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Curr Opin Rheumatol 2021 11;33(6):554-562

Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan.

Purpose Of Review: This review aims to describe clinical and pathological features, prognosis and treatment in patients with anti-HMGCR antibody positive immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (HMGCR-IMNM) based on recent findings.

Recent Findings: Using advances in diagnostic modalities that can confirm the presence of anti-HMGCR antibody, the clinical and pathological manifestations of HMGCR-IMNM were found to be broader than previously reported. Although only a small percentage of HMGCR-IMNM patients present with atypical manifestations, some of these patients show slow disease progression and clinical symptoms, which are similar to those of limb-girdle muscular dystrophies. Read More

Dermatopathology (Basel) 2021 May 8;8(2):124-129. Epub 2021 May 8.

Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.

Lymphocytic infiltration of the skin (LIS), first reported by Jessner and Kanof in 1953, is a disease of unknown etiology characterized by erythematous papules and plaques on the head, neck, and upper back and histopathological findings of a normal epidermis with underlying lymphocytic infiltration of the reticular dermis without mucin deposition. A 69-year-old man and a 21-year-old woman presented with edematous indurative erythema of the left upper eyelid. Lymphocytic infiltration of the dermis with CD4+ T cell predominance was noted on biopsy. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2019 07 7;32(4):e12807. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

To explore and compare the clinical presentations and pathologic features of cutaneous pseudolymphomas (CPL) with primary cutaneous lymphomas. Review literature in order to improve the treatment of CPL. Six cases of CPLs were collected. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2018 11 8;31(6):e12730. Epub 2018 Oct 8.

Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.

Dermatol Online J 2017 Oct 15;23(10). Epub 2017 Oct 15.

Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, Denmark.

We present a 13-year-old girl with Jessner lymphocytic infiltrate of the skin, who has suffered from the disease since the age of 9 years. It is a rare disease in childhood, and we highlight the clinical features and therapeutic response of tacrolimus. Read More

Arthritis Rheumatol 2018 03 10;70(3):449. Epub 2018 Jan 10.

Centre Hospitalier de Valenciennes, Valenciennes, France.

Am J Dermatopathol 2018 Apr;40(4):247-253

Research Unit Dermatopathology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

The occurrence of pseudolymphomatous infiltrates in cutaneous lupus erythematosus (cLE) is described mainly in lupus panniculitis and lupus tumidus/lymphocytic infiltration of the skin (Jessner-Kanof). We collected 15 cases of pseudolymphomatous cLE other than lupus panniculitis and lupus tumidus (M:F = 4:11; age range: 23-79 years; mean age: 50.9 years; median age: 57 years). Read More

J Dermatolog Treat 2017 May 10;28(3):276-278. Epub 2016 Aug 10.

a Department of Dermatology , University Hospital Antwerp (UZA), University of Antwerp (UA) , Antwerp , Belgium.

Introduction: Jessner-Kanof disease (JKD), a lymphocytic infiltration of the skin, can be difficult to treat. Mepacrine (quinacrine), an anti-malarial less available in Belgium, may be beneficial.

Patients And Methods: Two female patients with biopsy-proven and therapy-resistant JKD, not responding to topical and systemic corticosteroids, (hydroxy-)chloroquine and/or dapsone, were treated with mepacrine 100 mg daily. Read More

Wien Med Wochenschr 2016 May 13;166(7-8):250-3. Epub 2016 Jan 13.

Policlinic for Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Lozenetz, Koziak street 1, 1407, Sofia, Bulgaria.

Lupus tumidus is a rare immunological disorder whose pathogenesis is not fully understood. Although on the one hand there are some differences in (1) the clinical morphology of lesions, (2) the histopathology picture, as well as in (3) serological profile of lupus tumidus patients at the current moment, the disease is regarded as a subform of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Differential diagnosis requires the exclusion of many diseases such as Jessner Kanoff lymphocytic infiltration, polymorphous light eruption, and reticular erythematous mucinosis. Read More

Acta Derm Venereol 2014 Sep;94(5):605-6

Department Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, IT-44123 Ferrara, Italy.

Med Clin (Barc) 2014 Apr 3;142(8):360-4. Epub 2013 Jul 3.

Servicio de Clínica Médica, Hospital Provincial del Centenario, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina.

