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Microbiology 2020 Jul 9. Epub 2020 Jul 9.

Grupo de Investigación Celular y Molecular de Microorganismos Patógenos (CeMoP), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.

Some species of fusaria are well-known pathogens of humans, animals and plants. and (formerly ) cause human infections that range from onychomycosis or keratitis to severe disseminated infections. In general, these infections are difficult to treat due to poor therapeutic responses in immunocompromised patients. Read More

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2020 Jul 9:1-8. Epub 2020 Jul 9.

L&T Microbiology Research Centre, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya , Chennai, India.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of CXL in treating fungal keratitis as an adjuvant therapy.

Methods: Detailed clinical examination microbiological investigation was performed. Twenty fungal keratitis patients were recruited and randomized into two groups: group 1 (n= 11, standard antifungal), group 2 (n=9, corneal collagen crosslinking with standard antifungal). Read More

Cornea 2020 Jul 6. Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY.

Purpose: Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of keratitis requiring urgent antimicrobial treatment. However, rising antibiotic resistance has rendered current ophthalmic antibiotics increasingly ineffective. First, a diverse, ocular S. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2020 Sep 25;19:100791. Epub 2020 Jun 25.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Catholic University Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.

Purpose: Only recently was described as a new genus in the family of fungi containing two species, and . Until now, keratitis was associated with contact lens wear and ocular trauma. We present the first case of keratomycosis presenting as a superinfection in herpetic keratitis. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 Jun;8(11):706

Center for Precision Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Background: The aim of this study was to develop an intelligent system based on a deep learning algorithm for automatically diagnosing fungal keratitis (FK) in in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) images.

Methods: A total of 2,088 IVCM images were included in the training dataset. The positive group consisted of 688 images with fungal hyphae, and the negative group included 1,400 images without fungal hyphae. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2020 Jul 3:1120672120940574. Epub 2020 Jul 3.

Cornea Service, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Purpose: To study the type of bacteria and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern from corneal scrapings of patients with infectious keratitis presenting with concurrent nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out of patients with microbial keratitis and co-existing nasolacrimal duct obstruction during a 5-year period (January 2012 to December 2016). Antibiotic susceptibility profile data was collected from the microbiology records. Read More

PeerJ 2020 24;8:e9419. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey.

During the contact lens (CL) usage, microbial adhesion and biofilm formation are crucial threats for eye health due to the development of mature biofilms on CL surfaces associated with serious eye infections such as keratitis. For CL related eye infections, multi drug resistant or (especially MRSA) and are the most common infectious bacteria and yeast, respectively. In this study, CL biofilm models were created by comparing them to reveal the differences on specific conditions. Read More

Iran J Parasitol 2020 Apr-Jun;15(2):272-277

Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.

species are vision-threatening agents by causing cornea infections known as keratitis. A 5 year-old kid with the complaints of erythema, eyelid edema, inflammation, limitation of eye movements in the right eye, and having no history of wearing contact lenses or trauma, was diagnosed of conjunctivitis through laboratory examinations in the Ophthalmology clinic. The visual sharpness of the patient improved after the treatment. Read More

J Int Med Res 2020 Jun;48(6):300060520926411

Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in the treatment of infectious corneal diseases.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical efficacy of CXL in 65 eyes with infectious keratitis in Jinan Second People's Hospital from December 2016 to June 2018. During 6 months of follow-up after CXL treatment, the results of confocal microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography, as well as visual acuity and corneal biomechanical parameters, were recorded in detail. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2020 Jul;68(7):1463-1466

The Cornea and Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.

A 21-year-old boy underwent deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) for advanced keratoconus. Postoperatively, slit lamp examination revealed multiple foci of interface infiltrates. Medical therapy was non-responsive, and therefore, a repeat lamellar transplantation was done. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2020 Jul;68(7):1461-1463

Division of Laboratory Services, Aravind Eye Hospital and Post-Graduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Fungal infections are a significantly increasing cause of ocular and systemic morbidity; the vast majority of cases being ascribed to a handful of species. Fungal keratitis, unlike systemic infections, usually occur in immunocompetent individuals. Rarely, systemic infections can be associated with ocular involvement (e. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2020 Jul;68(7):1443-1444

Cornea and Anterior Segment, LV Prasad Eye Institute, GMR Varalakshmi Campus, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Front Public Health 2020 3;8:204. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is a common cause of severe and difficult to treat ocular infection. In this study, the population structure of 68 ocular MRSA isolates collected at Massachusetts Eye and Ear between January 2014 and June 2016 was assessed. By using a combination of multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis, SCC typing and detection of the panton-valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene, we found that the population structure of ocular MRSA is composed of lineages with community and hospital origins. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 24. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

Background/aims: To examine the incidence, causative microorganisms and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance profiles of infectious keratitis (IK) in Nottingham, UK.

