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Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2022 Jun 23;20(1):45. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital and Research Center, University of Washington M/S MA.7.110, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.

Objective: Maternal infection has been posited as a risk factor for childhood autoimmune disease such as type I diabetes. Given that similar studies in JIA are scant, our objective was to evaluate the association between Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) and maternal infection.

Methods: This case-control study used an existing database that included 1290 JIA cases and 6072 controls matched on birth year. Read More

Andes Pediatr 2022 Apr;93(2):229-234

Health Sciences University, Izmir, Turkey.

Introduction: Early diagnosis and treatment of arthritis are essential for the prognosis of the disease. Especially during the active phase of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), a prompt diagnosis is necessary to ma nage the disease properly. New inflammation markers such as neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) have been investigated in various inflammatory disorders. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2022 Jun 13;10(6):e05900. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Department of Paediatrics Dijklander Hospital Hoorn Hoorn The Netherlands.

Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA, also called Still's disease) is a rare childhood auto-inflammatory disease with significant morbidity. This case report illustrates the clinical course and highlights diagnostic challenges. FDG-PET/CT imaging may be beneficial in the diagnostic process for some cases, in order to achieve rapid diagnosis and early treatment. Read More

J Arthroplasty 2022 Jun 17. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

University of Alabama at Birmingham and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama.

Objective: To develop updated American College of Rheumatology/American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons guidelines for the perioperative management of disease-modifying medications for patients with rheumatic diseases, specifically those with inflammatory arthritis (IA) and those with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty (THA) or elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: We convened a panel of rheumatologists, orthopedic surgeons, and infectious disease specialists, updated the systematic literature review, and included currently available medications for the clinically relevant population, intervention, comparator, and outcomes (PICO) questions. We used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology to rate the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations using a group consensus process. Read More

PLoS Comput Biol 2022 06 22;18(6):e1010112. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Cell-cell communication is mediated by many soluble mediators, including over 40 cytokines. Cytokines, e.g. Read More

Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2022 17;50(S Pt 1):17-29. Epub 2022 May 17.

Division of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.

Urticaria diagnosis may be challenging in children since it can be triggered or related to numerous conditions. In this paper, we reviewed the main aspects regarding the diagnosis of urticaria in the pediatric population. Acute urticaria is often due to viral infections. Read More

Ann Rheum Dis 2022 Jun 20. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

RITA, European Reference Networks, Brussels, Belgium.

Objectives: Recent insights supporting the safety of live-attenuated vaccines and novel studies on the immunogenicity of vaccinations in the era of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in paediatric patients with autoimmune/inflammatory rheumatic diseases (pedAIIRD) necessitated updating the EULAR recommendations.

Methods: Recommendations were developed using the EULAR standard operating procedures. Two international expert committees were formed to update the vaccination recommendations for both paediatric and adult patients with AIIRD. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022 Jun 7. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Associate Professor of Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Chief, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta. Electronic address:

Purpose: Articulation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) generates sounds with specific characteristics known as joint acoustic emissions (AEs). The purpose of this project was to determine if AEs as described by the joint health score (JHS) in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) differ from AEs in healthy children.

Patients And Methods: The investigators implemented a cross-sectional study with age- and sex-matched controls to compare AEs from 4 groups: (1) healthy subjects without TMJ sounds, (2) healthy subjects with TMJ sounds, (3) subjects with JIA without TMJ sounds, and (4) subjects with TMJ sounds. Read More

Arthritis Rheumatol 2022 Jun 20. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

University of Alabama at Birmingham and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama.

Objective: To develop updated guidelines for the perioperative management of disease-modifying medications for patients with rheumatic diseases, specifically those with inflammatory arthritis (IA) and those with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty (THA) or elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: We convened a panel of rheumatologists, orthopedic surgeons, and infectious disease specialists, updated the systematic literature review, and included currently available medications for the clinically relevant population, intervention, comparator, and outcomes (PICO) questions. We used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology to rate the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations using a group consensus process. Read More

Front Pediatr 2022 26;10:884727. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Woman's and Child's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

Juvenile psoriatic arthritis (JPsA) is a relatively rare condition in childhood as it represents approximately 5% of the whole Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) population. According to International League of Associations of Rheumatology (ILAR) classification, JPsA is defined by the association of arthritis and psoriasis or, in the absence of typical psoriatic lesions, with at least two of the following: dactylitis, nail pitting, onycholysis or family history of psoriasis in a first-degree relative. However, recent studies have shown that this classification system could conceal more homogeneous subgroups of patients differing by age of onset, clinical characteristics and prognosis. Read More

Cureus 2022 Jun 11;14(6):e25841. Epub 2022 Jun 11.

Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Queen Rania Children's Hospital, Amman, JOR.

Objectives This study aims to describe the clinical, etiological, and treatment features of noninfectious uveitis in Jordanian children in a single center. Methods A retrospective, observational analysis of medical records of pediatric patients who were diagnosed with noninfectious uveitis from 2015 to 2020 at pediatric rheumatology and ophthalmology clinics at Queen Rania Children's Hospital, Amman, Jordan, was conducted. All patients were below 14 years of age at diagnosis. Read More

Curr Rheumatol Rev 2022 Jun 17. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Rheumatology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.

Background: Adult-onset Still's disease and systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis constitute two sides of the same continuum disease. We aimed to investigate similarities and differences between those diseases.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study including adult patients affected by still's disease, attending the rheumatology department and patients affected by systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis attending the pediatric department. Read More

Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2022 Jun 19. Epub 2022 Jun 19.

University of Alabama at Birmingham and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama.

Objective: To develop updated guidelines for the perioperative management of disease-modifying medications for patients with rheumatic diseases, specifically those with inflammatory arthritis (IA) and those with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty (THA) or elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: We convened a panel of rheumatologists, orthopedic surgeons, and infectious disease specialists, updated the systematic literature review, and included currently available medications for the clinically relevant population, intervention, comparator, and outcomes (PICO) questions. We used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology to rate the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations using a group consensus process. Read More

Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2022 Jun 18;20(1):43. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Department of Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK.

Background: A significant proportion of children and young people with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) do not achieve inactive disease during the first two years following diagnosis. Refinements to clinical care pathways have the potential to improve clinical outcomes but a lack of consistent and contemporaneous clinical data presently precludes standard setting and implementation of meaningful quality improvement programmes. This study was the first to pilot clinical data collection and analysis using the CAPTURE-JIA dataset, and to explore patient and clinician-reported feasibility and acceptability data. Read More

Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2022 Jun 18;20(1):44. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

NW Genomic Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.

Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is the most common chronic rheumatic disease of childhood. The term JIA encompasses a heterogenous group of diseases. The variability in phenotype of patients affected by the disease means it is not uncommon for mimics of JIA to be misdiagnosed. Read More

ACR Open Rheumatol 2022 Jun 17. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

Objective: Children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) frequently exhibit symptoms months before diagnosis. The aims of this study were to assess whether baseline patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are associated with changes in JIA pharmacotherapy treatment and whether symptom duration prior to JIA diagnosis is associated with disease activity scores over time.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with an incident diagnosis of JIA. Read More

Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022 Jun 17. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, British Columbia Children's Hospital, and Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Objectives: To 1) validate the juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) parent global assessment (parent global) as a health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument, 2) evaluate measurement properties of accepted HRQoL measures relative to those of the parent global, and 3) assess causal pathways determining parent global scores.

Methods: Data from the Research in Arthritis in Canadian Children emphasizing outcomes (ReACCh-Out) cohort were used. Measurement properties were assessed in 344 patients at enrolment and 6 months later. Read More

Mod Rheumatol 2022 Jun 17. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Objectives: To investigate an optimal composite score for disease activity in adult juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) from the viewpoint of the subsequent changes in physical function.

Methods: Patients with JIA under the following conditions were enrolled: 1) disease onset < 18 years; 2) registered in the Institute of Rheumatology, Rheumatoid Arthritis database by Tokyo Women's Medical University for the first time between 2000 and 2020; and 3) ≥18 years old at the time of registration. The baseline of each patient was their initial entry into the database. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Jun 16;12(1):10142. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

URPhyM, Intracellular Trafficking Biology, NARILIS, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium.

Mucopolysaccharidosis IX is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency in HYAL1, an enzyme that degrades hyaluronic acid at acidic pH. This disease causes juvenile arthritis in humans and osteoarthritis in the Hyal1 knockout mouse model. Our past research revealed that HYAL1 is strikingly upregulated (~ 25x) upon differentiation of bone marrow monocytes into osteoclasts. Read More

Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2022 Jun 16;20(1):42. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the usefulness of myeloid-related protein 8/14 (MRP8/14) in the prediction of disease course in a real-world setting for patients with new-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), to identify the relationship between MRP8/14 and disease activity using the physician's global assessment of disease activity (PGA), and determine whether the MRP8/14 levels measured in serum and plasma are equally useful.

