Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Case Rep Ophthalmol 2021 Jan-Apr;12(1):227-231. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Instituto de Oftalmología, Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City, Mexico.

A 28-year-old male presented unilateral visual loss, intense ocular pain, redness and intraocular hypertension in his right eye 2 days after undergoing small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in both eyes. Initial examination of the affected eye revealed the presence of white infiltrates within the corneal interface, as well as a central epithelial defect. The patient was diagnosed with infectious keratitis, posteriorly the eye was irrigated with balanced saline solution and treatment was initiated with hourly moxifloxacin 0. Read More

Case Rep Ophthalmol 2021 Jan-Apr;12(1):214-218. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.

Purpose: To report a case of recalcitrant pseudomonas keratitis with a rare presentation of hyphaema.

Observation: A 45-year-old female was noted to have contact lens-related pseudomonas keratitis with hyphaema. The organism was refractory to multiple antibiotics and only responded to Tazocin eye drops. Read More

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2021 May 11:1-6. Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Medical Microbiology, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Training and Research Hospital, Bolu, Turkey.

: To evaluate the early efficacy of intrastromal injection of vancomycin in the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).: Twenty-four eyes of 24 New-Zealand White rabbits were included in the study. MRSA keratitis was induced in the right eye of each rabbit. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021 May;62(6):10

Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy and Cell Biology Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States.

Purpose: Interleukin (IL)-36 cytokines have been shown to play either beneficial or detrimental roles in the infection of mucosal tissues in a pathogen-dependent manner, but their involvement in fungal keratitis remains elusive. We herein investigated their expression and function in mediating corneal innate immunity against Candida albicans infection.

Methods: Gene expression in mouse corneas with or without C. Read More

Int J Pharm 2021 May 5;603:120676. Epub 2021 May 5.

Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA. Electronic address:

The current study sought to formulate sustained-release hot-melt extruded (HME) ocular inserts of moxifloxacin hydrochloride (MOX; MOX-HME) for the treatment of bacterial keratitis. The concentration of Eudragit™ FS-100 (FS) and propylene glycol (PG) used as polymer and plasticizer, respectively, in the inserts were optimized using the central composite design (CCD) to achieve sustained release. The inserts were characterized for weight, thickness, surface characteristics, pH, and in vitro release profile. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2021 May 6;17(5):e1009557. Epub 2021 May 6.

Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.

We report a rapid reduction in blink reflexes during in vivo ocular Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, which is commonly attributed and indicative of functional neuronal damage. Sensory neurons derived in vitro from trigeminal ganglia (TG) were able to directly respond to P. aeruginosa but reacted significantly less to strains of P. Read More

Vaccine 2021 Apr 29. Epub 2021 Apr 29.

Department of Molecular Biodefense Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan. Electronic address:

Purpose: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) infection is one of the major causes of keratitis. However, effective prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against P. Read More

J Cataract Refract Surg 2021 Apr 5. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

University Hospitals Leuven Department of Ophthalmology Leuven, Belgium KU Leuven, Biomedical Sciences Group Department of Neurosciences, Research group Ophthalmology Leuven, Belgium VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research) Health Unit Mol, Belgium.

Abstract: Corneal crosslinking (CXL) is the current mainstay treatment for progressive keratoconus. In the past 15 years, a variety of other indications have been tested. A systematic review was conducted to examine these alternative indications for CXL. Read More

Bioact Mater 2021 Nov 10;6(11):3812-3823. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.

Pyogenic liver abscess and keratitis are aggressive bacterial infections and the treatment has failed to eradicate bacteria in infectious sites completely owing to the currently severe drug resistance to existing antibiotics. Here, we report a simple and efficient one-step development of ultrasmall non-antibiotic nanoparticles (ICG-Ga NPs) containing clinically approved gallium (III) (Ga) and liver targeting indocyanine green (ICG) molecules to eradicate multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria thought the synergetic effect of photodynamic therapy and iron metabolism blocking. The ICG-Ga NPs induced photodynamic effect could destroy the bacterial membrane, further boost the endocytosis of Ga, then replace iron in bacteria cells to disrupt bacterial iron metabolism, and demonstrate the synergetic bacterial killing and biofilm disrupting effects. Read More

Biomacromolecules 2021 May 21;22(5):2020-2032. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, School of Precision Instruments & Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.

