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Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2018 Dec 27;11(4):296-301. Epub 2017 Oct 27.

Odontology School of Pontificial Catholic University of Minas Gerais (PUC - MG), Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation, or luxation, occurs when the condyle crosses the articular eminence in such a way that it does not return to its correct anatomical position, unless aided by a reduction in external forces for TMJ. The diagnosis of condylar luxation is clinical; however, image exams are important in classifying the types of condylar luxation and associated fractures. Displacement of the TMJ can occur due to either an exaggerated mouth opening or a forced opening and occasionally is associated with a high-impact trauma to the jaw, the latter being an extremely rare condition. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019 Jan 20;77(1):132.e1-132.e16. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, and Staff of Service of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital da Restauração, Recife, Brazil.

Purpose: Traumatic dislocation of the mandibular condyle into the middle cranial fossa (DMCCF) is a rare event after maxillofacial trauma. Treatment may be performed with closed or open reduction (with or without craniotomy), and arthroplasty procedures might be necessary for long-standing cases. The aims of this study were to perform an integrative review of traumatic DMCCF cases reported in an electronic database and to report a case in which cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred after open treatment. Read More

Cranio 2018 Aug 30:1-8. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

d Department of Dentistry, Craniofacial Pain Applied to Dentistry, Dentistry Faculty , Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil.

Objective: To evaluate joint effusion and positioning of the articular disc through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and after two different arthrocentesis techniques.

Methods: Twenty-six patients with dislocation of the articular disc without reduction (ADDwoR) were included and randomly divided into two groups: single needle arthrocentesis with distention of the upper compartment of the TMJ (A1) and conventional arthrocentesis with 2 needles (A2).

Results: A statistically significant difference was observed between the different effusion categories (p = 0. Read More

Acta Med Acad 2018 May;47(1):139-143

Department of Anatomy, Medical School Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.

Mandibular dislocation remains an acute medical condition in maxillofacial surgery. Since the Hippocratic era its reduction has been performed exactly in the same way it is now performed in modern surgery. We report an example of an elderly female patient with bilateral mandibular dislocation, who came to our department and was treated under sedation using the Hippocratic bimanual intraoral technique by two medical personnel, depicting the timeless usage of the method. Read More

J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2018 Aug 5;46(8):1185-1191. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Italy.

Intra-Articular Temporo-Mandibular Disorders (TMD) are characterized by displacement of the disc that causes the condyles to slip back over the disc thus resulting in TMJ discal damage and erosion of the condyle's bone. The etiology of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is multidimensional: biomechanical, neuromuscular, bio-psychosocial and biological factors may contribute to the disorder. The study involved 46 joints in 27 patients with a diagnosis of Intra-Articular Temporo-Mandibular Disorders (TMD) according to Axis I of Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) for Clinical and Research Applications and underwent surgery between 2011 and 2014. Read More

Indian J Plast Surg 2017 May-Aug;50(2):207-212

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry, India.

Introduction: Condylar fractures of the mandible are functionally important fractures as the condyle of the mandible being a part of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and can lead to TMJ dysfunction if not properly treated.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of a total of 33 treated patients with fracture of the mandibular condyle who underwent examination as per the Helkimo index. Their dysfunction was quantified and clinicoepidemiological characteristics were assessed. Read More

J Appl Oral Sci 2017 Sep-Oct;25(5):483-489

Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, Center for TMD & Orofacial Pain and Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Beijing, China.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of bite positions characterizing different splint treatments (anterior repositioning and stabilization splints) on the disc-condyle relation in patients with TMJ disc displacement with reduction (DDwR), using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Material And Methods: 37 patients, with a mean age of 18.8±4. Read More

J Oral Rehabil 2017 Dec 6;44(12):957-963. Epub 2017 Oct 6.

Independent Unit of Propedeutics of Dental and Maxillofacial Radiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.

