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Duke Law J 2018 Dec;68(3):417-78

Willamette University.

Three widely discussed explanations of the punitive carceral state are racism, harsh drug laws, and prosecutorial overreach. These three narratives, however, only partially explain how our correctional system expanded to its current overcrowded state. Neglected in our discussion of mass incarceration is our largely forgotten history of the long-term, wholesale institutionalization of the disabled. Read More

Seton Hall Law Rev 2019 ;49(1):205-31

Seton Hall Law Rev 2019 ;41(1):53-127

Seton Hall Law Rev 2019 ;49(1):1-51

University of Tennessee College of Law.

For the better part of a decade, Americans have had a front-row seat to a fervent and turbulent debate over the future of their health care system. The passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA), the most comprehensive health reform effort since the mid-1960s, ushered in a new era in health law and policy, granting millions of Americans access to health care. After multiple legal challenges and congressional efforts that ultimately failed to slay the law, the ACA had become entrenched by the end of the Obama administration, even though pieces of the law had failed to work exactly as planned. Read More

Fed Regist 2018 Dec;83(241):64443-58

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA, the Agency, or we) is issuing a final rule to amend its regulations governing classification and reclassification of medical devices to conform to the applicable provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) as amended by the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act (FDASIA). FDA is also making additional changes unrelated to the FDASIA requirements, to update its regulations governing the classification and reclassification of medical devices. FDA is taking this action to codify the procedures and criteria that apply to the classification and reclassification of medical devices and to provide for classification of devices in the lowest regulatory class consistent with the public health and the statutory scheme for device regulation. Read More

Int J Urol 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Plastic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.

Objectives: To investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of periurethral injection of autologous adipose-derived regenerative cells for the treatment of post-prostatectomy stress urinary incontinence.

Methods: A total of 13 patients with persistent stress urinary incontinence after prostate surgery (radical prostatectomy, 10 patients; holmium laser enucleation of the prostate, three patients) underwent periurethral injection of adipose-derived regenerative cells and were followed up for >4 years. A 24-h pad test was carried out for four consecutive days in each evaluation period, and changes in the mean daily leakage volume during the 4 days from baseline to 60 months after treatment were evaluated. Read More

Breast J 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Collective Health, Graduate Program in Collective Health, UFRN, Natal, Brazil.

Breast J 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Int J Urol 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Kyorin Pharmaceutical, Tokyo, Japan.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of vibegron on nocturia in patients with overactive bladder.

Methods: Among the Japanese overactive bladder patients enrolled in the placebo-controlled, multicenter, randomized, double-blind phase 3 study of vibegron, a total of 669 patients with nocturia (≥1 nocturnal void) were included. Changes from baseline in micturition parameters were compared for vibegron treatment (50 and 100 mg/day) versus placebo. Read More

J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.

Strategies to overcome the limited availability of human articular chondrocytes (hACs) and their tendency to dedifferentiate during expansion are required to advance their clinical use and to engineer functional cartilage on par with native articular cartilage. This work sought to determine whether a biochemical factor, TGF-β1 (T), a biophysical agent, chondroitinase-ABC (C), and a collagen crosslinking enzyme, lysyl oxidase-like 2 (L) are efficacious in forming three-dimensional human neocartilage from expanded human articular chondrocytes. Among the treatment regimens, the combination of the three stimuli (TCL treatment) led to the most robust glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, total collagen content, and type II collagen production. Read More

Contact Dermatitis 2018 Nov 22. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Centre Anti Poison, Hôpital Fernand-Widal, Paris, France.

J Food Sci 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

the Konkuk Univ., Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, The Republic of Korea.

The presence of unwanted competing flora has been the most common confounding factor in the enumeration of Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) using selective media such as mannitol-yolk-polymyxin B agar (MYPA). The objective of this study was to improve MYPA selectivity for B. Read More

J Food Sci 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Inst. for Solid State Physics, The Univ. of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan.

Maturation provides whisky with a mild and smooth texture by removing the irritating alcoholic flavor. However, the precise mechanism by which the whisky flavor is improved through the maturation process remains unknown. In this study, we performed mesoscopic structural measurements-dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)-to elucidate the relationship between the liquid structure and flavor maturation of whiskies. Read More

Clin Exp Optom 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.

Background: To compare the repeatability and agreements of central corneal thickness measurements of healthy individuals obtained by Scheimpflug-Placido topographer (Sirius), anterior segment spectral domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis) (AS-OCT), optical biometry (AL-Scan) and ultrasonic pachymetry.

