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Exp Clin Transplant 2020 Mar 4. Epub 2020 Mar 4.

From the Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, Ankara City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.

Skin cancers are among the rarely seen complications after solid-organ transplant. Kaposi sarcoma invasion to an allograft is an uncommon condition. In this study, we present a case of Kaposi sarcoma in a 58-year-old patient diagnosed at 8 months after bilateral sequential lung transplant due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Read More

Curr Probl Cancer 2020 Feb 9;44(1):100502. Epub 2019 Sep 9.

Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China. Electronic address:

Background: Previously, studies have shown increased risks of second primary malignancies (SPM) after Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Nevertheless, investigation quantifying risks of SPM in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains scarce.

Methods: We used the US population-based SEER 9 Regs Custom Data, Nov 2016 Sub to analyze the risks of SPM in patients with DLBCL. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2019 Aug 18;18(2):955-959. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Department of Diabetic Foot Care, 'Prof. N. Paulescu' National Institute of Diabetes, 011233 Bucharest, Romania.

β-Blockers are a widely utilised class of medication. They have been in use for a variety of systemic disorders including hypertension, heart failure and intention tremors. Their use in dermatology has garnered growing interest with the discovery of their therapeutic effects in the treatment of haemangiomas, their potential positive effects in wound healing, Kaposi sarcoma, melanoma and pyogenic granuloma, and, more recently, pemphigus. Read More

Orphanet J Rare Dis 2019 07 5;14(1):165. Epub 2019 Jul 5.

Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.

Background: Kaposiform lymphangiomatosis (KLA) and kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) are rare and aggressive vascular disorders. The aim of this study was to examine the clinical features and prognosis of KLA and KHE involving the thorax.

Methods: The clinical features, imaging and pathological findings, treatments and outcome were retrospectively reviewed for 6 patients with KLA and 7 patients with KHE involving the thorax. Read More

J Clin Virol 2019 07 22;116:7-10. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Virus Reference Department, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Ave, London, NW9 5HT, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a serious sequel to Human Herpes Virus 8 (HHV8) infection in the immunosuppressed host. Usually requiring a cytological diagnosis, body cavity effusions are often referred for investigation for possible PEL. Although absence of HHV8 effectively refutes this, the presence of HHV8 DNA, though indicative is not diagnostic. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Mar 22;12(3). Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Cascais, Cascais, Portugal.

A 29-year-old man with diarrhoea, fever, abdominal pain and multiple purple papular lesions, neither pruriginous nor painful, was diagnosed with HIV-1 infection and disseminated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) with gastrointestinal involvement. He was started on highly active antiretroviral therapy immediately, as well as doxorubicin. Three weeks later, the patient developed bilateral moderate pleural effusion and large-volume ascites compatible with chylothorax and chylous ascites. Read More

Mol Clin Oncol 2019 Feb 11;10(2):318-320. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Gyeonggi 420-767, Republic of Korea.

Multicentric Castleman's disease and Kaposi's sarcoma are more frequently observed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients; however, 40-50% of the cases are HIV-negative. The present study reports the case of a 61-year-old man who presented with palpable masses in the axillary and right inguinal areas. The blood test results revealed increased serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level, with negative serological markers, including for HIV. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Jan 22;12(1). Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Respiratory Medicine, Glenfield Hospital Department of Respiratory Disorders Lung Disorders and Thoracic Medicine, Leicester, UK.

We present a case of a 33-year-old man with a background of HIV and Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), who presented with a right sided chylothorax. He was managed with percutaneous chest drainage and talc pleurodesis, in addition to his chemotherapy and antiretroviral therapy for KS and HIV, respectively. Good clinical control of the chylothorax remained 4 months post drainage. Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018 12 19;115(50):12805-12810. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892;

Noncoding RNAs have substantial effects in host-virus interactions. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are novel single-stranded noncoding RNAs which can decoy other RNAs or RNA-binding proteins to inhibit their functions. The role of circRNAs is largely unknown in the context of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV). Read More

Chest 2018 11;154(5):e147-e151

Divisions of Critical Care, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston-McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX.