The most common temporomandibular joint (TMJ) internal derangement is an abnormal relationship of the disc with respect to the mandibular condyle, articular eminence and glenoid fossa-disc displacement. The aim of our study was to analyse the correlation between partial/complete disc displacement in the intercuspal position (IP) and its reduction in the open-mouth position (OMP) in both oblique sagittal and coronal planes on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with temporomandibular disorders. Multisection MRI analysis of 382 TMJs was conducted in 191 patients with disc displacement according to the RDC/TMD criteria (148 women, 43 men; aged 14-60 years). Read More

J Oral Rehabil 2017 Sep 2;44(9):664-672. Epub 2017 Jul 2.

Center for TMD & Orofacial Pain, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.

Anterior repositioning splints (ARS) are used primarily for the management of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDwR). However, the exact physiological effects of ARS are still unclear. This study investigated the short and long-term effects of ARS on disc and condyle angles/positions by metric analysis. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017 Oct 15;75(10):2183.e1-2183.e6. Epub 2017 May 15.

Postgraduate Trainee, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Regional Dental College, Guwahati, Assam, India.

Dislocation of the mandibular condyle from the glenoid fossa can occur in anterior, posterior, lateral, and superior directions. Posterior, lateral, and superior dislocations are rare. Superolateral dislocation is seldom encountered in clinical practice. Read More

J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2018 Dec 6;46(12):1989-1995. Epub 2017 Jun 6.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, (Head and Chair: Univ. Prof. A. Neff), UKGM GmbH, University Hospital of Marburg, Faculty of Medicine, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany.

Purpose: The purpose of this preliminary study was to evaluate intraarticular soft tissues of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using intraoperative arthroscopy during open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of condylar head fractures (CHF).

Materials And Methods: 26 patients (29 joints) were diagnosed in period of 5 years (2011-2015) with CHF, 5 patients had concomitant mandibular fracture. Fractures were diagnosed on basis of conventional orthopantomogram (OPG) and computed tomography (CT). Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017 Jun 6;75(6):1238.e1-1238.e7. Epub 2017 Feb 6.

Dental Student (Class of 2019), Medical University of South Carolina School of Dentistry, Charleston, SC.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of direct transcortical stabilization of fracture dislocations of the mandibular condyle (FDMCs) using narrow-diameter non-threaded Kirschner wire (K-wire).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective review reports on the treatment outcomes for 12 patients (15 fractures) with FDMCs treated with open reduction using transcortical 0.027-inch K-wire stabilization. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2017 Feb 8;23:712-718. Epub 2017 Feb 8.

Department of Stomatology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).

BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the criterion standard imaging technique for visualization of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) region, and is currently considered the optimum modality for comprehensive evaluation in patients with temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD). This study was aimed at finding the value of MRI in pre-clinical diagnosis of TMJ disc displacement. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients primarily diagnosed as having anterior disc displacement by clinical symptoms and X-ray were selected in the present study. Read More

Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 2016 Oct;25(5):570-573

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Shanghai 200011, China E-mail:

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the short-term efficiency of mandibular manipulation technique combined with exercise therapy and splint treatment of acute anterior TMJ disc displacement without reduction (ADDW), and TMJ disc-condyle relationship by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Forty-four patients (37 females, 7 males) were diagnosed as acute ADDW and confirmed by MRI. All patients underwent mandibular manipulation, combined with exercise therapy, including jaw movement exercise, stabilization exercise, disc reposition exercise, and splint treatment. Read More

J Contemp Dent Pract 2017 01 1;18(1):78-79. Epub 2017 Jan 1.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Mangaluru, Karnataka India, e-mail:

Introduction: Mandibular dislocation occurs when the condylar head glides out of the glenoid fossa with the condyle positioned in such a way that its posterior articulating surface lying ahead of the articular eminence. Recurrent mandibular dislocation is relatively uncommon. Patient is extremely distressed and goes through a lot of discomfort. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2016 Jun;27(4):919-22

*The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education †Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma and Plastic Aesthetic Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.