Methods: Sixty-four eyes of 32 subjects with no ocular or systemic diseases were included in this study. Central corneal thickness measurements performed with Sirius, AS-OCT, optical biometry AL-Scan and ultrasonic pachymetry were compared. Read More

J Food Sci 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

School of Agriculture and Food Science, Univ. College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, 4, Ireland.

A rapid microwave-assisted extraction and derivatization of three branched chain fatty acids (BCFA): 4-methyloctanoic acid (MOA), 4-ethyloctanoic acid (EOA) and 4-methylnonanoic acid (MNA) from subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of lamb was developed and validated. Linearity was excellent (R > 0.99), and the limits of detection and quantification (μg/mL) were between 0. Read More

Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Clinical Studies New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA, 19348.

Thoracic CT may be used in the workup of patients with pleural effusion. In humans, certain pleural features on CT aid in diagnosing an underlying cause for pleural effusion, whereas this is not well studied in veterinary medicine. This retrospective cross-sectional analytical study assessed pleural and other intrathoracic abnormalities on CT in dogs and cats with pleural effusion and explored potential discriminatory features between effusion types. Read More

Breast J 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.

Nipple-areolar complex reconstruction represents the final step in breast reconstruction. However, there is no gold standard nipple reconstruction technique that addresses the issue of blood circulation in the flap, which is the most basic complication. Nipple reconstruction was performed in 21 patients. Read More

J Food Sci 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Inst. of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Doswiadczalna 4, 20-290, Lublin, Poland.

The paper presents application of a new three-parameter method for identification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and creation of fingerprints based on the impregnation time (t ), cleaning time (t ), and maximum response ([ΔR/R] ) of chemically sensing sensors for detecting spoilage of agricultural commodities. The novelty of this method consists in the use of two additional parameters: an impregnation time and a cleaning time for the first time. An Agrinose built of eight metal oxide semiconductors was used for identification of loss in the rapeseed quality during a short period of storage after harvest. Read More

Int J Urol 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.

Semin Dial 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.

Hepatitis C direct acting antiviral (DAA) therapy has evolved so that infected patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) can now anticipate the opportunity for sustained virologic response equivalent to that of the broader population of patients with hepatitis C. This has revolutionized the field of transplantation as it relates to renal transplant candidates with hepatitis C and the use of grafts from hepatitis C virus (HCV) viremic donors. In treating this population of patients, special consideration must be given to the timing of anti-viral therapy and drug-drug interactions. Read More

Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2018 Dec 17:e3118. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.

Apolipoprotein CIII (ApoCIII), a small protein that resides on the surface of lipoprotein particles, is a key regulator of triglyceride metabolism. The inhibition of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), the increased assembly and secretion of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and the decreased reuptake of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) by the liver are mechanisms associating elevated serum ApoCIII levels and hypertriglyceridemia. ApoCIII concentration is high in individuals with diabetes mellitus indicating a possible positive correlation with impairment of glucose metabolism. Read More

J Food Sci 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Dept. of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam Natl. Univ., 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.

In this study, the phenolic components, as well as the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, of the ripe and unripe fruit of pawpaw (Asimina triloba [L.] Dunal) extracted using five different solvents (distilled water, 95% methanol, 80% methanol, 95% ethanol, and 80% ethanol) were analyzed. The total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were the highest in the 95% ethanol (149. Read More

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, AG Schizophrenieforschung; Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim / Universität Heidelberg.

The concept of mental disorder has many facets. Specific concepts of disease or disorder stand for individual entities, classified as diagnoses. Ideally, they are based on discrete physical, neurobiological or - as is the case with hereditary diseases - genetic findings. Read More

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Vitos Klinikum Gießen-Marburg, Vitos Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Gießen; Fachbereich Medizin, Philipps-Universität Marburg.

Background: In memory clinics, biomarker-based diagnostic tools for early detection and differential diagnosis of dementia are increasingly important, even if their acceptance by patients is relatively low.

Objective: The aim of study was to examine whether sociodemographic and clinical features of memory clinic patients are associated with acceptance of lumbar puncture (LP). Of particular interest was the patients' self-perception of memory decline (subjective memory impairment, SMI) accompanied by related concerns that might affect decision to consent to LP. Read More

Gesundheitswesen 2018 Dec 17;80(12):1107-1120. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

J Reconstr Microsurg 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background:  Due to the concern of circulation compromise, many surgeons hesitate to dangle or challenge the flap in the early postoperative phase. In our experience, early compression may have advantages such as collapse of dead space, evacuation of hematoma, reduction of edema, and stabilization of flap when ambulating. In this study, the effect of early compression of flaps with regard to flap physiology and outcome is evaluated. Read More

J Reconstr Microsurg 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Plastic Surgery and Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.

