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Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Radiology, Fondation Hôpital Saint-Joseph, 185 rue Raymond Losserand, 75674, Paris, France.

Purpose: To present radiological aspects of jejunoileal diverticulosis and its complications.

Results: Jejunoileal diverticulosis is a relatively rare and underestimated condition, which mostly affects the elderly. It is frequently asymptomatic but it can lead to significant complications requiring surgical treatment. Read More

Turk J Gastroenterol 2019 Apr;30(4):357-363

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Izmir Katip Çelebi University - SBU Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.

Background/aims: Pediatric intestinal pseudo-obstruction (PIPO) is a severe disorder of gut motility. In this rare and difficult-to-manage disease, complex treatment method, such as intestinal transplantation, is sometimes needed. This study evaluated the management and follow-up results of patients with PIPO who received treatment at our center. Read More

Asian J Endosc Surg 2019 Jan 7. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

A 47-year-old male patient without a documented past medical history was referred to Sanno Hospital because of constipation and abdominal pain, which he had had for more than 5 years. Abdominal X-ray and CT scan showed an enlarged ascending colon from the cecum to the transverse colon, without apparent mechanical obstruction. The patient was diagnosed with chronic idiopathic colonic pseudo-obstruction, and because his symptoms were resistant to medication, surgical treatment was required. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(50):e13352

First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine.

Rationale: Postoperative ileus with flatulence is a common symptom in patients who have undergone cesarean section, and it can lead to peritonitis and intestinal perforation. However, few previous reports described therapeutic effects of acupuncture in women with flatulence after cesarean delivery. We reported a case of 29-year-old woman with abdominal flatulence after cesarean section. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2019 Jan 5;54(1):16-20. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA. Electronic address:

Pediatric surgeons are ideal allies for the translation of basic science including stem cell therapies. In the spirit of Robert E. Gross, of applying creative solutions to pediatric problems with technical expertise, we describe the impending cellular therapies that may be derived from stem and progenitor cells. Read More

Pediatr Surg Int 2019 Feb 19;35(2):215-220. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Japanese Study Group for Allied Disorders of Hirschsprung's Disease, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.

Purpose: Acquired isolated hypoganglionosis (A-IH) is a late-onset intestinal pseudo-obstruction disorder and shows different pathophysiological findings from congenital isolated hypoganglionosis (C-IH). In this study, we retrospectively examined five cases of A-IH and investigated the features of A-IH.

Methods: Five cases of A-IH were extracted from a nationwide retrospective cohort study in 10 years, from which totally 355 cases of Allied Disorders of Hirschsprung's Disease (ADHD) were collected. Read More

Clin J Gastroenterol 2019 Apr 19;12(2):176-181. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Minami 1-Jo Nishi 16-Chome, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan.

A 59-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a 6-month history of nausea, weight loss, and abdominal distension. Physical examination revealed abdominal distension without tenderness, and edema, numbness, and multiple peripheral neuropathy in the limbs. Blood test results showed anemia, hypoproteinemia, and hypoalbuminemia. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Sep;97(36):e12150

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognosis and survival of pediatric subjects with chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) and investigate the independent risk factors affecting their prognosis.This was a retrospective case series of all pediatric subjects suffering from CIPO and treated at the Pediatric Surgical ward of Xinhua Hospital between January 2006 and January 2016.The overall mortality was 19/48 (39. Read More

Int J Colorectal Dis 2018 Nov 15;33(11):1551-1557. Epub 2018 Aug 15.

Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplant and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Strasse 7, 35392, Giessen, Germany.

Purpose: Postoperative gut dysmotility is a physiologic and frequent temporary reaction after major abdominal surgery. If paralysis merges into a prolonged ileus state, it causes significant morbidity and subsequently worse outcome and discomfort for the patients. Pathophysiology of pathologic prolonged postoperative paralytic ileus remains multifactorial. Read More

J Surg Orthop Adv Summer 2018;27(2):148-154

Exponent, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Postoperative analgesia after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and revision knee arthroplasty (RKA) can be reliant on the use of opioids and may lead to opioid-related adverse events (ORAEs). This study evaluated the risk of ORAEs following TKA and RKA using the 5% Medicare claims (2010-2013) database. There were 41,702 TKA and 3817 RKA patients who met the inclusion criteria. Read More

Lupus 2018 Sep 20;27(10):1661-1669. Epub 2018 Jul 20.

Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.

This study was performed to investigate the clinical characteristics of lupus enteritis in Japanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A total of 481 patients with SLE admitted to our hospital between 2001 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Diagnosis of lupus enteritis was based on the following three criteria: (1) abdominal symptoms, (2) diffuse long-segment bowel thickening and (3) a requirement for glucocorticoid therapy. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Jul;97(27):e11187

Department of Internal Medicine and the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.

Ogilvie's syndrome, also known as acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, refers to pathologic dilation of the colon without underlying mechanical obstruction, occurring primarily in patients with serious comorbidities. Diagnosis of Ogilvie's syndrome is based on clinical and radiologic grounds, and can be treated conservatively or with interventions such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (such as neostigmine), decompressive procedures including colonoscopy, and even surgery. Based on our clinical experience we hypothesized that conservative management yields similar, if not superior, results to interventional management. Read More

Rev Med Interne 2018 Oct 22;39(10):792-799. Epub 2018 Jun 22.

Service d'hépato-gastro-entérologie, hôpital Ambroise-Paré, AP-HP, 9, avenue Charles-de-Gaulle, 92104 Boulogne-Billancourt, France.

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction is a rare disease stemming from numerous causes characterized by disturbances in gastrointestinal motility. Symptomatology is often misleading and topography is variable, thus putting the clinician in serious difficulty. Diagnosis is based on a body of arguments, ranging from the clinical examination to surgical biopsies in expert centers. Read More

Pediatr Int 2018 May;60(5):400-410

The guideline establishment group for allied disorders of Hirschsprung's disease, Science Research, Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare, Fukuoka, Japan.

Background: Despite the presence of ganglion cells in the rectum, some patients have symptoms similar to those of Hirschsprung's disease. A consensus has yet to be established regarding the terminology for these diseases. We defined this group of diseases as "allied disorders of Hirschsprung's disease" and compiled these guidelines to facilitate accurate clinician diagnosis and provide appropriate treatment strategies for each disease. Read More

J Clin Gastroenterol 2018 Jul;52(6):477-489

Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals of the North Midlands, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire.

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare disorder characterized by an impairment of coordinated propulsive activity in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which clinically mimics mechanical intestinal obstruction. CIPO is the most severe and debilitating form of GI dysmotility. CIPO may be primary or be secondary to pathology at any level of the brain-gut axis as well as systemic disease. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 May;97(18):e0647

Department of Critical Care Medicine.

Rationale: Methamphetamine (METH) abuse is increasing rapidly all over the world and becoming a significant public health concern in China. However, abdominal complications secondary to METH abuse are usually overlooked. We describe an unusual case of gangrenous cholecystitis and small intestinal ischemia due to METH abuse. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2018 Jun;66(6):991-1019

Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH.

Objectives: Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstructive (CIPO) conditions are considered the most severe disorders of gut motility. They continue to present significant challenges in clinical care despite considerable recent progress in our understanding of pathophysiology, resulting in unacceptable levels of morbidity and mortality. Major contributors to the disappointing lack of progress in paediatric CIPO include a dearth of clarity and uniformity across all aspects of clinical care from definition and diagnosis to management. Read More

Trials 2018 Feb 27;19(1):146. Epub 2018 Feb 27.

The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.

Background: Most patients who undergo abdominal surgery recover bowel movements within a week; however, some suffer prolonged intestinal paralysis or postoperative ileus (POI) leading to complications, such as infection and intestinal adhesions, which can extend hospitalization and increase readmission rates, and consequently increasing healthcare costs. Chinese medicine is effective for accelerating the recovery of gastrointestinal function after abdominal surgery. Xiangbin prescription (XBP) is the standard prescription for this purpose in our hospital; however, randomized controlled trials of it have not yet been conducted. Read More

Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2018 Mar 6;47(1):209-218. Epub 2017 Dec 6.

Home Nutrition Support and Center for Gut Rehabilitation and Transplant, Center for Human Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue/A100, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

Although chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare disorder, it presents a wide spectrum of severity that ranges from abdominal bloating to severe gastrointestinal dysfunction. In the worst cases, patients may become dependent upon artificial nutrition via parenteral nutrition or choose to have an intestinal transplant. However, whatever the severity, a patient's quality of life can be seriously compromised. Read More

Transplant Proc 2018 Jan - Feb;50(1):226-233

Department of Clinical Sciences, S. Anna-Cona University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy.

