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J Vis Exp 2020 May 12(159). Epub 2020 May 12.

Sheffield Collaboratorium for Antimicrobial Resistance and Biofilms (SCARAB), University of Sheffield; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield;

When developing novel antimicrobials, the success of animal trials is dependent on accurate extrapolation of antimicrobial efficacy from in vitro tests to animal infections in vivo. The existing in vitro tests typically overestimate antimicrobial efficacy as the presence of host tissue as a diffusion barrier is not accounted for. To overcome this bottleneck, we have developed an ex vivo porcine corneal model of bacterial keratitis using Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a prototypic organism. Read More

Cornea 2020 May 21. Epub 2020 May 21.

Cornea Service, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India.

Purpose: To compare the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients with Acanthamoeba keratitis with or without mixed bacterial infection.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of microbiologically confirmed AK cases presenting to a tertiary care center over a 9-year period was conducted. Fourteen eyes in the coinfected group (group 1) and 24 eyes in the AK group (group 2) were analyzed to study the differences in these 2 groups of patients. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020 May;61(5):26

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Purpose: IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) 15 is a type 1 IFN-induced protein and known to modify target proteins in a manner similar to ubiquitylation (protein conjugation by ISG15 is termed ISGylation). We sought to determine the role of ISG15 and its underlying mechanisms in corneal innate immune defense against Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis.

Methods: ISG15 expression in cultured human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) and mouse corneas was determined by PCR and Western blot analysis. Read More

Exp Eye Res 2020 May 4;195:108048. Epub 2020 May 4.

State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China. Electronic address:

Tissue injury causes the secretion of stress hormone catecholamine and increases susceptibility to opportunistic infection. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an opportunistic pathogen that is a leading cause of microbial keratitis usually associated with ocular injury or contact lens wear. Read More

Clin Exp Optom 2020 May 4. Epub 2020 May 4.

School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Microbial keratitis is a rare but potentially severe sight-threatening condition, associated with societal burden, cost and morbidity. Compared with microbial keratitis without lens wear, the disease in contact lens wear is more common, occurs at an earlier age, has lower morbidity and is more often caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acanthamoeba spp. Resistance to common antibiotics is infrequent in contact lens-related isolates and there is little evidence to suggest increasing bacterial resistance over time. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020 May 2. Epub 2020 May 2.

The University of Sydney, Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, South Block, Level 1, 8 Macquarie St, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia.

Purpose: To provide recent data on patient demographics, clinical profile and outcomes of patients with microbial keratitis over a 5-year period at the Sydney Eye Hospital, and to identify seasonal variations of the main causative organisms.

Method: A retrospective study of patients with a clinical diagnosis of microbial keratitis and corneal scrape performed between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2016. Clinical information was gathered from medical records and pathology data. Read More

Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 29. Epub 2020 Apr 29.

Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Importance: This is the largest Gram-negative endophthalmitis specific series and provides important evidence to guide management.

Background: Endophthalmitis is a sight-threatening emergency. Gram-negative infections are associated with poorer visual outcomes; however, there is limited literature pertaining to this uncommon condition. Read More

Biomolecules 2020 Apr 25;10(5). Epub 2020 Apr 25.

Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.

Infectious ocular keratitis is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Bacterial resistance to classical pharmacological treatments raised the interest of researchers towards antimicrobial peptide (AMP)-based therapy. hLF 1-11, a synthetic antimicrobial peptide derived from the N-terminus of human lactoferrin, proved effective against different bacteria and yeast but, like all proteinaceous materials, it is unstable from chemical, physical, and biological points of view. Read More

Vet Dermatol 2020 Apr 27. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.

Background: Polyautoimmunity, the concurrent expression of two or more distinct autoimmune diseases (ADs) in a single individual, is a known phenomenon in humans and has been rarely reported in dogs. To the best of the authors' knowledge, comorbid pemphigus foliaceus (PF) and generalized discoid lupus erythematosus (GDLE) has not been reported in dogs.

Hypothesis/objectives: To describe the clinical, histological and immunological features and treatment outcome of two unrelated dogs with comorbid PF and GDLE. Read More

MethodsX 2020 7;7:100876. Epub 2020 Apr 7.

Institute for Wound Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States.

In vitro screening and testing of drugs and devices is necessary, but in vitro conditions differ greatly from those found in vivo. These differences can lead to false promises of efficacy, or can hide problems of tissue compatibility. Models with tissues can be highly valuable bridges which provide relevant matrices for testing [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9]. Read More

Front Immunol 2020 3;11:547. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.

