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Transpl Immunol 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Chronic-active antibody mediated rejection (c-aABMR) contributes significantly to late renal allograft failure. The antibodies directed against donor-derived antigens, e.g. Read More

Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Neijiang, 641000, PR China.

Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is activated by bacterial DNA and induces the production of inflammatory cytokines. In this study, the darkbarbel catfish Pelteobagrus vachellii TLR9 cDNA was cloned and sequenced. The daily expression pattern of TLR9 mRNA was investigated in various tissues. Read More

Pharmacol Res 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China. Electronic address:

Dihydrotanshinone (DHT), one of the major ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen), displays many bioactivities. However, the activity and underlying mechanism of DHT in anti-inflammation have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity and molecular mechanism of action of DHT both in vitro and in vivo. Read More

Urology 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Urology, Rush University Medical Center, Rush Professional Office Building, Suite 348, 1725 W Harrison St, Chicago IL 60612. Electronic address:

Objective: To describe the steps and technique of a robotic pyelolithotomy for complete removal of a left staghorn stone after a previous open pyelolithotomy.

Methods: The patient is placed in a left modified flank position with 4 laparoscopic ports placed: 12mm port for camera paramedian to the left of the midline, 8mm robotic port left lower quadrant at the level of the umbilicus, 8mm robotic port midclavicular line 2 finger breaths below the costal margin, 12mm Airseal assistant port paramedian infraumbilical. The white line of Toldt was incised and the colon was mobilized medially. Read More

Anaerobe 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Microhealth Group, Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain. Electronic address:

The toll-like receptors involved in recognition of the exopolysaccharide produced by two isogenic, ropy and non-ropy, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strains were investigated. Both strains interact with human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells via TLR2, whereas purified EPSs specifically stimulate TLR4 regardless their molar mass. Read More

Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Kidney and Hypertension Section, E P Joslin Research Laboratory, Joslin Diabetes Center; Clinical Endpoint Committee, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215. Electronic address:

Introduction: Accurate dosing of medications for glycemic control is a challenge for clinicians in diabetic patients with kidney disease. Diminishing glomerular filtration rates are associated with decreased renal clearance of insulin and increased prevalence of hypoglycemic episodes. Measurement of glucose /C peptide ratios may be useful to guide dosing in those patients who receive powerful insulin secretogogues as glomerular function decreases with age and disease. Read More

Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, NE2 4HH, UK. Electronic address:

One of the main feature of chronic kidney disease is the development of renal fibrosis. Heparan Sulfate (HS) is involved in disease development by modifying the function of growth factors and cytokines and creating chemokine gradients. In this context, we aimed to understand the function of HS sulfation in renal fibrosis. Read More

Chem Biol Interact 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Pharmacology, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India. Electronic address:

Paracetamol (N-acetyl-para amino phenol) is the most commonly used analgesic and antipyretic around the world. Its causes hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity at overdose or even at therapeutic doses. It is primarily metabolized by glucuronidation and sulfate conjugation. Read More

J Pharm Sci 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China. Electronic address:

Quality by design (QbD) principle has been established as a guideline to emphasize the understanding of the relationship of product quality with process control. Vaccine product have characteristics of security and high efficiency, but it also has features like complexity and rigorous regulatory for production. This case study describes an example of QbD driven process development for manufacturing a veterinary vaccine produced with baby hamster kidney-21 (BHK-21) cells. Read More

J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Health and Human Physiology, The University of Iowa.

Dysregulation of iron metabolism in the kidney may contribute to age-related increases in renal oxidative stress and dysfunction. This study assessed the effects of short-term iron chelation on markers of iron status, oxidative stress, inflammation, and autophagy in the kidneys of old rats. Old Fischer 344 rats (24 mo) were treated with deferoxamine (DFO; 200 mg/kg, twice daily for 4. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0213009. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0212931. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.

Avascular osteonecrosis (AVN) is a bone complication that indicates poor functional prognosis. Modern immunosuppressive and steroid-sparing drugs have significantly lowered the occurrence of AVN after kidney transplantation (KT). However, recent data on its incidence rates and risk factors are lacking. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0212808. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province; The Third Grade Laboratory under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Purpose: To explore the association between circulating mononuclear cell mitochondrial DNA copy number and the prognosis of sepsis patients based on the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3 definition).

