Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

J Med Case Rep 2019 Feb 15;13(1):35. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Neurology, Sri Aurobindo Medical College & P.G. Institute, 4th Floor, Sanwer Road, Indore, MP, 453555, India.

Background: In the list of named numerical neuro-ophthalmological syndromes, such as one-and-a-half syndrome and others, we report for the first time twenty-and-a-half syndrome, which is characterized by one-and-a-half syndrome with bilateral seventh and right fifth nerve palsy (1.5 + 7 + 7 + 5 = 20.5) in a patient with ischemic stroke. Read More

Blood Press Monit 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Cardiovascular Sciences.

Background: Blood pressure variability (BPV) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) may be of prognostic significance. However, methodological heterogeneity of studies may contribute to inconsistent findings, and study findings are therefore not readily comparable. We investigated study methodologies which have assessed the long-term outcomes (≥7 days) of BPV post-AIS. Read More

Stroke 2019 Feb 12:STROKEAHA118023781. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

From the Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan (J.T., K.M., S.O., K.T., T.S., M.S., H.M.).

Background and Purpose- Carotid artery stenosis is common in the elderly and contributes to cognitive impairment and dementia. Cortical cerebral microinfarcts (CMIs) play an important role in vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. We aimed to investigate the association between CMIs on 3T magnetic resonance imaging and clinical and radiological features, including plaque morphology, and cognitive function in patients with carotid stenosis. Read More

J Neurol 2019 Feb 9. Epub 2019 Feb 9.

Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.

Background And Aims: Previously, microvascular cerebral blood flow (CBF) response to a mild head-of-bed (HOB) elevation has been shown to be altered in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) by diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS). We have hypothesized that early CBF response is related to the functional outcome.

Methods: Patients with a non-lacunar AIS in the anterior circulation were monitored by DCS to measure relative CBF (ΔrCBF) on the frontal lobes bilaterally during a 0°-30° HOB elevation at early (≤ 12) or late (> 12) hours from symptom onset. Read More

J Neurol Sci 2019 Jan 22;398:135-137. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is known to be associated with an increased vascular event, but the stroke patterns and prognosis have not been studied.

Methods: Between January 2013 and December 2017, acute ischemic stroke patients with ET who were admitted to two tertiary hospital stroke centers in Seoul, Korea were included. We retrospectively reviewed their clinical, laboratory and imaging data. Read More

J Am Heart Assoc 2019 Feb;8(3):e010091

1 Kidney Health Research Collaborative University of California, San Francisco San Francisco CA.

Background We aimed to determine whether cerebral white matter hyperintensities ( WMHs ) can distinguish stroke survivors susceptible to rapid kidney function decline from intensive blood pressure ( BP ) lowering. Methods and Results The SPS3 (Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes) trial randomized participants with recent lacunar stroke to systolic BP targets of 130 to 149 and <130 mm Hg. We included 2454 participants with WMH measured by clinical magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and serum creatinine measured during follow-up. Read More

Physiother Theory Pract 2019 Jan 27:1-10. Epub 2019 Jan 27.

b Physical Therapy, Mayo Clinic , College of Medicine and Science , Rochester , MN , USA.

Background And Purpose: Although the principles of neural plasticity for stroke rehabilitation are well established, specific intervention plans for patients with ataxia following a lacunar infarct are not well described. The purpose of this case report is to describe the intervention program for a patient with ataxic hemiparesis based on principles of motor learning and neural plasticity.

Case Description: An 83-year-old, socially active male presented to the emergency department with right-sided upper extremity weakness and ataxia. Read More

Brain Sci 2019 Jan 23;9(2). Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Stroke Prevention & Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, 1400 Western Road, London, ON N6G 2V4, Canada.