A standardized regimen for addressing the adverse effects of bacterial keratitis on vision remains an intractable challenge due to poor epithelial penetration and a short corneal retention time. In this study, a new strategy is proposed to implement the direct transport of antibiotics to bacteria-infected corneas topical administration of an epithelium-penetrable biodriven nanoplatform, thereby enabling the efficacious treatment of bacterial keratitis. The nanoplatforms were composed of amphiphilic glycopolymers containing boron dipyrromethene and boronic acid moieties with stable fluorescence characteristics and the ability to potentiate epithelial penetration deep into the cornea. Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Orthokeratology offers the unique possibility of correcting myopia: a special reverse geometry contact lens used exclusively during sleeping hours at nighttime. The authors give a comprehensive overview about the evolving technique, including the careful selection of patients, and practical contact lens fitting. They explain a series of daily life situations and point out dos and don'ts. Read More

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2021 Apr 19:1-4. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitari Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.

: To describe a case of cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions (CIMDL) associated with ocular autoimmune disease.: Observational case report.: A 45-year-old man with history of chronic osteolytic sinusitis due to cocaine abuse presented with sudden vision loss in right eye. Read More

Acta Biomater 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Electronic address:

Contact lenses are widely used for visual corrections. However, while wearing contact lenses, eyes typically face discomforts (itching, irritation, burning, etc.) due to foreign object sensation, lack of oxygen permeability, and tear film disruption as opposed to a lack of wetting agents. Read More

Cornea 2021 Apr 14. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; and Department of Ophthalmology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to describe the technique of subpalpebral antibiotic lavage (SAL), which is a highly therapeutic, efficient, and cost-effective method for managing severe bacterial keratitis.

Methods: This case report describes a 26-year-old woman with severe bacterial keratitis in the right eye due to contact lens overwear, with progressive corneal thinning, a hypopyon, impending perforation, and marked visual loss to perception of light despite treatment with intensive topical antibiotics. This was managed with SAL that involves the insertion of a cannula transcutaneously into the upper conjunctival fornix to provide continuous antibiotic irrigation of the ocular surface. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Ophthalmology department, University Hospital of Nice, 30, voie Romaine, 06000 Nice, France. Electronic address:

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a common complication in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloblastic leukemia that could be very difficult to treat. Lifitegrast 5% (Xiidra@, Novartis), a new immunosuppressive eye drop, was recently approved by the FDA for the treatment of severe dry eye and is currently under review by the European Medicines Agency. In France, lifitegrast has been approved by the French authorities for temporary use in refractory dry eye syndrome resistant to tear substitutes and topical cyclosporine. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Ophthalmology, UCL, London, UK

Objective: To investigate the concordance between aqueous and vitreous tap culture results among different types of bacterial endophthalmitis.

Methods And Analysis: This retrospective cohort analysis included all cases diagnosed with endophthalmitis at Moorfields Eye Hospital between January 2008 and March 2020. Aqueous and vitreous samples obtained simultaneously at presentation. Read More

Adv Exp Med Biol 2021 ;1310:91-113

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.

High-resolution fluorescence tissue imaging with the application of moxifloxacin as a cell-labelling agent is described. Moxifloxacin is an antibiotic used in the clinic to both treat and prevent bacterial infections, and it has both good pharmacokinetic properties for tissue penetration and intrinsic fluorescence under ultraviolet (UV) excitation. Alternative usage of moxifloxacin as the cell-labelling agent was discovered and its imaging applications have been explored. Read More

Infect Immun 2021 Apr 5. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop St. Pittsburgh, PA 15213

In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the conserved bacterial IgaA-family protein, GumB, mediates microbial pathogenesis associated with ocular infections through regulation of the Rcs stress response system. The role of the Rcs system and bacterial stress response systems for microbial keratitis is not known, and the role of IgaA proteins in mammalian pathogenesis models has only been tested with partial function allele variants of Here we observed that a Rcs-activated mutant had a >50-fold reduction in proliferation compared to the wild type within rabbit corneas at 48 h, and demonstrated a notable reduction in inflammation based on inflammatory signs, including the absence of hypopyons, and proinflammatory markers measured at the RNA and protein levels. The mutant phenotypes could be complemented by wild-type on a plasmid. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2021 Mar 29;22(7). Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.

