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Int J Angiol 2020 Jun 28;29(2):113-122. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Department of Cardiology, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.

Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in the adult population, and its incidence and prevalence are still rising. Cardiac devices are widely used in clinical practice in the management of various rhythm disturbances and heart failure treatment. Many patients who receive a pacemaker, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, or cardiac resynchronization therapy also experience atrial fibrillation in the course of their life. Read More

J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2020 May 25. Epub 2020 May 25.

The Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institute (KCHRI), HCA MidWest, Overland Park, KS, 66221, USA.

Purpose: Idiopathic junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is typically refractory to antiarrhythmic agents. Catheter ablation for JET is feasible but is associated with high risk of unintended atrioventricular (AV) block. There is limited data on the appropriate procedural technique and clinical outcomes with catheter ablation for idiopathic JET in adults. Read More

Heart Rhythm 2020 May 14. Epub 2020 May 14.

Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China. Electronic address:

Background: Left bundle branch (LBB) pacing is a novel pacing modality but there is no standard fluoroscopic methodology.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of His bundle (HB) and LBB pacing lead locations and establish a method to guide LBB pacing using fluoroscopic images.

Methods: Seventy patients who underwent HB or LBB pacing were enrolled. Read More

J Dent Anesth Pain Med 2020 Apr 27;20(2):89-93. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.

We experienced an unusual case of accelerated junctional rhythm with severe hypotension after infiltration of lidocaine containing epinephrine during dental surgery under general anesthesia. The patient's electrocardiogram exhibited retrograde P-waves following the QRS complex, which could be misinterpreted as ST-segment depression. As a temporary measure, administration of ephedrine restored the patient's blood pressure to normal levels. Read More

J Electrocardiol 2020 Apr 28;60:175-176. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

202 Birkdale Lane, Jupiter, FL 33458, United States of America. Electronic address:

A 42-year old female with no significant past medical history, normal physical exam, and normal routine lab studies presents with "thumps" in her chest. A Holter monitor evaluation revealed normal sinus rhythm with two different PR intervals suggesting "dual AV nodal pathways" and occasional blocked P waves with junctional escape complexes. The behavior was most suggestive that no conduction through either pathway reached the His bundle, suggesting distal block must be beyond each pathway, but still within the AV node. Read More

J Innov Card Rhythm Manag 2020 Mar 15;11(3):4046-4053. Epub 2020 Mar 15.

Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Atrioventricular (AV) node-dependent long-R-P tachycardias are a unique group of supraventricular tachycardias that include atypical AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), atypical AVNRT with a concealed bystander nodofascicular (NF)/nodoventricular (NV) accessory pathway inserting into the slow pathway of the AV node, the permanent form of junctional reciprocating tachycardia, and orthodromic NF/NV reciprocating tachycardia. Here, we discuss the complex pathophysiology, diagnosis, and ablation of these intriguing arrhythmias. Read More

Heart Rhythm 2020 Apr 22. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA; Department of Computational Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Small-conductance calcium (Ca)-activated potassium (SK) channels play complex roles in cardiac arrhythmogenesis. SK channels colocalize with L-type Ca channels, yet how this colocalization affects cardiac arrhythmogenesis is unknown.

Objective: To investigate the role of colocalization of SK channels with L-type Ca channels in promoting J-wave syndrome and ventricular arrhythmias. Read More

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2020 Jun 15;31(6):1430-1435. Epub 2020 Apr 15.

Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.

Background: Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is treatable by catheter ablation. Advances in mapping-system technology permit fluoroless workflow during ablations. As national practice trends toward fluoroless approaches, easily obtained, reproducible methods of slow-pathway identification, and ablation become increasingly important. Read More

Heart Rhythm 2020 Feb 10. Epub 2020 Feb 10.

University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL.

Background: Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA) is associated with spontaneous AV block and pacing-induced cardiomyopathy. His bundle pacing (HBP) is a potential alternative to conventional CRT.

Objectives: To determine the outcomes of HBP for CCTGA. Read More

Heart Rhythm 2020 Mar 13. Epub 2020 Mar 13.