Methods: A retrospective study of all patients who were diagnosed with IK and underwent corneal scraping between July 2007 and October 2019 (a 12-year period) at a UK tertiary referral centre. Relevant data, including demographic factors, microbiological profiles and in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of IK, were analysed. Read More

J Infect Public Health 2020 Jun 21. Epub 2020 Jun 21.

Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Laboratoire de Parasitologie Mycologie, F54000 Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, SIMPA, F-54000 Nancy, France.

Background: Fusarium is an environmental mold that causes deep or superficial mycosis in immunocompromised or immunocompetent patients respectively.

Methods: This epidemiological study evaluated the frequency of Fusarium infections in our university hospital center in France over a decade from 2007 to 2016 and its representativeness in the main clinical infections.

Results: A total of 715 Fusarium sp. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020 Jun;61(6):51

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of perillaldehyde (PAE) on Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) keratitis.

Methods: Human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) were pretreated with PAE and stimulated with A. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 20. Epub 2020 Jun 20.

Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK. Electronic address:

Purpose: To explore the use of optical SmartProbes for the rapid evaluation of corneal scrapes from patients with suspected microbial keratitis, as a clinical alternative to Gram stain.

Design: Experimental study with evaluation of a diagnostic technology.

Methods: Corneal scrapes were collected from 267 patients presenting with microbial keratitis at a referral cornea clinic in South India. Read More

Rev Iberoam Micol 2020 Jun 19. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Fundación para la Investigación y la Innovación Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias (FINBA), Oviedo, Asturias, España.

Background: Curvularia is a filamentous dematiaceous fungus increasingly recognized as a pathogen in immunocompromised patients. The most common clinical entities associated with this fungus are allergic sinusitis, cutaneous infection and keratitis. In this article, a report on the first clinical case of Curvularia pallescens cutaneous infection in Spain and its treatment is described. Read More

J Biomater Appl 2020 Jun 22:885328220931733. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biomaterials, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil.

Devices such as contact lenses and collagen shields have been used to improve the antibiotic bioavailability of eye drops formulations in the treatment of ulcerative keratitis. Nevertheless, these devices are not sustained drug delivery systems, and a combination with eye drops is necessary. In animal patients, it requires constant supervision by trained personnel to avoid device loss, which increases the cost of treatment. Read More

Int J Pharm 2020 Jun 20;585:119552. Epub 2020 Jun 20.

Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.

Novel drug delivery systems have emerged to treat bacterial keratitis, an acute infection of the cornea. In this study, besifloxacin HCl loaded insert formulations were designed and investigated in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo for the treatment of bacterial keratitis. Besifloxacin HCl (BH) or BH-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) complex containing poly(caprolactone)/polyethylene glycol (PLC/PEG) fibrous inserts were prepared with an electrospinning method. Read More

Eye Contact Lens 2020 Jun 16. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Department of Ophthalmology (B.A., M.E., M.C.O., T.A., F.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey; Ophthalmology Department (M.O.C.), Istanbul Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; and Ophthalmology Department (A.U.), Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal Research and Education Hospital, Bolu, Turkey.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of combined intrastromal voriconazole and intrastromal amphotericin B for the treatment of persistent fungal keratitis.

Method: Patients who received combined corneal intrastromal voriconazole (0.05 mg/0. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 22. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Department of Ophthalmology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.

Purpose: To review the incidence, aetiology and outcomes of endophthalmitis during a 20-year period in a Norwegian university hospital.

Methods: Single-centre retrospective review. Medical records of all patients admitted to Stavanger University Hospital with suspected endophthalmitis between January 1999 and December 2018 were reviewed. Read More

Int J Ophthalmol 2020 18;13(6):870-878. Epub 2020 Jun 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.