Why ocular mucosa is paucibacterial is unknown. Many different mechanisms have been suggested but the comprehensive experimental studies are sparse. We found that a deficiency in L-plastin (LCP1), an actin bundling protein, resulted in an ocular commensal overgrowth, characterized with increased presence of conjunctival spp. Read More

J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2020 Apr-Jun;15(2):128-137. Epub 2020 Apr 6.

Department of Ophthalmology, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.

Purpose: To determine the causative organisms and associated risk factors for infectious keratitis in South Texas.

Methods: This retrospective study was performed at a tertiary teaching hospital system in South Texas. Medical records of all patients who presented with infectious keratitis from 2012 to 2018 were reviewed. Read More

Cornea 2020 Apr 15. Epub 2020 Apr 15.

University of Zurich, CABMM, Laboratory for Ocular Cell Biology Group, Zurich, Switzerland.

Purpose: Photoactivated chromophore for keratitis cross-linking (PACK-CXL) is used as an adjunct therapy to antibiotic medication in infectious keratitis. This experimental study aimed at quantifying the PACK-CXL efficacy as a function of UV fluence using several bacterial strains and irradiated volumes.

Methods: Six distinct bacterial strains, including standardized strains and clinically isolated strains from patients with keratitis, were analyzed. Read More

BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020 Apr;8(1)

Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.

US adults visit eye care providers more often than primary healthcare providers, placing these doctors in a prime position to help identify and manage patients with prediabetes and diabetes. Currently, diabetes is identified in eye clinics in an advanced stage, only after visible signs of diabetic retinopathy. Recent ophthalmic research has identified multiple subclinical and clinical changes that occur in the anterior segment of the eye with metabolic disease. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020 Apr;61(4):17

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Purpose: Extended contact lens (CL) wear predisposes the wearer to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of the cornea, but the mechanism involved remains incompletely understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the stress hormone norepinephrine (NE) in the pathogenesis of CL-induced P. aeruginosa keratitis. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 15;20(1):147. Epub 2020 Apr 15.

Department of Ophthalmology and Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea.

Background: Healthy corneal epithelium acts as a barrier against damage to the deeper structures in the eye. Failure in the mechanisms of corneal epithelization can lead to persistent epithelial defects of the cornea (PEDs) and can compromise its function. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) promotes the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts during wound healing and may be beneficial in treating patients with PEDs. Read More

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2020 Jun 24;111:110770. Epub 2020 Feb 24.

Section of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Greece; University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Institute of Materials Science and Computing, Ioannina, Greece. Electronic address:

The Metal Organic Framework (MOF) of formula {[Ag(μ-HMNA)(μ-MNA)]·[(EtNH)]·(DMSO)·(HO)} (AGMNA), a known efficient antimicrobial compound which contains the anti-metabolite, 2-thio-nicotinic acid (HMNA), was incorporated in polymer hydrogels using, hydroxyethyl-methacrylate (HEMA). The material pHEMA@AGMNA-1 was characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRPD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Thermogravimetric Differential Thermal Analysis (TG-DTA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DTG/DSC), attenuated total reflection spectroscopy (FT-IR-ATR) and Ultrasonic Imaging. The antimicrobial capacity of pHEMA@AGMNA-1 was evaluated against the Gram negative bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the Gram positive ones of the genus of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, which are the etiology of the microbial keratitis. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2020 Apr 26;8(4):709-715. Epub 2020 Feb 26.

Ophthalmology Section Equine Department Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland.

Corneal cross-linking should be considered as treatment option in Friesian horses with infectious keratitis and corneal dystrophy. Optical coherence tomography, giving information of corneal structure, can help for diagnosis and monitoring. Read More

J Refract Surg 2020 Apr;36(4):258-264

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of accelerated photoactivated chromophore for keratitis corneal cross-linking (PACK-CXL) as an adjunct treatment for bacterial keratitis (PACK-CXL plus standard antibiotic therapy) for patients receiving only standard antibiotic therapy.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of outcomes of patients with moderate infectious presumed bacterial keratitis (ulcer diameter 2 to 7 mm and stromal depth < 300 µm) were compared before and after initiation of a new treatment protocol of PACK-CXL in addition to standard antibiotic treatment.

Results: A total of 70 eyes of 70 patients were included: 39 eyes in the PACK-CXL plus antibiotic (PACK-ABX) group and 31 eyes in the antibiotic only (ABX) control group. Read More

Inflammation 2020 Apr 4. Epub 2020 Apr 4.

Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.

