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Clin Immunol 2021 Jun 9;229:108780. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK; Department of Women's & Children's Health, Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK. Electronic address:

Overlapping clinical features promoted the discussion of whether Kawasaki disease (KD) and PIMS-TS share pathophysiological features and disease outcomes. Medical records from English patients with KD (2015-02/20, N = 27) and PIMS-TS (02/2020-21, N = 34) were accessed to extract information. Children with PIMS-TS were older and more frequently of minority ethnicity background. Read More

APMIS 2021 Jun 12. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital. Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Animal models of human diseases are invaluable and inevitable elements in identifying and testing novel treatments of serious diseases, including severe infections. Planning and conducting investigator initiated human trials are generally accepted as being enormously challenging. In contrast, it is often underestimated how much planning, including background and modifying experiments, there is needed to establish a relevant infectious disease animal model. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2021 Jun 8;49:148-152. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, USA.

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a dangerous pediatric complication of COVID-19.

Objective: The purpose of this review article is to provide a summary of the diagnosis and management of MIS-C with a focus on management in the acute care setting.

Discussion: MIS-C is an inflammatory syndrome which can affect nearly any organ system. Read More

Jpn J Clin Oncol 2021 Jun 12. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan.

Background: In a phase I study, afatinib (30 mg/body daily) plus bevacizumab (15 mg/kg every 3 weeks) was well tolerated and showed favourable outcomes in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Herein, we report the 2-year progression-free survival, overall survival and safety profile of these patients.

Methods: Chemo-naïve patients with EGFR-mutant advanced non-small-cell lung cancer were enrolled. Read More

PLoS One 2021 11;16(6):e0251325. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Medical Affairs and Pharmacovigilance, Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd., Osaka, Japan.

Background: The Xarelto Post-Authorization Safety and Effectiveness Study in Japanese Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (XAPASS) was designed to investigate safety and effectiveness during long-term follow-up of rivaroxaban treatment, using reduced doses compared with other global regions, in Japanese patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation in real-world clinical practice.

Methods: In this prospective, open-label, single-arm, observational study, 11,308 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation newly prescribed rivaroxaban (15/10 mg once daily) at 1416 sites across Japan were enrolled and followed for a mean of 2.5 years. Read More

Paediatr Int Child Health 2021 Jun 11:1-7. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

Myocardial bridging is largely considered to be a benign, symptomless congenital anomaly of the coronary arteries in which the intramyocardial coronary course is partially 'tunnelled' and leads to vessel compression during ventricular systole. There are few data regarding children. To report on myocardial bridging observed in children seeking medical help in the paediatric emergency room. Read More

Br J Dermatol 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Department of Dermatology, Command Hospital Air Force Bangalore, Bengaluru, India.

As Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID -19) pandemic continues to surge, varied spectrum of clinical presentations keeps growing. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has recently described COVID-19 associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) that presents as amalgam of Kawasaki disease (KD) and toxic shock syndrome (TSS). We report a 22-year-old Indian male, with five days of fever, headache, myalgia, skin rash and one day history of lower extremity and upper abdominal pain, and vomiting. Read More

Front Pediatr 2021 25;9:673554. Epub 2021 May 25.

Department of Pediatrics, Research Centre of the Sainte Justine University Hospital, Sainte Justine University Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.

To review major epidemiological aspects of Kawasaki disease (KD) in Europe, describing demographic characteristics, revising its incidence along with time trends and geographic variations, and describing migration studies to provide clues about its etiology. The annual incidence of KD in Europe is about 10-15 per 100,000 children under 5 years old and seems to be relatively stable over time and space. Demographic characteristics are in line with those in other countries of the world, with a higher incidence in children from Asia and possibly North African origin. Read More

Ther Clin Risk Manag 2021 3;17:571-575. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Department of General Internal Medicine 4, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan.

A 72-year-old man with locally advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma experienced red purpura on the lower legs and hematuria when the disease progressed during definitive chemoradiotherapy. He had renal dysfunction and proteinuria. Biopsy specimens of the skin lesion and kidney revealed immunoglobulin A vasculitis. Read More

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021 Jun 11;70(23):851-857. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Most COVID-19-associated hospitalizations occur in older adults, but severe disease that requires hospitalization occurs in all age groups, including adolescents aged 12-17 years (1). On May 10, 2021, the Food and Drug Administration expanded the Emergency Use Authorization for Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine to include persons aged 12-15 years, and CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended it for this age group on May 12, 2021.* Before that time, COVID-19 vaccines had been available only to persons aged ≥16 years. Read More

Clin Exp Nephrol 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Clinical Development Department, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.