University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.

Background: Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA) is associated with spontaneous atrioventricular block and pacing-induced cardiomyopathy. Conduction system pacing is a potential alternative to conventional cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the outcomes of conduction system pacing for CCTGA. Read More

Praxis (Bern 1994) 2020 ;109(4):253-258

Universitätsspital Zürich, Klinik für Kardiologie.

CME ECC 65: The Athlete's ECG Regular, intensive training in athletes causes a modulation of the heart due to higher vagal tone and emerging hypertrophy. To assess these changes, which can be seen in an athlete's ECG as well, an international group of experts constituted contemporary standards for ECG interpretation in athletes, the "Seattle Criteria" which are discussed in this article: Athletes often have a physiologic sinus bradycardia with a heart rate between 30 and 60 bpm and a pronounced respiratory arrhythmia. A junctional rhythm with retrograde depolarisation of the atria frequently occurs as well, especially at rest. Read More

J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2020 Mar 14. Epub 2020 Mar 14.

Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Purpose: Sinus node dysfunction (SND) may complicate thoracoscopic surgical atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. Identifying patients at risk is important, as SND may require temporary or permanent pacing. To determine the incidence of postoperative SND and duration of symptoms in patients who underwent thoracoscopic surgical ablation. Read More

Heart Rhythm 2020 Feb 27. Epub 2020 Feb 27.

Cardiac Electrophysiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Electronic address:

Background: Postoperative bradycardia can complicate orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT). Previous studies suggested donor age and surgical technique as possible risk factors. However, risk factors in the era of bicaval anastomosis have not been elucidated. Read More

Front Physiol 2019 22;10:1603. Epub 2020 Jan 22.

Neurovascular Health Lab, Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Ascent to altitude increases the prevalence of arrhythmogenesis in low-altitude dwelling populations (Lowlanders). High altitude populations (i.e. Read More

Cureus 2019 Dec 21;11(12):e6439. Epub 2019 Dec 21.

Cardiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, USA.

The spectrum of electrocardiographic changes seen with hyperkalemia is known to progress gradually with increasing serum levels of potassium. Initial changes are limited to peaked T waves and QT shortening, which subsequently progress to prolonged QRS/QT intervals, and finally sinus arrest, sinus bradycardia and asystole. We report a unique case of severe sinus bradycardia with atrial bigeminy and junctional rhythm in the setting of moderate hyperkalemia, a rarely reported electrocardiographic finding. Read More

Eur Heart J Case Rep 2019 Dec 4;3(4):1-7. Epub 2019 Dec 4.

Department of Cardiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433, Singapore.

Background: Primary cardiac lymphoma is defined as extranodal lymphoma involving the heart or pericardium. Common presentations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated cardiac lymphoma include heart failure, cardiac tamponade, and rhythm abnormalities. Arrhythmia is an uncommon presentation and treatment in young HIV patients is particularly challenging. Read More

Ital J Pediatr 2019 Dec 19;45(1):165. Epub 2019 Dec 19.

Division of Neurology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.

Background: Cardiac arrhythmias are sometimes encountered in patients with hereditary myopathies and muscular dystrophies. Description of arrhythmias in myopathies and muscular dystrophies is very important, because arrhythmias have a strong impact on the outcomes for these patients and are potentially treatable.

Case Presentation: A girl with severe congenital RYR1-related myopathy exhibited atrial tachycardia and sinus node dysfunction during infancy. Read More

Front Pediatr 2019 20;7:465. Epub 2019 Nov 20.

School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.