The bacterial keratitis causes viability loss and apoptosis in the corneal epithelial cells (CECs). The cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) benefits visual system and also possess anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory potentials. In the current study, the effects of C3G on human CECs (HCECs) against bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced disorders were assessed, and the mechanism driving the protective effect was explored by focusing on let-7b-5p-mediated HMGA2/PI3K/Akt pathway. Read More

Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2020 Mar 30. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia , Valencia, España.

Moraxella keratitis can lead to important complications. Moraxella nonliquefaciens(M. nonliquefaciens) has the worst prognosis. Read More

Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020 Apr 20;46(4):673-681. Epub 2020 Apr 20.

Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.

The aim was to reveal the characteristic profiles of the marketed levofloxacin eye drops (5 mg/ml) and levofloxacin eye gel (3 mg/g) from the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics views of rabbits' eyes. A mild and a heavy bacterial keratitis models in rabbits were established. Different regimens of levofloxacin eye drops and eye gel, including phosphate buffer solution (the PBS group), the 4-Sol + 1-Gel group (rabbits were treated with 4 doses of levofloxacin eye drops and 1 dose levofloxacin eye gel per day), the 3-Sol + 1-Gel group (3 doses drops and 1 dose gel), the 4-Sol group (4 doses drops), the 4-Gel group (4 doses gel), the 3-Sol group (3 doses drops), and the 3-Gel group (3 doses gel), were applied to evaluate their efficacies. Read More

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2020 Mar 30;19(1):11. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.

Background: Fungal keratitis (FK) has been shown to be a climate-sensitive disease. The differentiation between FK from bacterial keratitis (BK) was difficult. The purpose of this study was to compare the bacteriology and mycology between tropical and subtropical Taiwan and to investigate the independent risk factors for identification of fungi from bacteria. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2020 Mar 26;20(1):120. Epub 2020 Mar 26.

The Charles T. Campbell Ophthalmic Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, EEI 1020, 203 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA.

Background: The cellular process of autophagy is essential for maintaining the health of ocular tissue. Dysregulation of autophagy is associated with several ocular diseases including keratoconus and macular degeneration. It is known that autophagy can be used to respond to microbial infections and that certain microbes can exploit the autophagic process to their benefit. Read More

Int Marit Health 2020 ;71(1):78-84

Department of Epidemiology and Tropical Medicine, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szaserów St., 04-141 Warsaw, Poland.

Travelling has been growing in popularity over the last several decades. Eye diseases, e.g. Read More

Optom Vis Sci 2020 Mar;97(3):162-168

Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

Significance: Scleral lenses have become an increasingly common treatment for ocular surface disease and irregular corneas. Multidose, preservative-free saline solutions are frequently used off-label to fill scleral lenses. Because the fluid resides over the ocular surface during lens wear, contaminated solutions may increase the risk of infectious complications. Read More

Drug Des Devel Ther 2020 26;14:867-879. Epub 2020 Feb 26.

Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the distribution characteristics and ocular pharmacokinetics of norvancomycin (NVCM) in ocular tissues of the anterior segment between continuous topical ocular instillation and hourly administration of eye drop in rabbits.

Methods: Sixty rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: continuous topical ocular instillation drug delivery (CTOIDD) group and eye drop (control) group. In the CTOIDD group, NVCM solution (50 mg/mL) was perfused to the ocular surface using the CTOIDD system at 2 mL/h up to 10 h and the same solution was administered at one drop (50 μL) per hour for 10 h in the control group. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Mar;99(10):e19257

Department of Ophthalmology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital.

Rationale: Traumatic flap dislocation might occur anytime after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), but it is rarely concomitantly complicated with epithelial ingrowth, infectious keratitis, and diffuse lamellar keratitis altogether. Here we report a case of traumatic LASIK flap inversion with epithelial ingrowth, Propionibacterium acnes infection, and diffuse lamellar keratitis.

Patient Concerns: A 42-year-old man receiving bilateral LASIK surgery 10 years ago complained of right eye pain for 6 days after twig injury. Read More

Exp Eye Res 2020 Apr 5;193:107994. Epub 2020 Mar 5.

School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia. Electronic address:

Staphylococcus aureus is a common bacterial isolate from cases of microbial keratitis. The virulence factors that contribute to its pathogenicity during this disease have not been fully resolved. The aim of the current study was to examine the effects of the extracellular protease Staphopain A on corneal virulence. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2020 Mar 6;20(1):89. Epub 2020 Mar 6.

Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 6-4-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.

Background: We aimed to demonstrate the contribution of anti-inflammatory and anti-virulence effects of azithromycin (AZM) in ocular surface infection treatment.