Methods: A total of 200 adult patients who had recently devoloped sepsis were prospectively recruited as the study cohort. Demographic and clinical data were recorded along with a 28-day outcome. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0212818. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Nephrology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.

Background: Growth Arrest and DNA Damage 45γ (GADD45γ) is a member of the DNA damage-inducible gene family which responds to environmental stresses. Apoptosis is a critical mode of renal tubular cell death in nephrotoxin-induced acute kidney injury. In this study, we investigated the role of GADD45γ in renal tubular cell apoptosis induced by nephrotoxic drugs. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0212750. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Laboratório de Imunogenética e Histocompatibilidade, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.

The HLA-G and MICA genes are stimulated under inflammatory conditions and code for soluble (sMICA and sHLA-G) or membrane-bound molecules that exhibit immunomodulatory properties. It is still unclear whether they would have a synergistic or antagonistic effect on the immunomodulation of the inflammatory response, such as in chronic kidney disease (CKD), contributing to a better prognosis after the kidney transplantation. In this study, we went from genetic to plasma analysis, first evaluating the polymorphism of MICA, NKG2D and HLA-G in a cohort from Southern Brazil, subdivided in a control group of individuals (n = 75), patients with CKD (n = 94), and kidney-transplant (KT) patients (n = 64). Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0212590. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) contributes significant morbidity and mortality among Asians; hence interventions should focus on those most at-risk of progression. However, current end stage renal failure (ESRF) risk stratification tools are complex and not validated in multi-ethnic Asians. We hence aimed to develop an ESRF risk prediction model by taking into account ethnic differences within a fairly homogenous socioeconomic setting and using parameters readily accessible to primary care clinicians managing the vast majority of patients with CKD. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0212547. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.

Pancreatic autoantibodies (AAb) has been associated with a worse pancreas graft survival after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPK). However, due to the variable time for AAb to become positive and the lack of early biomarkers suggesting such autoimmune activation, the mechanisms leading ß-cell destruction remain uncertain. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between post-transplant AAb and the functional impairment of the pancreatic ß-cell and also the association of such AAb with inflammation after SPK. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0211437. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

The Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Objectives: Direct antiviral agents (DAA) has dramatically improved the therapy outcome of hepatitis C-virus (HCV) infection, both on the waiting-list and post liver transplantation (LT). DAA are generally well-tolerated in patients with mild to moderate liver and kidney failure, but some DAAs are contraindicated in patients with severe dysfunction of these organs. Today there are few studies of peri-LT DAA use and treatment is commonly discontinued at the time of LT. Read More

FASEB J 2019 Feb 22:fj201801865RR. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.

Previous studies have reported the pathogenic role of C-reactive protein (CRP) during diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in human CRP transgenic and Crp mice. However, because humans and mice have inverse acute phase expression patterns of CRP and serum amyloid P component, this could lead to the inaccurate evaluation of CRP function with the above-mentioned CRP transgenic mouse. But different from mice, rats have the same acute phase protein expression pattern as human, which might avoid this problem and be a better choice for CRP function studies. Read More

Aging Cell 2019 Feb 22:e12850. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

U995 - Lille Inflammation Research International Center, INSERM, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France.

Pro-aging effects of endogenous advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have been reported, and there is increasing interest in the pro-inflammatory and -fibrotic effects of their binding to RAGE (the main AGE receptor). The role of dietary AGEs in aging remains ill-defined, but the predominantly renal accumulation of dietary carboxymethyllysine (CML) suggests the kidneys may be particularly affected. We studied the impact of RAGE invalidation and a CML-enriched diet on renal aging. Read More

Am J Hypertens 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.

Background: Our objective of this study was to determine if rate of eGFR decline and its intensity was associated with cardiovascular risk and death in hypertensive patients whose baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was higher than 60 mL/min/1.73m2.

Methods: This study comprised 2,516 hypertensive patients who had had at least two serum creatinine measurements over a four-year period. Read More

Biomedicine (Taipei) 2019 Mar 22;9(1). Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Molecular Pathology Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a rare type of kidney neoplasm that is diagnosed in the 6th decade of life with similar incidence in male and female. We reported a case of 73-year-old man with a chief complaint of nocturia, frequency, dribbling and urinary retention with renal mass in ultrasound examination. Histologic examination and immunohistochemistry study revealed the diagnosis of chromophobe RCC which initially was mistaken for oncocytoma in frozen section diagnosis. Read More

J Hosp Med 2019 Feb 20;14:E1-E9. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice Lebanon, New Hampshire.