To describe the clinical characteristics of maternal autoantibody-mediated arrhythmia and/or cardiomyopathy, and to explore the therapeutic role of glucocorticoids in these diseases. This was a retrospective observational study of 2 fetuses and 14 children who presented with autoantibody-mediated arrhythmia and/or cardiomyopathy in our hospital from September 2010 to December 2018. In total, 16 patients were identified, including 2 fetuses, and 14 children. Read More

Tunis Med 2019 Mar;97(3):500-503

A mother presented with a fetus at 22±1 weeks of gestation with a sustained supraventricular tachycardia  (SVT) at initially 186 beat per minute (bpm). The fetal M-mode echocardiography showed a 1/1 atrio ventricular ratio (with short atrioventricular (AV) interval and a long ventriculo-atrial (VA) interval, suggesting a Persistent junctional reciprocating tachycardia (PJRT) . Upon  initial present no signs of heart failure or hydrops  were noted and treament was initiated with amiodarone and  digoxin . Read More

World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2019 11;10(6):709-714

Army Hospital Research and Referral, New Delhi, India.

Objectives: Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is a relatively common narrow complex rhythm typically characterized by atrioventricular dissociation or retrograde atrial conduction in a 1:1 pattern. Junctional ectopic tachycardia can be a life-threatening disorder, causing severe hemodynamic compromise and increased morbidity and mortality. The treatment of refractory JET can be very difficult, even with multimodal therapeutic interventions. Read More

Anatol J Cardiol 2019 Nov;22(5):5012

Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University; Van-Turkey.

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019 12 14;30(12):3097-3115. Epub 2019 Nov 14.

Post Graduation Department, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

The recognition of the presence, location, and properties of unusual accessory pathways for atrioventricular conduction is an exciting, but frequently a difficult, challenge for the clinical cardiac arrhythmologist. In this third part of our series of reviews, we discuss the different steps required to come to the correct diagnosis and management decision in patients with nodofascicular, nodoventricular, and fasciculo-ventricular pathways. We also discuss the concealed accessory atrioventricular pathways with the properties of decremental retrograde conduction that are associated with the so-called permanent form of junctional reciprocating tachycardia. Read More

Br J Anaesth 2019 12 14;123(6):839-852. Epub 2019 Oct 14.

Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is increasingly used intraoperatively in infants undergoing cardiac surgery. This phase 1 multicentre study sought to: (i) determine the safety of DEX for cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass; (ii) determine the pharmacokinetics (PK) of DEX; (iii) create a PK model and dosing for steady-state DEX plasma levels; and (iv) validate the PK model and dosing.

Methods: We included 122 neonates and infants (0-180 days) with D-transposition of the great arteries, ventricular septal defect, or tetralogy of Fallot. Read More

Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2019 Nov 23;186:105536. Epub 2019 Sep 23.

Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. Electronic address:

Emery Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is an inherited myopathy characterized by early contractures, slow progressive muscle weakness and cardiac involvement. To date at least seven genes have been associated to EDMD with different inheritance patterns, being emerin gene responsible for the X-linked form of the disease. We report a 40-year-old man who was referred for severe gait difficulty. Read More

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019 11 27;30(11):2377-2386. Epub 2019 Sep 27.

Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

Aims: Ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) originating from the para-Hisian region represent a challenging location. The long-term success rate of catheter ablation above the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve is not ideal. This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of catheter ablation for para-Hisian VAs via a direct approach under the septal valve with reversed C-curve technique. Read More

Heart Views 2019 Apr-Jun;20(2):47-52

Department of Pediatrics, Narayana Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Objective: To study the incidence of postoperative cardiac arrhythmias in children undergoing cardiac surgery and to evaluate the risk factors and outcome of these patients.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted in the cardiac pediatric intensive care unit and included children <18 years of age. Children were monitored in the early postoperative period (72 h) for any sustained rhythm abnormality and were classified using standard definition. Read More

Eur Heart J Case Rep 2019 Sep;3(3)

Division of Heart & Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Background: Third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block can result in sudden cardiac death if no reliable escape rhythm is present. Here, we report a case of an 86-year-old female patient who developed a third-degree AV block leading to cardiac arrest. Surprisingly, sinus rhythm returned after 4 min of asystole, and she showed complete neurological recovery. Read More

Am J Med Case Rep 2019 5;7(7):151-157. Epub 2019 Jul 5.

Department of Internal Medicine, State University of New York: Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States- 11203.