Background:  Abdominal wall morbidity following microvascular breast reconstruction continues to be an area of interest due to both functional and aesthetic concerns. Donor-site closure technique has been shown to affect bulge and hernia rates and ranges from primary closure to various uses of mesh. Few studies to date have compared types of mesh. Read More

J Reconstr Microsurg 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Background:  The use of flow-through flaps was popularized in the early 1990s by Costa, Soutar and Lamberty in cases where an arterial gap was present or a major artery of the limb was damaged. We hypothesized that flow-through flaps can be used in all extremity reconstruction cases, where there is an indication for a free-flap, irrespective of the existence of arterial defect due to its many advantages while not increasing the flap loss significantly.

Methods:  A retrospective study was performed by examining patient status and surgery reports of all patients who underwent extremity reconstruction with a flow-through flap from January 2011 to January 2016. Read More

J Reconstr Microsurg 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Catholic University Sacred Heart - Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy.

J Reconstr Microsurg 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta.

Background: The literature reports that people living with diabetes do not adhere to their prescribed therapeutic footwear as instructed. The reason for this is still uncertian although certain footwear characteristics seem to reasons reported leading to reduced level of adherence.

Objectives: To explore the reasons for current adherence or otherwise to prescribed stock footwear amongst patients living with type-2 diabetes. Read More

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Internal Medicine, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, The Netherlands.

Background: Insulin has to be transported across the capillary endothelium to stimulate muscle glucose uptake. We investigated insulin uptake from the peripheral circulation in non-diabetic (ND) individuals and in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients.

Methods: Single-center cross-sectional study involving 40 ND (age 65±11 years) and 30 T2D patients (age 67±8 years). Read More

Rofo 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University-Hospital-Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany.

Int J Sports Med 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.

Regular physical activity increases lifespan for those with type 1 diabetes. However, disease-related barriers may deter children from exercise and affect their fitness. This study examined the safety of the Cooper test concerning diabetes-related acute complications in children with type 1 diabetes and their fitness. Read More

Int J Sports Med 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

This study aimed to evaluate the associations of anthropometry, functional movement patterns (FMP) and physical performance characteristics with repeated-sprint ability (RSA) in male youth soccer players. Thirty six athletes (ages 16.6±0. Read More

Int J Sports Med 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

School of Health and Social Care, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

To evaluate the magnitude of the difference in VO between patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/ Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) and apparently healthy controls, 7 databases (Cochrane, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Knowledge, Embase, Scopus, Medline) were searched for articles published up to March 2018. Search terms included "chronic fatigue syndrom*"AND ("peak" OR "maxim*" OR "max") AND ("oxygen uptake" OR "oxygen consumption" OR "VO2peak" or "VO2max". Eligibility criteria were adults>18 y with clinically diagnosed CFS/ME, with VO measured in a maximal test and compared against an apparently healthy control group. Read More

Int J Sports Med 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, School of Physical Education and Sports, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), and blood pressure (BP) responses during and after circuit resistance training with 1 min. (CIR1) vs. 2 min. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2018 Dec 17;24:9177-9186. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).

BACKGROUND The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of hesperidin on hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced chondrocytes injury and cartilage degeneration in a rat model of osteoarthritis (OA). MATERIAL AND METHODS Chondrocytes were isolated from rat knee joints and treated with hesperidin alone or combined with H₂O₂. Then, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to assess cell viability. Read More

J Innate Immun 2018 Dec 17:1-13. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Platelet-dense (δ) granules are important for platelet function. Platelets contribute to host defense and vascular integrity during pneumonia and sepsis, and δ granule products, including adenosine diphosphate (ADP), can influence inflammatory responses. We therefore aimed to study the role of platelet δ granules in the host response during sepsis. Read More

Nephron 2018 Dec 17:1-10. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.

Aim: Aim of this study was to investigate the association of genetic variants of functional polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinase and Cubilin (CUBN) with diabetic nephropathy (DN), end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Caucasian type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients.