The oregano leaves' extract (ORLE) was used for the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs(ORLE)). ORLE and AgNPs(ORLE) (2 mg/mL) were dispersed in polymer hydrogels to give the pHEMA@ORLE_2 and pHEMA@AgNPs(ORLE)_2 using hydroxyethyl-methacrylate (HEMA). The materials were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRPD), thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), derivative thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry (DTG/DSC), ultraviolet (UV-Vis), and attenuated total reflection mode (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopies in solid state and UV-Vis in solution. Read More

Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021 Mar 3;14(3). Epub 2021 Mar 3.

Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA.

Bacterial keratitis (BK) is a critical ocular infection that can lead to serious visual disability. Ciprofloxacin (CIP), moxifloxacin (MOX), and levofloxacin (LFX) have been accepted as monotherapies by the US Food and Drug Administration for BK treatment. CIP is available commercially at 0. Read More

J Cataract Refract Surg 2021 Feb 22. Epub 2021 Feb 22.

1Department of Ophthalmology The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, TX.

Corneal crosslinking is an FDA approved therapy to stiffen the cornea and prevent progression of corneal ectasia in patients with keratoconus. The standard procedure involves removal of the corneal epithelium (epithelial-off) prior to treatment. Variations to the standard procedure include accelerated crosslinking and transepithelial procedures. Read More

Res Microbiol 2021 Mar 16:103817. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, Vienna, Muthgasse 11-II, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogen. It is classified by WHO as one of the most life-threatening pathogens causing nosocomial infections. Some of its clinical isolates and their subpopulations show high persistence to many antibiotics that are recommended by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). Read More

Clin Exp Optom 2021 May 28;104(4):486-490. Epub 2021 Feb 28.

School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

: Keratitis is common and studies of blindness throughout the world have found that corneal disease is the second most common cause of blindness.: Microbial keratitis a bacterial, fungal, or protozoan disease of the cornea, characterised by a corneal infiltrate with an overlying epithelial defect and associated anterior chamber reaction.: Patients were identified through the hospital pathology database and a retrospective chart review of all patients with a positive corneal culture between 1999 and 2015 at Princess Alexandra Hospital was carried out. Read More

Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021 Mar 8. Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

spp. are free-living protozoan that cause a serious human eye disease called keratitis (AK). Several new and effective medical therapy for AK patients remains highly debated and therefore, CHG is still considered one of the first lines of treatment for AK patients. Read More

Vet Ophthalmol 2021 Mar 8. Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.

Objective: To perform retrospective analysis of captive pteropodid bats presented to the University of Florida for ocular or adnexal disease from 2003-2020.

Animals Studied: Twenty-four individuals from seven species were included.

Procedures: Records were analyzed for disease process, methods of treatment, and surgical techniques and complications. Read More

Int J Biol Macromol 2021 Jun 4;180:365-374. Epub 2021 Mar 4.

Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Post-operative endophthalmitis (POE) is one of the most dreadful complications after intraocular surgery. For cataract surgery patients, both commercially available topical 0.5% levofloxacin and 1% prednisolone acetate (PA) ophthalmic solution require at least 3 to 4 times application daily. Read More

J Clin Med 2021 Feb 13;10(4). Epub 2021 Feb 13.

Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK.

Bacterial keratitis is a devastating condition that can rapidly progress to serious complications if not treated promptly. Certain causative microorganisms such as and are notorious for their resistance to antibiotics. Resistant bacterial keratitis results in poorer outcomes such as scarring and the need for surgical intervention. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Feb 26;11(1):5168. Epub 2021 Feb 26.

Southampton Eye Unit, MP104, Southampton General Hospital, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.

Cornea 2021 Feb 24. Epub 2021 Feb 24.

Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA; Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Ophthalmology Department, Paris University, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France; and Department of Ophthalmology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Purpose: To identify the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of infectious keratitis after Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis (kpro) implantation.

Methods: Retrospective case series of kpro procedures at the Stein Eye Institute and the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal between May 1, 2004, and December 31, 2018. Data were collected regarding ocular history, operative details, postoperative management, microbiologic profile, treatment, and outcomes. Read More

PeerJ 2021 15;9:e10778. Epub 2021 Feb 15.

Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK.

Background: Microbial keratitis is a leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. Conventional sampling and culture techniques are time-consuming, with over 40% of cases being culture-negative. Nanopore sequencing technology is portable and capable of generating long sequencing reads in real-time. Read More