The term "lacunar infarction" referred to small infarctions in the basal ganglia, internal capsule, thalamus, and brainstem, due to hypertensive small vessel disease. However, it has become common to refer to all small infarctions as "vascular centrencephalon", where short straight arteries with few branches transmit high blood pressure straight through to end-arterioles. The cortex is supplied by long arteries with many branches, so there is a very large blood pressure gradient in the brain. Read More

J Neurol 2019 Jan 23. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

The imaging definition of lacunar infarcts is variable, particularly regarding their size and the presence of cavitation. We investigated the changes of diameter and evolution pattern of acute lacunar infarcts, and the factors associated with the evolution pattern. Patients with acute single subcortical hemispheric or brainstem ischemic lesions of penetrating arterial territories were included. Read More

Circulation 2019 Jan 22. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Medicine, McMaster University, Canada.

Background: Strokes were significantly reduced by the combination of rivaroxaban plus aspirin compared with aspirin in the COMPASS Trial. We present detailed analyses of stroke by type, predictors, and antithrombotic effects in key subgroups.

Methods: Participants had stable coronary artery or peripheral artery disease and were randomly assigned to receive aspirin 100 mg once daily (n=9126), rivaroxaban 5 mg twice daily (n=9117) or rivaroxaban 2. Read More

Headache 2019 Jan 22. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Neuropsychiatry, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.

Introduction: Although headaches attributed to ischemic strokes and transient ischemic attack occur frequently, they are often overlooked and underdiagnosed as manifestations of cerebrovascular disease.

Method: This is a narrative review.

Results: The prevalence of headache attributed to ischemic stroke varies between 7. Read More

Neurol Sci 2019 Jan 19. Epub 2019 Jan 19.

Stroke Unit - Medical Department of Continuity of Care and Disability, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy.

Objectives: To produce a scoring system for predicting the development of edema in ischemic stroke patients without edema on admission.

Methods: This retrospective study included 572 ischemic stroke patients (73.3 ± 13. Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019 Jan 14. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado. Electronic address:

Objective: Cryptococcal meningitis carries a high mortality, and survivors are left with considerable neurologic sequelae and marked disability. We lack a clear understanding of the pathogenesis of neurologic sequelae and description of stroke features in this population. We aim to describe clinical and radiographic features and predictors of stroke in a cohort of patients with cryptococcal meningitis. Read More

Stroke 2019 Feb;50(2):283-290

From the Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (A.M.D., R.Y.Y.T., J.T., M.T., H.S.M.).

Background and Purpose- Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most common monogenic form of stroke usually presenting with migraine with aura, lacunar infarcts, and cognitive impairment. Acute encephalopathy is a less recognized presentation of the disease. Methods- Data collected prospectively from 340 consecutively recruited symptomatic patients with diagnosis of CADASIL seen in a British National CADASIL clinic was retrospectively reviewed and original clinical records and imaging obtained. Read More

BMC Neurol 2019 Jan 8;19(1). Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Background: Single acute infarction (SAI) usually had lower risk of stroke recurrence than multiple acute infarctions (MAIs) in minor stroke. To evaluate whether all SAI had lower risk of stroke recurrence than MAIs in minor stroke.

Methods: We derived data from the imaging subgroup of the Clopidogrel in High-risk Patients with Acute Nondisabling Cerebrovascular Events (CHANCE) trial. Read More

Front Neurol 2018 11;9:1072. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Inserm, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France.

Stroke is the first cause of disability in adults in western countries. Infarct of the internal capsule (IC) may be related to motor impairment and poor prognosis in stroke patients. Functional deficits due to medium-sized infarcts are difficult to predict, except if the specific site of the lesion is taken into account. Read More

Hypertension 2019 Feb;73(2):342-349

From the Neurovascular Research Lab, Vall Hebron Research Institute (J.J.-B., I.R.-L., O.A., E.G., A.P., E.O., O.M., J.M., M.N., O.V., J.P., P.D.).