Methods: 472 T2D-patients were genotyped for 3 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; MMP-2 [rs2285053], MMP-9 [rs17576] and CUBN [rs1801239]). Genotyping was carried out by allelic discrimination using TaqMan SNP-genotyping-assay. Read More

Am J Nephrol 2018 Dec 17;49(1):54-63. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya,

Background: In pediatric patients with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome, recent trials have revealed that a 2-month, short-term steroid regimen is not inferior to an extended steroid course. However, the optimal duration of initial steroid therapy for adult steroid-sensitive minimal change disease (MCD) remains unclear.

Objectives: The aim of present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 2-month, short-term steroid regimen in the treatment of adult steroid-sensitive MCD patients. Read More

Am J Nephrol 2018 Dec 17;49(1):41-51. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei,

Background: Extensive studies have demonstrated that sleep is an important modulator of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, its impact on renal function remains uncertain.

Methods: A total of 26,249 adults aged ≥20 years were recruited through voluntary health examinations in Taiwan. Read More

Cardiology 2018 Dec 17;141(3):150-155. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Molecular Immunopathology and Histocompatibility Unit, Division of Molecular Genetics, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece.

Objective: We present the genotypic and phenotypic characterization of a family displaying dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Methods: The proband and his relatives underwent full cardiological assessment. Genetic analysis of the proband was performed with the use of next-generation sequencing technology. Read More

J Innate Immun 2018 Dec 17:1-11. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Département des Maladies Respiratoires, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France.

Background: The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family is involved in the recognition of and response to microbial infections. These receptors are expressed in leukocytes. TLR stimulation induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Read More

J Innate Immun 2018 Dec 17:1-10. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

The only clinical HIV vaccine trial to demonstrate efficacy, RV144, correlated protection with the antibodies (Abs) mediating function via the "constant" immunoglobulin region, the crystallizable fragment (Fc). These data have supported a focus on the induction of Abs by vaccines that trigger antiviral activities by relevant leukocytes via Fc receptors (FcRs). Neutrophils are phagocytes that comprise > 50% of leukocytes and display unique FcRs. Read More

J Innate Immun 2018 Dec 17:1-11. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Pathogenic bacteria have many strategies for causing disease in humans. One such strategy is the ability to live both as single-celled motile organisms or as part of a community of bacteria called a biofilm. Biofilms are frequently adhered to biotic or abiotic surfaces and are extremely antibiotic resistant. Read More

J Innate Immun 2018 Dec 17:1-17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,

Exposition of neutrophils (polymorphonuclear neutrophils, PMNs) to bacterial products triggers exacerbated activation of these cells, increasing their harmful effects on host tissues. We evaluated the possibility of interfering with the classic immune innate responses of human PMNs exposed to bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS), and further stimulated with bacterial formyl peptide (N-formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine, fMLP). We showed that the low- molecular-weight fucoidan (LMW-Fuc), a polysaccharide extracted from brown algae, attenuated the exacerbated activation induced by fMLP on LPS-primed PMNs, in vitro, impairing chemotaxis, NET formation, and the pro-survival and pro-oxidative effects. Read More

Cell Physiol Biochem 2018 Dec 17;51(6):2509-2522. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou,

Background/aims: Drug resistance remains a main obstacle to the treatment of non- small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study was to identify the expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in drug-resistant NSCLC cell lines.

Methods: The expression profiles of miRNAs in drug-resistant NSCLC cell lines were examined using miRNA sequencing, and the common dysregulated miRNAs in these cell lines were identified and analyzed by bioinformatics methods. Read More

Am J Nephrol 2018 Dec 17;49(1):64-73. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.

Background: Medicare uses a quality incentive program (QIP) criteria to evaluate care in dialysis facilities and apply monetary penalties on underperforming facilities. Smaller dialysis facilities are likely to be rural and operate on lower profit margin; therefore, such facilities are likely to underperform and face Medicare penalties. The variation in QIP scores by facility size is not yet known. Read More

J Phys Condens Matter 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Applied Physics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Nagoya, JAPAN.

Using a multi-orbital tight-binding model, we have studied the edge states of zigzag silicene, germanene, and stanene nanoribbons (ZSiNRs, ZGeNRs and ZSnNRs, respectively) in the presence of the Coulomb interaction and a vertical electric field. The resulting edge states have non-linear energy dispersions due to multi-orbital effects, and the nanoribbons show induced magnetization at the edges. Owing to this non-linear dispersion, ZSiNRs, ZGeNRs and ZSnNRs may not provide superior performance in field effect transistors, as has been proposed from single-orbital tight-binding model calculations. Read More