Background: Esaxerenone has potential renoprotective effects and reduces the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) in patients with diabetic kidney disease and overt nephropathy. We investigated the efficacy and safety of esaxerenone in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and macroalbuminuria (UACR ≥ 300 mg/g creatinine).

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, single-arm, open-label phase III study in 56 patients with T2D and UACR ≥ 300 mg/g creatinine with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 30 mL/min/1. Read More

Keio J Med 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Saitama Hospital, Saitama, Japan.

Infection with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, a known causal pathogen of human bacterial gastroenteritis, causes various symptoms and complications. A previously healthy 7-year-old girl was admitted because of fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. She was initially diagnosed with intussusception by abdominal ultrasonography. Read More

Cardiol Young 2021 Jun 10:1-5. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan.

Background: Several studies have reported treatment options for patients with Kawasaki disease refractory to standard immunoglobulin therapy; however, no studies have reported low-dose immunoglobulin therapy for patients with a low risk of Kawasaki disease.

Methods: A total of 277 patients with Kawasaki disease were included in this study. We used Kobayashi score and our Less high-risk score to divide the patients into three groups. Read More

Crit Care 2021 06 9;25(1):199. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Australia.

Background: Heterogeneous respiratory system static compliance (C) values and levels of hypoxemia in patients with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) requiring mechanical ventilation have been reported in previous small-case series or studies conducted at a national level.

Methods: We designed a retrospective observational cohort study with rapid data gathering from the international COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium study to comprehensively describe C-calculated as: tidal volume/[airway plateau pressure-positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)]-and its association with ventilatory management and outcomes of COVID-19 patients on mechanical ventilation (MV), admitted to intensive care units (ICU) worldwide.

Results: We studied 745 patients from 22 countries, who required admission to the ICU and MV from January 14 to December 31, 2020, and presented at least one value of C within the first seven days of MV. Read More

BMC Endocr Disord 2021 Jun 9;21(1):115. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan.

Background: Tamoxifen, which is one of the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), can bring out life-threatening complication, e.g. hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis, although it is rare. Read More

Int J Clin Pract 2021 Jun 9:e14471. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara City Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ankara.

Objective: Although the initial reports of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases in children described that children were largely protected from severe manifestations, clusters of pediatric cases of severe systemic hyperinflammation and shock related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection began to be reported in the latter half of April 2020. A novel syndrome called "multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children" (MIS-C) shares common clinical features with other well-defined syndromes, including Kawasaki disease (KD), toxic shock syndrome (TSS), and secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis/macrophage activation syndrome (MAS). Our objective was to develop a protocol for the evaluation, treatment, and follow-up of patients with MIS-C. Read More

J Infect Dev Ctries 2021 05 31;15(5):630-638. Epub 2021 May 31.

Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Hematology/Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.

Introduction: Viral infections have been described as triggers for Kawasaki Disease (KD), a medium vessel vasculitis that affects young children. Akin to the H1N1 pandemic in 2009, there is a similar rise in the incidence of KD in children affected with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) has been reported to induce an exaggerated systemic inflammatory response resulting in multi-organ involvement, particularly initiated with pulmonary parenchymal damage. Read More

Int J Clin Oncol 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokai University, 143, Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.

Objective: The aim of this retrospective analysis is to reveal clinicopathological findings and clinical outcome of patients with stage IB1/IB2 (FIGO 2018) uterine cervical cancer.

Methods: Based on the database of the Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group, 2194 patients with stage IB1/IB2 (FIGO 2018), who underwent radical hysterectomy between 1/1/2004-12/31/2008, were identified as eligible for this retrospective study.

Results: Patients with squamous cell carcinoma had significantly frequent lympho-vascular space invasion than those with non-squamous cell carcinoma in both stage IB1 and IB2 (stage IB1; 29. Read More

Andes Pediatr 2021 Apr;92(2):281-287

Departamento de Pediatría, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia.

In addition to the existing concern generated during the current COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in the adult population, we see how this pathology affects the pediatric population in the same way. Several countries have declared health alerts for a new syndrome that occurs late in children exposed to COVID-19, called "multisystem inflammatory syndrome". These patients manifest symptoms si milar to Kawasaki disease, but at rare ages, and it is considered as the cytokine storm manifestation in children. Read More

Int J Clin Pract 2021 Jun 9:e14450. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.