Hypertension is one of the principal risk factors for cerebral small vessel disease progression and cognitive impairment. We aimed to investigate how changes in cerebral small vessel disease lesions relate to cognitive decline and incident mild cognitive impairment in hypertensive patients. Data were obtained from the ISSYS cohort (Investigating Silent Strokes in Hypertensives: a Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study)-a longitudinal population-based study on hypertensive patients aged 50 to 70 years without dementia and stroke at baseline. Read More

Clin Interv Aging 2018 7;13:2487-2494. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China,

Background And Purpose: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) is identified as a marker of cerebral small vessel diseases and is a major contributor to cognitive impairment, depression, gait disturbance, and urinary incontinence. However, the risk factors for WMH in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been well explored. Thus, in this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of WMH and vascular risk factors in lacunar infarction patients with T2DM. Read More

Stroke 2018 Dec 11:STROKEAHA118022516. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands (C.J.M.K., G.J.B.).

Background and Purpose- Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a major cause of stroke and dementia, but underlying disease mechanisms are still largely unknown, partly because of the difficulty in assessing small vessel function in vivo. We developed a method to measure blood flow velocity pulsatility in perforating arteries in the basal ganglia and semioval center. We aimed to determine whether this novel method could detect functional abnormalities at the level of the small vessels in patients with stroke attributable to SVD. Read More

Stroke 2018 Nov 21:STROKEAHA118023573. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (A.A.).

Background and Purpose- We investigated the frequency and pattern of blood-brain barrier, as well as blood-retina barrier, impairment in acute lacunar infarction as demonstrated by hyperintense acute reperfusion marker and gadolinium leakage in ocular structures (GLOS), respectively, on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images. Methods- Acute lacunar infarction patients who underwent repeated magnetic resonance imaging after intravenous contrast agent administration were identified and the presence of GLOS in the anterior chamber and vitreous body and hyperintense acute reperfusion marker noted on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery. Results- Overall, 24 acute lacunar infarction patients (median age 64. Read More

J Am Heart Assoc 2018 Nov;7(22):e010653

1 Korean Brain MRI Data Center Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital Goyang Korea.

Background White matter hyperintensities ( WMHs ) are commonly asymmetric between hemispheres but for unknown reasons. We investigated asymmetric WMHs associated with lacunar infarcts. Methods and Results A total of 267 consecutive patients with small first-ever supratentorial infarcts (≤20 mm) were included. Read More

Stroke 2018 Dec;49(12):3057-3059

From the Neurology Service (E.E., P.M.), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Switzerland.

Background and Purpose- We aimed to characterize acute ischemic stroke patients who have an immeasurable deficit on the admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and to evaluate their long-term outcome. Methods- We retrospectively compared all acute ischemic stroke patients with an admission NIHSS of 0 in the Acute Stroke Registry and Analysis of Lausanne from 2003 to 2013 with all other acute ischemic stroke patients. We compared demographics, clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings. Read More

Immunol Rev 2019 Jan;287(1):62-72

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory for Childhood Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Human adenosine deaminase 1 deficiency was described in the 1970s to cause severe combined immunodeficiency. The residual adenosine deaminase activity in these patients was attributed to adenosine deaminase 2. Human adenosine deaminase type 2 deficiency (DADA2), due to biallelic deleterious mutations in the ADA2 gene, is the first described monogenic type of small- and medium-size vessel vasculitis. Read More

J Epidemiol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center.

Background: The association of body mass index (BMI) with risks of ischemic stroke subtypes have not been established.

Methods: Cumulative average BMI was calculated using self-reported body weight and height obtained from baseline (Cohort I in 1990, and Cohort II from 1993-1994) and 5- and 10-year questionnaire surveys of Japan Public Health Center-based prospective (JPHC) study. A total of 42,343 men and 46,413 women aged 40-69 years were followed-up for the incidence of lacunar, large-artery occlusive, and cardioembolic strokes. Read More

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

Objective: Many studies examining stroke outcomes focus on more severe strokes or have short follow-up periods, so the long-term outcomes post-minor ischaemic stroke are unclear.

Methods: We recruited participants from inpatient and outpatient services with a lacunar or minor cortical ischaemic stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score <8) and assessed current and premorbid cognitive functioning (Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), National Adult Reading Test (NART)), physical functioning (Timed Get Up and Go (TUG), 9-Hole Peg Test (9HPT)), dependency (modified Rankin Scale (mRS)), depression (Beck's Depression Inventory) in-person and remotely (Stroke Impact Scale).

