Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

J Psychosom Res 2021 Jun 8;147:110541. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, United States; School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, United States. Electronic address:

Background: Studies assessing sex differences in the associations of psychosocial strain with depression have shown mixed and inconsistent results. Our objective was to examine prospective associations of job strain and family strain with risk of major depressive episode (MDE) among United States workers, as well as assess potential effect modification by sex.

Methods: Using data from the nationally representative and population-based Mid-life in the United States (MIDUS) study with a prospective cohort design and a 9-year follow-up period, the effects of job strain and family strain at baseline on risk of MDE within the 12 months prior to the follow-up assessment were examined in 1581 workers (805 men, 776 women) who were free from MDE within the 12 months prior to the baseline survey, by multivariate Poisson regression analysis. Read More

Workplace Health Saf 2021 Jul;69(7):343

Arch Environ Occup Health 2021 Jun 15:1-18. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ch. Ranbir Singh State Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jhajjar, Haryana, India.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are the most common health issues around the globe and a major cause of disability among workers. In developing countries, most casting industries fall under Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs); SMEs lack modern equipment and often intensively rely on manual labor. As processes are mainly labor intensive, workers employed in the metal casting sector are often at risk of MSDs. Read More

Autism 2021 Jun 15:13623613211024492. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA.

Lay Abstract: Among people with autism-all who have the same diagnosis-there are major differences on a nearly limitless number of areas, such as language, daily living skills, intellectual ability, sensory difficulties, and physical and mental health diagnoses. Despite these many differences, the targeted outcomes of intervention studies are often measured the same way across autistic adults, including outcomes such as getting a job, achieving greater independence, or getting more services. People have different goals and abilities, and it is important to have a way for intervention studies to measure outcomes in a way that is more personal to each individual. Read More

Am J Health Promot 2021 Jun 15:8901171211024416. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

MHealthy, Health and Well-Being Services, 1259University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Purpose: This study examines the association between sources of stress and perceptions of organizational and supervisor support for health and well-being.

Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional analysis.

Setting: Large university in the mid-western United States. Read More

Clin Psychol Psychother 2021 Jun 14. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.

Although it is well established that emotion-focused coping is associated with burnout, the schema therapy model may improve the prediction of who is most vulnerable to using emotion-focused coping and what kinds of emotion-focused coping carry the greatest risk of burnout. It is also unknown the extent to which resilience might buffer against maladaptive coping in protecting against burnout. The present study investigated whether maladaptive coping modes would incrementally predict emotional exhaustion (EE) adjusting for resilience and whether resilience might moderate the effect of maladaptive coping on EE. Read More

Am J Ind Med 2021 Jun 14. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Downstate School of Public Health, State University of New York (SUNY), Brooklyn, New York, USA.

Background: Our objective was to examine occupational risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders of the shoulders, elbows, wrists, and hands among railroad maintenance-of-way (MOW) workers. Little systematic research on musculoskeletal disorders has been conducted in this occupational group.

Methods: In total, 3995 active members of the Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way Employes Division (BMWED) completed a standardized survey focusing on disorders caused by hand-transmitted vibration. Read More

Mindfulness (N Y) 2021 Jun 10:1-9. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

Objectives: Mindfulness practice has been recommended as part of health and social care education and training because of its potential benefits in fostering clinical skills and attitudes, increasing self-care, and reducing the effect of stress in education and occupation. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program on stress, physical distress, job burnout, work engagement, and empathy for health and social care education.

Methods: Students ( = 124) from postgraduate programs in social work, counseling, and family therapy were recruited. Read More

Ann Emerg Med 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

College of Nursing, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM.

Study Objective: In a large-scale disaster, recruiting from all retired and nonworking registered nurses is one strategy to address surge demands in the emergency nursing workforce. The purpose of this research was to estimate the workforce capacity of all registered nurses who are not currently working in the nursing field in the United States by state of residence and to describe the job mobility of emergency nurses.

Methods: Weighted population estimates were calculated using the 2018 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses. Read More

Hum Factors 2021 Jun 14:187208211006500. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

26682 Chiang Mai University, Thailand.

Objective: This review evaluates the evidence on the strength of causal relationship between categories of risk factors (RFs) and work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) among professional drivers.

Background: A compilation of evidence on the causal relationship between RFs and WRMSDs among professional drivers is lacking.

Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted in major electronic data bases that include Medline (1946 + via OvidSP), Embase (1974 + OvidSP), CINAHL (1982+), AMED, and Web of Science. Read More

Am J Ind Med 2021 Jun 14. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Introduction: The future of work is characterized by changes that could disrupt all aspects of the nature and availability of work. Our study aims to understand how the future of work could result in conditions, which contribute to vulnerability for different groups of workers.

Methods: A horizon scan was conducted to systematically identify and synthesize diverse sources of evidence, including academic and gray literature and resources shared over social media. Read More

J Cancer Surviv 2021 Jun 14. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

UTHealth School of Public Health in San Antonio, 7411 John Smith Dr., Ste 1100, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.

Purpose: We explored adolescent and young adult cancer survivor (AYA) experiences with COVID-19 to understand the impact of living through a pandemic, unmet needs, and coping strategies.

Methods: AYAs were recruited nationally, completed an online survey, and attended one of six online focus groups. We used qualitative content analysis to analyze focus group data. Read More

J Occup Rehabil 2021 Jun 14. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Elborn College, Western University, London, ON, Canada.

Purpose This cross-sectional study aimed to determine if age and perceived job exertion (PJE) moderate the effect of gender on upper extremity (UE) disorders in injured workers. Methods We sampled a consecutive cohort of patients attending a specialty clinic for injured workers with UE musculoskeletal problems. We measured UE disability and pain using the Quick Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QDASH). Read More

RSC Med Chem 2021 Mar 24;12(5):646-665. Epub 2021 Mar 24.

School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University Bedson Building Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK

The reconnection of the scientific community with phenotypic drug discovery has created exciting new possibilities to develop therapies for diseases with highly complex biology. It promises to revolutionise fields such as neurodegenerative disease and regenerative medicine, where the development of new drugs has consistently proved elusive. Arguably, the greatest challenge in readopting the phenotypic drug discovery approach exists in establishing a crucial chain of translatability between phenotype and benefit to patients in the clinic. Read More

Front Big Data 2021 26;4:622106. Epub 2021 May 26.

Department of Industrial Engineering and Business Information Systems, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.

This article discusses possible search engine page rank biases as a consequence of search engine profile information. After describing search engine biases, their causes, and their ethical implications, we present data about the Google search engine (GSE) and DuckDuckGo (DDG) for which only the first uses profile data for the production of page ranks. We analyze 408 search engine screen prints of 102 volunteers (53 male and 49 female) on queries for job search and political participation. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2021 25;2021:6650333. Epub 2021 May 25.

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia.

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are prevalent in Ethiopia and elsewhere among different population groups particularly among female sex workers (FSWs). Because of their work and their behavior, FSWs are at high risk to acquire STIs. The aim of the study was to assess the seroprevalence and associated factors of HIV, HBV, HCV, and among FSWs in Dessie City, Northeast Ethiopia. Read More

Front Public Health 2021 26;9:566700. Epub 2021 May 26.

Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.

In times of global public health emergency, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses stand at the front line, working in close contact with infected individuals. Being actively engaged in fighting against COVID-19 exposes nurses to a high risk of being infected but can also have a serious impact on their mental health, as they are faced with excessive workload and emotional burden in many front-line operating contexts. The aim of the study is to analyze how risk factors such as perceived impact, preparedness to the pandemic, and worries were associated with mental health outcomes (crying, rumination and stress) in nurses. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2021 Apr 29;10(4):1731-1736. Epub 2021 Apr 29.

Medical Student, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Wound care is observed to be one of the major challenge in health-care system. Wound infection is one of the major issues in medical treatment. There is limited information regarding knowledge and attitude of patients regarding care of traumatic wound. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2021 Apr 29;10(4):1649-1655. Epub 2021 Apr 29.

Department of Public Health Dentistry, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Aim And Objectives: To assess the factors and perception of various stakeholders on the integration of oral health into the national health schemes using a mixed-method research design.

Materials And Method: A mixed-method study was carried out in 2018 in two phases. In the first phase of the study, a pretested and prevalidated self-designed close-ended questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge, attitude, perception, barriers, myths, and feasibility of the integration of oral health in national health schemes. Read More

J Eye Mov Res 2021 May 19;14(1). Epub 2021 May 19.

Department of Cognitive Science, Middle East Technical University, Turkey.