Case Presentation: A 32-year-old man presented with fever, nonproductive cough, diffuse lymphadenopathy, and polyarticular pain for 2 weeks. His medical history included HIV diagnosed 10 years ago, anal intraepithelial neoplasia, Kaposi sarcoma, and herpes simplex virus-2 infection. The patient was not receiving antiretroviral therapy or antibiotic prophylaxis, and his last known CD4 count a month before was 45 cells/mm. Read More

Transpl Infect Dis 2019 Feb 30;21(1):e13005. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare mature B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma arising in body cavities and presenting with effusions. It has been described predominantly in patients with impaired immunity from the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and is associated with the Human Herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8). Seldom has PEL been diagnosed in persons negative for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and in such cases it has occurred primarily in the setting of posttransplant immunosuppression. Read More

J Heart Lung Transplant 2018 06;37(6):798-799

Department of Pulmonary Critical Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

R I Med J (2013) 2018 05 1;101(4):31-33. Epub 2018 May 1.

Associate Professor of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Rhode Island Medical Imaging.

Childs Nerv Syst 2018 08 13;34(8):1609-1611. Epub 2018 Apr 13.

Regional Service of Neurosurgery, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, 30120, Murcia, Spain.

Case Report: A 4-year-old boy with kaposiform lymphangiomatosis (KLA) developed progressive headaches and papilloedema and was diagnosed with pseudotumor cerebri initially treated with acetazolamide. Clinical deterioration prompted placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. After the surgery, the child's condition has markedly improved. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Dec;96(52):e9467

Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV IRCCS.

Rationale: Koebner phenomenon is occasionally reported in patients affected by classic Kaposi sarcoma (KS).

Patient Concerns: Here, we report 2 cases of KS associated with Koebner phenomenon and the correlation of human herpesvirus 8 molecular analysis with the clinical outcome.

Interventions: In the first case, a patient with a history of sporadic cutaneous KS developed a recurrent lesion at the laryngeal tract, the site of a previous nodulectomy. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2017 15;28:43. Epub 2017 Sep 15.

Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire de Fann Dakar /Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, BP 5035 Dakar, Sénégal.

Late diagnosis of HIV infection can be fatal because it favors the appearance of opportunistic infections whose management requires the use of several molecules which can cause drug interactions. We report the case of a 45-year old female patient under heroin substitution treatment, using methadone and with HIV1 under antiretroviral treatment. This patient had nonspecific pulmonary appearance associated with dry nagging cough and progressive dyspnea evolving in a feverish context. Read More

Br J Haematol 2017 10 17;179(1). Epub 2017 Jul 17.

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Capital Institute of Paediatrics, Beijing, China.

Ann Thorac Med 2017 Apr-Jun;12(2):125-126

Department of Family and Community Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, Madrid 28046, Spain.

The simultaneous presentation of two noninflammatory pulmonary diseases, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and Kaposi's sarcoma (Ks), in an HIV-infected patient, is described. A 29-year-old black race patient was admitted to the hospital because of general malaise, weight loss, dyspnea, chest pain, and cough with hemoptoic expectoration. Chest X-rays revealed a patchy bilateral alveolar pattern with a tendency toward the formation of condensations. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2017 May 6;34(3):e146-e149. Epub 2017 Apr 6.

Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare, locally aggressive vascular tumor that does not metastasize. We report two unique cases of KHE involving the right hemithorax and the upper ipsilateral extremity. Kasabach-Merrit phenomenon and osteolytic lesions in the scapula were observed in both cases. Read More

Respiration 2017 30;93(6):424-429. Epub 2017 Mar 30.

Unidad de Neumología Intervencionista, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico.

Background: There are few published studies about the usefulness of endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The clinical spectrum of likely diseases in this population is varied and differs from patients not infected with HIV.

Objective: The aim of this study was to measure the usefulness of EBUS-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in HIV-infected patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Read More

BMC Pulm Med 2017 03 20;17(1):52. Epub 2017 Mar 20.

, 4745 Ogletown-Stanton Road, MAP 1, Suite 220, Newark, DE, 19713, USA.