Seriously ill people near death face difficult decisions about life-sustaining treatments such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation and mechanical ventilation. Patient decision aids may improve alignment between patients' preferences and the care they receive, but the quantity, quality, and routine use of these tools are unknown. We conducted a systematic environmental scan to identify all decision aids for seriously ill people at high risk of death facing choices about life-sustaining treatments, assess their quality, and explore their use in clinical settings. Read More

J Hosp Med 2019 Feb 20;14:E1-E7. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in hospitalized patients and is associated with mortality, prolonged hospital length of stay, and increased healthcare costs. This paper reviews several areas of controversy in the identification and management of AKI. Serum creatinine and urine output are used to identify and stage AKI by severity. Read More

Acta Cardiol 2019 Feb 22:1-9. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

a Kidney Disease Center, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital , Nagoya , Japan.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and its prognosis in the patients after dialysis initiation.

Methods: A total of 1524 patients with chronic kidney disease who were initiated on dialysis were included. Dialysis was initiated between October 2011 and September 2013. Read More

J Community Health Nurs 2019 Jan-Mar;36(1):31-41

b UNC Greensboro School of Nursing , University of North Carolina Greensboro , Greensboro , NC , USA.

Heart failure (HF) patients have high rates of 30-day unplanned rehospitalization. This study assessed the impact of physiological factors on 30-day HF unplanned rehospitalization.

Methods: The cross-sectional study used secondary data from electronic medical records of 270 patients. Read More

Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Internal Medicine-CCOM, University of Iowa, United States.

Toll-like receptors (TLR) are key components of the innate immune system that elicit inflammatory responses through the adaptor proteins MyD88 (myeloid differentiation protein 88)- and TRIF (toll-interleukin receptor domain-containing adaptor protein-inducing interferon-β). Previously we demonstrated that TRIF mediates the signaling of angiotensin II (Ang II)- induced hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. Since TRIF is activated selectively by TLR3 and TLR4, our goals in this study were to determine the roles of TLR3 and TLR4 in mediating Ang II-induced hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy, and associated changes in proinflammatory gene expression in heart and kidney. Read More

J Endourol 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Konya Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi, 147027, Urology, Konya, Turkey ;

Purpose The aim of this study is to evaluate overnight ureteral catheterization vs nephrostomy tube for urinary diversion in patients undergoing PNL under spinal anesthesia. Materials and Methods Patients were enrolled using block randomization between February 2016 and July 2016. Patients with renal stones >2cm confirmed via non-contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) were included. Read More

J Endourol 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Hospital das Clínicas, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Division of Urology , barata ribeiro street,490 room25 , São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil , 01308001 ;

Objective: to evaluate if reducing the dose of fluoroscopy to ¼ of standard dose during unilateral ureteroscopy for ureteral stone treatment would impact in a reduction of total radiation emitted and if this strategy would impact in operation time, stone free rate and complication rate.

Methods: from August 2016 to August 2017, patients over 18 years old submitted to ureteroscopy for ureteral stone between 5-20 mm were prospectively randomized for ¼ dose reduction or standard dose fluoroscopy. Patients with abnormal urinary anatomy such as horseshoe kidney, pelvic kidney or duplex system were excluded from the study. Read More

J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME.

End stage kidney disease affects hundreds of thousands of patients in the United States. The therapy of choice is kidney replacement, but availability of organs is limited and alternative sources of tissue are needed. Generation of new kidney tissue in the laboratory has been made possible through pluripotent cell reprogramming and directed differentiation. Read More

J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY.

Background: Hepatectomy presents unique challenges potentially heightening acute kidney injury risk, but the full spectrum of risk factors have not been identified.