Thalidomide is a synthetic glutamic acid derivative first introduced in 1956 in Germany as an over the counter medications. It was thought to be one of the safest sedatives ever produced as it was effective in small doses, was not addictive, and did not have acute side-effects such as motor impairment, but was quickly removed from market after it was linked to cases of severe birth defects. The Food and Drug Administration approved use in the treatment of erythema nodosum leprosum. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2013 Oct 24;69(4):609-615.e8. Epub 2013 May 24.

Department of Dermatology, Amphia Hospital Breda, Breda, The Netherlands. Electronic address:

Background: The position of the pulsed dye laser (PDL) in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases is still unclear. Evidence-based recommendations are lacking.

Objectives: We sought to systematically review all available literature concerning PDL treatment for inflammatory skin diseases and to propose a recommendation. Read More

Hautarzt 2012 Dec;63(12):965-8

Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Phlebologie, Klinikum Bremerhaven Reinkenheide, Postbrookstr. 103, 27574, Bremerhaven, Deutschland.

A 39-year-old man presented with an annular clearly palpable erythema on the décolleté. Based on clinical and histopathological findings, palpable migratory arciform erythema was diagnosed. This skin condition is classified as a rare type of T-cell pseudolymphoma. Read More

Clin Exp Dermatol 2012 Apr 2;37(3):235-7. Epub 2012 Feb 2.

Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Lymphocytic infiltration of the skin (LIS) is a relatively uncommon skin condition, first described by Jessner and Kanof in 1953. LIS presents mainly on the face, in particular on the cheeks and earlobe, but also on the neck, upper trunk or proximal limbs of middle-aged adults. LIS is often resistant to treatment. Read More

Rev Med Chil 2011 May 16;139(5):633-7. Epub 2011 Sep 16.

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical Faculty, Trakian University of Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.

Benign chronic familial pemphigus (Hailey-Hailey disease) is a rare autosomal dominant blistering skin disorder characterized by suprabasal cell separation (acantholysis) of the epidermis. The Hailey brothers first described it in 1939. Hailey-Hailey disease usually appears in the third or fourth decade, although it can occur at any age. Read More

Ann Dermatol Venereol 2011 Aug-Sep;138(8-9):601-4. Epub 2011 Apr 23.

Service de dermatologie, hôpital Fournier, CHU de Nancy, 36, quai de la Bataille, 54035 Nancy cedex, France.

Background: Primary cutaneous diffuse B-cell lymphoma, leg type, are rare and aggressive tumours frequently affecting elderly patients. We present a case of a 53-year-old woman with an atypical presentation of primary cutaneous diffuse B-cell lymphoma, leg type.

Case Report: Eight years after complete excision of a Jessner-Kanof lymphocytic infiltration on the right shoulder, the patient developed a primary cutaneous diffuse B-cell lymphoma, leg type at the same site. Read More

Ann Dermatol Venereol 2010 Dec;137(12):803-7

Cabinet de Dermatologie, Avenue Résidence v, 14, Place des Grenadiers-quartier-grouchy, 42000 Saint-Étienne, France.

Background: Jessner's lymphocytic infiltration of the skin (LIS) is a chronic, benign T-cell infiltrative disorder, usually manifesting as erythematous papules or plaques on the face, neck and back.

Patients And Methods: five patients presented LIS with numerous skin lesions on the face and back characteristic of this disease. Histological examination showed a lymphocytic infiltrate in the dermis without any modification of the epidermis. Read More

Br J Dermatol 2009 Sep 26;161(3):583-90. Epub 2009 May 26.

Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany.

Background: Lymphocytic infiltration of the skin (LIS) and reticular erythematous mucinosis (REM) are characterized histologically by an inflammatory cutaneous lymphocytic infiltrate similar to the histological appearance of pseudolymphoma.

Objectives: To re-evaluate a large cohort of patients with the clinical and/or histological diagnosis or differential diagnosis of LIS and REM and to assess the evidence for infection with Borrelia.

Methods: Sixty-nine cases of LIS and 34 cases of REM were retrospectively investigated. Read More

G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2009 Apr;144(2):157-71

Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.

The known spectrum of skin manifestations in cutaneous Lyme disease is continuously expanding and can not be regarded as completed. Besides the classical manifestations of cutaneous borreliosis like erythema (chronicum) migrans, borrelial lymphocytoma and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans evidence is growing that at least in part also other skin manifestations, especially morphea, lichen sclerosus and cases of cutaneous B-cell lymphoma are causally related to infections with Borrelia. Also granuloma annulare and interstitial granulomatous dermatitis might be partly caused by Borrelia burgdorferi or similar strains. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2009 May 3;23(5):595-6. Epub 2008 Sep 3.