We report the results of an empirical study on gaze aversion during dyadic human-to-human conversation in an interview setting. To address various methodological challenges in assessing gaze-to-face contact, we followed an approach where the experiment was conducted twice, each time with a different set of interviewees. In one of them the interviewer's gaze was tracked with an eye tracker, and in the other the interviewee's gaze was tracked. Read More

Front Psychol 2021 26;12:664453. Epub 2021 May 26.

Department of Quality and Patient Safety, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.

This intervention study examined the effects of a career crafting training on physicians' perceptions of their job crafting behaviors, career self-management, and employability. A total of 154 physicians working in two hospitals in a large Dutch city were randomly assigned to a waitlist control group or an intervention group. Physicians in the intervention group received an accredited training on career crafting, including a mix of theory, self-reflection, and exercises. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2021 28;12:669106. Epub 2021 May 28.

Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised significant concerns regarding the effect of social disruptions on parental mental health, family well-being, and children's adjustment. Due to the pace of the pandemic, measures of pandemic-related disruption have not been subject to rigorous empirical validation. To address this gap, a multi-national sample (United Kingdom, 76%; United States, 19%; Canada, 4%, and Australia, 1%) of 372 female caregivers and 158 male caregivers of 5-18-year-old children was recruited online. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2021 28;12:669009. Epub 2021 May 28.

Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.

Frontline healthcare workers face unprecedented stress from the current SARS COV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic. Hospital systems need to develop support programs to help frontline staff deal with this stress. The purpose of this article is to describe a support program for front line healthcare workers. Read More

J Neurogenet 2021 Jun 12:1-3. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

I am often asked how our mother inspired my sister Moriah and me to want to become scientists. She never directly suggested we should go down that path. Instead, she shared the aspects of the natural world, that she loved, with us while keeping the non-science aspects of her job separate from our lives at home. Read More

Int Rev Psychiatry 2021 Jun 14:1-26. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.

People with psychosis can experience social functioning impairments. Virtual reality (VR) has been used to assess and treat these difficulties. This systematic review (Prospero CRD42015026288) provides an evaluation of these VR applications. Read More

Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2021 Jun 12. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

Introduction: Graft survival in pediatric kidney transplant patients has increased significantly within the last three decades, correlating with the discovery and utilization of new immunosuppressants as well as improvements in patient care. Despite these developments in graft survival for patients, there is still improvement needed, particularly in long-term care in pediatric patients receiving grafts from deceased donor patients. Maintenance immunosuppressive therapies have narrow therapeutic indices and are associated with high inter-individual and intra-individual variability. Read More

Int J Clin Pharm 2021 Jun 13. Epub 2021 Jun 13.

School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Defensive practice is prevalent across healthcare disciplines and much study has been performed on this behaviour in medicine and nursing. However, little research has been carried out on defensive practice in pharmacy, despite its potential to increase healthcare costs, reduce quality of care and affect pharmacist job satisfaction. With a more litigious society emerging and greater level of regulation, the pharmacy profession shares many of the influences of defensive practice identified in other healthcare professions. Read More

Work 2021 Jun 5. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

School of Medicine, York University, Toronto, Canada.

Background: Under the background of the information society, teachers' pressure from work and life is increasing. Meanwhile, the working pressure has a potential inevitable connection with the physical and mental health of teachers.

Objective: To analyze the correlation between working pressure of workers and mental health status, expand the application of the job demand-resource stress (JD-RS) model in the adjustment of working characteristic pressure, and achieve the coordinated development between working pressure and mental health. Read More

BMC Nurs 2021 Jun 14;20(1):97. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management (ESHPM), Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Background: Transitions in healthcare delivery, such as the rapidly growing numbers of older people and increasing social and healthcare needs, combined with nursing shortages has sparked renewed interest in differentiations in nursing staff and skill mix. Policy attempts to implement new competency frameworks and job profiles often fails for not serving existing nursing practices. This study is aimed to understand how licensed vocational nurses (VNs) and nurses with a Bachelor of Science degree (BNs) shape distinct nursing roles in daily practice. Read More

Scand J Public Health 2021 Jun 14:14034948211018387. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark.

Background: Pregnancy can make it difficult to cope with demands at work and may affect women's well-being. We investigated if a manager-targeted educational intervention reduced demanding occupational exposures and improved the psychosocial work environment and well-being among pregnant employees.

Methods: Data came from a cluster randomised trial in Danish hospitals and day-care institutions. Read More