Methods: Data for hepatectomy patients in the 2016 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (N=3814) was randomly split into derivation (70%) and validation (30%) cohorts. AKI was defined as an increase in serum creatinine ≥0. Read More

Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2019 Feb 22:9922819832068. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

2 Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Identification and management of dyslipidemia in childhood can reduce future cardiovascular risk. We performed a retrospective cohort study of children ages 2 to 18 years during 2009 to 2013 to evaluate factors that affect screening and treatment of pediatric dyslipidemia related to 2011 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) guidelines. Logistic regression analysis determined the impact of NHLBI-identified factors on odds of being screened, elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and receiving pharmacotherapy. Read More

Bratisl Lek Listy 2019 ;120(2):113-118

Objective: We aimed to determine the possible protective effects of melatonin and agomelatine on an animal model of adriamycin nephrotoxicity by 99mTc DMSA renal scintigraphy and biochemical methods.

Methods: Ten weeks old 49 male Wistar rats were randomly separated into seven groups; namely control (CON), adriamycin (ADR), melatonin (MEL), agomelatine (AGO), melatonin + adriamycin (MEL+ADR), agomelatine + adriamycin (AGO+ADR) and melatonin + agomelatine + adriamycin (MEL+AGO+ADR) groups. Nephrotoxicity was induced by a three-dose of 18 mg/kg adriamycin, i. Read More

Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019 Feb 21:e607. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

The Hand Surgery Research Center, Department of Hand Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, P.R. China.

Background: Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most common subtype of renal tumor. However, the molecular mechanisms of KIRC pathogenesis remain little known. The purpose of our study was to identify potential key genes related to the occurrence and prognosis of KIRC, which could serve as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for KIRC. Read More

J Cell Mol Med 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Acidic microenvironment is commonly observed in ischaemic tissue. In the kidney, extracellular pH dropped from 7.4 to 6. Read More

Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2019 Feb 21. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, P. R. China.

High-dose cyclophosphamide (HD-CTX) treatment often leads to severe nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity, which are mainly caused by one of its metabolites, chloroacetaldehyde (CAA). However, there are no effective antidotes to prevent these side effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Wuzhi Capsule (WZC) on the pharmacokinetics of CTX and its metabolites in rats, and the attenuation of CAA induced kidney and brain injuries, which was produced at equimolar with 2-dechloroethylcyclophosphamide. Read More

Pediatr Transplant 2019 Feb 21:e13379. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Pediatric Cardiology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital, Nashville, Tennessee.

Database linkage is a common strategy to expand analytic possibilities. Our group recently completed a linkage between the SRTR and PHIS databases for pediatric heart transplant recipients. The aim of this project was to expand the linkage between SRTR and PHIS to include liver, kidney, lung, heart-lung, and small bowel transplants. Read More

Mol Reprod Dev 2019 Feb 21. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.

Meiotic maturation and fertilization are metabolically demanding processes, and thus the mammalian oocyte is highly susceptible to changes in nutrient availability. O-GlcNAcylation-the addition of a single sugar residue (O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine) on proteins-is a posttranslational modification that acts as a cellular nutrient sensor and likely modulates the function of oocyte proteins. O-GlcNAcylation is mediated by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), which adds O-GlcNAc onto proteins, and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), which removes it. Read More

Clin Transplant 2019 Feb 21:e13507. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, 17033.

These updated guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Community of Practice of the American Society of Transplantation review the diagnosis, prevention and management of urinary tract infections (UTI) in solid organ transplantation, focusing on kidney transplant (KT) recipients. KT recipients have unique risk factors for UTI, including indwelling stents and surgical manipulation of the genitourinary tract. KT recipients experience multidrug antibiotic resistant infections - UTI prevention and management strategies must consider risks of antimicrobial resistance. Read More

Transpl Int 2019 Feb 21. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

The Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamUnited Kingdom.

Patient selection for combined liver-kidney transplantation (CLKT) is a current issue on the background of organ shortage. This study aimed to compare outcomes and post-transplant renal function for patients receiving CLKT and liver transplantation alone (LTA) based on native renal function using eGFR stratification. Using the UK National transplant database (NHSBT) 6035 patients receiving a LTA (N=5912; 98%) or CLKT (N=123; 2%) [2001-2013] were analysed, and stratified by KDIGO stages of eGFR at transplant (eGFR group-strata). Read More

Transpl Int 2019 Feb 21. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Organ Transplantation Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) is a systemic disorder with possible renal involvement, yet data regarding the outcome of kidney transplantation (KT) in those patients, and IBD course post KT, are scarce. In this retrospective analysis, we studied the outcome of 12 IBD kidney recipients (7 Crohn's disease, 5 ulcerative colitis; primary kidney disease was IgA nephropathy in 5, polycystic disease in 4), compared to two control groups: matched-controls, and a cohort of recipients with similar kidney disease. During a follow-up period of 60. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2019 16;2019:7435248. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Imperial College Renal and Transplant Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.