Methods: Staphylococcus aureus was injected into the corneal stroma of rabbits to induce keratitis. AZM at concentrations of 0. Read More

BMJ Mil Health 2020 Mar 5. Epub 2020 Mar 5.

Warfighter Eye Center, Malcolm Grow Medical Clinics and Surgery Center, Joint Base Andrews, Maryland, USA.

Purpose: The extent and types of ophthalmic disease and non-battle injury (DNBI) seen by expeditionary ophthalmologists at deployed military medical treatment facilities have not previously been reported. We aim to characterise the extent and type of ophthalmic pathology including DNBI at a US military medical treatment facility in Afghanistan.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective non-interventional cohort study of all patients seen by ophthalmologists at Craig Joint Theater Hospital at Bagram Airfield (BAF), Afghanistan, between 1 October 2018 and 31 August 2019. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2020 29;14:287-297. Epub 2020 Jan 29.

Adiyaman University, Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey.

Bacterial keratitis is an important ophthalmic emergency and one of the most common causes of corneal blindness. The main causes of treatment resistance in bacterial keratitis are failure to eliminate predisposing factors, misdiagnosis and mistreatment. At first, exogenous, local and systemic predisposing factors that disturbing ocular surface must be eliminated to improve corneal ulcers and to prevent recurrences. Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2020 Apr 24;237(4):403-405. Epub 2020 Feb 24.

Ophthalmica, Institute of Ophthalmology and Microsurgery, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Wellcome Open Res 2019 24;4:141. Epub 2019 Sep 24.

International Centre for Eye Health, Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.

: Microbial keratitis (MK) frequently leads to sight-loss, especially when the infection is severe and/or appropriate treatment is delayed. The primary health system as an entry point plays a central role in facilitating and directing patient access to appropriate care. The purpose of this study was to describe the capacity of primary health centres in Uganda in managing MK. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2020 Mar 31;17:100616. Epub 2020 Jan 31.

Department of Ophthalmology, Truhlsen Eye Institute at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, 3902 Leavenworth St, Omaha, NE, 68105, USA.

Purpose: To report a case of fungal keratitis after corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) surgery.

Observations: We report a case of fungal keratitis after CXL for post-refractive surgery ectasia. The patient presented 12 days after surgery with a corneal ulcer that was culture positive for species of fungus. Read More

Microorganisms 2020 Feb 15;8(2). Epub 2020 Feb 15.

Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India.

is the most common Gram-negative organism causing bacterial keratitis. utilizes various virulence mechanisms to adhere and colonize in the host tissue. In the present study, we examined virulence factors associated with thirty-four clinical isolates collected from keratitis patients seeking care at L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad. Read More

Cornea 2020 Feb 14. Epub 2020 Feb 14.

Aravind Eye Hospital and Post-Graduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Purpose: To report a case of Acanthamoeba endophthalmitis after an uneventful cataract surgery.

Methods: Description, management, and outcomes of a biopsy-proven case of Acanthamoeba endophthalmitis.

Results: Two days after a routine cataract surgery elsewhere, the patient presented with acute endophthalmitis diagnosed as a bacterial infection based on timing and severity. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2020 03;68(3):434-440

Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Purpose: To study the demographic details, risk factors, microbiological profile, and clinical outcomes of pediatric infectious keratitis cases in North India.

Methods: This retrospective case series included review of medical records of pediatric patients (0-16 years) diagnosed with infectious keratitis in a tertiary care center of North India during December 2011 to January 2017 was done. Demographic details, predisposing factors, microbiological investigations, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Read More

ACS Nano 2020 03 17;14(3):3299-3315. Epub 2020 Feb 17.

Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.

Due to the inability to spontaneously heal and vulnerability to bacterial infection, diabetic patients are frustrated by unexpected epithelium injuries in daily life. Notably, a drug-resistant bacterial infection may result in a long-term impact to the natural function of damaged organs. It is imperative to develop strategies that promote injury recovery and eradicate drug-resistant infection simultaneously. Read More

J AAPOS 2020 Feb 8. Epub 2020 Feb 8.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

An 11-month-old girl presented with dermatitis, boggy arthritis, and keratitis shortly after her hospitalization for bacterial pneumonia. A skin biopsy and genetic testing led to a diagnosis of Blau syndrome. Her symptoms persisted despite a stepwise increase in immune-modulating therapies. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2020 Jan 24;21:e919822. Epub 2020 Jan 24.

Department of Ophthalmology, Legnago Hospital, Legnago, Verona, Italy.