Aim: To determine whether lectin-like ox-LDL receptor (LOX-1) regulates adhesion molecules expression and neutrophil infiltration in () keratitis of C57BL/6 mice.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were pretreated with a neutralizing antibody to LOX-1 (5 µg/5 µL) or control nonspecific IgG (5 µg/5 µL), LOX-1 inhibitor Poly-I (2 µg/5 µL) or PBS by subconjunctival injection. Fungal keratitis (FK) mouse models of C57BL/6 mice were established by scraping corneal central epithelium, smearing on the corneal surface and covering the eye with contact lenses. Read More

J Ophthalmol 2020 26;2020:6083854. Epub 2020 May 26.

Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.

Background: To evaluate the relationship between corneal endothelial plaques and fungal hyphae infiltration in fungal keratitis.

Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study of 60 fungal keratitis patients who underwent keratoplasty between January 2013 and March 2017. The endothelial plaques were graded as follows: grade 1, 1-3 endothelial plaques; grade 2, 4-8 endothelial plaques; and grade 3, more than 8 endothelial plaques or dense, merging endothelial plaques. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 06 17;6:CD013001. Epub 2020 Jun 17.

General Clinical Research Center, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.

Background: Infectious keratitis is an infection of the cornea that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, or parasites. It may be associated with ocular surgery, trauma, contact lens wear, or conditions that cause deficiency or loss of corneal sensation, or suppression of the immune system, such as diabetes, chronic use of topical steroids, or immunomodulatory therapies. Photoactivated chromophore for collagen cross-linking (PACK-CXL) of the cornea is a therapy that has been successful in treating eye conditions such as keratoconus and corneal ectasia. Read More

Oxf Med Case Reports 2020 Jun 13;2020(6):omaa032. Epub 2020 Jun 13.

Instituto de la Visión Cerro de las Rosas, Sanatorio Allende - Sede Cerro, Córdoba X5009CGE, Argentina.

Fungal keratitis is an ocular infection that has no standardized treatment. The etiological agents most frequently reported in the literature are spp., spp. Read More

ACS Omega 2020 Jun 21;5(21):12090-12102. Epub 2020 May 21.

Department of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India.

The conventional use of antibiotics for the treatment of infectious keratitis currently faces two major challenges: poor drug penetration and the emergence of antibiotic resistance in microbial strains. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) with antimicrobial properties have the potential to address these challenges. However, their mode of action, mechanism of uptake, and interaction potential have not been explored in detail. Read More

Cornea 2020 Jun 11. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

CJ Shah Cornea Services, Dr G Sitalakshmi Memorial Clinic for Ocular Surface Disorders, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India.

Purpose: To study the efficacy and safety profile of topical absolute ethanol in the treatment of Pythium insidiosum keratitis.

Method: Microbiological, clinical, and histopathological assessments were performed to study the effects of absolute ethanol on P. insidiosum keratitis. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020 Jun;61(6):32

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Purpose: Fungal keratitis (FK) is an eye disease that can lead to blindness and has a high incidence worldwide. At present, there is no effective treatment for this disease. There are innate immune response mechanisms that protect against fungal infections. Read More

Ophthalmologe 2020 Jun 10. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Klinik für Augenheilkunde, UKGM GmbH, Standort Marburg, Baldingerstr., 35043, Marburg, Deutschland.

This article reports a case of severe, treatment refractory infectious keratitis. Multiple samples of the cornea and the anterior chamber were taken without detection of any pathogens. Ultimately a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated and successfully treated with tobramycin and amikacin, according to its antibiotic sensitivity. Read More

J Ophthalmol 2020 18;2020:8283131. Epub 2020 May 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.

Purpose: To analyse the clinical and microbiological characteristics and preexisting ophthalmic and systemic conditions of infectious keratitis resulting in enucleation/evisceration in a large tertiary referral center in a developed country (Hungary) over a period of 12 years. . A retrospective review of enucleated/eviscerated eyes undergoing surgery between 2007 and 2018 at the Department of Ophthalmology of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, with infectious keratitis as the primary indication for enucleation or evisceration. Read More

Mycopathologia 2020 Jun 6;185(3):515-525. Epub 2020 Jun 6.