Background: Since the introduction of heparin as part of the management of acute coronary syndrome, the occurrence of pulmonary embolism (PE) as a complication of myocardial infarction (MI) have somewhat been unheard of. Given this rarity, its recognition is now a formidable challenge.

Case Description: We present a case of a previously well 56-year-old male who presented with typical chest pain radiating to the left arm and dizziness. Read More

Pediatr Cardiol 2019 Aug 18;40(6):1284-1288. Epub 2019 Jul 18.

Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.

Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is the commonest tachyarrhythmia in the early post-operative period in children undergoing open-heart surgery. It frequently leads to hemodynamic instability and needs to be managed aggressively. Amiodarone is the first-line agent along with non-pharmacological interventions. Read More

Cell Cycle 2019 09 9;18(17):2040-2054. Epub 2019 Jul 9.

a IDR/Westmead Institute for Medical Research , Sydney , NSW , Australia.

Self-organization is central to the morphogenesis of multicellular organisms. However, the molecular platform that coordinates the robust emergence of complex morphological patterns from local interactions between cells remains unresolved. Here we demonstrate that neural self- organization is driven by coupled cycling of progenitor cells. Read More

J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect 2019 19;9(3):258-263. Epub 2019 Jun 19.

Sunny Downstate Medical Center, New York, USA.

Thyrotoxicosis factitia is a hyperthyroid state due to the accidental or deliberate thyroxine ingestion. It can have many complications depending upon the organ involved. We present a case of a heavy built athlete presenting with cardiac arrest, who was found to be abused the thyroxine hormone for bodybuilding. Read More

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019 09 16;30(9):1578-1585. Epub 2019 Jul 16.

Division of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan.

Introduction: Fast junctional rhythm (JR) during slow pathway modification for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is a predictor of serious atrioventricular block. This study investigated the boundary to avoid fast JR during ablation with three-dimensional (3D) electroanatomical mapping in AVNRT patients.

Methods And Results: Participants were 129 consecutive patients with common AVNRT who received anatomical ablation to an antegrade slow pathway at our institution between August 2013 and March 2019. Read More

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019 09 16;30(9):1586-1587. Epub 2019 Jul 16.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Heart Rhythm 2019 09 18;16(9):1421-1428. Epub 2019 Jun 18.

Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Section, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Electronic address:

Background: The slow pathway region (SPR) is commonly targeted during ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. However, its role in idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (IVAs) remains unknown.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the electrocardiographic and electrophysiological characteristics of IVAs that were successfully ablated from the SPR. Read More

Cardiol Young 2019 Jun 14;29(6):744-748. Epub 2019 Jun 14.

KidzFirst Children's Hospital,South Auckland,New Zealand.

Objectives: First-degree heart block is a minor manifestation of acute rheumatic fever. Second and third degree heart block and junctional rhythms occur less commonly. We report patients presenting with these latter three electrocardiographic abnormalities and investigate their diagnostic utility. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 05 6;9(1):6930. Epub 2019 May 6.

Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) is a life-threatening arrhythmia. A small animal model of chronic CAVB that properly reflects clinical indices of bradycardia would accelerate the understanding of disease progression and pathophysiology, and the development of therapeutic strategies. We sought to develop a surgical model of CAVB in adult rats, which could recapitulate structural remodeling and arrhythmogenicity expected in chronic CAVB. Read More

Eur Heart J Case Rep 2018 Sep 2;2(3):yty076. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

Division of Internal Medicine, Nishida Hospital, Tsuruoka-Nishi-Machi 2-266, Saiki-City, Oita, Japan.

Background: Hyponatraemia is easily corrected by treatment with an oral vasopressin antagonist, but these medications are costly and their use at outpatient clinics is restricted by government-managed insurance in Japan. Acetazolamide could be an alternative diuretic to a vasopressin antagonist.