Results: We followed up 224/264 participants at 3 years (mean age at index stroke=67, 126 (56%) men, 25 non-contactable, 15 declined): 66/151 (44%) had cognitive impairment, mean ACE-R 88 (SD 9, range 54-100/100), 61/156 (39%) had depression and 26/223 (12%) were dependent (mRS=3-5). Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019 Mar 28;28(3):710-718. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Stroke Center/Neurology Service of the Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland.

Background: There are limited data comparing posterior (PC) and anterior (AC) circulation acute ischemic strokes (AIS). We aimed to identify specific features of PC and AC strokes regarding clinical, etiological, radiological, and outcome factors.

Methods: Patients from the Acute STroke Registry and Analysis of Lausanne, a prospective cohort of consecutive AIS, from years 2003 to 2008 were included. Read More

Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2018 Sep-Oct;33(5):462-468

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul Medeniyet University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the outcomes of patients developing ischemic stroke after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Methods: From March 2012 to January 2017, 5380 consecutive patients undergoing elective coronary surgery were analyzed. Ninety-five patients who developed ischemic strokes after on-pump coronary surgery were included in the study, retrospectively. Read More

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018 ;118(9. Vyp. 2):14-21

Research Institute of Cerebrovascular Pathology and Stroke, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Aim: To study an influence of polymorphic variants of hemostasis system genes on the risk of ischemic stroke (IS) in patients of the Slavic population under the age of 50 years.

Material And Methods: Ninety-two patients (19 women and 73 men), aged 18-50 years, were examined. The diagnosis of stroke was confirmed by neuroimaging (CT or MRI) in all patients. Read More

BMC Vet Res 2018 Nov 27;14(1):370. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Departament of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil.

Background: β-amyloid (Aβ) can accumulate in the brain of aged dogs, and within vessels walls, the disease is called cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). In humans, Alzheimer's disease and CAA are strongly correlated with cerebrovascular disease. However, in dogs, this association has not been extensively studied yet. Read More

Neurol Res 2019 Feb 26;41(2):151-155. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

a Department of Neurology , ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , Liaoning , P.R. China.

Background: Previous studies have shown the potential interactions between cerebrovascular diseases and microalbuminuria. However, the relationship between urine microalbumin and acute lacunar infarction caused by cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) remains unknown.

Methods: The clinical data of 148 patients with acute lacunar infarction admitted to the Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between April 2016 and April 2017 were analyzed. Read More

Sleep Med 2019 Jan 26;53:81-87. Epub 2018 Jun 26.

Department of Neurology, Methodist Neurological Institute, Prof. Neurology Weill Cornell Medical School, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Recent studies have suggested that cerebral ischemic infarction may contribute to the development of restless legs syndrome (RLS). This study analyzed the clinical and radiological profiles of RLS with onset after acute lacunar infarction.

Methods: In this retrospective study we enrolled 244 consecutive patients with acute lacunar infarction between January 2012 and June 2014. Read More

eNeurologicalSci 2018 Dec 30;13:14-17. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Section on Stroke Diagnostics and Therapeutics, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.

Lacunar strokes account for about a fourth of all ischemic strokes. Pontine infarcts often present with stuttering symptoms, referred to as pontine warning syndrome (PWS). Patients presenting with fluctuating symptoms can appear to have rapidly improving symptoms and thus often go untreated despite the risk of recurrent deficits. Read More

J Neuroradiol 2018 Nov 12. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari, Polo di Monserrato. ss. 554 Monserrato (Cagliari) 09045, Italy.

Purpose: To explore the association between presence of inflammatory cells in the carotid plaques surgically treated and brain MRI findings.