Objective: To comparatively assess the effectiveness of the supine position technique versus the conventional method, for the manual reduction of acute nontraumatic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation.

Methods: This randomized single blind trial included a total of 40 patients, aged 18 to 80 years presenting with acute nontraumatic TMJ dislocation. Based on the randomization procedure, patients were treated with either conventional method or the supine position technique method. Read More

Dent Traumatol 2017 Feb 20;33(1):64-70. Epub 2016 May 20.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, MP, India.

Temporomandibular joint dislocation refers to the dislodgement of mandibular condyle from the glenoid fossa. Anterior and anteromedial dislocations of the mandibular condyle are frequently reported in the literature, but superolateral dislocation is a rare presentation. This report outlines a case of superolateral dislocation of an intact mandibular condyle that occurred in conjunction with an ipsilateral mandibular parasymphysis fracture. Read More

Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016 Oct 17;45(10):1222-8. Epub 2016 May 17.

Department of Dentistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.

The objective of this study was to analyse the correlation between the gender and age of individuals with arthrogenic temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. A total of 199 patients were included in the study and were divided into four age groups: group A, ≤30 years; group B, 31-44 years; group C, 45-55 years; group D, ≥56 years. MRI scans were analysed for the presence or absence of the following conditions: morphological changes in the mandibular condyle and/or articular tubercle, disc displacement with (DDWR) and without reduction (DDWoR), bone oedema, effusion, and avascular necrosis. Read More

Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016 Aug;24(4):273-8

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Fractures of the mandibular condyle have provided a lasting source of controversy in the field of facial trauma. Concerns regarding facial nerve injury as well as reasonable functional outcomes with closed management led to a reluctance to treat with an open operative intervention. This article reviews how incorporating new technologies and surgical methods have changed the treatment paradigm. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg 2016 Jun;137(6):1813-21

Baltimore, Md.; and New York, N.Y. From the Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Reconstructive Surgery and the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine; the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital; and the Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center.

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with the decision to perform open reduction and internal fixation of mandibular condylar fractures.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with mandibular condylar fractures managed by the plastic and reconstructive surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and otorhinolaryngology services over a 15-year period. Bivariate associations and a multiple logistic regression model were computed for injury characteristics that were associated with open reduction and internal fixation. Read More

Indian J Palliat Care 2015 Sep-Dec;21(3):355-7

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, All Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Mandibular nerve block is periodically used procedure used to treat neuralgic pain in the distribution of trigeminal nerve. It is a commonly performed block in outpatient settings at our institute. We present a case of an elderly edentulous patient with trigeminal neuralgia who suffered recurrent temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation following mandibular nerve block. Read More

Dental Press J Orthod 2015 Oct;20(5):101-7

Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Introduction: Disc displacement without reduction with limited opening is an intracapsular biomechanical disorder involving the condyle-disc complex. With the mouth closed, the disc is in an anterior position in relation to the condylar head and does not reduce with mouth opening. This disorder is associated with persistent limited mandibular opening. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016 Mar 26;74(3):569-81. Epub 2015 Oct 26.

Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Boston University, School of Dental Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA.

Purpose: Traumatic injuries of the mandible resulting in intrusion of the condyle into the middle cranial fossa are rare and treatment is often based on anecdotal experience. The objective of this study was to develop an algorithm for the management of condylar intrusion injuries by identifying factors that influenced the treatment decision of closed versus open reduction of the condyle.

Materials And Methods: This study was a systematic review of the literature on intracranial intrusion injuries of the mandibular condyle. Read More

World Neurosurg 2016 Feb 11;86:514.e1-11. Epub 2015 Sep 11.

Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Intracranial dislocation of the mandibular condyle is an infrequent injury that can follow traumatic upward force at the chin. A limited number of cases have been reported, and an individualized approach for patients is often recommended. Nevertheless, several consistent strategies for reduction have emerged. Read More

J Appl Oral Sci 2015 Oct 21;23(5):529-35. Epub 2015 Jul 21.

Department of Prosthodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.