Objective: Analyze current literature and reported cases of MISC, concerning its clinical spectrum, complications associated, therapeutic strategies and distinguishing features of other clinical syndromes.

Methods: Extensive literature research was performed in MEDLINE (trough PubMed), Scopus and Web of Science from December 2019 to December 2020. First analysis included all article titles and abstracts screening to identify relevant studies and second analysis included a full text screening of previous selected studies. Read More

Turk Arch Pediatr 2021 1;56(3):272-274. Epub 2021 May 1.

Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Turk Arch Pediatr 2021 1;56(3):192-199. Epub 2021 May 1.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.

Objective: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new concern emerging as a severe presentation of COVID-19 in children. We aimed to describe the characteristics and short-term outcomes of children diagnosed with MIS-C.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 24 patients who were diagnosed with MIS-C between June 1, 2020 and December 1, 2020. Read More

Pak J Med Sci 2021 May-Jun;37(3):869-873

Dr. Nazish Saqlain, (FCPS) Assistant Professor Hematology, Department of Pediatric Hematology, The Children's Hospital and The Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan.

Objectives: To analyze whether leucopenia and lymphopenia a characteristic feature of children with COVID-19 and to find out its association with the disease severity.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at The Children's Hospital Lahore from March 2020 to October 2020. All confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection and post-COVID MIS-C/Kawasaki Disease diagnosed on the basis of RT-PCR and Antibody test respectively were included. Read More

Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2021 Apr-Jun;14(2):187-191. Epub 2021 Feb 16.

Department of Cardiac Sciences, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Aster CMI Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in developed countries. KD is increasingly being reported from India; however, studies involving the large number of patients are few.

Methods: All children presenting to the center from January 2017 to December 2019, diagnosed to have KD, were retrospectively included in the study. Read More

Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2021 Apr-Jun;14(2):146-151. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.

Background: Standard first-step therapy for Kawasaki disease consists of Intravenous immunoglobulin and high dose Aspirin (80-100 mg/kg/day). The standard dose of Intravenous immunoglobulin (2gr/kg) is strongly effective in reducing the risk of coronary arteries abnormalities. So, the proper dose and efficacy of Aspirin to decrease the risk of coronary arteries abnormalities is a controversial issue. Read More

Georgian Med News 2021 Apr(313):124-127

Tbilisi State Medical University, G. Zhvania Pediatric Academic Clinic, Georgia.

Since December 2019, Covid-19 has become a challenge for doctors around the world, including pediatricians. In most infected children, the disease manifests itself in a mild or is char- acterized by a subclinical course. At the same time, in some cases, a severe clinical picture of the so-called late Covid disease may develop, in the form of a multisystem syndrome and other complications. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2021 06 8;21(1):267. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Sidra Medicine, PO BOX 26999, Doha, Qatar.

Background: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a severe complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children, which is increasingly being reported worldwide. Here we report the first case series of 7 children diagnosed with MIS-C in Qatar.

Methods: Clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 positive patients admitted to Sidra Medicine, Qatar from June to October 2020, who met the WHO case definition for MIS-C were reviewed. Read More

J Fish Dis 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Infectious diseases represent one of the major challenges to sustainable aquaculture production. Rapid, accurate diagnosis and genotyping of emerging pathogens during early-suspected disease cases is critical to facilitate timely response to deploy adequate control measures and prevent or reduce spread. Currently, most laboratories use PCR to amplify partial pathogen genomic regions, occasionally combined with sequencing of PCR amplicon(s) using conventional Sanger sequencing services for confirmatory diagnosis. Read More

J Immunol 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA;

The etiology and pathology of Kawasaki disease (KD) remain elusive. Cub domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1), a cell-surface protein that confers poor prognosis of patients with certain solid tumors, was recently identified as one of the most significantly upregulated genes in SARS-CoV-2-infected children who developed systemic vasculitis, a hallmark of KD. However, a potential role of CDCP1 in KD has not previously been explored. Read More

NASN Sch Nurse 2021 Jun 8:1942602X211021136. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

The arrival of SARS-Co-V-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) has brought not only the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic but also the development of a cluster of symptoms known as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Information regarding the long-term implications of COVID-19 infections in children, as well as MIS-C, is scarce and is emerging on an almost daily basis. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the recent literature regarding COVID-19 and MIS-C, a Kawasaki-like inflammatory syndrome that developed in children around the same time the COVID-19 pandemic began. Read More