Background: Clinical and psychosocial outcomes of a multimodal surgical approach for chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction were analyzed in 24 patients who were followed over a 2- to 12-year period in a single center after surgery or intestinal/multivisceral transplant (CTx).

Methods: The main reasons for surgery were sub-occlusion in surgery and parenteral nutrition-related irreversible complications with chronic intestinal failure in CTx.

Results: At the end of follow-up (February 2015), 45. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Dec;96(52):e9215

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University.

Rationale: Paralytic ileus is characterized by the signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction but without any mechanical lesions in the intestinal lumen. Several medical and surgical conditions can lead to this ailment, such as electrolyte disturbances that impair intestinal motility. However, hypercalcemia secondary to multiple myeloma as a major cause of paralytic ileus has rarely been reported. Read More

J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2018 May;7(2):e55-e57

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health.

We report here the isolation of Mucor velutinosus from multiple blood cultures performed on samples from Broviac catheters and culture of a Broviac insertion-site wound sample from a 6-year-old boy with a history of intestinal failure secondary to chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction, parenteral nutrition, and jejunostomy tube dependence. Examination of a slide from the culture revealed the presence of wide nonseptate hyphae with sporangiophores, columella, and chlamydospores. The fungal isolate was sent to the National Institutes of Health for further evaluation and was identified as Mucor velutinosus by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and genomic sequencing. Read More

Gut 2018 12 5;67(12):2084-2123. Epub 2018 Jan 5.

Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.

BMJ Case Rep 2017 Dec 14;2017. Epub 2017 Dec 14.

Department of General Surgery, Newham University Hospital, London, Plaistow, UK.

Paediatr Drugs 2018 Apr;20(2):173-180

Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders are common in children. Treatment is challenging with limited medical and surgical options. Pyridostigmine, an acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor, increases acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction promoting intestinal contractions. Read More

World J Urol 2018 Feb 22;36(2):221-229. Epub 2017 Nov 22.

Department of Urologic Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Purpose: Cystectomy for bladder cancer is associated with a high risk of postoperative complications. Standardized perioperative protocols, such as enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols, aim to improve postoperative outcome. Postoperative feeding strategies are an important part of these protocols. Read More

Trials 2017 Nov 21;18(1):553. Epub 2017 Nov 21.

Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin- Kawara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.

Background: Postoperative paralytic ileus can be a difficult complication for both surgeons and patients. Causes and treatments have been discussed for more than two centuries, but have not yet been fully resolved. Daikenchuto (TJ-100, DKT) is a traditional Japanese herbal medicine. Read More

Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017 Dec;29(12)

Department of Clinical Science, University of Ferrara, Italy.

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a severe form of gastrointestinal dysmotility (often due to derangement of the innervation/smooth muscle/interstitial cells of Cajal) with recurrent episodes of intestinal subocclusion mimicking a mechanical obstruction. Because of its complexity and heterogeneity, CIPO is often misdiagnosed or remains unrecognized until advanced stages. Management is a critical aspect in CIPO patient care. Read More

Surg Clin North Am 2017 Dec;97(6):1425-1447

Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Surgery, General Surgery, MCHJ-CLS-G, Tacoma, WA 98431, USA. Electronic address:

Critical illness and injury affect the gastrointestinal tract almost uniformly. Complications include the sequelae of direct intestinal injury and repair, impaired motility, intra-abdominal hypertension, and ulceration, among others. Contemporary clinical practice has incorporated many advances in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal complications during critical illness. Read More

Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017 Oct;20(10):1136-1140

Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, China.

Small intestinal obstruction is a common and frequent disease in general surgery. Delayed diagnosis and surgical timing, and inaccurate treatment strategy will lead to life-threatening complications. Therefore, how to diagnose and treat quickly and accurately is still a difficult problem in current gastrointestinal surgery. Read More

J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2017 Jul-Sep;29(3):506-508

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Foundation University Medical College, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

A 37-year-old, patient presented in emergency with history of normal vaginal delivery followed by development of abdominal distention, vomiting, constipation for last 3 days. She was para 4 and had normal vaginal delivery by traditional birth attendant at peripheral hospital 3 days back. Imaging study revealed a heterogeneous complex mass, ascites, pleural effusion, air fluid levels with dilatation gut loops. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2017 Oct 9;2017. Epub 2017 Oct 9.

The Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, UK.

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO), or Ogilvie's syndrome, is a rare clinical entity in which there is massive non-toxic colonic dilatation in the absence of a mechanically obstructing lesion. It is an important yet poorly recognised cause of surgical morbidity and mortality occurring typically in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. ACPO can often be reversed conservatively with colonoscopic or nasogastric decompression. Read More

J Surg Res 2017 10 16;218:167-173. Epub 2017 Jun 16.

Department of Surgery, Colorectal Section, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Background: Paralytic postoperative ileus (POI) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality after abdominal surgery. Despite increased awareness and implementation of various measures, POI remains a problem, perhaps moreso for those patients undergoing extensive oncological surgical treatment. The aim of this study was to describe the extent of POI after advanced cancer surgery in the era of contemporary treatment modalities of POI. Read More

Rev Recent Clin Trials 2018 Jan;13(1):79-81

Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.

Introduction: Amyloidosis is a group of diseases pathohistologically diagnosed by characteristic extracellular deposition of an abnormal fibrillary protein (i.e. amyloid) into organs, leading to organ dysfunction secondary to destruction of normal tissue architecture. Read More

Intensive Care Med 2017 12 5;43(12):1856-1857. Epub 2017 Sep 5.

Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.

World J Gastroenterol 2017 Aug;23(30):5634-5644

Cameron I Wells, Gregory O'Grady, Ian P Bissett, Department of Surgery, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.

Aim: To critically review the literature addressing the definition, epidemiology, aetiology and pathophysiology of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO).

Methods: A systematic search was performed to identify articles investigating the aetiology and pathophysiology of ACPO. A narrative synthesis of the evidence was undertaken. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2018 03;66(3):383-386

DiNOGMI, University of Genova.

The authors aim to identify criteria for the diagnosis of intestinal visceral myopathy (IVM); results were compared with ultrastructural studies. Six IVM patients and 7 pediatric control cases (without gastrointestinal diseases) were studied. One case was a typical megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2017 Aug 1;2017. Epub 2017 Aug 1.

Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa.

Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy (MNGIE), usually an autosomal-recessive inherited condition, causes gastrointestinal dysmotility, ophthalmoplegia, ptosis, leukoencephalopathy and neuropathy. The chromosome 22 disorder, due to mutations in the nuclear gene TYMP encoding thymidine phosphorylase (TP), leads to the accumulation of thymidine and deoxyuridine, with mitochondrial dysfunction.This report describes a patient with an MNGIE-like syndrome with a heterozygous TYMP mutation who showed marked, but transient improvement postallogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Read More

Gastrointest Endosc 2018 02 20;87(2):600-606. Epub 2017 Jul 20.

Enteric NeuroScience Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Background And Aims: Small bowel and colorectal muscle biopsy sampling requires a surgical approach. Advancing our understanding of the pathophysiology of motility disorders, such as functional bowel disorders, intestinal pseudo-obstruction, and slow-transit constipation, is hindered by our inability to noninvasively obtain muscularis propria (MP) for evaluation of multiple cell types, including myenteric neurons. The aims of this study were to determine (1) technical feasibility, reproducibility, and safety of performing duodenal endoscopic muscle biopsy sampling (dEMB) and rectal endoscopic muscle biopsy sampling (rEMB) using a clip-assist technique and (2) the presence of myenteric neurons in tissue samples. Read More

Prog Urol 2017 Sep 19;27(10):513-520. Epub 2017 Jul 19.

Service d'urologie B, hôpital Ibn-Sina, faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, université Mohamed-V, Rabat, Maroc.

Introduction: Postoperative ileus occurs in different degrees, in the majority of patients undergoing radical cystectomy, which may increase the length of hospital stay. The use of chewing gum has demonstrated its effectiveness in reducing time-to-bowel function and the length of hospital stay in several surgical procedures.

Objective: To evaluate the benefit of post-operative chewing gum use in patients undergoing radical cystectomy through a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis. Read More

Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2017 Oct 6;313(4):G320-G329. Epub 2017 Jul 6.

CURE/Digestive Diseases Research Center, Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Digestive Diseases Division, Department of Medicine and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California; and.