Objective: The benefit of the use of some intraoral devices in arthrogenous temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients is still unknown. This study assessed the effectiveness of the partial use of intraoral devices and counseling in the management of patients with disc displacement with reduction (DDWR) and arthralgia.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 DDWR and arthralgia patients were randomly divided into three groups: group I (n=20) wore anterior repositioning occlusal splints (ARS); group II (n=20) wore the Nociceptive Trigeminal Inhibition Clenching Suppression System devices (NTI-tss); and group III (n=20) only received counseling for behavioral changes and self-care (the control group). Read More

Br Dent J 2015 Jul;218(12):691-3

KNH Centre for Biomedical Egyptology, Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester/Dental Surgeon.

The first known recorded evidence for the reduction of a mandibular joint dislocation is documented in a papyrus dated to c. 1500 BC that originated from ancient Egypt. This same technique was later discussed by Hippocrates in Greece and the Hippocratic corpus is referred to in early Islamic writings. Read More

Acta Stomatol Croat 2015 Jun;49(2):119-27

- Croatian Academy of Medical Sciences.

Objective: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are the most common source of orofacial pain of a non-dental origin. The study was performed to investigate the therapeutic effect of the conventional occlusal splint therapy and the physical therapy. The hypothesis tested was that the simultaneous use of occlusal splint and physical therapy is an effective method for treatment of anterior disc displacement without reduction. Read More

Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac Chir Orale 2015 Jun 16;116(3):166-9. Epub 2015 May 16.

Service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; UPMC université Paris 06, 4, place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France. Electronic address:

Introduction: Superolateral disclocations of the temporomandibular joint are rare. They mostly occur after high-energy trauma and are frequently associated with fractures of the mandibular body.

Case Report: A 35-year-old man was admitted for the management of a high-energy craniofacial trauma due to a road accident. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015 Aug 14;73(8):1563.e1-16. Epub 2015 Apr 14.

Associate Professor and Department Head, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital, Kartal, İstanbul, Turkey.

Dislocation of the mandibular condyle into the middle cranial fossa is rare, and the number of cases discussed in published studies is limited. Various treatment routes have been suggested, and the entire published data are based on the presentations of single cases. The present report presents 2 cases of dislocation of the mandibular condyle into the middle cranial fossa. Read More

Cranio 2015 Apr 14;33(2):142-7. Epub 2014 Apr 14.

Aims: The treatment of long-standing dislocation of the temporomandibular joint is broadly classified into open reduction and closed reduction. The current study presents a case of long-standing dislocation of the temporomandibular joint treated 3 years after dislocation. In this study, the authors evaluated the long-term outcome of conservative reduction by lever action of chronic bilateral mandibular condyle dislocation. Read More

BMC Surg 2015 Mar 8;15:16. Epub 2015 Mar 8.

Maxillofacial Surgery Department and Dentistry Department, University Hospital of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.

Background: In Literature fractures of the mandible that involve the condyle ranges from 20% to 35% and various possible surgical options are described according to the varying pathological situations. Up to the present, numerous techniques have been used for the surgical treatment of condylar fractures. In this article we are proposing the combination of two surgical techniques as therapy for extra-capsular condylar fractures with dislocation. Read More

J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2015 Mar 1;14(Suppl 1):267-70. Epub 2013 Feb 1.

Department of OMFS, College of Dental Surgery, B P Koirala Institute of Health Science, Dharan, Nepal.

A temporomadibular joint (TMJ) dislocation is a condition in which the mandibular condyle is displaced from its articulations and requires manipulation by another individual to return to its normal position. TMJ dislocation is subdivided into acute, chronic recurrent or chronic persistent dislocations. Conservative (closed) or surgical (open) manipulation may be required to reduce the dislocated condyle. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2015 Sep 4;33(9):1327.e3. Epub 2015 Mar 4.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Emam Khomeini Hospital, Medical Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Electronic address:

J Craniofac Surg 2015 Mar;26(2):e181-5

From the Department of Oral and Cranio-maxillofacial Science, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Objectives: To evaluate the treatment methods of mandibular symphyseal fracture combined with dislocated intracapsular condylar fractures (MSF&DICF) and to compare the effect of different treatment methods of condylar fractures.