Introduction: We present our experience with hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) versus cold storage (CS) in relation to kidney transplant outcomes.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 33 consecutive HMP kidney transplant outcomes matched with those of 33 cold stored: delayed graft function (DGF), length of hospital stay (LOS), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and patient and graft survival were compared. Renal Resistive Indexes (RIs) during HMP in relation to DGF were also analysed. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2019 16;2019:5049746. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Functional Pathology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan.

The stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) suffers from severe hypertension and hypertensive organ damage such as cerebral stroke and kidney injury under salt-loading. By a quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis between SHRSP and SHR (the stroke-resistant parental strain of SHRSP), two major QTLs for stroke susceptibility were identified on chromosomes 1 and 18 of SHRSP, which were confirmed in congenic strains constructed between SHRSP and SHR. As the progression of renal dysfunction was suggested to be one of the key factors inducing stroke in SHRSP, we examined effects of the stroke-related QTLs on kidney injury using two congenic strains harboring either of SHRSP-derived fragments of chromosomes 1 and 18 in the SHR genome. Read More

Can J Kidney Health Dis 2019 13;6:2054358119828389. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Background: Living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) has several advantages over deceased donor kidney transplantation. Yet rates of living donation are declining in Canada and there exists significant interprovincial variability. Efforts to improve living donation tend to focus on the patient and barriers identified at their level, such as not knowing how to ask for a kidney or lack of education. Read More

Can J Kidney Health Dis 2019 13;6:2054358119828388. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.

Background: Central aortic blood pressures and arterial stiffness are better indicators of cardiovascular outcomes than brachial blood pressures. However, their response to renal denervation (RDN) in patients with Stage 3 and Stage 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) has not yet been examined.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of RDN on central blood pressures (CBP), brachial (office and ambulatory) blood pressures, arterial stiffness, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), 24-hour urine protein, and selective cardiac parameters observed on echocardiograms. Read More

Can J Kidney Health Dis 2019 10;6:2054358119827525. Epub 2019 Feb 10.

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Toronto Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.

Background: Large studies evaluating pediatric acute kidney injury (AKI) epidemiology and outcomes are lacking, partially due to underuse of large administrative health care data.

Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of administrative health care data-defined AKI in children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Design: Retrospective cohort study utilizing chart and administrative data. Read More

Front Genet 2019 7;10:44. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, United States.

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) typically results from a mutation in the PKD1 and PKD2 genes, which code for polycystin-1 (PC1) and polycystin-2 (PC2), respectively. Mutations in these genes promote renal cystic dysplasia and are a significant cause of End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD). Polycystic kidney disease-3 (PKD3), another form of ADPKD, is caused by mutations in glucosidase II alpha subunit (GANAB) gene and present in mid- and late adulthood. Read More

Front Microbiol 2019 7;10:86. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States.

is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen that causes life-threatening systemic infections, as well as oral mucosal infections. Phospholipids are crucial for pathogenesis in , as disruption of phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis within the cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) pathway causes avirulence in a mouse model of systemic infection. The synthesis of PE by this pathway plays a crucial role in virulence, but it was unknown if downstream conversion of PE to phosphatidylcholine (PC) is required for pathogenicity. Read More

Clin Med Insights Case Rep 2019 7;12:1179547619828721. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Interventional Radiology, Queen's Medical Centre (QMC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.

Aims: Renovascular hypertension is a rare cause of paediatric hypertension. It is however, a potentially treatable cause particularly when caused by renal artery stenosis (RAS).

Materials And Methods: We present the case of an 11-month-old girl presenting with cardiac dysfunction. Read More

Clin Med Insights Case Rep 2019 7;12:1179547619828716. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Japan.

We herein report a case with aneurysm rupture in the arc of Bühler (AOB) caused by median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS). The patient experienced a sudden onset of upper abdominal pain. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed an iso- to hyper-enhancing area mainly ranging from the dorsal aspect of the pancreatic head to the retroperitoneum around the right kidney. Read More