Center of Expertise in Mycology of Radboud University Medical Center, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Fungi of the genus Fusarium are well known as major plant pathogens but also cause a broad spectrum of human infections. Sixty-three clinical isolates, collected during 2014-2017, were identified using a part of the TEF1 gene as barcoding marker. Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC, n = 41, 65%) showed to be the dominant etiological agent, followed by F. Read More

Ophthalmology 2020 Jun 4. Epub 2020 Jun 4.

Ocular Microbiology Service, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India.

Int Immunopharmacol 2020 Jun 3;85:106649. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address:

Immune modulation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of fungal keratitis (FK). However, the immune cell-mediated processes linking the innate immune response to the adaptive immune response are incompletely elucidated. IL-6 plays crucial roles in infectious and inflammatory processes in the cornea, regulating not only mononuclear macrophage differentiation but also lymphocyte activation, and IL-6 might be a useful target for immune intervention in FK. Read More

Vestn Oftalmol 2020 ;136(3):64-73

Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficiency of modified crosslinking (M-CXL) in the treatment of purulent keratitis (PK) and corneal ulcers, including ulcers of mixed etiology.

Material And Methods: M-CXL method involves simultaneous performance of CXL and frequent instillations of anti-infective agents (one drop every 5 minutes for 1 hour). The study included 39 patients (41 eyes) with purulent corneal ulcers (PCU) of various origin. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 4. Epub 2020 Jun 4.

Ophthalmology Complex Operative Unit, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.

Purpose: This focused review aims to explore pediatric non-viral keratitis and to compare associated risk factors, etiologies, antibiotic susceptibilities, empiric treatments and outcomes.

Methods: The authors performed a literature research for articles, published on PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Embase online library, relevant to pediatric keratitis etiology, risk factors, antibiotic susceptibilities, treatment and outcomes. From the bibliography of selected articles, additional relevant articles were also considered. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 May;99(22):e20420

Department of Ophthalmology.

Background: Fungal keratitis is one of the leading causes of ocular morbidity. The prognosis of fungal keratitis is poorer than many other forms of keratitis but the research of which relatively lags behind. We conducted a bibliometric and visualized analysis in order to characterize the overall status, general trends and current foci of keratomycosis research field. Read More

Cornea 2020 May 29. Epub 2020 May 29.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.

Purpose: To evaluate clinical and ultrasonographic findings associated with advanced microbial keratitis with concurrent endophthalmitis.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analytical study of patients with severe microbial keratitis who underwent ocular ultrasonography for possible endophthalmitis at our institution over a 5-year period. Ocular and medical history, ocular examination findings, microbiology results, and ultrasonographic features were collected. Read More

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2020 May 29:1-9. Epub 2020 May 29.

Anne Bates Leach Eye Clinics, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida, USA.

Purpose: To report our experience with oral miltefosine (MLT) as an adjunct treatment for progressive keratitis (AK).

Methods: Retrospective case series of all patients who underwent treatment with oral MLT for AK at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute from 2017 to 2020.

Results: Six females from 16 to 55 years old, with a microbiologic diagnosis of , were treated with MLT and standard medical treatment. Read More

Cornea 2020 May 21. Epub 2020 May 21.

Cornea Service, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India.

Purpose: To compare the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients with Acanthamoeba keratitis with or without mixed bacterial infection.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of microbiologically confirmed AK cases presenting to a tertiary care center over a 9-year period was conducted. Fourteen eyes in the coinfected group (group 1) and 24 eyes in the AK group (group 2) were analyzed to study the differences in these 2 groups of patients. Read More

Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2020 May;56(5):370-375

Qingdao Eye Hospital, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.

To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment of ocular injury caused by chestnut burr. Retrospective case series study. Data of 48 patients (48 eyes) with ocular injuries caused by chestnut burrs hospitalized in Qingdao Eye Hospital were collected from January 2013 to March 2019. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2020 Jun 19;43(6):477-483. Epub 2020 May 19.

Institut Clinic d'Oftalmologia, Carrer de Sabino Arana, 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:

Background And Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare two alternative methods of collecting and transporting media for the diagnosis of corneal ulcers, as not all clinical settings have conventional culture materials and transport media available.