Case Summary: An 83-year-old dyspnoeic male patient was emergently admitted to the hospital due to decompensated heart failure (HF), hypotension, and hyperkalaemia-associated sinus arrest with a junctional escape rhythm. Read More

J Electrocardiol 2019 May - Jun;54:85-86. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Heart Rhythm Service, Kingston Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.

J Electrocardiol 2019 May - Jun;54:82-84. Epub 2019 Mar 23.

Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, United States of America; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, United States of America.

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019 Jun 18;30(6):966-968. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.

World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2019 01;10(1):50-57

1 Department of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery, Medical Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.

Background: Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is a common arrhythmia causing hemodynamic impairment following corrective cardiac surgery such as tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair.

Methods: We report our experience with postoperative JET following surgical repair of TOF. The retrospective study was done from 2003 to 2012 with a total of 105 patients who underwent TOF repair. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Feb 22;12(2). Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Cardiology, Albany Medical Center Hospital, Albany, New York, USA.

We present a case of sinus arrest and junctional escape rhythm from sinus node artery (SNA) thrombus in a 55-year-old man after revascularisation of right coronary and proximal circumflex arteries for infero-posterior wall ST-segement elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Sinus arrest from occlusion of the SNA is uncommon. The ensuing bradycardia may have haemodynamic consequences requiring temporary pacing but is almost always self-limited. Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2019 Feb;29(2):109-114

Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.

Objective: To determine the ECG manifestations of COPD exacerbations and their roles in the decision making process in admission.

Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Emergency Department (ED) of Kocaeli University, Turkey, from November 2016 to December 2017. Read More

JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2019 01 28;5(1):113-119. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Objectives: This study sought to investigate markers of success following slow pathway ablation for atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT).

Background: Published data are conflicting.

Methods: The authors studied 1,007 patients with typical AVNRT and 77 patients with atypical AVNRT. Read More

Indian J Crit Care Med 2018 Dec;22(12):889-891

Department of Radiation Oncology, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.

Leptospirosis is an important re-emerging infectious disease. Leptospirosis has been estimated to affect tens of millions of humans annually with a case fatality rate ranging from 5% to 25%; however, it is underreported due to the lack of clinical suspicion and barriers to diagnostic capacity. A 33-year-old healthy male presented with a history of fever of 2-day duration. Read More

J Electrocardiol 2019 Mar - Apr;53:28-30. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Heart Institute, Baylor St. Luke's Medical Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America. Electronic address:

A 67 year old female with diabetes mellitus type 2, chronic kidney disease, ischemic cardiomyopathy, status post biventricular implantable cardioverter-defibrillator presented to the Heart Failure clinic for routine follow up with a tachycardia with alternating pacemaker spikes. Read More

Elife 2018 12 31;7. Epub 2018 Dec 31.

Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States.

Neuronal networks generating hindlimb locomotion are located in the spinal cord. The mechanisms underlying spinal rhythmogenesis are unknown but network activity and interconnectivity of excitatory interneurons likely play prominent roles. Here, we investigate interconnectivity within the Shox2 interneuron population, a subset of which has been suggested to be involved in locomotor rhythm generation, using paired recordings in isolated spinal cords or slices from transgenic mice. Read More

Transplant Proc 2018 Dec 7;50(10):3988-3994. Epub 2018 Sep 7.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Background: Combined liver and kidney transplant is a very complex surgery. To date, there has been no report on the intraoperative management of patients with impaired cardiac function undergoing simultaneous ABO-compatible liver and ABO-incompatible kidney transplant from 2 living donors.

Case Report: A 60-year-old man underwent simultaneous ABO-compatible liver and ABO-incompatible kidney transplant from 2 living donors because of IgA nephropathy and alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Read More

Crit Ultrasound J 2018 Nov 12;10(1):30. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Systolic anterior motion (SAM) after mitral valve repair (MVR) can adversely affect hemodynamics due to exacerbation of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and mitral regurgitation. Intraoperative transient SAM after MVR can usually be managed with hemodynamic maneuvers under continuous monitoring by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). However, during postoperative intensive care management, transient SAM is seldom diagnosed and the start of treatment may be delayed. Read More