Material And Methods: Forty consecutive patients were prospectively analyzed. Brain MRI was performed with a 1. Read More

Clin Interv Aging 2018 24;13:2127-2134. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei, People's Republic of China,

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients with silent lacunar infarct and preliminarily to determine the relationship among TEAS, blood-brain barrier (BBB), neuroinflammation, and POD.

Patients And Methods: Sixty-four-old patients with silent lacunar infarct were randomly divided into two groups: group TEAS and control group (group C). Patients in the group TEAS received TEAS (disperse-dense waves; frequency, 2/100 Hz) on acupoints Hegu and Neiguan of both sides starting from 30 minutes before induction of anesthesia until the end of surgery, and the intensity was the maximum current that could be tolerated. Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019 Feb 10;28(2):487-489. Epub 2018 Nov 10.

Neurology, Internal Medicine, Sakura Medical Center, Toho University, Sakura, Japan. Electronic address:

We report 3 cases (69-year-old man, 71-year-old man, and 82-year-old woman) of isolated cerebellar nodulus stroke patients, who presented with positional vertigo alone that lasted only for 2-4 days. Brain magnetic resonance imaging helped diagnosing these cases. Although rare, clinicians should be aware of isolated cerebellar nodulus stroke, when facing with patients with paroxysmal vertigo of acute onset. Read More

J Periodontol 2018 Nov 12. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Medical-Surgical Dentistry (OMEQUI) Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Background: Periodontitis has been associated with lacunar infarct (LI), a type of cerebral small vessel disease. The objective of this study was to ascertain whether periodontitis is associated with increased circulating levels of systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in patients with LI.

Methods: One hundred twenty patients with LI and 120 healthy controls underwent a full-mouth periodontal examination. Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019 Feb 6;28(2):435-440. Epub 2018 Nov 6.

University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia; Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia. Electronic address:

Introduction: Usefulness of intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute lacunar cerebral infarction is questionable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolysis in patients with lacunar infarction in comparison with patients with nonlacunar infarction as well as with patients with lacunar infarction who were not treated with intravenous thrombolysis.

Materials And Methods: In the first part of the study, among patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis, characteristics and outcomes of 46 patients with lacunar and 221 patients with nonlacunar infarction were compared. Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019 Feb 5;28(2):381-388. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Electronic address:

Background And Aims: In addition to overt stroke lesions, co-occurring covert lesions, including white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and covert lacunar infarcts (CLI), contribute to poststroke outcome. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between covert lesions, and motor and cognitive outcomes in individuals with chronic stroke.

Methods: Volumetric quantification of clinically overt strokes, covert lesions (periventricular and deep: pWMH, dWMH, pCLI, dCLI), ventricular and sulcal CSF (vCSF, sCSF), and normal appearing white (NAWM) and gray matter (NAGM) was performed using structural magnetic resonance imaging. Read More

Arq Bras Cardiol 2018 Sep;111(3):419-422

Ambulatório de Cardiomiopatias e Insuficiência Cardíaca - Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA - Brazil.

Heart failure predisposes to an increased risk of silent cerebral infarction, and data related to left ventricular ejection fraction are still limited. Our objective was to describe the clinical and echocardiographic characteristics and factors associated with silent cerebral infarction in patients with heart failure, according to the left ventricular ejection fraction groups. A prospective cohort was performed at a referral hospital in Cardiology between December 2015 and July 2017. Read More

Mov Disord Clin Pract 2017 Nov-Dec;4(6):819-823. Epub 2017 Sep 8.

Department of Neurology Centro Hospitalar do Porto Porto Portugal.

Background: Chorea may occur as a manifestation of an acute stroke. Patients with vascular-related chorea typically present with an acute or subacute onset of hemichorea, contralateral to the lesion.

Methods And Findings: In this clinico-pathological case, we report a 90-year-old female who presented, at age 81, with a transient episode of generalized chorea. Read More

J Clin Periodontol 2019 Jan 29;46(1):20-30. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Medical-Surgical Dentistry (OMEQUI) Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Aim: To investigate the association between periodontitis (PD) and lacunar infarct (LI) as well as to analyse whether PD could be a predictor of poor functional prognosis in patients with LI.