Background: When evaluating a common complaint such as cough, clinicians should rely on a patient's history and physical to guide them, but also not diverge from guidelines in screening and testing lest certain diagnoses be overlooked.

Case Presentation: A 44 year old Hispanic male presented to a pulmonologist's office after failing multiple courses of antibiotics for chronic cough, now six months in duration. He described intermittent scant hemoptysis and an evanescent migratory non-pruritic rash occasionally noted on his trunk or limbs. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2017 Feb 20;18:181-185. Epub 2017 Feb 20.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Saint Francis Medical Center, Trenton, NJ, USA.

BACKGROUND Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is known to involve the mucocutaneous tissues and the aero-digestive tracts. In acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, KS has an aggressive course and carries poor prognosis. We present a case of pulmonary KS with osseous metastases as the first presentation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in a young male. Read More

Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017 02 4;64(2):284-286. Epub 2016 Oct 4.

Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare aggressive vascular tumor of skin and deep soft tissues that typically presents in infancy and may be associated with a potentially life-threatening coagulopathy known as Kasabach-Merrit phenomenon (KMP). Recent advances in medical therapy have successfully treated many patients. However, our knowledge regarding the natural history of these lesions and optimum surveillance strategies remains rudimentary. Read More

Actas Dermosifiliogr 2017 04 24;108(3):255-256. Epub 2016 Sep 24.

Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, España.

Dermatol Online J 2016 Jul 15;22(7). Epub 2016 Jul 15.

Department of Dermatovenereology of Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal.

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal systemic disease that originates in the vascular endothelium related to Human Herpes Virus 8 (HHV-8). In the early 1980s the first series of cases of disseminated Kaposi Sarcoma in HIV infected patients were reported. However, with the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) since 1997, these cases are less frequently observed by clinicians. Read More

Pediatr Radiol 2016 Aug 6;46(9):1282-90. Epub 2016 Apr 6.

Vascular Anomalies Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Background: Kaposiform lymphangiomatosis is a rare, aggressive lymphatic disorder. The imaging and presenting features of kaposiform lymphangiomatosis can overlap with those of central conducting lymphatic anomaly and generalized lymphatic anomaly.

Objective: To analyze the imaging findings of kaposiform lymphangiomatosis disorder and highlight features most suggestive of this diagnosis. Read More

Lung 2016 Feb 29;194(1):163-9. Epub 2016 Jan 29.

Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1232, New York, NY, 10029-6754, USA.

The early years of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic introduced the global medical community to Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), a heretofore seldom encountered angiosarcomatous neoplasm associated with human herpesvirus-8. At that time, clinicians treating these KS patients were routinely exposed to the pulmonary manifestations of this malignancy, including characteristic airway lesions, peribronchovascular opacities, and the typically hemorrhagic pleural effusions. They also witnessed uncommon complications of pulmonary KS such as chylous effusions, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Read More

CJEM 2016 09 16;18(5):399-400. Epub 2015 Jul 16.

*Department of Emergency Medicine,Cook County (Stroger) Hospital,Chicago,IL.

Int J Surg Pathol 2016 Apr 21;24(2):121-3. Epub 2015 Dec 21.

American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon

Vascular transformation of lymph node sinuses represents a rare benign entity mimicking malignant counterparts such as nodal Kaposi sarcoma. The presence of mildly atypical benign mesothelial cells within nodal sinuses raises the possibility of metastatic malignancy. Herein, a rare case of vascular transformation of lymph node sinuses with reactive sinusoidal mesothelial cells is outlined as a unique benign pathology and a potential mimicker of a malignant collision tumor. Read More

Arch Iran Med 2015 Nov;18(11):793-5

Hematology and Oncology Department, Uromia University of Medical Sciences, Uromia, Iran.

Kaposi's Sarcomas (KS) have been associated with many conditions and also known as a typical complication of immunosuppression. It should be considered as an important differential diagnosis in skin lesions of patients after solid organ transplantation. This is a report of a 61-year-old man, who presented with disseminated KS and a history of renal transplantation. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2015 Oct 8;2015. Epub 2015 Oct 8.

Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Braga, Braga, Portugal.

We report a case of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) and disseminated infection by Mycobacterium genavense in a 40-year-old HIV-positive man with CD4+ T-cell count 5/µL. He presented with anorexia, diarrhoea, cachexia and multiple firm violaceous nodules distributed over the face, neck and upper and lower extremities. Biopsy of a skin nodule was performed, confirming KS. Read More

Br J Haematol 2015 Oct 26;171(1):11. Epub 2015 Jun 26.

Department of Haematology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin 12, Ireland.

Actas Dermosifiliogr 2015 Sep 25;106(7):585. Epub 2015 Apr 25.

Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Dermatología Médico Quirúrgica y Venereología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, España.

BMC Res Notes 2015 Apr 10;8:138. Epub 2015 Apr 10.

Department of Medical Oncology, University Campus Bio-Medico, via Alvaro del Portillo 21, Rome, Italy.

Background: Classic Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is vascular sarcoma, known to be more common in Mediterranean elderly men and characterized by an indolent clinical behavior. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence in literature, describing a spontaneous partial regression in a non-HIV, non-iatrogenic KS.

Case Presentation: A 68-years old woman, presenting with weight loss and respiratory symptoms, was diagnosed with a classic KS involving lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes. Read More

Korean J Pediatr 2014 Nov 30;57(11):500-4. Epub 2014 Nov 30.

Department of Pediatric Radiology, Mofid Children's Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare, locally aggressive vascular tumor of intermediate malignancy with resemblance to Kaposi sarcoma. It occurs predominantly in pediatric age groups as a cutaneous lesion with focal infiltration into the adjacent soft tissue and bone. Although visceral involvement is very uncommon, several cases with bone, retroperitoneal, or mediastinal involvement have been described. Read More

Indian J Dermatol 2014 Jul;59(4):421

Department of Neurology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

Castleman's disease is a rare autoimmune disorder with varied clinical presentations. Castleman's commonly involves mediastinum and hence it is thoracic in most of the reported cases. Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) and myasthenia gravis can be associated with multicentric Castleman's disease. Read More

Radiographics 2014 Jul-Aug;34(4):895-911

From the Department of Radiology (S.H.S.C., S.J.P., E.J.S., J.D.G., S.N.P.) and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (K.C.), University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, UW Mailbox 357115, Seattle, WA 98195-7115.

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic has entered its 4th decade. Since the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 1996, the number of AIDS-related deaths has plateaued worldwide. Today, owing to the effectiveness of ART, the HIV-infected population is aging and HIV infection has become a chronic illness. Read More

AIDS 2014 Mar;28(5):800-2

aTexas Children's Hospital bTexas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital Global Health Service Corps, Botswana-Baylor Children's Clinical Center of Excellence, Princess Marina Hospital, Texas, USA.

Klin Padiatr 2014 Nov 8;226(6-7):362-8. Epub 2014 May 8.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany.

The therapy of complicated Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is still difficult. We present the first case of laryngomalacia with simultaneous mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR)-positive KHE of the neck and thoracic inlet and concurrent Kasabach-Meritt Phenomenon (KMP) in an 11-month-old boy suffering life-threatening progress despite intravenous vincristine, corticosteroids, propranolol and local interstitial laser-application. The laryngomalacia restored after laser-supraglottoplasty. Read More

Int J STD AIDS 2014 Jun 18;25(7):526-8. Epub 2013 Dec 18.

Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Francisco, Fresno Medical Education Program, Fresno, CA, USA.

We describe an unusual presentation of disseminated Kaposi sarcoma in a 49-year-old African-American man with AIDS who was admitted to the hospital for constipation and back pain. Magnetic resonance imagings of the thoracic and lumbar spine were grossly abnormal, however, a biopsy of the iliac crest was interpreted as normal. The patient remained a diagnostic enigma until disseminated Kaposi sarcoma was suspected, based on vascular plaque-like lesions observed on his hard palate and right conjunctiva. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2014 Mar 15;70(3):465-72. Epub 2013 Dec 15.

Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background: Skin cancer is the most common malignancy to arise after organ transplantation in Caucasians, but limited data are available on its incidence in Asian transplant recipients.

Objective: We sought to assess the incidence of skin cancer after organ transplantation in a Korean cohort.

Methods: A cohort study was conducted to determine the incidence and risk factors for skin cancers among kidney, liver, heart, or pancreas transplant recipients, treated at the Asan Medical Center in Seoul, Korea. Read More

Ann Thorac Surg 2013 Nov;96(5):1854-7

Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma is a vascular tumor that commonly presents as a cutaneous mass, is observed in children, and is associated with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon. Herein we report a case of kaposiform hemangioendothelioma with chest wall deformity in an adult who did not show the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon or cutaneous lesions. To our knowledge, this is the first case of asymptomatic kaposiform hemangioendothelioma arising from the pleura and deforming the chest wall. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2013 18;9(7):e1003484. Epub 2013 Jul 18.

Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Program in Global Oncology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are stable, small non-coding RNAs that modulate many downstream target genes. Recently, circulating miRNAs have been detected in various body fluids and within exosomes, prompting their evaluation as candidate biomarkers of diseases, especially cancer. Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common AIDS-associated cancer and remains prevalent despite Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART). Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2012 Jun;22(6):403-5

Department of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria.

Kaposi's sarcomas (KS) are vascular lesions which usually originate from multiple sites in the mid-dermis extending to the dermis. The aetiology is unknown, but infection from human herpes virus type 8 has been suggested. Several reports of KS had come from Africa initially and from worldwide later due to the close association with HIV/AIDS. Read More

Leuk Lymphoma 2012 Dec 13;53(12):2378-82. Epub 2012 Jun 13.

Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare lymphoma associated with Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also known as human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8), and characterized by a malignant body cavity effusion without solid organ or nodal involvement. Prognostic factors in patients with PEL have not been systematically studied. We conducted a literature search for patients with HHV8-positive PEL to identify potential prognostic factors for survival. Read More

J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2013 Aug 12;46(4):309-12. Epub 2012 Apr 12.

Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.

We present a case of Kaposi's sarcoma-related immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in an HIV-infected patient who developed fever, worsening pulmonary infiltrates with respiratory distress, and progression of skin tumors at the popliteal region and thigh that resulted in limitation on movement of the right knee joint at 3.5 months following a significant increase of CD4 count after combination antiretroviral therapy. Read More

Pediatr Cardiol 2013 Jan 16;34(1):194-7. Epub 2012 Mar 16.

Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, Washington, DC 20010, USA.

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KH) is a rare tumor of vascular origin that commonly affects the cutaneous tissues of the extremities. It can, however, affect the abdomen, thorax, head, or neck. Compared with juvenile hemangiomas, which tend to regress, KH tumors are locally aggressive and usually persist. Read More

Am J Surg Pathol 2012 Apr;36(4):629-39

Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) is a primary responder to vascular endothelial growth factor signal and thereby regulates endothelial migration and proliferation. This receptor is expressed in endothelial cells and in some vascular tumors, but many reports also detail its expression in carcinomas and lymphomas. VEGFR2 is a potential cell-type marker, and data on VEGFR2 expression may also have therapeutic significance in view of recent availability of VEGFR2 inhibitors. Read More

Radiographics 2011 Oct;31(6):1651-68

Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, MC 3252, Madison, WI 53792-3252, USA.

A variety of systemic disorders--infections, noninfectious inflammatory diseases, collagen vascular diseases, hereditary diseases, and acquired immune deficiency diseases--may affect both the skin and the lung. The findings in one organ system can help establish the diagnosis or limit the differential diagnosis. Cutaneous manifestations of many conditions (eg, Kaposi sarcoma) precede thoracic manifestations and sometimes have prognostic implications for respiratory disease; in other conditions (eg, organizing pneumonia in polymyositis and dermatomyositis), thoracic manifestations precede cutaneous ones. Read More

Thorax 2011 Dec 6;66(12):1103, 1108. Epub 2011 Oct 6.

Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly School of Medicine, Biopolis 41110, Larissa, Greece.