Inflammation plays a role in abdominal surgery (AS)-induced intestinal ileus that is alleviated by electrical vagal stimulation. Intracisternal injection of RX-77368, the stable thyrotropin-releasing hormone agonist, activates dorsal motor nucleus neurons and gastric vagal efferent discharges. We investigated the gastric inflammation induced by AS and the modulation by intracisternal RX-77368 in rats. Read More

Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018 Jan 6;30(1). Epub 2017 Jul 6.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.

Background: Complex gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders such as chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) or Hirschsprung's disease (HD) are challenging to diagnose and treat appropriately. Thorough assessment of patient history, radiographic exams, endoscopy, and motility measurements aid in diagnostic workup, yet underlying histology is the cornerstone to enable a more distinct diagnosis of neuromuscular GI disorders. Traditionally, surgical procedures have been performed to obtain specimen suitable for accurate histologic analysis. Read More

Gastroenterology 2017 08 30;153(2):e7-e9. Epub 2017 Jun 30.

Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.

Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017 Dec 20;29(12). Epub 2017 Jun 20.

Hepatology and Gastroenterology Division, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.

Backgrounds: Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is an intractable rare digestive disease manifesting persistent small bowel distension without any mechanical cause. Intestinal decompression is a key treatment, but conventional method including a trans-nasal small intestinal tube is invasive and painful. Therefore, a less invasive and tolerable new decompression method is urgently desired. Read More

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2017 Jul 2;214:145-149. Epub 2017 May 2.

Sidra Medical and Research Centre, Qatar.

Introduction: Ogilvie's Syndrome or Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (ACPO) is a rare condition characterized by massive dilatation of the colon in the absence of mechanical obstruction. About 10% of all reported cases are related to Obstetric and Gynaecological procedures, Caesarean section being the commonest associated factor. Acute intestinal dilatation, if not treated, may lead to perforation and faecal peritonitis with consequent high morbidity and mortality. Read More

Internist (Berl) 2017 Nov;58(11):1207-1212

Medizinische Klinik, Marienkrankenhaus Kassel, Marburger Str. 85, 34127, Kassel, Deutschland.

A 67-year-old man suffering from epigastric pain showed a phytobezoar in the endoscopy. Therapy with Coca Cola® and enzymes was initiated. The (partial) lysis led to a migration of the bezoar into the ileum, resulting in a small bowel obstruction. Read More

Chirurg 2017 Jul;88(7):629-644

Klinik für Allgemein‑, Viszeral‑, Gefäss- und Thoraxchirurgie, Klinikum Memmingen, Bismarckstr. 23, 87700, Memmingen, Deutschland.

The diagnosis ileus is one of the most common indications for an emergency laparotomy. In 70% of the cases, the small intestine is affected, and in 30% it is the colorectum. While stuck hernias are a major cause in developing countries, the most common causes in western countries are postoperative adhesions that lead to an acute bowl obstruction. Read More

Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2017 Jun;19(6):28

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital, 3535 West Thirteen Mile Road, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA.

Purpose Of Review: This study aimed to systematically review small bowel obstruction (SBO), focusing on recent changes in diagnosis/therapy.

Recent Findings: SBO incidence is about 350,000/annum in the USA. Etiologies include adhesions (65%), hernias (10%), neoplasms (5%), Crohn's disease (5%), and other (15%). Read More

Exp Clin Transplant 2018 12 14;16(6):773-778. Epub 2017 Apr 14.

King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive multisystem disorder caused by nuclear TYMP gene mutations, which leads to deficiency in thymidine phosphorylase enzyme. This deficiency then leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, which causes the features characteristic of this syndrome, including severe muscle wasting, gastrointestinal dysmotility, leukoencephalopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and ophthalmoplegia. Here, we present a case series of 3 patients with mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy from Saudi Arabia who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplant at King Faisal Specialist Hospital (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia). Read More

Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017 Aug 4;29(8). Epub 2017 Apr 4.

GI Section, Department of Pathology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Background: The aims of this study were to describe the histology in gastroparesis, specifically to relate histopathology to etiology of gastroparesis (idiopathic and diabetic gastroparesis), gastric emptying, and clinical response to gastric electric stimulation.

Methods: Full thickness gastric body sections obtained during insertion of gastric stimulator in gastroparetics were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin, Masson Trichrome and immunohistochemical stains for Neuron-Specific Enolase and c-Kit.

Key Results: In all, 145 gastroparetics (71 diabetics, 71 idiopathic, 2 post-surgical, and 1 chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction) had full thickness gastric body biopsies. Read More