Material And Methods: Full-mouth periodontal examination was done in 120 cases (patients with LI) and 157 healthy controls. Demographic, clinical, medical and neurological information were collected from all of them. Read More

Comput Biol Med 2018 Dec 16;103:116-129. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

School of Electronics Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Odisha, India. Electronic address:

It is difficult to develop an accurate algorithm to detect the stroke lesions using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images due to variation in different lesion sizes, variation in morphological structure, and similarity in intensity of lesion with normal brain in three types of stroke, namely partial anterior circulation syndrome (PACS), lacunar syndrome (LACS) and total anterior circulation stroke (TACS). In this paper, we have integrated the advantages of Delaunay triangulation (DT) and fractional order Darwinian particle swarm optimization (FODPSO), called DT-FODPSO technique for automatic segmentation of the structure of the stroke lesion. The approach was validated on 192 MRI images obtained from different stroke subjects. Read More

Stroke 2018 Nov;49(11):2692-2698

Medical Informatics (W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Background and Purpose- Inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of large artery atherosclerosis, ischemic stroke, and Alzheimer dementia. However, the role of inflammation in cerebral small vessel disease and neurodegeneration remains poorly understood. We hypothesize that CRP (C-reactive protein) is associated with brain structural changes and may interact with amyloid to produce vascular and degenerative damage. Read More

Diabetes Care 2018 12 16;41(12):2535-2543. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.

Objective: Structural brain abnormalities are key risk factors for brain diseases, such as dementia, stroke, and depression, in type 2 diabetes. It is unknown whether structural brain abnormalities already occur in prediabetes. Therefore, we investigated whether both prediabetes and type 2 diabetes are associated with lacunar infarcts (LIs), white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), and brain atrophy. Read More

J Neurol 2018 Dec 11;265(12):2934-2943. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy.

Background: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most common familial cerebral small vessel disease, caused by NOTCH3 gene mutations. The aim of our study was to identify clinical and neuroradiological features which would be useful in identifying which patients presenting with lacunar stroke and TIA are likely to have CADASIL.

Methods: Patients with lacunar stroke or TIA were included in the present study. Read More

J Stroke 2018 Sep 30;20(3):302-320. Epub 2018 Sep 30.

Stroke Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint, Roseville, CA, USA.

Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) has a crucial role in lacunar stroke and brain hemorrhages and is a leading cause of cognitive decline and functional loss in elderly patients. Based on underlying pathophysiology, cSVD can be subdivided into amyloidal and non-amyloidal subtypes. Genetic factors of cSVD play a pivotal role in terms of unraveling molecular mechanism. Read More

Echocardiography 2018 11 10;35(11):1860-1867. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi School of Medicine, Jackson, Mississippi.

A patent foramen ovale (PFO) is implicated in several pathologic processes, including that of cryptogenic stroke (cCVA). Recent trials identify "high-risk" PFOs in patients with cCVA as likely to benefit from percutaneous closure. The younger the patient (<60 years old) the more likely a PFO may be attributable to the cCVA. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Sep;97(39):e12480

Department of Neurology, Chonbuk National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.

Rationale: Cerebral microbleeds are lesions that appear as round low signal intensity areas with a diameter of 2-5 mm on gradient echo T2-weighted sequence magnetic resonance imaging. Cerebral microblees are hemorrhages found in the brain parenchyma and they are caused by the extravasation of the blood. Although more patients with ischemic stroke are found to have cerebral microbleeds, only a few studies have evaluated other neurologic abnormalities outside of cognitive dysfunction due to cerebral microbleeds. Read More

Metab Brain Dis 2018 12 28;33(6):2039-2044. Epub 2018 Sep 28.

One Medical Center Drive, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.

Chronic cerebrovascular hypoperfusion results in vascular dementia and increases predisposition to lacunar infarcts. However, there are no suitable animal models. In this study, we developed a novel model for chronic irreversible cerebral hypoperfusion in mice. Read More