BACKGROUND Corneal ulceration is caused by various corneal diseases, including infection, inflammatory disease, neurotrophic keratitis, dry-eye, autoimmune disease, and blepharitis. Treatment should be based on the etiology. In cases of infection, corneal scraping and pathogen culture should be carried out before treatment. Read More

Acta Med Port 2020 May 2;33(5):318-325. Epub 2019 Oct 2.

Department of Ophthalmology. Coimbra Hospital and University Center. Coimbra. Department of Ophthalmology. Faculty of Medicine. University of Coimbra. Coimbra. Portugal.

Introduction: Infectious keratitis is an important cause of visual loss. The purpose of this study was to investigate anterior segment optical coherence tomography patterns in infectious keratitis and evaluate the role of this tool in the early management of this disorder.

Material And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included patients with proven infectious keratitis, either by culture or therapeutic trial. Read More

BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2019 23;4(1):e000351. Epub 2019 Dec 23.

Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.

Background: Microbial keratitis (MK) is a frequent cause of sight loss in sub-Saharan Africa. However, no studies have formally measured its impact on quality of life (QoL) in this context.

Methods: As part of a nested case-control design for risk factors of MK, we recruited patients presenting with MK at two eye units in Southern Uganda between December 2016 and March 2018 and unaffected individuals, individually matched for sex, age and location. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2019 20;13:2547-2552. Epub 2019 Dec 20.

Department of Ophthalmology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background: The most common cause of ocular infections worldwide is bacteria; therefore, bacterial keratitis requires rapid and proper intervention because it is a major cause of loss of vision and ocular morbidity. Resistance studies have found increases in the resistance to ciprofloxacin, cefazolin, and gentamicin in bacterial keratitis cases that are caused by gram-positive organisms.

Aim: To identify the common predisposing factors, causative organisms, and antibiotic profile of bacterial keratitis (BK) in a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Read More

Microb Pathog 2020 Mar 2;140:103953. Epub 2020 Jan 2.

Departamento de Microbiología y Proteómica Ocular, Instituto de Oftalmología "Fundación de Asistencia Privada Conde de Valenciana", Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address:

Purpose: To report the characterization and analysis of the biofilm formation in mixed keratitis induced by the coinfection of Staphylococcus aureus and Fusarium falciforme in a novel murine model.

Methods: Clinical ocular microbial isolates and female BALB/c mice were used to develop the murine model. Immunosuppression was achieved with cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone. Read More

Microbiol Resour Announc 2020 Jan 2;9(1). Epub 2020 Jan 2.

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

is the major cause of bacterial keratitis, a sight-threatening ocular infection that can occur in contact lens wearers, as well as in others. Here, we report the draft genomes of 8 different corneal isolates, adding to the list of publicly available corneal infection-associated genomes. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2019 Dec 25:1120672119896419. Epub 2019 Dec 25.

Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy.

Purpose: Bacterial ocular infections can result in loss of all or part of the ocular structures, contributing to a high disability charge. Local surveillance of etiology and susceptibility patterns is crucial for an appropriate empiric management of ocular infections. The aim of this study was to analyze of bacterial spectrum in culture-proven ocular infections and trends of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Read More

Proteomics 2020 01 7;20(2):e1900290. Epub 2020 Jan 7.

Molecular and Cellular Biology Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada.

Mass spectrometry-based proteomics enables the unbiased and sensitive profiling of cellular proteomes and extracellular environments. Recent technological and bioinformatic advances permit identifying dual biological systems in a single experiment, supporting investigation of infection from both the host and pathogen perspectives. At the ocular surface, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is commonly associated with biofilm formation and inflammation of the ocular tissues, causing damage to the eye. Read More

Lasers Med Sci 2020 Jun 23;35(4):861-866. Epub 2019 Dec 23.

Ophthalmic Biophysics Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1638 NW 10th Avenue, #117A, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.

To evaluate the in vitro efficacy of rose bengal and riboflavin photodynamic antimicrobial therapy for inhibition the growth of four Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) isolates. Four different clinical P. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2020 Jan 20;43(1):80-89. Epub 2019 Dec 20.

Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Jean-Minjoz, 2, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon cedex, France; Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie - Besançon, 20, rue Ambroise Paré, 25000 Besançon, France.

Interstitial keratitis is a non-ulcerative, non-suppurative, more or less vascularized inflammation of the corneal stroma. The corneal lesions result from the host response to bacterial, viral (40% of cases) or parasitic antigens, or from an autoimmune response (1% of cases) without active corneal infection. The natural history of the disease is divided into two phases : acute and cicatricial. Read More