of the GSV and its cross-sectional area, time-averaged mean velocity (TAMEAN), and reflux time (RT) were measured with duplex ultrasound with pulsed wave Doppler. Read More

Am Fam Physician 2019 06;99(11):682-688

University of Washington Family Medicine Residency, Seattle, WA, USA.

Varicose veins are twisted, dilated veins most commonly located on the lower extremities. The exact pathophysiology is debated, but it involves a genetic predisposition, incompetent valves, weakened vascular walls, and increased intravenous pressure. Risk factors include family history of venous disease; female sex; older age; chronically increased intra-abdominal pressure due to obesity, pregnancy, chronic constipation, or a tumor; and prolonged standing. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2019 Jun;18(3):773-777

Tennessee Clinical Research Center, Nashville, Tennessee.

Introduction: Visible leg veins are a common cosmetic concern treated mostly by 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser that has become the chosen laser therapy for treating all leg veins up to 3 mm in size. The objective of the current prospective study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new 1064 nm diode laser for leg veins and spider veins on the lower extremities.

Methods: A total of 15 female subjects seeking leg veins and spider veins treatment were recruited to this study. Read More