Methods: In this prospective follow-up study, 87 new-onset non-systemic JIA patients were studied. Blood and synovial fluid samples were collected prior to any antirheumatic medication use. Read More

EClinicalMedicine 2022 Jun 5;48:101425. Epub 2022 May 5.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.

Background: Abatacept is a selective T-cell costimulation modulator approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and psoriatic arthritis. Reports were recently published on hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBVr) in patients who were treated with abatacept. However, the literature is limited to case reports and series, and no study has investigated the relationship between HBVr and abatacept using extensive population-based databases. Read More

Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022 Jun 15. Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Objective: To describe 2-year trajectories of the clinical Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score, 10 joints (cJADAS10) and associated baseline characteristics in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

Methods: JIA patients in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry enrolled within 3 months of diagnosis from June 15, 2015 to December 6, 2017 with at least 2 cJADAS10 scores and 24 months of follow-up were included. Latent growth curve models of cJADAS10 were analyzed; a combination of Bayesian information criterion, posterior probabilities, and clinical judgement were used to select model of best fit. Read More

Clin Rheumatol 2022 Jun 15. Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Instituto da Criança E Do Adolescente, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.

Objectives: To assess mental health and life conditions in adolescents with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) and healthy controls quarantined during COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: A cross-sectional study included 155 ARD adolescents and 105 healthy controls. Online survey included self-reported strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ), and a semi-structured questionnaire with demographic data, daily home and school routine, physical activities, and COVID-19 information during the pandemic. Read More

Immunotherapy 2022 Jun 13. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Ophthalmologic Center of the Second Hospital, Jilin University, Ziqiang Street 218, Changchun, 130000, P.R. China.

Noninfectious uveitis is a common blinding eye disease, and an autoimmune response is involved in its pathogenesis. Biological agents have gradually been introduced into the treatment of noninfectious uveitis. The authors reviewed the clinical application and side effects of different biological agents on noninfectious uveitis. Read More

Scand J Psychol 2022 Jun 10. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

School of Psychological Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

A bulk of studies showed an association between stressful events and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) but failed to identify specific psychological tendencies that contribute to the patients' vulnerability to stress. The purpose of this paper is to identify psychological tendencies specific to JIA that would unravel characteristic sources of stress. The study is based on the cognitive orientation model of health, which enables us to identify these kinds of tendencies in terms of four belief types (beliefs about self, general beliefs, beliefs about norms, and goals) that refer to specific themes. Read More

Adv Rheumatol 2022 06 10;62(1):20. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Dr. Bacelar, 173. Cj 12 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, Zip Code: 04026-000, Brazil.

Background: Rheumatic diseases are associated with an increase in overall risks of tuberculosis (TB). The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of TB and the frequency of latent TB infection (LTBI), in clinical practice, for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients from high and low risk of TB incidence endemic countries.

Methods: This is an international, multicenter, cross-sectional, observational study of data collection from Brazil and Registry of Portugal at REUMA. Read More

Chest 2022 Jun;161(6):e371-e376

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR. Electronic address:

Case Presentation: A 34-year-old man presented to our institution with lightheadedness and dyspnea on exertion. His medical history included chronic pancreatitis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), gastroesophageal reflux disease, hypertension, lumbar degenerative disc disease, seizure disorder, anterior uveitis, and multiple vertebral fractures. In addition, he was a cigarette smoker with a 10-pack-year smoking history. Read More

Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2022 Jun 7;20(1):40. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Division of Paediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Background: Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is a subgroup of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies manifesting with progressive weakness, elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) levels, and necrotizing myopathic features on muscle biopsy. There is a paucity of data on the clinical presentation of IMNM in children. We report a paediatric patient who developed anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (anti-HMGCR)-positive necrotizing myopathy after recent dengue infection. Read More

Curr Microbiol 2022 Jun 7;79(7):215. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Almas Allé 8, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.

There is evidence for an impact of the gut microbiota on the immune system, which has consequences for inflammatory diseases. Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) and the specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) have been demonstrated as effective anti-inflammatory treatments for children with Crohn's disease. We have previously shown an anti-inflammatory effect from these nutritional treatments in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Read More

J Clin Rheumatol 2022 Jun 3. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

From the Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario de Navarra.

Background: With the arrival of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2020, it was proposed to make the change from intravenous (IV) tocilizumab (TCZ) to its subcutaneous formulation, in order to avoid rheumatological patients having to go to the day hospital and guarantee enough IV TCZ for those critical patients with COVID who needed it. The aim of this study was to describe the rate and reasons for switching back to IV TCZ from subcutaneous TCZ.

Methods: We included patients from the rheumatology service that were on treatment with IV TCZ in February 2020 and were followed up until March 2021. Read More