Methods: Twenty-eight patients with MSF&DICF were included in this study. Twenty-two sites were treated by open reduction, and all the medial condylar fragments were fixed with titanium screws; whereas the other 22 sites underwent close treatment. Read More

Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac Chir Orale 2015 Apr 3;116(2):106-10. Epub 2015 Mar 3.

Service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale et stomatologie, Hôtel-Dieu, CHU, 1, place Alexis-Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes cedex 1, France.

Introduction: Chronic dislocation of the temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) is rare. It occurs when an acute dislocation is left untreated, in certain situations, including severe illness, neurologic or psychiatric diseases or prolonged oral intubation.

Case Report: A 79 years old woman, with Meige syndrome, suffered from bilateral dislocation of the TMJ for over 1 year. Read More

J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2015 May 29;43(4):448-51. Epub 2015 Jan 29.

Post- Graduate, ITS-Dental College, Murad Nagar, Ghaziabad, UP, India.

Purpose: The aim of this prospective randomized controlled study was to evaluate the superiority of open method of treatment of mandibular condylar fracture over closed method of treatment by comparing them.

Methods And Patients: Out of a total of 50 randomized patients fractures of the mandibular condylar process completed the study and were evaluated. All fractures were displaced, being either angulated between 10° and 45°. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2015 Mar;26(2):447-8

From the State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the results in isolated mandibular angle fractures treated with resorbable plates and to summarize experiences of the application of resorbable plates.

Patients And Methods: Ten patients (6 men and 4 women) with isolated displaced mandibular angle fracture were included in this case series. Open reduction by intraoral or extraoral approach was performed, and the fractures were fixed using single or dual resorbable plates. Read More

Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015 Jul 7;44(7):864-70. Epub 2015 Feb 7.

Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University First Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing, PR China.

This study summarizes our experience of treating three rare cases of traumatic superior dislocation of the mandibular condyle into the cranial fossa and provides a potential treatment algorithm. Between the years 2002 and 2012, three patients with traumatic superior dislocation of the mandibular condyle into the cranial fossa were admitted to our department. After evaluating the interval from injury to treatment, the associated facial injuries including neurological complications, and the computed tomography imaging findings, an individualized treatment plan was developed for each patient. Read More

J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2015 Apr 20;43(3):402-7. Epub 2014 Dec 20.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Plot 32, 34, Knowledge Park 3, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201308, India.

Purpose: To document facial nerve (FN) injuries after surgical treatment of mandibular condylar fractures using the retromandibular transparotid approach and to identify risk factors associated with these injuries.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of patients surgically treated for mandibular condylar fractures using the retromandibular transparotid approach over seven years was conducted. The primary study variable was the postoperative change in FN function after fracture fixation. Read More

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015 Jan;147(1):72-9

Professor, Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address:

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate craniocervical posture and hyoid bone position in orthodontic patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc displacement.

Methods: The subjects consisted of 170 female orthodontic patients who consented to bilateral magnetic resonance imaging of their TMJs. They were divided into 3 groups based on the results of magnetic resonance imaging of their TMJs: bilateral normal disc position, bilateral disc displacement with reduction, and bilateral disc displacement without reduction. Read More

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2015 Mar 22;68(3):e55-6. Epub 2014 Nov 22.

Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital, Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Kartal, İstanbul, Turkey.

Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015 Feb 7;53(2):114-20. Epub 2014 Nov 7.

Division of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan. Electronic address:

We investigated the correlation between the antioxidant capacity of synovial fluid and radiological findings of intra-articular structures in patients with disorders of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). We recruited 21 patients (9 men and 12 women, aged 18-84 years of age) with such disorders, excluding myofascial pain and dysfunction syndrome, or other muscular disorders. The clinical variables recorded included age, sex, interincisal distance, and visual analogue pain scores (VAS). Read More

J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2015 Jan 23;43(1):53-6. Epub 2014 Oct 23.