Arch Dermatol 2006 Dec;142(12):1655-6

Br J Dermatol 2005 Aug;153(2):254-73

Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.

Thalidomide was first introduced in the 1950s as a sedative but was quickly removed from the market after it was linked to cases of severe birth defects. However, it has since made a remarkable comeback for the U.S. Read More

Hum Pathol 2005 May;36(5):505-11

Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical School, Iruma-gun, Japan.

To clarify the confusion surrounding the diagnosis of cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia (CLH) that was formerly described as lymphadenosis benigna cutis, lymphocytoma cutis, or lymphocytic infiltration of Jessner and to assess whether newly recognized diagnoses, such as cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma and pseudolymphomatous folliculitis (PLF), may have been overlooked, we reexamined 55 Japanese cases of nonepidermotropic lymphoproliferative disorder that had previously been diagnosed as "cutaneous pseudolymphoma." In all these cases, the immunohistochemical expressions of CD1a, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD21, CD30, CD43, CD56, CD68, CD79a, kappa and lambda chains, S-100 protein, and latent membrane protein were assessed. In addition, in 13 cases the gene rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain was investigated using a polymerase chain reaction method. Read More

Mult Scler 2005 Apr;11(2):245-8

Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany.

Glatiramer acetate (GLAT) is a well tolerated and safe immunomodulatory drug for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The most commonly recognized side effects are localized injection site reactions consisting of pain, pruritus, mild erythema and induration, which sometimes persist for several days. We describe the first case of a biopsy-proven lymphocytic infiltration (T-cell pseudolymphoma) with the clinical appearance of a figured erythema on the ventrolateral thighs in the first four weeks under GLAT treatment, resolving without any evidence of recurrence despite ongoing therapy. Read More

Dermatology 2002 ;204(1):12-6

Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, Free University of Berlin, Germany.

Background: Lymphocytic infiltration of the skin (Jessner and Kanof) is a T cell pseudolymphoma characterized by the occurrence of recurrent asymptomatic papules and plaques and by a coat-sleeve-like perivascular lymphoid infiltrate. Rarely, familial cases have been reported.

Objectives: Our study was performed to address the question of a genetic predisposition in a case of familial lymphocytic infiltration by histochemical and molecular analysis. Read More

Hautarzt 1999 Apr;50(4):270-4

Abteilung für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Städt. Krankenhaus München-Schwabing, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus des Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.

Palpable arciform migratory erythema of Clark (PAME) has been described as a rare member in the group of T-cell pseudolymphoma. The clinical picture of infiltrated annular erythema developing into large migrating lesions with the trunk as predilection site is distinctive from other pseudolymphomas. Because of the very similar histology and immunohistochemistry in comparison to the more frequent lymphocytic infiltration of the skin of Jessner and Kanof (LIS) doubts have been raised about the existence of PAME as an unique entity. Read More

Arch Dermatol 1997 Jun;133(6):763-6

Department of Dermatology, Universität-Krankenhaus Eppendorf, Hamburg,Germany.

Background: Palpable migratory arciform erythema is clinically characterized by sharply circumscribed, infiltrated erythematous patches that tend to spread irregularly, resulting in arciform morphologic features. The histopathologic features are characterized by a patchy inflammatory perivascular and periadnexal T-lymphocytic infiltrate throughout the dermis. The disease runs a chronic course and is rarely described in the literature. Read More

Arch Dermatol 1995 Sep;131(9):1032-5

Dermatology Service, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France.

Background And Design: An effective therapy is still unavailable for Jessner-Kanof lymphocytic infiltration of the skin. Thalidomide's efficacy was suggested in an open study. Twenty-eight patients were randomly assigned to receive thalidomide (100 mg/d) or placebo over a period of 2 months and were then switched to the other treatment. Read More

J Cutan Pathol 1994 Oct;21(5):430-6

Department of Pathology, Chang Gung College of Medicine and Technology, Tao Yuan, Taiwan.

Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LE), polymorphous light-eruption (PMLE), lymphocytic infiltration of Jessner (LIJ), and cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia (CLH) are often difficult to differentiate from one another by light microscopic examination. We conducted an immunohistochemical analysis of the mononuclear cell infiltrates in 13 LE, 12 PMLE, 10 LIJ, and 13 CLH with various antibodies. Antibodies L26, UCHL1, and S100 achieved statistically significant differences among the four diseases, but because of the overlaps in the number of UCHL1(+) T cells and S100 protein (+) cells in individual cases, these two antibodies were not useful. Read More