Methods: In this open-label, prospective, comparative, and randomized study, patients with clinical suspicion of infectious keratitis with high risk of loss of vision had corneal specimens collected using two methods and transport media: Eswab scraping with Amies transport medium and 23-gauge needle scraping in BACTEC Peds broth. The order of each collection method was randomized. Read More

Eye Contact Lens 2020 May 14. Epub 2020 May 14.

Division of Clinical Neuroscience (D.S.J.T.), Academic Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Department of Ophthalmology (D.S.J.T.), Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Departments of Ophthalmology (D.S.J.T., M.M., S.N.S., T.P.), and Microbiology (J.M.), James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom; and National Specialist Ophthalmic Pathology Service (H.S.M.), Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom.

Objectives: To report the first case of Arthrographis kalrae keratitis complicated by endophthalmitis in the UK and to review the current literature.

Methods: A case report with literature review.

Results: A 65-year-old male patient, with a background of treated B-cell lymphoma and herpes simplex virus-related neurotrophic keratopathy, presented with a large infiltrative corneal ulcer in the right eye. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020 6;10:205. Epub 2020 May 6.

Department of Proteomics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Dr. G. Venkataswamy Eye Research Institute, Aravind Eye Care System, Madurai, India.

are the predominant causative agents of mycotic keratitis in the tropical part of the world. Tear proteins play a major role in the innate immune response against these fungal infections as has been shown by the presence of complement proteins and neutrophil extracellular trap proteins in keratitis patients tear. In this study, we established the presence of the components of the alternate pathway of complement system and their functional state in the tear film of mycotic keratitis patients. Read More

Curr Eye Res 2020 Jun 29:1-6. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Department of Ophthalmology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf, Germany.

Background And Purpose: In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) is a non-invasive imaging technique that allows morphological analysis as a diagnostic approach of the cornea in real time, thus providing a suspected diagnosis of fungal or amoebic keratitis immediately, whereas culture or PCR require several days or even weeks. Since these infections are rare, it is difficult for ophthalmologists to gain the experience necessary to differentiate infection from normal findings or artefacts. The purpose of this project was to establish a simulator, on which physicians could practice as well as acquiring a database of IVCM images of fungal or amoebic keratitis and respective analyses. Read More

Pediatr Infect Dis J 2020 May 14. Epub 2020 May 14.

From the The University of Sydney, Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to report the epidemiology, etiology, microbiologic profile and management of pediatric microbial keratitis in a quaternary and 3 tertiary ophthalmic referral centers across Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients ≤ 18 years of age with a clinical diagnosis of microbial keratitis presenting between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2016 identified from hospital coding and pathology databases. Data were extracted from the medical records. Read More

Int J Ophthalmol 2020 18;13(5):708-717. Epub 2020 May 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.

Aim: To determine the roles of high-mobility group box1 (HMGB1) in pro-inflammation, host immune response and its potential target for treatment in () keratitis.

Methods: Expression of HMGB1 was tested in C57BL/6 normal and infected corneas. Dual immunostaining tested co-expression of HMGB1 with TLR4 or LOX-1. Read More

Int J Ophthalmol 2020 18;13(5):701-707. Epub 2020 May 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.

Aim: To analyze the impact of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in mouse keratitis after () infection.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were treated subconjunctivally with different concentrations of exogenous CGRP, and BALB/c mice were treated with CGRP8-37 (a CGRP antagonist) before corneas were infected with . The cornea was assessed under the slit-lamp and the clinical score was recorded. Read More

Vet Ophthalmol 2020 May 16. Epub 2020 May 16.

Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.

Objective: To determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of four fungal species isolated from horses presented with equine fungal keratitis (EFK) in the southeastern United States to previously untested azole, echinocandin, and carboxamide antifungal drugs.

Methods: In vitro assays were performed to determine the susceptibility of Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, Fusarium falciforme, and F. Read More

Vet Microbiol 2020 May 14;244:108687. Epub 2020 Apr 14.

Small Animal Clinic, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) have recently emerged as a major therapeutic challenge in small animal medicine because of their antimicrobial multidrug resistance and their role as nosocomial pathogens. This study focused on the prevalence, molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance pheno- and genotypes of MRSP isolated from conjunctival swabs of dogs and cats. Conjunctival swabs were collected from 72 dogs and 24 cats suffering from conjunctivitis/blepharitis, keratitis or uveitis and screened for the presence of MRSP. Read More