University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, ''P. & A. Kyriakou'' Children's Hospital (Head: Prof. I. Iatrou), Dental School, University of Athens, Greece.

Unlabelled: Treatment modalities of mandibular angle fractures (MAFs) have been analyzed in several studies mainly referring to adult populations.

Aim: The aim of this study was to retrospectively present and discuss our experience and literature findings regarding the treatment of MAFs in children.

Patients And Methods: Data were retrieved from the files of the Oral and Maxillofacial department, at the Children's Hospital ''P. Read More

J Can Dent Assoc 2014 ;80:e60

Louisiana State University School of Dentistry, New Orleans, LA, USA.

J Oral Facial Pain Headache 2014 ;28(4):331-7

Aims: To assess the prevalence of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) bony changes in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of adult subjects without ongoing orofacial pain or complaints from the TMJ.

Methods: The study included 84 TMJs from 28 men and 14 women (mean age [± SD]: 51 ± 11 years) without orofacial pain or TMJ complaints who were participants in a study of patients with obstructive sleep apnea. They were examined before any treatment with the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders and with CBCT (NewTom VGi; 15 × 15 cm, exposure time 18 seconds, axial thickness 0. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2014 Nov;25(6):2077-80

From the *Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University; †Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China; and ‡Department of Stomatology, First Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China.

Background: To take surgical treatment or non-surgical treatment on condylar fracture, clinicians are faced with a difficult choice. Traditional treatment on condylar fracture advocated non-surgical treatment, including intermaxillary traction and intermaxillary fixation, which relies mainly on condylar rebuilt. In recent years, with the development of rigid internal fixation, open reduction and internal fixation technique has been well applied in the treatment of condylar fracture and has obtained an optimistic therapeutic effect. Read More

Head Face Med 2014 Oct 9;10:42. Epub 2014 Oct 9.

Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.

Objective: To evaluate efficiency of pivot splints in jaw exercises, in combination with stabilization splints, in cases of anterior disc displacement without reduction of temporomandibular joint.

Subjects And Methods: Twenty-three patients who referred to the prosthodontics clinic in 1995-1997 were included in the study, where anterior disc displacement without reduction of temporomandibular joint was diagnosed using magnetic resonance imaging and clinical examination. Pivot splints were used for jaw exercises for five minutes long; five times/day and stabilization splints were used at all other times. Read More

J Clin Pediatr Dent 2014 ;38(3):269-76

Unlabelled: This study determines the frequency and relationship between disk position and degenerative bone changes in temporomandibular joints in children and adolescent patients with internal derangement. Study design: TMJ, MRI of 88 patients were analyzed (average age: 14.7 years-old, range age: 10-18 years-old), female n = 65 (73. Read More

J Oral Pathol Med 2015 Jan 28;44(1):75-9. Epub 2014 Jul 28.

Department of Oral Sciences, Oral Surgery, Marquette University, School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA.

Purpose: Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are tissue-remodeling enzymes that function during the remodeling process, such as in immune-inflammatory diseases. Metalloprotease-2 (MMP-2) and metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9) are gelatinases that degrade several types of extracellular matrix collagen. It is hypothesized that in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression levels may be elevated. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2014 Jul;25(4):e382-4

From the *Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dicle University Medical Faculty, Diyarbakir; †Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.

Superolateral and anterolateral dislocations of the intact mandibular condyle can be easily overlooked because of their rarity among maxillofacial injuries. In this report, we present the surgery of delayed anterosuperior dislocation of intact mandibular condyle into the temporal fossa. A 17-year-old adolescent girl with anterosuperior dislocation of left intact condyle and associated mandible and zygomatic body fracture underwent surgery 33 days after trauma because of priority accompanied life-threatening intracranial and intra-abdominal injuries. Read More